Multifunctional early warning intelligent monitoring device for cable trench of transformer substation

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multifunctional early-warning intelligent monitoring device for a cable trench of a transformer substation. The multifunctional early-warning intelligent monitoring device comprises a main control chip, a sensor, a communication module, a control module, a relay, danger elimination equipment, a transformer and a power supply, the communication module, the control module and the transformer are respectively connected with the main control chip; the relay is connected with the danger eliminating device and the control module. The power supply is respectively connected with the relay and the transformer; the sensors comprise a liquid level sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor and a combustible gas sensor; the liquid level sensor, the ultrasonic sensor, the temperature and humidity sensor and the combustible gas sensor are respectively connected with the main control chip. According to the utility model, monitoring and rapid early warning of water level, temperature and humidity, combustible gas concentration and animal activity in the cable trench can be realized, operation and maintenance cost and risk of the cable trench are reduced, and stable operation of the cable trench and safety and reliability of an electric power system are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of cable trench monitoring technology, and in particular to a multi-functional early warning intelligent monitoring device for substation cable trenches. Background Technology

[0002] Cable trenches are extremely important in substation systems. These trenches house a large number of cables used to transmit electrical energy. During rainy weather, water accumulates in the trenches, and if the water level is too high, the cables will be submerged, affecting their lifespan. Typically, drainage ditches are installed around cable trenches, some even connecting to residential drainage systems. The narrow spaces and complex underground environment of cable trenches can lead to the accumulation of flammable gases over time, posing a significant risk of explosion should an open flame come into contact with them. Located outdoors, cable trench covers are insufficient to protect against external weather conditions. Furthermore, the enclosed spaces of cable trenches are susceptible to changes in temperature and humidity, directly impacting cable lifespan. Substations are also frequently invaded by small animals that may burrow into the cable trenches, damaging cables or building nests, negatively affecting power transmission.

[0003] Currently, the technology of intelligent monitoring systems for substation cable trenches has made significant progress. These systems integrate various sensors and communication technologies to achieve real-time monitoring, fault warning, and intelligent handling of the environment and equipment status within the cable trench, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the power system. However, while current intelligent monitoring systems achieve remote visual monitoring of environmental parameters through IoT sensors, they still have significant shortcomings in their functional closed-loop design. They lack the ability to coordinate and control terminal equipment such as drainage pumps and ventilation devices, and still rely on manual on-site handling for situations such as excessive water levels or abnormal gas concentrations. Furthermore, the prevention and control of biological intrusion is still mainly based on passive monitoring, resulting in a significant investment of manpower in regular inspections and emergency operations. This reduces the timeliness of risk response and makes it difficult to build a comprehensive protection system for cable trenches covering environmental control, safety protection, and equipment maintenance. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-functional intelligent monitoring device for cable trenches in substations. This device can monitor and provide rapid early warnings for water level, temperature, humidity, combustible gas concentration, and animal activity within the cable trench, thereby reducing the operation and maintenance costs and risks of the cable trench and ensuring its stable operation and the safety and reliability of the power system. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0005] A multi-functional early warning intelligent monitoring device for substation cable trenches includes a main control chip, sensors, a communication module, a control module, relays, hazard mitigation equipment, a transformer, and a power supply;

[0006] The communication module, control module, and transformer are respectively connected to the main control chip; the relays are respectively connected to the emergency response equipment and the control module; the power supply is respectively connected to the relays and the transformer; the sensors include a liquid level sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, and a combustible gas sensor; the liquid level sensor, ultrasonic sensor, temperature and humidity sensor, and combustible gas sensor are respectively connected to the main control chip.

[0007] Preferably, it also includes a main control box; the main control box is installed on the bottom surface of the cable trench cover; the ultrasonic sensor is installed directly below the main control box; the temperature and humidity sensor and the combustible gas sensor are installed on the right side of the main control box.

[0008] Preferably, it also includes a liquid level sensor fixing bolt; the liquid level sensor includes a low liquid level sensor and a high liquid level sensor; the liquid level sensor fixing bolt is installed on the left side of the main control box; one end of the liquid level sensor fixing bolt is connected to the bottom surface of the cable trench cover, and the other end extends downward; the low liquid level sensor and the high liquid level sensor are located below the liquid level sensor fixing bolt; the height of the high liquid level sensor is higher than that of the low liquid level sensor.

