Solution electrolysis device for hydrometallurgy

Abstract

A solution electrolysis device for hydrometallurgy comprises a solution electrolysis system and an electrolyte circulating filtration system, the solution electrolysis system comprises a tank body, an electrolyte outlet and an electrolyte inlet are formed in the two opposite sides of the tank body respectively, the inlet and the outlet of the electrolyte circulating filtration system are communicated with the electrolyte outlet and the electrolyte inlet respectively, and the top of the tank body is open. A plurality of partition plates are arranged at the bottom of the tank body and between the electrolyte inlet and the electrolyte outlet, the partition plates divide the interior of the tank body into a plurality of electrolysis areas, the upper sides of the electrolysis areas are communicated with one another, and the anode plates and the cathode plates are sequentially and alternately mounted in the tank body from the electrolyte inlet to the electrolyte outlet; according to the device, the concentration polarization phenomenon generated when valuable metal is extracted from a complex acid solution through electrolytic deposition is restrained, the problem of solid-phase deposition in the electrolytic bath is solved, and the device is simple in structure, convenient to operate and high in practicability. And the current efficiency and the metal yield are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of metallurgical equipment, and in particular to a solution electrolysis device for hydrometallurgy. Background Technology

[0002] In the production processes of metallurgy, electronics, and chemical industries, complex acidic solutions containing multiple metal ions are frequently generated, such as hydrometallurgical leaching solutions, acid leaching solutions from electronic waste, and electroplating waste solutions. These solutions not only contain valuable metals like copper, nickel, cobalt, gold, and silver, but also impurity ions such as iron, aluminum, and zinc. Efficiently separating and extracting the target metal from such complex systems is not only crucial for resource recycling but also an essential requirement for environmental protection.

[0003] Currently, obtaining relatively pure metal-enriched solutions or intermediate enrichments from such complex solutions typically requires the combined use of multiple methods, including chemical precipitation, solvent extraction, and ion exchange, to effectively remove various associated impurities. Metal products are then obtained through electrodeposition or reduction. However, existing methods still have some shortcomings in practical operation. Taking the oxygen pressure leaching solution of copper-cobalt sulfide ore as an example, which contains multiple ions such as iron, manganese, calcium, magnesium, aluminum, copper, and cobalt, the conventional treatment process involves iron removal via precipitation, preferential copper extraction with LIX extractant, impurity removal via P2O4 extraction, purification with P507 to obtain a cobalt sulfate solution, and finally, electrowinning to prepare metallic cobalt. This process is not only cumbersome, involving the coordinated operation of multiple methods and requiring extremely high process control, but also prone to low target metal recovery rates and impurity removal efficiency due to issues in the connection between each step or operational errors. Furthermore, the equipment used in these traditional methods may be complex, resulting in high investment costs, and secondary pollution may occur during the treatment process.

[0004] Furthermore, for the solution electrolysis process, existing electrolysis systems are mainly used for electrodeposition to prepare metal products. These systems have high requirements for the impurities in the electrolyte and require continuous replenishment of fresh electrolyte during electrolysis to maintain the target metal concentration within a high range (for example, Cu in a copper electrolyte). 2+(Generally maintained at around 50 g / L). If existing electrolysis systems are used directly to extract target metals from solutions with high impurities and low metal concentrations, severe concentration polarization can easily occur, releasing hydrogen gas at the cathode, significantly reducing current efficiency, and consequently affecting the metal yield (the metal extraction process involves a continuous decrease in the concentration of target metal ions; only when the target metal ion concentration in the solution is reduced to below 0.X g / L after extraction can a high recovery rate be obtained, where X is set according to different metal requirements). This is mainly because the electrolyte flow in conventional electrolytic cells is slow and stable, with a single flow direction, easily forming dead zones, affecting electrolysis efficiency; the conventional electrode design further hinders solution movement, and the high concentration polarization at the cathode surface further reduces electrolysis efficiency. These problems all restrict the efficient and stable extraction of target metals from complex acidic solutions. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a solution electrolysis device for hydrometallurgy, which suppresses concentration polarization during electrolytic deposition extraction of valuable metals from complex acidic solutions, solves the problem of solid phase deposition inside the electrolytic cell, and improves current efficiency and metal yield.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model first proposes a solution electrolysis device for hydrometallurgy, comprising a solution electrolysis system and an electrolyte circulation filtration system. The solution electrolysis system includes a tank, an anode plate, a cathode plate, partitions, an electrolyte inlet, and an electrolyte outlet. One side of the tank has an electrolyte outlet, and the other side has an electrolyte inlet. The inlet and outlet of the electrolyte circulation filtration system are connected, and the outlet is connected to the electrolyte inlet. The top of the tank is open, and multiple partitions are arranged at the bottom of the tank between the electrolyte inlet and the electrolyte outlet. The partitions divide the tank into multiple interconnected electrolysis zones. The anode plate and cathode plate are sequentially and alternately installed in the tank from the electrolyte inlet to the electrolyte outlet. Each partition has an anode plate and a cathode plate on both sides. The bottoms of the anode plate and cathode plate are spaced from the bottom of the tank, so that the anode plate, partitions, and cathode plate form an inverted U-shaped flow channel within the tank.

