Molten salt electrolytic furnace with rotating cathode

Abstract

The utility model discloses a molten salt electrolytic furnace with a rotating cathode. The molten salt electrolytic furnace comprises a mounting frame, a furnace body, a graphite crucible, a furnace cover, an exhaust pipe, a motor, a cathode guide rod, a cathode carbon block, a screw rod, a sliding rail and an adjusting seat, compared with the prior art, the graphite crucible is used as the anode, so that the cost is reduced, and the service life is prolonged; the driving device drives the cathode to rotate, so that the passivation layer is prevented from being formed, the electrolysis efficiency is improved, the electrolyte is promoted to flow, and local overheating is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electrolytic furnace technology, specifically to a molten salt electrolytic furnace with a rotating cathode. Background Technology

[0002] Molten salt electrolysis is an important metal smelting method widely used in the production of metals such as aluminum, magnesium, and lithium. Its principle is to use molten salt as an electrolyte, which, under the influence of direct current, reduces metal ions to elemental metals. However, traditional molten salt electrolysis furnaces have the following technical problems:

[0003] Electrode passivation problem: Fixed electrodes are prone to forming a passivation layer during electrolysis, which reduces electrolysis efficiency.

[0004] Anode material issues: Traditional anode materials, such as carbon materials, are expensive and easily damaged, increasing production costs.

[0005] Electrolyte flow problems: In fixed electrode molten salt electrolysis furnaces, poor electrolyte flow leads to localized overheating and exacerbates electrode corrosion.

[0006] Energy consumption and environmental protection issues: Traditional molten salt electrolysis furnaces have poor heat preservation performance, high energy consumption, and inadequate waste gas treatment, which causes environmental pollution. Utility Model Content

[0007] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model discloses a molten salt electrolysis furnace with a rotating cathode, including a mounting frame, a furnace body, a graphite crucible, a furnace cover, an exhaust pipe, a motor, a cathode guide rod, a cathode carbon block, a screw, a slide rail, and an adjusting seat; the furnace body is mounted on the bottom of the mounting frame; the graphite crucible is installed inside the furnace body; the furnace cover is mounted on the top of the furnace body, and an exhaust pipe is provided on its side; a mounting base plate is vertically mounted on the top of the mounting frame, and slide rails are mounted on the left and right sides of the front side of the mounting base plate, with an adjusting seat installed between the slide rails; bearings are fitted at both ends of the screw, which is mounted on the front side of the mounting base plate; the motor is mounted on the adjusting seat; a reducer is fitted at the top of the cathode guide rod and connected to the motor, and the bottom of the cathode guide rod vertically passes through the furnace cover and is fitted with a cathode carbon block extending into the graphite crucible; the graphite crucible is connected to the anode of a DC power supply, and the cathode carbon block is connected to the cathode of the DC power supply.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the furnace body adopts a double-layer structure, with the inner layer being a stainless steel crucible and the outer layer being a heat insulation material.

[0009] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model uses a graphite crucible as the anode, which reduces costs and extends service life; the drive device drives the cathode to rotate, which prevents the formation of a passivation layer, improves electrolysis efficiency, promotes electrolyte flow, and prevents local overheating. Attached Figure Description

[0010] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to actual scale.

[0011] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0012] In the diagram: 1. Mounting frame; 2. Furnace body; 3. Graphite crucible; 4. Furnace cover; 5. Exhaust pipe; 6. Motor; 7. Cathode guide rod; 8. Cathode carbon block; 9. Screw; 10. Connecting rod; 11. Adjusting seat. Detailed Implementation

