A bio-substrate raw material crushing device

Abstract

The utility model relates to biological base material raw material crushing technical field discloses a kind of biological base material raw material crushing devices, comprising: rack;Fixedly installed on the motor of the rack;Fixedly installed on the transmission wheel one of the motor output shaft;With the transmission wheel two of transmission wheel one drive connection;With the transmission wheel three of transmission wheel two drive connection;And fixedly installed on the conveying bin of rack, crushing bin;The air exhaust mechanism that the raw material in conveying bin, crushing bin is dried is carried out.The utility model in the present application, by starting the air heater through air pipe one, connector to conveying bin inside heat exhaust, drying is carried out, simultaneously by air inlet piece to the air exhaust drying in crushing bin, and adjust the discharge position of discharge port to the discharge position of feed inlet, avoid raw material accumulation in feed inlet, affect the conveying of raw material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of biomaterial raw material pulverization technology, specifically to a biomaterial raw material pulverization device. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing global emphasis on sustainable development and the circular economy, biomaterials, represented by agricultural waste (such as straw and nutshells), forestry residues (such as sawdust and branches), energy crops (such as switchgrass and miscanthus), and some food processing byproducts, are becoming key raw materials for replacing fossil resources and producing bioenergy (solid fuels, biogas, bioethanol), bio-based materials (composite materials, packaging materials), high-value-added chemicals, and animal feed due to their wide availability, renewability, and carbon neutrality (or low carbon) characteristics. However, the natural fibrous structure, lignin cross-linking, and irregular geometry of these biomaterials make efficient, homogeneous, and low-energy-consumption pulverization pretreatment an indispensable and highly challenging key step in subsequent conversion and utilization processes. Currently, the pulverization of biomaterials mainly relies on various mechanical pulverizing equipment, such as hammer mills, blade mills, disc mills, and ball mills. However, when pulverizing these biomaterials, the moisture content of straw and branches is greatly affected by the environment. When the ambient humidity is high, the straw and branches have high moisture content, which increases their stickiness and makes them easy to stick to the pulverizing equipment, making them difficult to feed.

[0003] Patent application number CN202420909209.9 discloses a straw crusher, including a frame, which is a frame structure. A pair of crushing rollers are rotatably mounted on the frame. The upper crushing roller is provided with an adjustment mechanism to adjust the distance between it and the lower crushing roller. The adjustment mechanism includes fixed plates on the front and rear sides of the frame. Each fixed plate has a groove on its upper part, and a sliding plate is slidably mounted in each groove. A slider is provided on the inner side of each sliding plate, and a screw is threadedly connected to each slider. A first motor is provided on the outer side of each screw. This utility model realizes quick and convenient adjustment of the distance between the two crushing rollers through the adjustment mechanism, which is convenient for cutting materials of different thicknesses and different degrees of crushing. It can realize multiple non-separate cutting operations with one crusher, which greatly saves production costs and improves cutting efficiency.

[0004] However, the patent still cannot handle the bio-based material raw materials that adhere to the crushing equipment when the humidity is high.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new technical solution to overcome the above-mentioned defects. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a biological substrate raw material pulverizing device that can effectively solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0007] To achieve the purpose of this utility model, the following technical solution is adopted: including: a frame; a motor fixedly installed on the frame; a first transmission wheel fixedly installed on the output shaft of the motor; a second transmission wheel connected to the first transmission wheel; a third transmission wheel connected to the second transmission wheel; and a conveying chamber and a crushing chamber fixedly installed on the frame; and an exhaust mechanism for drying the raw materials in the conveying chamber and the crushing chamber. The exhaust mechanism includes: a hot air blower; an air pipe connected to the hot air blower; a connector connected to the air pipe; and an air inlet; the connector is connected to the conveying chamber.

