Distribution box and distributed power generation system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a power distribution box and a distributed power generation system. The power distribution box can comprise an on-grid and off-grid switching device and a load power distribution device. Wherein one end of the grid-connected and off-grid switching device can be connected with an external power grid, the other end of the grid-connected and off-grid switching device can be connected with the load power distribution device, and the load power distribution device can also be connected with an external combiner box and / or an external load. Wherein the grid-connected and off-grid switching device can control the on-off state between the power grid and the load power distribution device, so that the distributed power generation system can be switched between a grid-connected mode and an off-grid mode. According to the embodiment of the invention, the power distribution connection structure in the distributed power generation system can be simplified on the basis of realizing the grid-connected and off-grid functions of the distributed power generation system, the installation space can be saved, the installation and maintenance cost of the system can be saved, and the practicability and economical efficiency of the distributed power generation system can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power technology, and in particular to a distribution box and a distributed generation system. Background Technology

[0002] Distributed generation (DG) systems refer to small, modular, decentralized power systems located on the user side or near the power consumption site, used to meet the electricity needs of specific users and the balancing and regulation requirements of the power grid system. Distributed generation systems can include various types such as solar photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation, small-scale hydropower generation, biomass power generation, and fuel cells. Among these, the most commonly used distributed generation systems are grid-connected and off-grid distributed generation systems.

[0003] In related technologies, to achieve grid-connected and off-grid operation of loads, common grid-connected and off-grid distributed generation systems typically include components such as grid-connected / off-grid boxes, traditional distribution boxes, and combiner boxes. However, this traditional system architecture has significant drawbacks. Because each component module is relatively independent, the internal power distribution lines are numerous and intertwined, increasing the complexity and difficulty of system installation and commissioning, as well as raising the cost and technical threshold of line maintenance. Furthermore, the use of multiple independent components results in the system occupying a large installation space, which is detrimental to miniaturization and compact design. Therefore, a new technical solution is urgently needed to simplify the power distribution connection structure, reduce system costs and installation space, and improve the practicality and economy of grid-connected and off-grid distributed generation systems. Utility Model Content

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a distribution box and a distributed generation system to address the above-mentioned technical problems. This can simplify the power distribution connection structure in the distributed generation system, saving installation space and reducing system installation and maintenance costs.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a distribution box, which includes: a grid-connected and off-grid switchgear and a load distribution device;

[0006] One end of the grid-connected switchgear is connected to the external power grid, and the other end is connected to the load distribution device. The load distribution device is also connected to an external combiner box and / or an external load. The grid-connected switchgear can control the on / off state between the power grid and the load distribution device.

[0007] In one embodiment, the grid-connected switching device includes: a detection circuit, a switching circuit, and a control circuit; wherein, one end of the detection circuit is connected to the power grid to monitor the state of the power grid, and the other end of the detection circuit is connected to the control circuit, which can obtain the state of the power grid from the detection circuit;

[0008] One end of the switching circuit is connected to the power grid, and the other end is connected to the load distribution device. The control circuit can control the on / off state of the switching circuit according to the state of the power grid.

[0009] In one embodiment, the control circuit controls the switching circuit to conduct when the power grid is in a normal state; or...

[0010] When the power grid is in an abnormal state, the control circuit will shut off the control switch circuit.

[0011] In one embodiment, the grid-connected / off-grid switching device is a grid-connected / off-grid relay.

[0012] In one embodiment, the off-grid switching device includes a bypass circuit; wherein one end of the bypass circuit is connected to the power grid, and the other end of the bypass circuit is connected to the load distribution device.

[0013] When a conductive element is provided on the bypass circuit, both ends of the bypass circuit are in a conductive state; when no conductive element is provided on the bypass circuit, both ends of the bypass circuit are in an open circuit state.

[0014] In one embodiment, the bypass circuit includes an insertion mechanism, one end of which is connected to the power grid and the other end of which is connected to the load distribution device.

[0015] In this case, when the conductive element is embedded in the insertion mechanism, both ends of the insertion mechanism are in a conductive state; when the conductive element is subjected to external force, it will be embedded in the insertion mechanism.

[0016] In one embodiment, the insertion mechanism has a groove structure, and the guide has a contour structure that matches the groove structure of the insertion mechanism.

[0017] In one embodiment, the insertion mechanism includes a preset keyhole structure, and the guide includes a preset key structure that matches the preset keyhole structure.

[0018] In one embodiment, the off-grid switch device includes: a digital input interface and / or a digital output interface; wherein one end of the digital input interface is connected to an external first device, and the other end of the digital input interface is connected to a control circuit;

[0019] One end of the digital output interface is connected to the control circuit, and the other end of the digital output interface is connected to an external second device.

[0020] In one embodiment, the communication terminal of the grid-connected switch is connected to the data acquisition device in the combiner box; wherein, the grid-connected switch and the data acquisition device transmit data using RS485 communication.

[0021] In one embodiment, the distribution box further includes: a main circuit breaker;

[0022] One end of the main circuit breaker is connected to the power grid, and the other end is connected to the grid-connected and off-grid switchgear.

[0023] In one embodiment, the combiner box is a photovoltaic storage combiner box.

