Tailings filling structure for strong rock blasting damage area repair

Abstract

The utility model relates to a tail sand filling structure for strong rock blast damage area repair, its characterized in that: including being located in the roadway surrounding rock and rock blast damage area inside a plurality of support anchor rods, grouting anchor rod and partition, the first end of grouting anchor rod and support anchor rod all are fixed in the bedrock of roadway surrounding rock and rock blast damage area, the partition that is set up interval on grouting anchor rod and support anchor rod is covered with a plurality of, with the roadway surrounding rock and rock blast damage area is divided into first partition area, second partition area and third partition area, first partition area, second partition area and third partition area in respectively grouting have slurry to form tail sand filling layer, transition buffer layer and surface protection layer, this tail sand filling structure for strong rock blast damage area repair reasonable in design can realize the repair of rock blast damage area and improve the mine safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a tailings backfilling structure for the repair of areas damaged by strong rockbursts. Background Technology

[0002] Rockburst is a common and highly destructive geological hazard during underground space development, such as underground mining and tunnel engineering. As underground engineering extends deeper, the complex geological conditions of high ground stress and great burial depth significantly increase the frequency of rockbursts. Rockbursts originate from the sudden release of elastic strain energy accumulated in the rock mass, leading to localized or large-scale collapse and ejection of the surrounding rock. After a rockburst, a distinct "V-groove" damage appears on the surface of the surrounding rock. This damage not only disrupts the original stress balance of the surrounding rock but also creates stress concentration zones, resulting in a significant decrease in the structural stability of the surrounding rock. Studies have shown that the stress concentration coefficient at the "V-groove" damage site can be 3-5 times that of normal surrounding rock, seriously threatening the construction and operational safety of underground engineering projects.

[0003] Currently, the common treatment for rockburst damage areas employs simple support techniques, such as bolt anchoring and shotcrete reinforcement. Bolt anchoring connects unstable rock masses to deeper stable rock masses through anchoring, while shotcrete forms a protective layer on the surrounding rock surface. However, these traditional support methods merely reinforce the surface of the surrounding rock and cannot effectively fill the "V-groove" damaged areas, making it difficult to fundamentally restore the integrity of the surrounding rock. In actual engineering, bolt anchoring often suffers from insufficient anchoring force due to rock fragmentation within the "V-groove," and shotcrete also suffers from uneven thickness and poor adhesion due to the irregular shape of the "V-groove." The residual "V-groove" damage continues to weaken the surrounding rock strength, not only increasing the risk of recurring rockbursts but also potentially leading to uneven stress on the support structure, resulting in deformation, cracking, or even failure. Furthermore, unfilled damaged areas can become channels for groundwater seepage, further deteriorating the mechanical properties of the surrounding rock and accelerating its degradation process. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an efficient and reliable repair technology and device to solve the problem of repairing rockburst-damaged areas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a tailings backfilling structure for the repair of areas damaged by strong rockbursts. This tailings backfilling structure for the repair of areas damaged by strong rockbursts is reasonably designed and can realize the repair of rockburst-damaged areas and improve mine safety.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] This utility model relates to a tailings backfilling structure for repairing areas damaged by strong rockbursts. Its features include: several support anchors, grouting anchors, and partition plates installed in the surrounding rock and rockburst damage area of ​​the roadway. The first ends of the grouting anchors and support anchors are fixed in the bedrock of the surrounding rock and rockburst damage area. Multiple partition plates are spaced apart on the grouting anchors and support anchors to divide the surrounding rock and rockburst damage area into a first partition zone, a second partition zone, and a third partition zone. Grout is injected into the first partition zone, the second partition zone, and the third partition zone to form a tailings backfilling layer, a transition buffer layer, and a surface protective layer, respectively.

[0007] Furthermore, the aforementioned grouting anchors and support anchors are installed along the depth direction of the surrounding rock and rockburst damage area of ​​the roadway, with the grouting anchors positioned at the center and the support anchors being multiple and evenly distributed in a circumferential array around the outer periphery of the grouting anchors.

