Antenna structure and mobile terminal

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and discloses especially an antenna structure and a mobile terminal, the mobile terminal comprises a shell, the antenna structure comprises an antenna and a telescopic driving assembly, the antenna is at least partially arranged in the shell, the antenna comprises a dielectric body, at least one group of spiral radiation arms and an antenna circuit board, the dielectric body extends along the height direction of the antenna, the at least one group of spiral radiation arms spirally wind around the side surface of the dielectric body along the height direction of the antenna, the antenna circuit board is arranged at one end of the dielectric body, the antenna circuit board is located in the shell, the antenna circuit board is electrically connected with the at least one group of spiral radiation arms, the telescopic driving assembly is arranged in the shell, and the telescopic driving assembly is used for driving the antenna to at least partially extend out of the shell or retract into the shell along the height direction of the antenna. The antenna structure realizes the function that the antenna can extend out of the shell or retract into the shell through the telescopic driving assembly, not only effectively avoids the problem that the fixed antenna is easily interfered and shielded in the mobile phone, but also improves the communication quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to an antenna structure and a mobile terminal. Background Technology

[0002] To meet people's communication needs in various scenarios, especially in specific situations such as remote areas, oceans, and deserts where there is no terrestrial network coverage, satellite communication technology has developed rapidly in recent years. Among these technologies, a mobile phone satellite antenna is a specially designed antenna for communication between a mobile phone and a satellite. It is primarily used to overcome the limitations of terrestrial base stations and provide emergency communication, short messages, and positioning services in specific scenarios without cellular network coverage. Currently, mobile phone satellite antennas are typically integrated into the mobile phone itself.

[0003] In implementing the embodiments of this application, the inventors discovered that satellite antennas fixed inside mobile phones are easily interfered with and blocked by the phone casing, internal circuit boards, and other components, thereby affecting the quality of satellite communication. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above problems, embodiments of this application provide an antenna structure and a mobile terminal that overcome or at least partially solve the above problems.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, one technical solution adopted in this application is: to provide an antenna structure applied to a mobile terminal, wherein the mobile terminal includes a housing, the antenna structure includes an antenna and a telescopic drive assembly, the antenna is at least partially disposed within the housing, the antenna includes a dielectric body, at least one set of helical radiating arms and an antenna circuit board, the dielectric body extends along the height direction of the antenna, at least one set of helical radiating arms is helically wound around the side of the dielectric body along the height direction of the antenna, the antenna circuit board is disposed at one end of the dielectric body, the antenna circuit board is located within the housing, the antenna circuit board is electrically connected to the at least one set of helical radiating arms, and the telescopic drive assembly is disposed within the housing, the telescopic drive assembly being used to drive the antenna to at least partially extend or retract into the housing along the height direction of the antenna.

[0006] In some embodiments, the number of spiral radiating arms is four groups, the four groups of spiral radiating arms are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the medium, the current amplitude of the four groups of spiral radiating arms is equal, and the phase of the feed is 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° respectively.

[0007] In some embodiments, a set of helical radiating arms includes a first helical radiating arm and a second helical radiating arm, the first helical radiating arm and the second helical radiating arm are arranged circumferentially spaced along the medium, and the lengths of the first helical radiating arm and the second helical radiating arm are different.

[0008] In some embodiments, the length of the first helical radiating arm is one-quarter wavelength of the first center frequency, and the length of the second helical radiating arm is one-quarter wavelength of the second center frequency.

[0009] In some embodiments, in a group of spiral radiating arms, one end of the first spiral radiating arm and one end of the second spiral radiating arm are connected to the same feed point of the antenna circuit board.

[0010] In some embodiments, the number of spiral turns of the at least one set of spiral radiating arms is N / 4, where N is an odd number.

[0011] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional projections of the dielectric body overlap along the height direction of the antenna, and the cross-section of the dielectric body is rectangular, elliptical, or circular.

[0012] In some embodiments, the telescopic drive assembly includes a slider, a pull rod, and an elastic element. The slider is movable along the height direction of the antenna and is connected to the antenna. The slider is provided with a first slot and a second slot that are connected to each other. One end of the elastic element is fixed to the housing, and the other end of the elastic element is connected to the slider. One end of the pull rod is hinged to the housing, and the other end of the pull rod is slidable between the first slot and the second slot. When the other end of the pull rod is located in the first slot, the elastic element is in a compressed state, and the slider drives the antenna to retract at least partially into the housing. When the other end of the pull rod slides from the first slot to the second slot, the elastic element provides an elastic restoring force to the slider, causing the slider to drive the antenna to extend at least partially out of the housing along the height direction of the antenna.