[0024] Secondly, this application also provides a distributed generation system, which includes: a combiner box, a distribution box as described in any embodiment of the first aspect, a power generation device, and an energy storage device; wherein, one end of the distribution box is connected to an external power grid, and the distribution box is also connected to the combiner box and / or an external load; the combiner box is also connected to the power generation device and the energy storage device.

[0025] In one embodiment, the combiner box includes a data acquisition device connected to an energy storage device; wherein the data acquisition device and the energy storage device transmit data via CAN communication.

[0026] In one embodiment, the communication cable between the data acquisition device and the energy storage device includes a multi-core RJ45 port.

[0027] In one embodiment, the data acquisition device is also connected to the communication terminal of the grid-connected and off-grid switch device in the distribution box; wherein the grid-connected and off-grid switch device and the data acquisition device use RS485 communication method for data transmission.

[0028] In one embodiment, the energy storage device is also connected to the communication terminal of the grid-connected / off-grid switch in the distribution box; wherein, the energy storage device and the grid-connected / off-grid switch use CAN communication or RS485 communication for data transmission.

[0029] In one embodiment, the combiner box is also connected to the power grid via a current transformer (CT) or a meter.

[0030] In one embodiment, the combiner box is a photovoltaic-storage combiner box, and the power generation device is a photovoltaic power generation device.

[0031] The aforementioned distribution box and distributed generation system include a grid-connected / off-grid switchgear and a load distribution device. One end of the grid-connected / off-grid switchgear can be connected to the external power grid, and the other end can be connected to the load distribution device. The load distribution device can also be connected to an external combiner box and / or an external load. The grid-connected / off-grid switchgear controls the on / off state between the power grid and the load distribution device, enabling the distributed generation system to switch between grid-connected and off-grid modes. Therefore, in this embodiment, by integrating a grid-connected / off-grid switchgear and a load distribution device into the distribution box, the power distribution connection structure of the distributed generation system can be simplified while achieving grid-connected / off-grid functionality. This not only saves installation space but also reduces system installation and maintenance costs, thereby improving the practicality and economy of the distributed generation system. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the conventional technology, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the conventional technology will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a distribution box provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a distribution box provided in some other embodiments of this application;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a distribution box provided in some other embodiments of this application;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bypass circuit provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0037] Figure 5 Schematic diagrams of bypass circuits provided in other embodiments of this application;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a distribution box provided in some other embodiments of this application;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a distribution box provided in some other embodiments of this application;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a distribution box provided in some other embodiments of this application;

[0041] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a distributed generation system provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0042] Figure 10 Schematic diagrams of the structure of a distributed generation system provided in other embodiments of this application;

[0043] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a distributed generation system provided for other embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application will be thorough and complete.

[0045] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the term "comprising" and any variations thereof in the description, claims, and foregoing drawings are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion.

[0046] It is understood that the terms “first,” “second,” etc., used in this application may be used herein to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another.

[0047] It is understood that the term "connection" in the following embodiments should be understood as "electrical connection," "communication connection," etc., if the connected circuits, modules, units, etc., have electrical signal or data transmission with each other.

[0048] The distribution box in this application embodiment can be applied to grid-connected and off-grid distributed generation systems; of course, the distribution box can also be applied to other types of generation systems.

[0049] To facilitate understanding, some terms are first introduced and explained in the embodiments of this application.

[0050] The distribution box in this application embodiment may include, but is not limited to, any of the following: household distribution box, industrial distribution box, commercial distribution box, and special environment distribution box.

[0051] The combiner box in this application embodiment is a key device in the combination of power generation device and energy storage device in a distributed generation system. Its main functions are to collect, distribute, protect and monitor the electrical energy generated by the power generation device and the electrical energy in the energy storage device, so as to facilitate the efficient and stable operation of the power system.

[0052] It should be noted that, for ease of explanation, the following embodiments use a solar photovoltaic power generation system as an example of the distributed power generation system in this application. It should be understood that when the distributed power generation system in this application is another type of power generation system, its implementation principle and technical effects are similar.

[0053] For example, solar photovoltaic power generation systems are mainly divided into the following three categories: grid-connected photovoltaic power generation systems, off-grid photovoltaic power generation systems, and grid-connected and off-grid photovoltaic power generation systems.

[0054] A grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system is a power generation system that converts the direct current generated by solar photovoltaic modules into alternating current through an inverter and directly connects it to the public power grid or the user-side power grid.

[0055] Off-grid photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems are PV power generation systems that do not rely on the public power grid and operate independently. Their core feature is that they convert light energy into electrical energy through solar photovoltaic modules and store the electrical energy using energy storage devices (such as batteries) to meet users' electricity needs under different lighting conditions.

[0056] A grid-connected and off-grid photovoltaic power generation system is a type of photovoltaic power generation system that combines grid-connected and off-grid functions. It can transmit excess power to the grid when the grid is normal, and automatically switch to an independent power supply mode when the grid fails or there is a power outage, ensuring the power supply for critical loads.

[0057] To address the issues of complex and costly power distribution connection structures in grid-connected and off-grid distributed generation systems in related technologies, this application proposes a method that integrates grid-connected and off-grid switching devices and load distribution devices into a distribution box. This simplifies the power distribution connection structure of the distributed generation system while achieving grid-connected and off-grid functions, saving installation space and reducing system installation and maintenance costs, thereby improving the practicality and economy of the distributed generation system.