[0008] Furthermore, the second end of the aforementioned grouting anchor extends beyond the surrounding rock and rockburst damage area of ​​the roadway, and three grouting holes corresponding to the first, second, and third partition zones are provided along the length of the grouting anchor. Three grouting pipes connected to the grouting holes are threaded through the grouting anchor, and the grouting pipes are connected to the grouting pump.

[0009] Furthermore, the aforementioned partition plate is vertically fixed to the grouting anchor bolt and the support anchor bolt.

[0010] Furthermore, the outermost partition plate of the aforementioned grouting anchor is threaded with a fastening nut to seal the third partition zone.

[0011] Furthermore, a monitoring system is installed in the aforementioned third partition zone.

[0012] Furthermore, the thicknesses of the aforementioned tailings filling layer, transition buffer layer, and surface protective layer are 100-200 mm, 50-100 mm, and 20-50 mm, respectively.

[0013] This invention relates to a construction method for tailings backfilling structures used in the repair of areas damaged by severe rockbursts. First, a detailed on-site investigation of the rockburst area was conducted, assessing the degree of rock mass damage, fissure development, and stress distribution. This revealed that the invention is well-suited for repairing the rockburst-damaged area. Subsequently, the rockburst-damaged area was cleaned and leveled, removing loose rock fragments to provide a smooth foundation for the subsequent backfill layer.

[0014] The filling thicknesses of the tailings backfill layer, transition buffer layer, and surface protective layer were determined to be 200 mm, 100 mm, and 50 mm, respectively. Next, support anchors and grouting anchors were installed in the rockburst-damaged area to provide initial mechanical support and prevent further rock collapse. Separator plates were installed on the support anchors and grouting anchors to ensure that the filling materials from different layers did not mix during deposition. Then, the grouting pump was started, and the prepared filling grout was injected sequentially into the first, second, and third separation zones through the grouting pipes. After filling, the filling body underwent necessary curing, such as water spraying to promote the solidification and strength development of the filling material.

[0015] Advantages of the tailings backfill structure of this utility model for repairing areas damaged by strong rockbursts:

[0016] 1. Significant repair effect: The multi-layer composite filling structure effectively repairs the rockburst damage area. Each layer works together, with the reinforcement and support layer providing support, the buffer and isolation layer absorbing energy, and the sealing and protective layer preventing erosion and secondary damage.

[0017] 2. High efficiency in tailings resource utilization: Mine tailings can be used as backfill material to reduce emissions, lower tailings dam costs, and achieve resource utilization, resulting in both environmental and economic benefits.

[0018] 3. High adaptability: The filling parameters can be adjusted according to the geological conditions of the mine and the degree of rockburst damage. It is widely applicable and can be used in different mine restoration projects.

[0019] This invention enables rapid and efficient repair of rockburst-damaged areas, while also making full use of mine tailings resources, reducing mining costs, and improving mine safety. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the surrounding rock and rockburst damage area in the tunnel;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the central partition plate, support anchor bolts, and grouting anchor bolts. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0025] The tailings filling structure for repairing areas damaged by strong rockbursts of this utility model includes several support anchors 6, grouting anchors 7 and partition plates 9 installed in the surrounding rock and rockburst damage area 1 of the roadway. The surrounding rock and rockburst damage area 1 is a groove-shaped pit, which is usually on the side wall or top wall of the roadway.

[0026] The first ends of the grouting anchor 7 and the support anchor 6 are fixed in the bedrock 01 of the surrounding rock and rockburst damage area of ​​the roadway. The fixing of the first ends of the grouting anchor 7 and the support anchor 6 can be the anchoring of the expansion head. Multiple spaced partition plates 9 are fitted on the grouting anchor and the support anchor to divide the surrounding rock and rockburst damage area of ​​the roadway into a first partition zone, a second partition zone and a third partition zone. Grout is injected into the first partition zone, the second partition zone and the third partition zone respectively to form a tailings filling layer 3, a transition buffer layer 4 and a surface protective layer 5 after the grout solidifies.

[0027] Specifically, the grouting anchor 7 and the support anchor 6 are set along the depth direction of the surrounding rock and rockburst damage area of ​​the roadway, with the grouting anchor 7 set in the center and the support anchor 6 having multiple anchors arranged in a circumferential array around the outer periphery of the grouting anchor.