[0009] Preferably, the hazard mitigation equipment includes a water pump, a rodent repeller, and an exhaust system; the water pump is installed at the bottom of the cable trench; the rodent repeller is installed on the bottom surface of the cable trench cover; and the exhaust system is installed on the cable trench cover.

[0010] Preferably, the exhaust device includes an exhaust fan and an exhaust cap; the exhaust fan is installed on the bottom surface of the cable trench cover, and the exhaust cap is installed on the top surface of the cable trench cover.

[0011] Preferably, the lower end of the high liquid level sensor is flush with the height of the power transmission cable located at the lowest point inside the cable trench.

[0012] Preferably, the main control box is a rectangular box, with its long side parallel to the inner wall of the cable trench.

[0013] Preferably, the main control chip is a microcontroller; the control module is a PLC controller.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] This invention, by incorporating a main control chip, liquid level sensor, ultrasonic sensor, temperature and humidity sensor, and combustible gas sensor, enables real-time monitoring of key parameters within cable trenches, such as liquid level, animal activity, temperature and humidity, and combustible gas concentration. This allows for the timely detection of potential problems within the cable trench, including water accumulation, combustible gas leaks, abnormal temperature and humidity, and small animal intrusion, helping to prevent accidents and ensuring the normal operation of cables and the stability of the power system. Furthermore, by controlling the operation of drainage pumps, rodent repellers, and ventilation equipment, timely drainage, ventilation, and rodent control operations are performed. Warnings are also sent to personnel via a communication module, eliminating the need for on-site manual intervention. This significantly improves the timeliness of responding to emergencies, reduces the risk of cable damage due to water accumulation or combustible gas buildup, and enhances the safety of the power system. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a front view of the installation of this utility model inside a cable trench.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a side view of the installation inside the cable trench of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the exhaust cap of this utility model.

[0021] Explanation of key figure labels:

[0022] 1-Low liquid level sensor, 2-High liquid level warning line, 3-High liquid level sensor, 4-Liquid level sensor fixing bolt, 5-Ultrasonic sensor, 6-Main control box, 7-Temperature and humidity sensor, 8-Combustible gas sensor, 9-Power transmission cable, 10-Angle steel bracket, 11-Water pump, 12-Drain pipe, 13-Cable trench cover, 14-Cable trench, 15-Rodent repellent, 16-Exhaust fan, 17-Exhaust cap, 18-Exhaust hole. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "top surface", "bottom surface", "inner", "outer", "inner side", "outer side", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0025] In the description of this utility model, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. If the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used in the description, they are for descriptive purposes and to distinguish technical features, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the sequential relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances. The embodiments of this utility model will now be described based on its overall structure.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] The substation cable trench multi-functional early warning intelligent monitoring device shown in the figure includes a main control chip, sensors, communication module, control module, relays, hazard elimination equipment, transformer and power supply;

[0029] The communication module, control module, and transformer are respectively connected to the main control chip; the relays are respectively connected to the emergency response equipment and the control module; the power supply is respectively connected to the relays and the transformer; the sensors include a liquid level sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, and a combustible gas sensor; the liquid level sensor, ultrasonic sensor, temperature and humidity sensor, and combustible gas sensor are respectively connected to the main control chip.

[0030] Next, the working principle of this embodiment will be described in detail so that those skilled in the art can better understand this utility model:

[0031] The main control box houses the main control chip, communication module, control module, relays, transformer, and power supply, serving a protective function. These components are installed inside the main control box. The temperature and humidity sensor and the combustible gas sensor are connected to the main control chip in the main control box via wired transmission lines. These sensors transmit the collected temperature, humidity, and combustible gas concentration information from the cable trench to the main control chip, which then analyzes the information. The power module provides power to the entire device. The control module and relays control the activation and deactivation of the hazard mitigation equipment. The ultrasonic sensor detects animal activity within the cable trench. When the level sensor, ultrasonic sensor, temperature and humidity sensor, or combustible gas sensor detects abnormal information, it sends a command to the main control chip and then to the control module. The control module, via relays, controls the activation and deactivation of the hazard mitigation equipment to ventilate, drain, or repel rodents from the cable trench.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that it also includes a main control box; the main control box is installed on the bottom surface of the cable trench cover; the ultrasonic sensor is installed directly below the main control box; and the temperature and humidity sensor and the combustible gas sensor are installed on the right side of the main control box.