[0058] In some embodiments, Figure 1 The diagram below illustrates the structure of a distribution box provided in some embodiments of this application. For example, the distribution box in these embodiments can be applied to grid-connected and off-grid distributed generation systems; of course, it can also be applied to other types of generation systems. Figure 1 As shown, the distribution box in this application embodiment may include, but is not limited to, a grid-connected and off-grid switch device 10 and a load distribution device 11.

[0059] In this embodiment, one end of the grid-connected / off-grid switch device 10 can be connected to an external power grid, and the other end of the grid-connected / off-grid switch device 10 can be connected to a load distribution device 11. The load distribution device 11 can also be connected to an external combiner box and / or an external load, respectively. Figure 1 The example shown is that the load distribution device 11 is connected to an external combiner box and an external load, respectively.

[0060] It should be understood that the combiner box in this application embodiment can also be connected to the power generation device and energy storage device in the distributed generation system, so as to collect and / or distribute the electrical energy converted by the power generation device and the electrical energy of the energy storage device, which is conducive to the efficient and stable operation of the power system.

[0061] For example, in the case of a distributed generation system that is a grid-connected or off-grid photovoltaic power generation system, the power generation device in this application embodiment is a photovoltaic power generation device, and the combiner box is a photovoltaic-storage combiner box. The photovoltaic-storage combiner box can be used to collect and / or distribute the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation device and the electrical energy in the energy storage device, thereby promoting the efficient and stable operation of the power system.

[0062] The grid-connected and off-grid switching device 10 in this embodiment can control the on / off state between the power grid and the load distribution device 11 to realize the switching of the distributed generation system between grid-connected mode and off-grid mode.

[0063] In one possible implementation, the off-grid switchgear 10 can control the on / off state between the grid and the load distribution device 11 according to the grid status.

[0064] For example, when the power grid is in a normal state, the grid-connected and off-grid switch device 10 can control the power grid and the load distribution device 11 to switch to a conducting state, that is, the grid-connected and off-grid switch device 10 switches to a conducting state so that the distributed generation system switches to grid-connected mode.

[0065] In another example, when the power grid is in an abnormal state, the grid-connected / off-grid switch 10 can control the power grid and the load distribution device 11 to switch to a disconnected state, that is, the grid-connected / off-grid switch 10 switches to a disconnected state so that the distributed generation system switches to off-grid mode.

[0066] In another possible implementation, the grid-connected / off-grid switchgear 10 can control the on / off state between the power grid and the load distribution device 11 according to the received control command. The control command can be sent by a user terminal or other terminals; the control command can be used to indicate the on or off state.

[0067] Of course, the on / off grid switch 10 can also control the on / off state between the power grid and the load distribution device 11 in other ways.

[0068] As can be seen, in this embodiment of the application, by integrating grid connection and off-grid switching devices and load distribution devices into the distribution box, the power distribution connection structure between the distribution box and the power grid in the distributed generation system can be simplified while realizing the grid connection and off-grid functions of the distributed generation system. This not only saves installation space and is conducive to miniaturization and intensive design, but also helps to save system installation and maintenance costs.

[0069] The load distribution device 11 in this embodiment may have the function of distributing electrical energy to the load or transmitting electrical energy to the power grid.

[0070] In one possible implementation, when the power grid and the load distribution device 11 are switched to a conducting state, the load distribution device 11 in this embodiment can distribute power to the load according to the output power of the power grid and / or the power output of the combiner box. Alternatively, the load distribution device 11 can also transmit the remaining power to the power grid in addition to distributing power to the load according to the power output of the combiner box.

[0071] In another possible implementation, when the power grid and the load distribution device 11 are switched to a disconnected state, the load distribution device 11 in this embodiment can distribute power to the load according to the power output from the combiner box.

[0072] Of course, the load distribution device 11 in this embodiment may also have other functions, such as overload and short circuit protection, power metering and monitoring, isolation and grounding protection.

[0073] In summary, the distribution box in this embodiment can include a grid-connected / off-grid switch and a load distribution device. One end of the grid-connected / off-grid switch can be connected to the external power grid, and the other end can be connected to the load distribution device. The load distribution device can also be connected to an external combiner box and an external load. The grid-connected / off-grid switch can control the on / off state between the power grid and the load distribution device, thereby enabling the distributed generation system to switch between grid-connected and off-grid modes. Therefore, in this embodiment, by integrating a grid-connected / off-grid switch and a load distribution device into the distribution box, the power distribution connection structure in the distributed generation system can be simplified while still achieving grid-connected / off-grid functionality. This not only saves installation space but also reduces system installation and maintenance costs, thereby improving the practicality and economy of the distributed generation system.

[0074] In some embodiments, the communication terminal of the grid-connected and off-grid switch device 10 in this application embodiment can also be connected to the data acquisition (gateway) device in the combiner box, so that the status of the power grid and the on / off status of the grid-connected and off-grid switch device 10 can be sent to the data acquisition device, so that the combiner box can perform subsequent information processing (e.g., information management and / or information transmission) based on the status of the power grid and / or the on / off status of the grid-connected and off-grid switch device 10.