[0028] The partition plate can be vertically fixed to the grouting anchors and support anchors. That is, the partition plate has through holes for the grouting anchors 7 and support anchors 6 to pass through. The through holes are fitted with the grouting anchors 7 or support anchors 6 (to prevent grout from overflowing through the holes). Nuts or limit pins are provided on both sides of the partition plate on the grouting anchors 7 and support anchors 6 for axial limiting. At the same time, the outermost partition plate of the grouting anchor has a threaded fastening nut, which can be used to close the third partition zone.

[0029] The second end of the grouting anchor 7 extends beyond the surrounding rock and rockburst damage area 1 of the roadway. Three grouting holes 8 are provided along the length of the grouting anchor, corresponding to the first, second, and third partition zones. Three grouting pipes are connected to the grouting anchor and are respectively connected to the grouting holes. The grouting pipe 11 connected to the first partition zone is the tailings filling layer grouting pipe 12 connected to the second partition zone is the transition buffer layer grouting pipe 12 connected to the third partition zone is the surface protection layer grouting pipe 13 connected to the third partition zone. The three grouting pipes are connected to the grouting pump 14, and different grouts are injected through the three grouting pipes.

[0030] The thicknesses of the tailings backfill layer, the transition buffer layer, and the surface protective layer can be 100-200 mm, 50-100 mm, and 20-50 mm, respectively.

[0031] Monitoring systems can be installed in the first, second, and third partition zones. These real-time monitoring systems are non-essential components and are existing equipment. Their specific structure and working principle will not be elaborated upon. They mainly include sensors 15 and monitoring instruments 16. Sensors 15 can be micro-vibration sensors, stress sensors, and displacement sensors, etc. They are mainly used to monitor the stability of the rock mass and ensure the safety and quality of the filling process.

[0032] This utility model provides a detailed description of a tailings backfill structure for the repair of areas damaged by strong rockbursts.

[0033] 1. Assessment of rockburst damage area

[0034] A detailed field investigation was conducted in the rockburst area to assess the degree of rock mass damage, fracture development, and stress distribution. Based on the assessment results, the thickness and location of each layer were determined.

[0035] 2. Filling structure

[0036] The rockburst-damaged area was cleared and leveled, and loose rock fragments were removed to form bedrock treatment layer 2 (which is a non-solid layer), providing a relatively flat foundation for the subsequent filling layer;

[0037] Tailings backfill layer 3: It is composed of high-concentration tailings paste and cementing materials (such as cement, fly ash, etc.), with a thickness of 100-200 mm, providing the main support for the repair structure;

[0038] Transition buffer layer 4: Located to the right of tailings backfill layer 3, it is made of medium-concentration tailings slurry mixed with a small amount of flexible materials (such as rubber particles, expanded polystyrene board particles, etc.), with a thickness of 50-100 mm, and is used to absorb residual energy of rockburst and adapt to minor deformation of rock mass.

[0039] Surface protective layer 5: Located on the right side of the transition buffer layer, it is made of low-concentration tailings slurry and curing agent, with a thickness of 20-50 mm. It seals cracks, prevents moisture loss, and isolates the surface from external environmental erosion.

[0040] The composition and proportion of the tailings backfill layer 3, the transition buffer layer 4, and the surface protective layer 5 are existing conventional technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0041] 3. Installation of filling device

[0042] Support anchor 6 and grouting anchor 7: Support anchors and grouting anchors are installed in the rockburst damage area. The first end of the support anchor and grouting anchor is fixed in the rock to provide initial mechanical support and prevent further collapse of the rock mass.

[0043] Separator 9: A separator is installed inside the filling structure. The separator can be made of wood or plastic to ensure that the filling materials of each layer do not mix during the deposition process.

[0044] Each grouting pipe is connected to the tailings filling layer, the transition buffer layer, and the surface protective layer, respectively, and is used to accurately deliver filling grout with different proportions to each filling layer.