[0013] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, another technical solution adopted in this application is: to provide a mobile terminal, including a housing and the above-mentioned antenna structure, wherein the antenna structure is disposed in the housing, and the antenna can be driven by the telescopic drive assembly to at least partially extend or retract into the housing along the height direction of the antenna.

[0014] In some embodiments, the mobile terminal further includes a main circuit board disposed within the housing, and the main circuit board is electrically connected to the antenna circuit board via a cable.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this application embodiment are as follows: Unlike existing technologies, this application embodiment provides an antenna structure and a mobile terminal. The antenna structure is applied to a mobile terminal, which includes a housing. The antenna structure includes an antenna and a telescopic drive assembly. The antenna is at least partially disposed within the housing. The antenna includes a dielectric body, at least one set of helical radiating arms, and an antenna circuit board. The dielectric body extends along the height direction of the antenna. At least one set of helical radiating arms is helically wound around the side of the dielectric body along the height direction of the antenna. The antenna circuit board is disposed at one end of the dielectric body and is located within the housing. The antenna circuit board is electrically connected to the at least one set of helical radiating arms. The telescopic drive assembly is disposed within the housing and is used to drive the antenna to at least partially extend or retract into the housing along the height direction of the antenna. Through this method, the antenna structure 100, via the telescopic drive assembly, enables the antenna to flexibly extend or retract into the mobile terminal housing according to actual communication needs. This not only effectively avoids the problem of interference and obstruction of fixed antennas inside the mobile phone but also improves communication quality. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure and housing provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0019] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0020] Figure 4 This is an example of an antenna structure provided in the embodiments of this application. S Parameter simulation results;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a simulation result diagram of the efficiency of the antenna structure example provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a vertical plane simulation result diagram of the antenna structure example provided in the embodiments of this application at a frequency of 2G and an azimuth angle PHi = 90°;

[0023] Figure 7This is an example of an antenna structure provided in this application at a 2G frequency and an azimuth angle PHi = 0°.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a simulation result of the non-circularity of the antenna structure example provided in this application at a 2G frequency with Theta=90° horizontal plane;

[0025] Figure 9 The simulation results of the antenna structure example provided in this application at a frequency of 2.2 GHz and an azimuth angle PHi = 0° on a horizontal plane are as follows;

[0026] Figure 10 This is a simulation result diagram of the antenna structure example provided in this application at a frequency of 2.2G and an azimuth angle PHi = 90° in the vertical plane;

[0027] Figure 11 This is a simulation result of the non-circularity of the antenna structure example provided in this application at a frequency of 2.2 GHz and a horizontal plane with Theta = 90°.

[0028] Figure 12 This is a simulation result diagram of the axial ratio of an antenna structure example provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 13 This is a perspective view of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 14 This is an exploded view of the mobile terminal provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more detailed description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. When an element is described as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this specification are for illustrative purposes only.

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. The term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0033] Please see Figure 1The antenna structure 100 includes an antenna 1 and a telescopic drive assembly 2. The antenna 1 is at least partially disposed within the housing 3 of the mobile terminal 200. The telescopic drive assembly 2 is used to drive the antenna 1 to extend or retract at least partially into the housing 3 along the height direction of the antenna 1.

[0034] Regarding antenna 1 described above, please refer to some embodiments. Figure 2 Antenna 1 includes a dielectric body 11, at least one set of helical radiating arms 12, and an antenna circuit board 13. The dielectric body 11 extends along the height direction of antenna 1, and the at least one set of helical radiating arms 12 is helically wound around the side of the dielectric body 11 along the height direction of antenna 1. The antenna circuit board 13 is disposed at one end of the dielectric body 11 and is located inside the housing 3. The antenna circuit board 13 is electrically connected to the at least one set of helical radiating arms 12. The antenna circuit board 13 is provided with a feed network for providing excitation signals to the at least one set of helical radiating arms 12.

[0035] In some embodiments, antenna 1 is a circularly polarized antenna 1, with at least one set of helical radiating arms 12 and a feeding network matched to achieve circularly polarized radiation characteristics. Circular polarization improves the communication capability and stability of antenna 1 and reduces inter-polarization loss.

[0036] In some embodiments, antenna 1 is an S-band (2-4 GHz) satellite antenna.

[0037] In some embodiments, at least one set of spiral radiating arms 12 has N / 4 spiral turns, where N is an odd number. At least one set of spiral radiating arms 12 are spirally wound from one end of the medium body 11 to the other end in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction.