[0075] For example, the off-grid switch device 10 and the data acquisition device in the combiner box can use the recommended standard 485 (RS485) communication method for data transmission, so that the combiner box can perform subsequent information processing, and the RS485 communication method helps to reduce costs.

[0076] Of course, other communication methods can also be used between the off-grid switch device 10 and the data acquisition device in the combiner box.

[0077] In some embodiments, the communication terminal of the grid-connected / off-grid switch device 10 in this application embodiment can also be connected to the energy storage device so that the grid status and the on / off status of the grid-connected / off-grid switch device 10 can be sent to the energy storage device, so that the energy storage device can perform subsequent processing (e.g., switching the grid-connected / off-grid operation mode, etc.) according to the grid status and / or the on / off status of the grid-connected / off-grid switch device 10.

[0078] In one possible implementation, the energy storage device 93 and the grid-connected / off-grid switchgear can use Controller Area Network (CAN) communication for data transmission.

[0079] For example, the communication cable used between the energy storage device 93 and the grid-connected switch device can be configured with a multi-core RJ45 port (e.g., an 8-core RJ45 port) so that the energy storage device and the grid-connected switch device can transmit data in real time and reliably via CAN communication.

[0080] In another possible implementation, the energy storage device 93 and the grid-connected / off-grid switchgear can use RS485 communication for data transmission.

[0081] Of course, other communication methods can also be used between the energy storage device 93 and the grid-connected / off-grid switchgear.

[0082] In some embodiments, Figure 2 The following are schematic diagrams of the distribution box provided in other embodiments of this application. The embodiments of this application provide exemplary descriptions of the relevant content of the above-mentioned grid-connected and off-grid switchgear 10. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the off-grid switch device 10 may include: a detection circuit 101, a switching circuit 102, and a control circuit 103.

[0083] In this embodiment, one end of the detection circuit 101 can be connected to the power grid to monitor the state of the power grid, and the other end of the detection circuit 101 can be connected to the control circuit 103 so that the control circuit 103 can obtain the state of the power grid from the detection circuit 101.

[0084] In one possible implementation, the detection circuit 101 can monitor the voltage and / or current of the power grid (which can be used to indicate the state of the power grid) and send the voltage and / or current of the power grid to the control circuit 103 so that the control circuit 103 can determine the state of the power grid based on the voltage and / or current of the power grid.

[0085] For example, if the voltage or current of the power grid exceeds a preset voltage range, or the current of the power grid exceeds a preset current range, the control circuit 103 can determine that the state of the power grid is abnormal.

[0086] It should be understood that when the detection circuit 101 monitors the voltage of the power grid, the detection circuit 101 in this application embodiment may include, but is not limited to, a voltage transformer; when the detection circuit 101 monitors the current of the power grid, the detection circuit 101 in this application embodiment may include, but is not limited to, a current transformer.

[0087] In another possible implementation, the detection circuit 101 can monitor the frequency of the power grid (which can be used to indicate the state of the power grid) and send the frequency of the power grid to the control circuit 103 so that the control circuit 103 can determine the state of the power grid based on the frequency of the power grid.

[0088] Of course, the detection circuit 101 can also monitor other information about the power grid so that the control circuit 103 can determine the state of the power grid based on the other information.

[0089] In this embodiment, one end of the switch circuit 102 can be connected to the power grid, and the other end of the switch circuit 102 can be connected to the load distribution device 11. The control circuit 103 can control the on / off state of the switch circuit 102 according to the state of the power grid, so as to realize the control of the on / off state between the power grid and the load distribution device 11.

[0090] It should be understood that the control terminal of the switching circuit 102 can be connected to the control circuit 103 so that the on / off state of the switching circuit 102 can be adjusted according to the control signal sent by the control circuit 103.

[0091] In one possible implementation, when the power grid is in a normal state, the control circuit 103 can control the switching circuit 102 to conduct, thereby switching the power grid and the load distribution device 11 to a conducting state, that is, the grid-connected and off-grid switching device 10 is switched to a conducting state, so that the distributed generation system switches to grid-connected mode.

[0092] In another possible implementation, when the power grid is in an abnormal state, the control circuit 103 can control the switch circuit 102 to turn off, thereby switching the control grid and the load distribution device 11 to a disconnected state, that is, the grid-connected and off-grid switch device 10 is switched to an off-grid state, so that the distributed generation system switches to off-grid mode, which is beneficial to the continuous power supply of the load and can improve the stable operation of the load.

[0093] As can be seen, the grid connection / off-grid switching device in this embodiment includes a detection circuit, a switching circuit, and a control circuit. The control circuit can control the on / off state of the switching circuit according to the grid status monitored by the detection circuit. This realizes the ability to flexibly control the on / off state between the grid and the load distribution device according to the grid status, thereby realizing the intelligent grid connection / off-grid function of the distributed generation system according to the grid status. This is beneficial to the continuous power supply of the load and can improve the stable operation of the load.

[0094] In some embodiments, the grid-connected / off-grid switch device 10 in this application may include, but is not limited to, a grid-connected / off-grid relay. Its simple structure not only saves space and reduces the footprint of the distribution box, but also facilitates maintenance and has a long service life. Furthermore, the grid-connected / off-grid relay also has electrical isolation characteristics, which helps protect the control circuit and improves the reliability of the distribution box.