[0045] 4. Filling process

[0046] Start the grouting pump 14 and inject the prepared filling grout into each layer sequentially through the grouting pipe. First, inject the filling grout for the tailings filling layer. After it has solidified and stabilized, inject the filling grout for the transition buffer layer and the surface protective layer.

[0047] During the filling process, the stability of the rock mass can be monitored by a real-time monitoring system (this real-time monitoring system is a non-essential component and is existing equipment; its specific structure and working principle will not be elaborated here; it mainly includes sensors 15 and monitoring instruments 16; sensors 15 can be micro-seismic sensors, stress sensors, and displacement sensors, etc.) to ensure the safety and quality of the filling process.

[0048] 5. Maintenance and Monitoring

[0049] After filling is completed, the filled body should be properly cured, such as by spraying water to keep it moist, in order to promote the curing and strength increase of the filling material.

[0050] During the solidification of the filling material, the stability of the rock mass can be continuously monitored, including microseismic activity, stress changes and displacement (existing technology, the specific working principle will not be elaborated), to ensure the filling effect and the long-term stability of the rock mass.

[0051] Advantages of the tailings backfill structure of this utility model for repairing areas damaged by strong rockbursts:

[0052] 1. Significant repair effect: The multi-layer composite filling structure effectively repairs the rockburst damage area. Each layer works together, with the reinforcement and support layer providing support, the buffer and isolation layer absorbing energy, and the sealing and protective layer preventing erosion and secondary damage.

[0053] 2. High efficiency in tailings resource utilization: Mine tailings can be used as backfill material to reduce emissions, lower tailings dam costs, and achieve resource utilization, resulting in both environmental and economic benefits.

[0054] 3. High adaptability: The filling parameters can be adjusted according to the geological conditions of the mine and the degree of rockburst damage. It is widely applicable and can be used in different mine restoration projects.

[0055] This invention enables rapid and efficient repair of rockburst-damaged areas, while also making full use of mine tailings resources, reducing mining costs, and improving mine safety.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. Without departing from the principle of the present utility model, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A tailings backfill structure for the repair of areas damaged by strong rockbursts, characterized in that: The system includes several support anchors, grouting anchors, and partition plates installed in the surrounding rock and rockburst damage area of ​​the roadway. The first ends of the grouting anchors and support anchors are fixed in the bedrock of the surrounding rock and rockburst damage area. Multiple partition plates are fitted on the grouting anchors and support anchors at intervals to divide the surrounding rock and rockburst damage area of ​​the roadway into a first partition zone, a second partition zone, and a third partition zone. Grout is injected into the first partition zone, the second partition zone, and the third partition zone to form a tailings filling layer, a transition buffer layer, and a surface protective layer, respectively.

2. The tailings backfilling structure for the repair of areas damaged by strong rockbursts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grouting anchors and support anchors are set along the depth direction of the surrounding rock and rockburst damage area of ​​the roadway, with the grouting anchors set at the center and the support anchors having multiple anchors arranged in a circumferential array around the outer periphery of the grouting anchors.

3. The tailings backfilling structure for the repair of areas damaged by strong rockbursts according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The second end of the grouting anchor extends beyond the surrounding rock and rockburst damage area of ​​the roadway, and three grouting holes corresponding to the first, second and third partition zones are provided along the length of the grouting anchor. Three grouting pipes connected to the grouting holes are threaded through the grouting anchor and are connected to the grouting pump.

4. The tailings backfilling structure for the repair of areas damaged by strong rockbursts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The partition plate is vertically fixed to the grouting anchor and the support anchor.

5. The tailings backfilling structure for the repair of areas damaged by strong rockbursts according to claim 4, characterized in that: The grouting anchor has a fastening nut threaded on the outermost partition plate to seal the third partition area.

6. The tailings backfilling structure for the repair of areas damaged by strong rockbursts according to claim 1, characterized in that: Monitoring systems are installed in the first, second, and third partitions.

7. The tailings backfilling structure for the repair of areas damaged by strong rockbursts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thicknesses of the tailings filling layer, the transition buffer layer, and the surface protective layer are 100-200 mm, 50-100 mm, and 20-50 mm, respectively.

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