[0007] In this embodiment, the tank is provided with an electrode plate fixing frame for fixing the anode plate and the cathode plate.

[0008] In this embodiment, the electrode fixing frame includes fixing plates fixed on the top of the tank and on opposite sides, and vertically arranged slots arranged opposite each other on the inner wall of the tank. The cathode plate is hung on the fixing plates on both sides by hanging ears, and the anode plate is inserted into the slots on both sides.

[0009] In this embodiment, the height of the partition is greater than the distance between the anode plate and the bottom of the tank.

[0010] In this embodiment, the electrolyte circulation filtration system includes a metering pump, a first three-way valve, a filter, a second three-way valve, and a ball valve. The inlet end of the ball valve is connected to the electrolyte outlet through a pipeline, and the outlet end of the metering pump is connected to the electrolyte inlet through a pipeline. The outlet of the ball valve, the second three-way valve, the filter, the first three-way valve, and the inlet of the metering pump are connected in series through pipelines.

[0011] In this embodiment, the filter includes a first Y-type filter and a second Y-type filter, which are connected in parallel. The inlet ends of the first Y-type filter and the second Y-type filter are respectively connected to the outlet end of a second three-way valve through pipelines, and the outlet ends of the first Y-type filter and the second Y-type filter are respectively connected to the inlet end of a first three-way valve through pipelines.

[0012] In this embodiment, the cathode plate is a grid-type cathode plate.

[0013] In this embodiment, the cathode plate includes conductive bolts and multiple electrode plates connected in series on the conductive bolts. The electrode plates are parallel to each other, and preferably, the number of electrode plates is between 5 and 30.

[0014] In this embodiment, the side of the anode plate that contacts the electrolyte is wrapped with an acid and alkali resistant fabric layer.

[0015] In this embodiment, the total number of anode plates is greater than the total number of cathode plates.

[0016] Due to the above structure, this utility model has the following advantages:

[0017] 1. In this device, the anode plate, partition plate, and cathode plate are arranged alternately and staggered in the horizontal and vertical directions. Combined with the connection method of each component in the electrolyte circulation filtration system, when the system starts, the electrolyte flows horizontally at high speed under the action of the metering pump. After colliding with the anode plate, the flow direction changes, and the flow velocity increases through the gap between the anode plate and the bottom of the tank. Then, it collides with the partition plate at the bottom of the tank to form a vertical high-speed liquid flow. This increases the direction of liquid flow in the tank, prolongs the average residence time of the electrolyte, and effectively reduces the dead zone in the tank.

[0018] 2. This device wraps the surface of the anode plate with an acid and alkali resistant fabric layer, which isolates the anode surface from the cathode deposits and prevents the cathode deposits from being dissolved on the anode surface, thereby improving the electrolysis efficiency.

[0019] 3. The cathode plate of this device adopts a grid-type cathode plate, which is composed of multiple parallel electrode plates connected in series by conductive bolts. The high-speed liquid flow direction is parallel to the electrode plates. Compared with the traditional plate-shaped cathode plate, it significantly increases the convection velocity of the solution on the electrode plate surface, reduces the concentration polarization degree of the electrode surface, greatly improves the limiting current density, makes the deposit more uniform, and does not exhibit lumps or irregularities under high current density.

[0020] 4. This device is equipped with an electrode plate fixing frame. The cathode plate is hung on the fixing plate on both sides by the hanging ears, and the anode plate is inserted into the slots on both sides, which facilitates the installation and fixing of the anode plate and cathode plate on the tank.

[0021] 5. In the electrolyte circulation filtration system of this device, the first Y-type filter and the second Y-type filter are connected in parallel, which can filter the electrolyte more flexibly and efficiently, ensure the cleanliness of the electrolyte, and facilitate the stable operation of the electrolysis process.