[0095] In some embodiments, Figure 3 The diagram below shows the structure of a distribution box provided in other embodiments of this application. To improve the reliability of the distribution box, the grid-connected / off-grid switch device 10 in this embodiment may also integrate a bypass circuit. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the grid-connected / off-grid switch device 10 in this embodiment may also include a bypass circuit 104.

[0096] In this embodiment, one end of the bypass circuit 104 can be connected to the power grid, and the other end can be connected to the load distribution device 11. When a conductive element 105 is provided on the bypass circuit 104, both ends of the bypass circuit 104 are in a conductive state, meaning the power grid and the load distribution device 11 are switched to a conductive state. When a conductive element 105 is not provided on the bypass circuit 104, both ends of the bypass circuit 104 are in an open-circuit state.

[0097] It should be noted that the default state of the bypass circuit 104 can be in the open circuit state.

[0098] The conductive element 105 in this embodiment can be a component with conductive function. For example, the conductive element 105 can be, but is not limited to, any of the following: a short-circuit bar, a conductive sheet, a conductive spring, a conductive post, or a conductive clip.

[0099] For example, when the power grid is in a normal state and there is a fault in the detection circuit 101, switching circuit 102 or control circuit 103 in the grid-connected switch device 10, a conductive element 105 can be provided on the bypass circuit 104 to make the two ends of the bypass circuit 104 in a conductive state, so as to realize the switching between the control grid and the load distribution device 11 to a conductive state, so as to switch the distributed generation system to grid-connected mode.

[0100] For ease of understanding, the following embodiments of this application will further describe the relevant content of the bypass circuit 104.

[0101] In one possible implementation, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bypass circuit provided in some embodiments of this application, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the bypass circuit 104 in this embodiment may include an insertion mechanism 1041. One end of the insertion mechanism 1041 may be connected to the power grid, and the other end of the insertion mechanism 1041 may be connected to the load distribution device 11.

[0102] In this embodiment, when the conductive element 105 is embedded in the insertion mechanism 1041, both ends of the insertion mechanism 1041 are in a conductive state, that is, the power grid and the load distribution device 11 are switched to a conductive state; wherein, the conductive element 105 will be embedded in the insertion mechanism 1041 under the action of external force. It should be understood that the external force in this embodiment may include, but is not limited to, the external force applied to the conductive element 105 by the operator, or the external force applied to the conductive element 105 by an external component.

[0103] For example, the conductive element 105 may include, but is not limited to, any of the following: a shorting bar, a conductive sheet, or a conductive post.

[0104] It should be understood that when the conductive element 105 is not embedded in the insertion mechanism 1041, both ends of the insertion mechanism 1041 are in an open circuit state.

[0105] In this embodiment of the application, by providing an insertion mechanism 1041 in the bypass circuit 104, and the conductive member 105 being able to be embedded in the insertion mechanism 1041 to connect the two ends of the insertion mechanism 1041 in a plug-and-play manner, the bypass function can be realized conveniently and quickly, which is beneficial to improving the reliability of the distribution box. Moreover, the structure is simple, which is also beneficial to saving the space occupied and cost of the distribution box.

[0106] In some embodiments, the insertion mechanism 1041 in this application embodiment may have a groove structure, and the conductor 105 may have a contour structure. The contour structure of the conductor 105 matches the groove structure of the insertion mechanism 1041 (for example, the insertion mechanism 1041 may include a preset keyhole structure, and the conductor 105 may include a preset key structure that matches the preset keyhole structure). This allows the conductor 105 to be fitted into the insertion mechanism 1041 under external force. However, any other mechanism that does not match the groove structure of the insertion mechanism 1041 cannot be fitted into the insertion mechanism 1041, thereby preventing accidental insertion and short-circuit faults. This not only helps ensure the stable operation of the power system but also helps meet insulation requirements, effectively preventing current leakage and the risk of electric shock to operators.

[0107] In another possible implementation, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bypass circuit provided in other embodiments of this application, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the bypass circuit 104 in this embodiment may include a first conductive contact 1042 and a second conductive contact 1043. The first conductive contact 1042 may be connected to the power grid, and the second conductive contact 1043 may be connected to the load distribution device 11.

[0108] In this embodiment of the application, when a conductive element 105 is provided between the first conductive contact 1042 and the second conductive contact 1043, the first conductive contact 1042 and the second conductive contact 1043 are in a conductive state, that is, the power grid and the load distribution device 11 are switched to a conductive state.

[0109] For example, the conductive element 105 may include, but is not limited to, any of the following: a shorting bar, a conductive sheet, a conductive spring, or a conductive post.

[0110] It should be understood that when no conductive element 105 is provided between the first conductive contact 1042 and the second conductive contact 1043, the two ends of the insertion mechanism 1041 are in an open circuit state.

[0111] Of course, the bypass circuit 104 in this embodiment can also adopt other structures.

[0112] In summary, in this embodiment of the application, by integrating a bypass circuit into the grid-connected and off-grid switchgear, there is no need to set up an external bypass switch. This not only improves the reliability of the distribution box, but also further saves the space and cost of the distribution box.

[0113] In some embodiments, in order to ensure the safety of the operation of the conductive element 105, the conductive element 105 of this application embodiment can be reinforced by cold pressing, which can ensure the insulation performance of the insulation layer, and make the electrical clearance between the live body and the operator meet the safety standards, thereby effectively preventing the risk of electric shock to the operator.