[0034] The ultrasonic sensor, installed directly below the main control box, emits ultrasonic signals into the surrounding space. When a mouse moves within its monitoring range, the ultrasonic waves are reflected when they hit the mouse's body. After receiving the reflected ultrasonic signals, the sensor analyzes and judges the mouse's activity based on the signal's reflection time, intensity, and other characteristic information, thereby enabling the monitoring of mouse activity.

[0035] The temperature and humidity sensor installed on the right side of the main control box can accurately sense the air temperature and humidity in the cable trench in real time. A suitable temperature and humidity environment is crucial for the normal and stable operation of the cable, and the sensor transmits the collected data in real time. The combustible gas sensor, also installed on the right side of the main control box, monitors the concentration of combustible gases in the cable trench and transmits the signal.

[0036] The working principle of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1.

[0037] Example 3

[0038] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that it also includes a liquid level sensor fixing bolt; the liquid level sensor includes a low liquid level sensor and a high liquid level sensor; the liquid level sensor fixing bolt is installed on the left side of the main control box; one end of the liquid level sensor fixing bolt is connected to the bottom surface of the cable trench cover, and the other end extends downward; the low liquid level sensor and the high liquid level sensor are located below the liquid level sensor fixing bolt; the height of the high liquid level sensor is higher than that of the low liquid level sensor.

[0039] The low-level and high-level liquid level sensors are wired to the main control chip. A liquid level sensor fixing bolt is installed on the lower left side of the main control box to secure the wires of the low-level and high-level liquid level sensors. The high-level and low-level sensors are located at designated upper and lower positions in the cable trench of the substation, respectively. A lifting ring is provided at the lower end of the liquid level sensor fixing bolt, and the middle of the wire is fixed to the lifting ring. The upper end of the wire is connected to the main control chip, and the lower end is connected to either the low-level or high-level liquid level sensor. The collected liquid level information from the cable trench is transmitted to the main control chip in the main control box for analysis and judgment.

[0040] The working principle of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1.

[0041] Example 4

[0042] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that the hazard mitigation equipment includes a water pump, a rodent repeller, and an exhaust device; the water pump is installed at the bottom of the cable trench; the rodent repeller is installed on the bottom surface of the cable trench cover; and the exhaust device is installed on the cable trench cover.

[0043] The pump is located at the bottom of the cable trench. The pump is connected to a relay module, and the control module controls the pump's start and stop. When the water level reaches above the low level, the low level sensor receives data, and the control module controls the pump to start via the relay module, using low-power pumping. When the water level reaches the high level warning line, the pump is switched to maximum power. This allows for better control of drainage efficiency and avoids adverse effects on cable quality caused by prolonged soaking.

[0044] The rat repeller is an ultrasonic rat repeller. When the ultrasonic sensor detects animal activity, the main control chip sends a command to the control module. The control module then controls the relay to provide power to the rat repeller, which then operates to drive away the animals in the cable trench, thus preventing damage to the cables caused by animal activity.

[0045] The working principle of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1.

[0046] Example 5

[0047] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 4 is that the exhaust device includes an exhaust fan and an exhaust cap; the exhaust fan is installed on the bottom surface of the cable trench cover, and the exhaust cap is installed on the top surface of the cable trench cover.

[0048] The exhaust fan is installed directly below the exhaust cap and is connected to a relay. An opening is made in the cable trench cover where the exhaust fan and exhaust cap are located, allowing exhaust gas to be discharged through the exhaust cap. The exhaust fan is used to ventilate, cool, and dehumidify the cable trench, reducing the probability of explosions caused by excessively high concentrations of flammable gases and preventing adverse effects of temperature and humidity on cable quality. The exhaust cap is a backflow-proof ventilation cap with exhaust holes on its side.

[0049] The working principle of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1.

[0050] Example 6

[0051] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 5 is that the lower end of the high-level liquid sensor is flush with the height of the power transmission cable at the lowest point inside the cable trench. This flush alignment serves as a high-level warning line, enabling more accurate water level monitoring. When the water level reaches the height of the power transmission cable at the lowest point inside the cable trench, potentially immersing it, the high-level liquid sensor contacts the water level and detects the signal, thus better protecting the cable.

[0052] The working principle of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1.

[0053] Example 7

[0054] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 6 is that the main control box is a rectangular box with its long side parallel to the inner wall of the cable trench. This rectangular shape and parallel alignment of the main control box with the inner wall of the cable trench allow for a more seamless installation that conforms to the cable trench structure, saving space and facilitating installation and maintenance.