[0022] In summary, this device divides the rectangular electrolytic cell into multiple electrolysis zones with top-inlet and bottom-outlet sections by installing fixed baffles at the bottom of the tank. Combined with the installation of anode and cathode plates, the anode plates, baffles, and cathode plates form an inverted U-shaped flow channel within the tank. Simultaneously, a pump circulation system ensures the electrolyte solution flows in and out of the channel, preventing short-circuit areas within the electrolytic cell. The cathode is designed as a grid-type cathode plate, allowing the solution to "shuttle" within the electrolytic cell, ensuring rapid flow and effectively resolving concentration polarization during electrolysis. This also increases the effective electrode area, ensuring the stability of the electrolyte solution concentration. Parallel filters are installed in the external circulation pipes of the electrolytic cell, solving the problem of solid-phase deposition inside the cell and addressing the challenge of extracting high-purity metals from solutions with high impurity and low ion concentrations through electrolytic deposition. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the tank body of this utility model.

[0025] In the attached diagram: 1. Tank; 2. Electrode plate holder; 3. Anode plate; 4. Cathode plate; 5. Baffle plate; 6. Electrolyte inlet; 7. Metering pump; 8. First three-way valve; 9. First Y-type filter; 10. Second Y-type filter; 11. Second three-way valve; 12. Ball valve; 13. Electrolyte outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, a solution electrolysis device for hydrometallurgy includes a solution electrolysis system and an electrolyte circulation and filtration system. The solution electrolysis system includes a tank 1, an anode plate 3, a cathode plate 4, a partition 5, an electrolyte inlet 6, and an electrolyte outlet 13. In this embodiment, the cathode plate 4 is preferably a grid-type cathode plate, which includes conductive bolts and multiple electrode plates connected in series on the conductive bolts. The electrode plates are parallel to each other, and the number of electrode plates is between 5 and 30. The total number of anode plates 3 is one more than the total number of cathode plates 4. In this embodiment, the side of the anode plate 3 in contact with the electrolyte is wrapped with an acid and alkali resistant fabric layer.

[0029] One side of the tank 1 is provided with an electrolyte outlet 13, and the other side is provided with an electrolyte inlet 6. The inlet of the electrolyte circulation filtration system is connected to the electrolyte outlet 13, and the outlet is connected to the electrolyte inlet 6. The top of the tank 1 is open. At the bottom of the tank 1, between the electrolyte inlet 6 and the electrolyte outlet 13, multiple partitions 5 are provided. The partitions 5 divide the tank 1 into multiple electrolysis zones that are interconnected on the upper side. The tank 1 is provided with an electrode plate fixing frame 2 for fixing the anode plate 3 and the cathode plate 4. The electrode plate fixing frame 2 includes a fixing plate fixed on the top of the tank and opposite sides, and vertically arranged slots arranged opposite each other on the inner wall of the tank 1. The anode plate 3 and the cathode plate 4 are inserted into the tank 1 from the opening side. The two sides of the top of the cathode plate 4 are hung on the fixing plate by the hanging ears. The fixing plate is provided with grooves that match the hanging ears. The hanging ears are positioned by the grooves on the fixing plate. The two sides of the anode plate 3 are inserted into the slots to achieve the fixing and positioning of the anode plate 3.

[0030] like Figure 2As shown, the anode plate 3 and cathode plate 4 are installed alternately in the tank body 1 from the electrolyte inlet 6 to the electrolyte outlet 13. Each partition has an anode plate 3 and a cathode plate 4 on both sides. The bottom of the anode plate 3 and the cathode plate 4 are separated from the bottom of the tank body 1. The height of the partition 5 is greater than the distance between the anode plate 3 and the bottom of the tank body 1, so that the anode plate 3, the partition 5, and the cathode plate 4 form an inverted U-shaped flow channel in the tank body 1.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the electrolyte circulation filtration system includes a metering pump 7, a first three-way valve 8, a filter, a second three-way valve 11, and a ball valve 12. The inlet end of the ball valve 12 is connected to the electrolyte outlet 13 through a pipeline, and the outlet end of the metering pump 7 is connected to the electrolyte inlet 6 through a pipeline. The outlet of the ball valve 12, the second three-way valve 11, the filter, the first three-way valve 8, and the inlet of the metering pump 7 are connected in series through pipelines.

[0032] Furthermore, the filter includes a first Y-type filter 9 and a second Y-type filter 10, which are connected in parallel. The inlet ends of the first Y-type filter 9 and the second Y-type filter 10 are respectively connected to the outlet end of the second three-way valve 11 through pipelines, and the outlet ends of the first Y-type filter 9 and the second Y-type filter 10 are respectively connected to the inlet end of the first three-way valve 8 through pipelines.