[0114] For example, methods to strengthen insulation may include, but are not limited to, using double insulation, using high-voltage and high-temperature resistant insulation materials, and increasing the thickness of the insulation layer.

[0115] In some embodiments, Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a distribution box provided in other embodiments of this application, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the grid-connected / off-grid switchgear 10 of this application embodiment may further include: a digital input interface 106 and / or a digital output interface 107. Figure 6 The on-grid and off-grid switchgear 10, including a digital input interface 106 and a digital output interface 107, is shown as an example.

[0116] In this embodiment, one end of the digital input interface 106 can be connected to an external first device, and the other end of the digital input interface 106 can be connected to the control circuit 103, so that the control circuit 103 can receive digital signals from the external first device through the digital input interface 106, thereby enabling status monitoring, etc.

[0117] In this embodiment, one end of the digital output interface 107 can be connected to the control circuit 103, and the other end of the digital output interface 107 can be connected to an external second device, so that the control circuit 103 can output digital signals to the external second device through the digital output interface 107, thereby realizing the control of the external second device, etc.

[0118] It should be understood that the first device and the second device involved in the embodiments of this application may be the same device or different devices.

[0119] As can be seen, in this embodiment of the application, by setting digital input interfaces and / or digital output interfaces in the grid-connected and off-grid switchgear, it is convenient to realize the status detection and control of external devices, which is conducive to further improving the stability and security of the power system.

[0120] In some embodiments, Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a distribution box provided in other embodiments of this application, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the distribution box in this embodiment may further include a main circuit breaker device 12.

[0121] In this embodiment, one end of the main circuit breaker 12 can be connected to the power grid, and the other end of the main circuit breaker 12 can be connected to the grid-connected / off-grid switch 10. Specifically, when the main circuit breaker 12 is in the ON state, the power grid and the grid-connected / off-grid switch 10 are in a ON state; when the main circuit breaker 12 is in the OFF state, the power grid and the grid-connected / off-grid switch 10 are in an OFF state.

[0122] It should be noted that the default state of the main circuit breaker 12 can be the conducting state.

[0123] For example, the main circuit breaker 12 may include, but is not limited to, a circuit breaker or a switch.

[0124] As can be seen, by setting a main circuit breaker in the distribution box in this embodiment, the system can be switched to an open state in the event of a fault (e.g., short circuit, overload, undervoltage and / or leakage), which helps to further improve the safety of the power system.

[0125] In some embodiments, Figure 8 The diagram below illustrates the structure of a distribution box provided in other embodiments of this application. Based on the above embodiments, this application further describes the overall structure of the distribution box. Figure 8 As shown, the distribution box in this embodiment may include: a grid-connected / off-grid switch device 10, a load distribution device 11, and a main circuit breaker device 12. One end of the main circuit breaker device 12 can be connected to the power grid, and the other end of the main circuit breaker device 12 can be connected to one end of the grid-connected / off-grid switch device 10. The other end of the grid-connected / off-grid switch device 10 can be connected to the load distribution device 11, and the load distribution device 11 can also be connected to an external combiner box and an external load, respectively.

[0126] For example, the off-grid switching device 10 may include: a detection circuit 101, a switching circuit 102, a control circuit 103, a bypass circuit 104, a conducting element 105, a digital input interface 106, and a digital output interface 107.

[0127] The detection circuit 101 can be connected to the power grid at one end to monitor its state, and to the control circuit 103 at the other end, so that the control circuit 103 can obtain the power grid state from the detection circuit 101. The switching circuit 102 can be connected to the main circuit breaker 12 at one end and to the load distribution device 11 at the other end. The control circuit 103 can control the on / off state of the switching circuit 102 according to the power grid state, thereby controlling the on / off state between the power grid and the load distribution device 11.

[0128] One end of the bypass circuit 104 can be connected to the main circuit breaker 12, and the other end of the bypass circuit 104 can be connected to the load distribution device 11. When a conductive element 105 is provided on the bypass circuit 104, both ends of the bypass circuit 104 are in a conductive state; when a conductive element 105 is not provided on the bypass circuit 104, both ends of the bypass circuit 104 are in a disconnected state.

[0129] One end of the digital input interface 106 can be connected to an external first device, and the other end of the digital input interface 106 can be connected to the control circuit 103.

[0130] In this embodiment, one end of the digital output interface 107 can be connected to the control circuit 103, and the other end of the digital output interface 107 can be connected to an external second device.

[0131] It should be noted that the implementation methods of the distribution box can refer to the relevant content in the above-mentioned distribution box embodiments of this application. The implementation principle and technical effect are similar, and will not be repeated here.

[0132] In some embodiments, Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a distributed generation system provided in some embodiments of this application, such as... Figure 9 As shown, the distributed generation system of this application embodiment may include: a combiner box 90, a distribution box 91, a power generation device 92, and an energy storage device 93.

[0133] In this embodiment, the combiner box 90 can be connected to the power generation device 92 and the energy storage device 93 respectively. The power generation device 92 can be used to convert primary energy into electrical energy; the energy storage device 93 can be used to store the electrical energy converted by the power generation device 92.