[0038] In some examples, at least one set of spiral radiating arms 12 has a spiral count of 5 / 4, where N=5. This achieves a larger front-to-back ratio and a wider elevation coverage for antenna 1, which is beneficial for improving the reliability and efficiency of satellite communications.

[0039] In some embodiments, the spiral radiating arm 12 is printed on the medium 11.

[0040] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 There are four sets of spiral radiating arms 12, which are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the dielectric body 11. The current amplitude of the four sets of spiral radiating arms 12 is equal, and the phase of the feed is 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° respectively, thus forming a circularly polarized radiation field.

[0041] In some embodiments, four sets of spiral radiating arms 12 are equidistantly arranged along the circumference of the medium 11, which improves the uniformity of the radiation direction of the antenna 1, reduces the pattern distortion, and enhances the omnidirectional radiation performance of the antenna 1 in the horizontal plane.

[0042] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 A set of helical radiating arms 12 includes a first helical radiating arm 121 and a second helical radiating arm 122. The first helical radiating arm 121 and the second helical radiating arm 122 are arranged circumferentially along the dielectric body 11. The lengths of the first helical radiating arm 121 and the second helical radiating arm 122 are different, thereby realizing the dual-band characteristics of the antenna 1. Specifically, four first helical radiating arms 121 are used to achieve resonance in the 2170-2200MHz frequency band, and four second helical radiating arms 122 are used to achieve resonance in the 1980-2010MHz frequency band.

[0043] In some embodiments, the length of the first helical radiating arm 121 is one-quarter wavelength of the first center frequency, and the length of the second helical radiating arm 122 is one-quarter wavelength of the second center frequency.

[0044] In some embodiments, in a set of spiral radiating arms 12, one end of the first spiral radiating arm 121 and one end of the second spiral radiating arm 122 are connected to the same feed point of the antenna circuit board 13, so as to simplify the feed network structure, reduce loss and reflection in the signal transmission path, and improve the overall efficiency of the antenna 1.

[0045] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 Along the height direction of antenna 1, the cross-sectional projections of dielectric body 11 all overlap. The cross-section of dielectric body 11 can be any shape, such as rectangular, elliptical, or circular. Preferably, the cross-section of dielectric body 11 is circular to enhance the circular polarization radiation effect.

[0046] In some embodiments, the dielectric body 11 is made of a material with high dielectric constant and low loss. Preferably, the dielectric body 11 is a ceramic body.

[0047] In some embodiments, the antenna circuit board 13 includes a board body and a feed network. The board body is disposed at one end of the dielectric body 11, and the feed network is printed on the board body. Along the height direction of the antenna 1, the projection of the board body overlaps with the projection of the dielectric body 11, making the overall shape of the antenna 1 more consistent and helping to save space.

[0048] In some embodiments, the telescopic drive assembly 2 includes a slider, a pull rod, and an elastic element. The slider can move along the height direction of the antenna 1. The slider is connected to the antenna 1. The slider is provided with a first slot and a second slot that are connected. One end of the elastic element is fixed to the outer shell 3, and the other end of the elastic element is connected to the slider. One end of the pull rod is hinged to the outer shell 3, and the other end of the pull rod can slide between the first slot and the second slot.

[0049] When the other end of the lever is in the first slot, the elastic element is compressed, and the slider causes the antenna 1 to retract at least partially into the housing 3. When the other end of the lever slides from the first slot to the second slot, the elastic element provides elastic restoring force to the slider, causing the slider to cause the antenna 1 to extend at least partially out of the housing 3 along the height direction of the antenna 1. This allows the antenna 1 to extend out of the housing 3 when needed to enhance signal reception or transmission capabilities, and to retract into the housing 3 when not in use to save space and protect the antenna 1 from external damage. It also improves the portability and durability of the mobile terminal 200.

[0050] In some examples, when the other end of the lever is in the first slot, the entire antenna 1 is inside the housing 3; when the other end of the lever is in the second slot, the height of the portion of the antenna 1 extending into the housing 3 is the preset maximum height.

[0051] In some embodiments, the telescopic drive assembly 2 further includes a button and a transmission component. The button is disposed on the surface of the housing 3, and the button is connected to the pull rod via the transmission component. When the user presses the button, the button drives the pull rod to rotate around its hinge point via the transmission component, causing the other end of the pull rod to slide from the second slot back to the first slot. At this time, the elastic element is compressed and stores energy, and the antenna 1 retracts into the housing 3. When the user presses the button again or releases the force, the pull rod automatically returns to the position of the second slot under the restoring force of the elastic element and the cooperation of the transmission component. The elastic element releases energy to push the slider to extend the antenna 1. The telescopic state of the antenna 1 is switched by a single press, which is convenient to operate and has a self-locking function, reducing the risk of accidental extension or retraction of the antenna 1 due to accidental touch.