[0033] When the above scheme is implemented, under the electrolyte circulation filtration system, the electrolyte flows horizontally at high speed. With the synergistic effect of the anode plate and the bottom baffle of the tank, the electrolyte flows vertically. By making the electrolyte flow at high speed in the electrolytic cell, the mass transfer process of ions is enhanced. The high-speed liquid flow can effectively reduce the thickness of the diffusion layer, allowing metal ions to reach the cathode surface more quickly to undergo reduction reaction. At the same time, it can also promptly remove the substances produced by the anode reaction, thereby eliminating the adverse effects of concentration polarization on electrolysis and ensuring the preferential and efficient precipitation of the target metal.

[0034] The grid-type cathode electrode is parallel to the direction of high-speed liquid flow, which increases the convection velocity on the electrode surface and greatly reduces the concentration polarization, making it possible to extract high-purity metals from complex valuable metal solutions by electrolytic deposition.

[0035] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and do not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the concept of this utility model and the contents of the specification and drawings of this utility model, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A hydrometallurgical solution electrolysis device, characterized by: The utility model relates to a solution electrolysis system and electrolyte circulation filtering system, the solution electrolysis system includes tank (1), anode plate (3), cathode plate (4), baffle (5), electrolyte inlet (6) and electrolyte outlet (13), one side of tank (1) is equipped with electrolyte outlet (13), the other side is equipped with electrolyte inlet (6), the inlet of electrolyte circulation filtering system is linked with electrolyte outlet (13), the outlet is linked with electrolyte inlet (6), the top of tank (1) is open, the bottom of tank (1) is provided with multiple baffles (5) between electrolyte inlet (6) and electrolyte outlet (13), the baffle (5) divides tank (1) into multiple upper side intercommunication electrolytic zones, the anode plate (3) and cathode plate (4) are installed in tank (1) in turn alternately from electrolyte inlet (6) to electrolyte outlet (13), and every baffle's both sides are equipped with an anode plate (3) and a cathode plate (4), the bottom of anode plate (3) and cathode plate (4) is equipped with interval between tank (1) bottom, so that anode plate (3), baffle (5), cathode plate (4) form inverted U type's flow channel in tank (1) and enclose.

2. The hydrometallurgical solution electrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tank (1) is provided with an electrode plate fixing frame (2) for fixing the anode plate (3) and the cathode plate (4).

3. The hydrometallurgically solution electrolysis device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electrode plate fixing frame (2) comprises fixing plates fixed on opposite sides of the top of the tank and vertically arranged clamping grooves arranged on the inner walls of the tank (1), the cathode plate (4) is hung on the fixing plates through the hanging ears, and the anode plate (3) is inserted into the clamping grooves.

4. The hydrometallurgically solution electrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: The height of the baffle (5) is greater than the interval between the anode plate (3) and the bottom of the tank (1).

5. The hydrometallurgically solution electrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: The cathode plate (4) is a fence type cathode plate.

6. The hydrometallurgically solution electrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: The cathode plate (4) comprises a plurality of electrode sheets connected in series on a conductive bolt, and the electrode sheets are parallel to each other.

7. The hydrometallurgically solution electrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: The anode plate (3) is wrapped with an acid and alkali resistant cloth layer on the side in contact with the electrolyte.

8. The hydrometallurgically solution electrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: The total number of the anode plates (3) is one more than that of the cathode plates (4).

9. The hydrometallurgical solution electrolysis device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by: The electrolyte circulation filtering system comprises a metering pump (7), a first three-way valve (8), a filter, a second three-way valve (11), and a ball valve (12), the inlet end of the ball valve (12) is connected to the electrolyte outlet (13) through a pipeline, the outlet end of the metering pump (7) is connected to the electrolyte inlet (6) through a pipeline, the outlet of the ball valve (12), the second three-way valve (11), the filter, the first three-way valve (8), and the inlet of the metering pump (7) are sequentially connected in series through pipelines.

10. The hydrometallurgical solution electrolysis device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The filter comprises a first Y-type filter (9) and a second Y-type filter (10), the first Y-type filter (9) and the second Y-type filter (10) are connected in parallel, the inlet ends of the first Y-type filter (9) and the second Y-type filter (10) are respectively connected to the outlet end of the second three-way valve (11) through pipelines, and the outlet ends of the first Y-type filter (9) and the second Y-type filter (10) are respectively connected to the inlet end of the first three-way valve (8) through pipelines.

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