[0134] The combiner box 90 of this application embodiment can be used to collect and / or distribute the electrical energy converted by the power generation device 92 and the electrical energy of the energy storage device 93, which is beneficial to the efficient and stable operation of the power system.

[0135] For example, when the distributed generation system is a photovoltaic power generation system, the power generation device 92 in this application embodiment can be a photovoltaic power generation device, and the combiner box 90 can be a photovoltaic-storage combiner box.

[0136] For example, photovoltaic power generation devices may include, but are not limited to: photovoltaic arrays and / or inverters; energy storage devices 93 may include, but are not limited to: battery banks and / or power conversion systems (PCS).

[0137] In this embodiment, one end of the distribution box 91 can be connected to an external power grid. The distribution box 91 can also be connected to the combiner box 90 and / or an external load, so that the distribution box 91 can distribute power to the load according to the output power of the power grid and / or the output power of the combiner box. Alternatively, the distribution box 91 can distribute power to the load according to the output power of the combiner box, and can also transmit the remaining power to the power grid.

[0138] It should be noted that the implementation of the distribution box 91 can refer to the relevant content in any of the above-mentioned distribution box embodiments of this application. The implementation principle and technical effect are similar, and will not be repeated here.

[0139] In some embodiments, the combiner box 90 in this application can also be connected to the power grid via a current transformer (CT) or a meter so that the current or power of the power grid can be monitored.

[0140] In some embodiments, Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a distributed generation system provided in other embodiments of this application, such as... Figure 10 As shown, the combiner box 90 in this embodiment may include, but is not limited to, a data acquisition device 901. The data acquisition device 901 may be connected to the energy storage device 93 to facilitate data transmission between the combiner box 90 and the energy storage device 93.

[0141] In some embodiments, the data acquisition device 901 and the energy storage device 93 can use CAN communication for data transmission. For example, the communication cable used between the data acquisition device 901 and the energy storage device 93 can be configured with a multi-core RJ45 port (e.g., an 8-core RJ45 port, etc.).

[0142] In this embodiment, real-time and reliable data transmission can be achieved between the data acquisition device and the energy storage device via CAN communication, which is beneficial to improving the communication efficiency of the power system.

[0143] In some embodiments, the data acquisition device 901 is also connected to the communication terminal of the grid-connected and off-grid switch device in the distribution box 91, so that the grid-connected and off-grid switch device can send the grid status and the on / off status of the grid-connected and off-grid switch device to the data acquisition device 901, so that the combiner box can perform subsequent information processing based on the grid status and / or the on / off status of the grid-connected and off-grid switch device.

[0144] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 93 can also be connected to the communication terminal of the grid-connected and off-grid switch device in the distribution box 91, so that the grid-connected and off-grid switch device can send the grid status and the on / off status of the grid-connected and off-grid switch device to the energy storage device 93, so that the energy storage device 93 can perform subsequent processing according to the grid status and / or the on / off status of the grid-connected and off-grid switch device.

[0145] In some embodiments, Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a distributed generation system provided in other embodiments of this application. Based on the above embodiments, this application takes a grid-connected and off-grid photovoltaic power generation system as an example, with the power generation device 92 being a photovoltaic power generation device and the combiner box 90 being a photovoltaic-storage combiner box, to further describe the structure of the distributed generation system. Figure 11 As shown, the distributed generation system of this application embodiment may include: a photovoltaic-storage combiner box 90, a distribution box 91, a photovoltaic power generation device 92, and an energy storage device 93.

[0146] For example, the distribution box 91 may include: a grid-connected / off-grid switch device 10, a load distribution device 11, and a main circuit breaker device 12. The grid-connected / off-grid switch device 10 may include, but is not limited to, a bypass circuit 104.

[0147] One end of the main circuit breaker 12 can be connected to the power grid, and the other end of the main circuit breaker 12 can be connected to one end of the grid connection / off-grid switch 10. The other end of the grid connection / off-grid switch 10 can be connected to the load distribution device 11. The load distribution device 11 can also be connected to the photovoltaic-storage combiner box 90 and external loads, respectively. The photovoltaic-storage combiner box 90 can also be connected to the photovoltaic power generation device 92 and the energy storage device 93.

[0148] The communication terminal of the grid-connected / off-grid switchgear 10 can also be connected to the data acquisition device 901 and the energy storage device 93 in the photovoltaic-storage combiner box 90. For example, data transmission between the communication terminal of the grid-connected / off-grid switchgear 10 and the data acquisition device 901 in the photovoltaic-storage combiner box 90 can be performed using RS485 communication, and data transmission between the communication terminal of the grid-connected / off-grid switchgear 10 and the energy storage device 93 can also be performed using RS485 communication.

[0149] The data acquisition device 901 can be connected to the energy storage device 93. For example, the data acquisition device 901 and the energy storage device 93 can use CAN communication to transmit data.

[0150] In some embodiments, the optical storage combiner box 90 can also be connected to a CT94 or an electricity meter ( Figure 11 (As illustrated by a CT) It is connected to the power grid so that the current or power of the power grid can be monitored.

[0151] It should be noted that the implementation of the distribution box 91 can refer to the relevant content in any of the above-mentioned distribution box embodiments of this application. The implementation principle and technical effect are similar, and will not be repeated here.