[0052] To facilitate understanding, this application also provides a simulation example of the antenna structure 100. The antenna 1 is approximately an elliptical cylinder with dimensions of 10mm x 5mm x 60mm. The antenna 1 extends 50mm beyond the outer casing 3. The antenna 1 includes four sets of spiral radiating arms 12. Each set of spiral radiating arms 12 includes a first spiral radiating arm 121 and a second spiral radiating arm 122. The spiral radiating arms 12 have 5 / 4 turns. The length of the first spiral radiating arm 121 is one-quarter of the wavelength of the first center frequency, and the length of the second spiral radiating arm 122 is one-quarter of the wavelength of the second center frequency.

[0053] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4This is an example of the antenna structure 100 described above. S The simulation results show that the return loss of antenna structure 100 is less than -9.1dB, indicating that antenna 1 has good return loss characteristics, which is beneficial to the stable transmission of signals.

[0054] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 5 The figure shows the efficiency simulation results of the antenna structure 100 example. The efficiency of the antenna structure 100 is greater than 51%, indicating that the antenna 1 has high efficiency and can achieve signal transmission over a longer distance during communication, while effectively reducing transmission power consumption.

[0055] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7 , Figure 6 This is a simulation result diagram of the vertical plane at a frequency of 2G and an azimuth angle PHi = 90° for the above antenna structure 100 example. Figure 7 These are the simulation results of the aforementioned antenna structure 100 example on a horizontal plane at a frequency of 2G and an azimuth angle PHi = 0°. Figure 6 It can be seen that antenna 1 has a 3dB beamwidth of 85° in the vertical plane, and a gain of 2.25dBi. From... Figure 7 It can be seen that the 3dB beamwidth of antenna 1 in the horizontal plane is 87.8°, and the gain is 2.26dBi. This indicates that the antenna structure 100 has a wide beamwidth at the 2G frequency, which can achieve wide coverage over a large area.

[0056] Please see Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a simulation result of the non-circularity of the antenna structure 100 example in the 2G frequency (Theta=90°) horizontal plane. As shown in the figure, the non-circularity of antenna 1 in the 2G frequency horizontal plane is 4.1dB, indicating that the radiation characteristics of antenna 1 in the 2G frequency horizontal direction are close to circular, which can achieve coverage without dead zones and reduce signal blind spots.

[0057] Please see Figure 9 and Figure 10 , Figure 9 This is a simulation result diagram of the above antenna structure 100 example on a horizontal plane at a frequency of 2.2 GHz and an azimuth angle PHi = 0°. Figure 10 This is a simulation result diagram of the antenna structure 100 example in the vertical plane at a frequency of 2.2 GHz and an azimuth angle PHi = 90°. (From...) Figure 9 It can be seen that the 3dB beamwidth in the horizontal plane reaches 175°, with a gain of 1.5dBi. From... Figure 10It can be seen that the 3dB beamwidth of antenna 1 in the vertical plane is 104.8°, and the gain is 1.43dBi. This indicates that antenna 1 has a wide beamwidth at the 2.2G frequency point, which can achieve wide coverage over a large area.

[0058] Please see Figure 11 , Figure 11 The figure shows the simulation results of the non-circularity of the antenna structure 100 example at 2.2 GHz and Theta = 90° in the horizontal plane. As can be seen from the figure, the non-circularity of the antenna 1 in the horizontal plane at 2.2 GHz is 2.4 dB, indicating that the radiation characteristics of the antenna 1 in the horizontal direction at 2.2 GHz are close to an ideal circle, which can achieve all-round coverage without dead zones and reduce signal blind spots.

[0059] Please see Figure 12 , Figure 12 The figure shows the simulation results of the axial ratio of the antenna structure 100 example. As can be seen from the figure, the simulated axial ratio of antenna 1 is less than 8.2dB.

[0060] In this embodiment, the antenna structure 100, through the telescopic drive component 2, enables the antenna 1 to flexibly extend or retract the mobile terminal 200 housing 3 according to actual communication needs. This not only effectively avoids the problem of the fixed antenna 1 being easily interfered with and blocked inside the mobile phone, but also improves the quality of satellite communication.