[0013] Example 1

[0014] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model discloses a molten salt electrolysis furnace with a rotating cathode, including a mounting frame 1, a furnace body 2, a graphite crucible 3, a furnace cover 4, an exhaust pipe 5, a motor 6, a cathode guide rod 7, a cathode carbon block 8, a screw 9, a connecting rod 10, and an adjusting seat 11; the furnace body 2 is mounted at the bottom of the mounting frame 1; the graphite crucible 3 is installed inside the furnace body 2; the furnace cover 4 is mounted on the top of the furnace body 2, and an exhaust pipe 5 is provided on its side; several connecting rods 10 are vertically mounted on the top of the mounting frame 1, and connecting plates are fitted at the bottom of the connecting rods 10; bearings are fitted at both ends of the screw 9, and it is installed between the mounting frame 1 and the connecting plates; the adjusting seat 11 is fitted on the screw 9 and the connecting rod 10, and a motor 6 is mounted on it; a reducer is fitted at the top of the cathode guide rod 7 and connected to the motor 6, and the bottom of the cathode guide rod 7 passes vertically through the furnace cover 4 and is fitted with a cathode carbon block 8 that extends into the graphite crucible 3; the graphite crucible 3 is connected to the anode of a DC power supply, and the cathode carbon block 8 is connected to the cathode of a DC power supply. Using a graphite crucible as the anode reduces material costs and extends service life. The improvement from a rotating furnace body to a single rotating electrode simplifies the structure, lowers costs, and facilitates industrial production. The rotating cathode design prevents the formation of a passivation layer on the cathode surface, improving electrolysis efficiency. Cathode rotation promotes electrolyte flow, prevents localized overheating, and extends electrode life. A tail gas treatment device can be installed at the end of exhaust pipe 5 to purify the discharged waste gas.

[0015] The working principle of this invention is as follows: Raw materials are added to a graphite crucible 3 and heated to a molten state. The power supply is connected, and the motor 6 is started to begin electrolysis. During electrolysis, the cathode conductor 7 and the cathode carbon block 8 rotate under the drive of the motor 6, preventing the formation of a passivation layer and improving electrolysis efficiency. At high temperatures, molten salts such as NaCl, KCl, and LiCl are ionized into cations and anions. Anions undergo oxidation at the anode, losing electrons and being oxidized into gases or compounds; cations undergo reduction at the cathode, precipitating the target metal. Waste gas generated during electrolysis is discharged through an exhaust port and can be purified by a waste gas treatment device before being released.

[0016] After electrolysis, shut off the power system and drive unit, and remove the product.

[0017] Components not described in detail in this article are existing technologies, and the connections and controls of each motor are all technical means commonly used by those skilled in the art, so they will not be described in detail.

[0018] While the specific embodiments of this utility model have been described in detail above, this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of this utility model. Modifications or variations that do not involve creative labor are still within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A molten salt electrolysis furnace with a rotating cathode, characterized in that: Including installation frame (1), furnace body (2), graphite crucible (3), furnace cover (4), exhaust pipe (5), motor (6), cathode guide rod (7), cathode carbon block (8), screw rod (9), slide rail (10), adjusting seat (11); The bottom of the installation frame (1) is provided with a furnace body (2); The graphite crucible (3) is installed inside the furnace body (2); The furnace cover (4) is installed on the top of the furnace body (2), and the side is provided with an exhaust pipe (5); The top of the installation frame (1) is vertically provided with an installation bottom plate, the front side of the installation bottom plate is provided with slide rails (10) on the left and right sides, and adjusting seats (11) are installed between the slide rails; Both ends of the screw rod (9) are provided with bearings and are installed on the front side of the installation bottom plate; The motor (6) is installed on the adjusting seat (11); The top of the cathode guide rod (7) is provided with a reducer connected to the motor (6), the bottom vertically penetrates the furnace cover (4) and is provided with a cathode carbon block (8) extending into the graphite crucible (3); The graphite crucible (3) is connected to a direct current power source anode, and the cathode carbon block (8) is connected to a direct current power source cathode.

2. A molten salt electrolysis cell with a rotating cathode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace body (2) adopts a double-layer structure, the inner layer is a stainless steel crucible, and the outer layer is a heat preservation material.

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