[0152] It should be understood that the above embodiments of this application are described using single-phase electricity as an example. The above embodiments can also be applied to multi-phase electricity, and their implementation principles and technical effects are similar, so they will not be repeated here.

[0153] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0154] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A distribution box, characterized in that, The distribution box includes: a grid-connected and off-grid switchgear (10) and a load distribution device (11). One end of the grid-connected switch device (10) is connected to the external power grid, and the other end of the grid-connected switch device (10) is connected to the load distribution device (11). The load distribution device (11) is also connected to an external combiner box and / or an external load. The grid-connected switch device (10) can control the on / off state between the power grid and the load distribution device (11).

2. The distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grid-connected and off-grid switching device (10) includes: a detection circuit (101), a switching circuit (102), and a control circuit (103); wherein, one end of the detection circuit (101) is connected to the power grid to monitor the state of the power grid, and the other end of the detection circuit (101) is connected to the control circuit (103), and the control circuit (103) can obtain the state of the power grid from the detection circuit (101); One end of the switching circuit (102) is connected to the power grid, and the other end of the switching circuit (102) is connected to the load distribution device (11). The control circuit (103) can control the on / off state of the switching circuit (102) according to the state of the power grid.

3. The distribution box according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the power grid is in a normal state, the control circuit (103) controls the switching circuit (102) to turn on; or, When the power grid is in an abnormal state, the control circuit (103) controls the switching circuit (102) to shut down.

4. The distribution box according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The grid-connected / off-grid switch device (10) is a grid-connected / off-grid relay.

5. The distribution box according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The grid-connected and off-grid switchgear (10) includes a bypass circuit (104); wherein one end of the bypass circuit (104) is connected to the power grid, and the other end of the bypass circuit (104) is connected to the load distribution device (11); When a conductive element (105) is provided on the bypass circuit (104), both ends of the bypass circuit (104) are in a conductive state; when the conductive element (105) is not provided on the bypass circuit (104), both ends of the bypass circuit (104) are in a disconnected state.

6. The distribution box according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bypass circuit (104) includes an insertion mechanism (1041), one end of which is connected to the power grid and the other end of which is connected to the load distribution device (11). When the conductive element (105) is embedded in the insertion mechanism (1041), both ends of the insertion mechanism (1041) are in a conductive state; when the conductive element (105) is subjected to external force, it will be embedded in the insertion mechanism (1041).

7. The distribution box according to claim 6, characterized in that, The insertion mechanism (1041) has a groove structure, and the guide (105) has a contour structure. The contour structure of the guide (105) matches the groove structure of the insertion mechanism (1041).

8. The distribution box according to claim 7, characterized in that, The insertion mechanism (1041) includes a preset keyhole structure, and the guide (105) includes a preset key structure that matches the preset keyhole structure.

9. The distribution box according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The grid-connected and off-grid switch device (10) includes: a digital input interface (106) and / or a digital output interface (107); wherein, one end of the digital input interface (106) is connected to an external first device, and the other end of the digital input interface (106) is connected to the control circuit (103); One end of the digital output interface (107) is connected to the control circuit (103), and the other end of the digital output interface (107) is connected to an external second device.

10. The distribution box according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The communication terminal of the grid-connected switch device (10) is connected to the data acquisition device in the combiner box; wherein, the grid-connected switch device and the data acquisition device use RS485 communication to transmit data.

11. The distribution box according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The distribution box also includes: a main circuit breaker (12); One end of the main circuit breaker (12) is connected to the power grid, and the other end of the main circuit breaker (12) is connected to the grid-connected and off-grid switch (10).

12. The distribution box according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The combiner box is a photovoltaic-storage combiner box.

13. A distributed generation system, characterized in that, The distributed generation system includes: a combiner box (90), a distribution box (91) as described in any one of claims 1-12, a power generation device (92), and an energy storage device (93); wherein, one end of the distribution box (91) is connected to an external power grid, and the distribution box (91) is also connected to the combiner box (90) and / or an external load; the combiner box (90) is also connected to the power generation device (92) and the energy storage device (93).

14. The distributed generation system according to claim 13, characterized in that, The junction box (90) includes a data acquisition device (901), which is connected to the energy storage device (93); wherein the data acquisition device (901) and the energy storage device (93) transmit data using CAN communication.

15. The distributed generation system according to claim 14, characterized in that, The communication cable between the data acquisition device (901) and the energy storage device (93) includes a multi-core RJ45 port.

16. The distributed generation system according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that, The data acquisition device (901) is also connected to the communication terminal of the grid-connected and off-grid switch device in the distribution box (91); wherein the grid-connected and off-grid switch device and the data acquisition device use RS485 communication method for data transmission.

17. The distributed generation system according to any one of claims 13-15, characterized in that, The energy storage device (93) is also connected to the communication terminal of the grid-connected and off-grid switch device in the distribution box (91); wherein the energy storage device (93) and the grid-connected and off-grid switch device transmit data using CAN communication or RS485 communication.

18. The distributed generation system according to any one of claims 13-15, characterized in that, The junction box (90) is also connected to the power grid via a current transformer (94) or a meter.

19. The distributed generation system according to any one of claims 13-15, characterized in that, The combiner box (90) is a photovoltaic-storage combiner box, and the power generation device (92) is a photovoltaic power generation device.

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