[0061] This application also provides 200 embodiments of a mobile terminal; please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 13 and Figure 14 The mobile terminal 200 housing 3 includes the antenna structure 100 described above. The structure and function of the antenna structure 100 can be found in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here. The antenna structure 100 is disposed within the housing 3, and the antenna 1 is at least partially disposed within the housing 3. The antenna 1 can be driven by the telescopic drive assembly 2 to extend or retract at least partially into the housing 3 along the height direction of the antenna 1.

[0062] In some embodiments, the housing 3 is provided with an opening 31, which matches the structure of the antenna 1. The opening 31 is used for the antenna 1 to enter and exit the housing 3 along the opening 31.

[0063] In some embodiments, the mobile terminal 200 further includes a main circuit board 4, which is disposed inside the housing 3. The main circuit board 4 is electrically connected to the antenna circuit board 13 via a cable 5, thereby improving the connection stability between the antenna 1 and the main circuit board 4 during the telescopic movement.

[0064] In some embodiments, both the antenna circuit board 13 and the main circuit board 4 are printed with cable connectors, and the two ends of the cable are respectively connected to the cable connector of the antenna circuit board 13 and the cable connector of the main circuit board 4 to realize the electrical connection between the antenna circuit board 13 and the main circuit board 4.

[0065] In some embodiments, the mobile terminal 200 is a mobile phone.

[0066] It should be noted that while preferred embodiments of this application are provided in the specification and accompanying drawings, this application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are not intended to impose additional limitations on the content of this application; their purpose is to provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the disclosure of this application. Furthermore, the above-described technical features can be combined with each other to form various embodiments not listed above, all of which are considered to be within the scope of this specification. Moreover, those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An antenna structure applied to a mobile terminal, the mobile terminal including a housing, characterized in that, include: An antenna, at least partially disposed within the housing, includes a dielectric body, at least one set of helical radiating arms, and an antenna circuit board. The dielectric body extends along the height direction of the antenna, and at least one set of helical radiating arms is helically wound around the side of the dielectric body along the height direction of the antenna. The antenna circuit board is disposed at one end of the dielectric body and is located within the housing. The antenna circuit board is electrically connected to the at least one set of helical radiating arms. A telescopic drive assembly is disposed in the housing, the telescopic drive assembly being used to drive the antenna to extend or retract at least partially into the housing along the height direction of the antenna.

2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of spiral radiating arms is four sets, and the four sets of spiral radiating arms are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the medium. The current amplitude of the four sets of spiral radiating arms is equal, and the phase of the feed is 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° respectively.

3. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that... , A set of spiral radiating arms includes a first spiral radiating arm and a second spiral radiating arm, which are arranged circumferentially along the medium body. The lengths of the first spiral radiating arm and the second spiral radiating arm are different.

4. The antenna structure according to claim 3, characterized in that... , The length of the first helical radiating arm is one-quarter of the wavelength of the first center frequency, and the length of the second helical radiating arm is one-quarter of the wavelength of the second center frequency.

5. The antenna structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, In a set of spiral radiating arms, one end of the first spiral radiating arm and one end of the second spiral radiating arm are connected to the same feed point of the antenna circuit board.

6. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The number of spiral turns of the at least one set of spiral radiating arms is N / 4, where N is an odd number.

7. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Along the height direction of the antenna, the cross-sectional projections of the dielectric body overlap, and the cross-section of the dielectric body is rectangular, elliptical, or circular.

8. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The telescopic drive assembly includes a slider, a pull rod, and an elastic element. The slider can move along the height direction of the antenna and is connected to the antenna. The slider is provided with a first slot and a second slot that are connected to each other. One end of the elastic element is fixed to the outer shell, and the other end of the elastic element is connected to the slider. One end of the pull rod is hinged to the outer shell, and the other end of the pull rod can slide between the first slot and the second slot. When the other end of the pull rod is located in the first slot, the elastic element is in a compressed state, and the slider drives the antenna to retract at least partially into the housing. When the other end of the pull rod slides from the first slot to the second slot, the elastic element provides elastic restoring force to the slider, so that the slider drives the antenna to extend at least partially out of the housing along the height direction of the antenna.

9. A mobile terminal, characterized in that, Includes the housing and the antenna structure as described in any one of claims 1-8. The antenna structure is disposed in the housing, and the antenna can be driven by the telescopic drive assembly to extend or retract at least partially into the housing along the height direction of the antenna.

10. The mobile terminal according to claim 9, characterized in that, The mobile terminal also includes a main circuit board, which is disposed inside the housing and is electrically connected to the antenna circuit board via a cable.

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