[0055] The working principle of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1.

[0056] Example 8

[0057] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 7 is that the main control chip is a microcontroller, and the control module is a PLC controller. The main control chip is an STM32 microcontroller, which has advantages such as low cost, high reliability, and small size; the control module is a PLC controller, which has the characteristics of flexible programming and strong anti-interference ability. The combination of the two can better meet the control requirements of the system and improve the stability and scalability of the system.

[0058] The working principle of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1.

[0059] In summary, this invention, by incorporating a main control chip, liquid level sensor, ultrasonic sensor, temperature and humidity sensor, and combustible gas sensor, can monitor key parameters such as liquid level, animal activity, temperature and humidity, and combustible gas concentration in cable trenches in real time. This allows for the timely detection of various potential problems within the cable trenches, such as water accumulation, combustible gas leaks, abnormal temperature and humidity, and small animal intrusion, helping to prevent accidents and ensuring the normal operation of cables and the stability of the power system. Furthermore, by controlling the operation of drainage pumps, rodent repellers, and ventilation equipment, timely drainage, ventilation, and rodent control operations are performed. Warnings are also sent to personnel via a communication module, eliminating the need for on-site manual intervention. This significantly improves the timeliness of responding to emergencies, effectively reduces the risk of cable damage due to water accumulation or combustible gas buildup, and enhances the safety of the power system.

[0060] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes. These descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it is obvious that many changes and variations can be made based on the above teachings. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, these specific embodiments are merely explanations of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. The purpose of selecting and describing exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the present invention and its practical application, so that those skilled in the art, after reading this specification, can make modifications, substitutions, variations, and various choices and changes to the embodiments as needed without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, provided that such modifications, substitutions, variations, and choices and changes are within the scope of the claims of the present invention and are protected by patent law.

Claims

1. A multifunctional early warning intelligent monitoring device for a substation cable trench, characterized in that, The device comprises a main control chip, sensors, a communication module, a control module, relays, a risk-eliminating device, a transformer and a power supply. The communication module, the control module and the transformer are connected with the main control chip respectively; the relays are connected with the risk-eliminating device and the control module respectively; the power supply is connected with the relays and the transformer respectively; the sensors comprise liquid level sensors, ultrasonic sensors, temperature and humidity sensors and combustible gas sensors; the liquid level sensors, the ultrasonic sensors, the temperature and humidity sensors and the combustible gas sensors are connected with the main control chip respectively. 2.The transformer cable trench multifunctional early warning intelligent monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device further comprises a main control box; the main control box is installed on the bottom surface of the cable trench cover plate; the ultrasonic sensor is installed directly below the box body of the main control box; the temperature and humidity sensor and the combustible gas sensor are installed on the right side of the main control box. 3.The substation cable trench multifunctional early warning intelligent monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The device further comprises a liquid level sensor fixing bolt; the liquid level sensor comprises a low liquid level sensor and a high liquid level sensor; the liquid level sensor fixing bolt is installed on the left side of the main control box; one end of the liquid level sensor fixing bolt is connected with the bottom surface of the cable trench cover plate, and the other end extends downward; the low liquid level sensor and the high liquid level sensor are arranged below the liquid level sensor fixing bolt; the height of the high liquid level sensor is higher than that of the low liquid level sensor.

4. The substation cable trench multifunctional early warning intelligent monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The risk-eliminating device comprises a water pump, a mouse expeller and an exhaust device; the water pump is installed at the bottom of the cable trench; the mouse expeller is installed on the bottom surface of the cable trench cover plate; the exhaust device is installed on the cable trench cover plate.

5. The substation cable trench multifunctional early warning intelligent monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The exhaust device comprises an exhaust fan and an exhaust cap; the exhaust fan is installed on the bottom surface of the cable trench cover plate, and the exhaust cap is installed on the top surface of the cable trench cover plate.

6. The substation cable trench multifunctional early warning intelligent monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lower end of the high liquid level sensor is flush with the height of the power transmission cable arranged at the lowest end inside the cable trench. 7.The substation cable trench multifunctional early warning intelligent monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main control box is a rectangular box body, and the long side of the main control box is parallel to the inner wall of the cable trench. 8.The substation cable trench multifunctional early warning intelligent monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control chip is a single-chip microcomputer; the control module is a PLC controller.

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