[0008] Furthermore, the air intake component comprises: an air pipe two connected to the hot air blower; a piston cylinder connected to the air pipe two; an air pipe three connected to the piston cylinder; a rotating shaft rotatably mounted on the piston cylinder; a fan blade fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft; a guide groove formed on the rotating shaft; a guide block slidably mounted on the guide groove; a top block fixedly mounted on the guide block; and a guide plate fixedly mounted on the top block.

[0009] Furthermore, the piston cylinder is fixedly installed on the grinding chamber; the air pipe is connected to the grinding chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, the top block is slidably connected to the rotating shaft; a sliding groove is provided on the top block; a locking block is fixedly installed on the piston cylinder; the locking block cooperates with the sliding.

[0011] Furthermore, the conveying chamber is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet; the crushing chamber is provided with a discharge outlet and a discharge outlet.

[0012] Furthermore, a conveyor shaft is fixedly installed on the second transmission wheel; a spiral conveyor blade is fixedly installed on the conveyor shaft; a tilting plate is fixedly installed on the conveyor shaft; and the conveyor shaft is rotatably connected to the conveyor bin.

[0013] Furthermore, a crushing shaft is fixedly installed on the transmission wheel three, and a crushing blade is fixedly installed on the crushing shaft; a sprocket one is fixedly installed on the crushing shaft; a chain is meshed on the sprocket one; a sprocket two is meshed on the chain; a cutting shaft is fixedly installed on the sprocket two; and a cutting blade is fixedly installed on the cutting shaft.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a biological substrate raw material crushing device, which dries the raw material by starting a hot air blower and exhausting hot air into the conveying chamber through an air pipe and connector. At the same time, it dries the raw material by exhausting air into the crushing chamber through an air inlet and adjusting the discharge position of the discharge port to the feed port to avoid the raw material from accumulating at the feed port and affecting the conveying of the raw material. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a biomaterial raw material pulverizing device according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a biomaterial raw material pulverizing device according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a two-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a biomaterial raw material pulverizing device according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the air inlet structure of a biomaterial raw material pulverizing device according to the present invention; Figure 5 This utility model relates to a biological substrate raw material pulverizing device. Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 6 This utility model relates to a biological substrate raw material pulverizing device. Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point B.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Motor; 3. Drive wheel one; 4. Drive wheel two; 41. Conveyor shaft; 42. Spiral conveyor blades; 43. Tilting plate; 5. Drive wheel three; 51. Crushing shaft; 52. Crushing blade; 53. Sprocket one; 54. Chain; 55. Sprocket two; 56. Cutting shaft; 57. Cutting blade; 6. Conveying bin; 61. Feed inlet; 62. Discharge outlet; 7. Crushing bin; 71. Discharge port; 72. Discharge port; 8. Exhaust mechanism; 81. Air pipe one; 82. Connector; 83. Air inlet; 831. Air pipe two; 832. Piston cylinder; 8321. Clamping block; 833. Air pipe three; 834. Rotating shaft; 835. Fan blade; 836. Guide groove; 837. Guide block; 838. Top block; 839. Slide groove; 8391. Guide plate. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of this utility model, but not all embodiments.

[0019] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "lateral," "longitudinal," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "upper," "lower," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. When a mechanism is referred to as being "fixed to" another mechanism, it can be directly on the other mechanism or there may be an intervening mechanism. When a mechanism is considered to be "connected" to another mechanism, it can be directly connected to the other mechanism or there may be an intervening mechanism at the same time. When a mechanism is considered to be "set on" another mechanism, it can be directly set on the other mechanism or there may be an intervening mechanism at the same time. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this utility model discloses a biological substrate raw material crushing device, comprising: a frame 1; a motor 2 fixedly mounted on the frame 1; a transmission wheel 3 fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the motor 2; a transmission wheel 4 driven by the transmission wheel 3; a transmission wheel 5 driven by the transmission wheel 4; a conveying chamber 6 and a crushing chamber 7 fixedly mounted on the frame 1; and an exhaust mechanism 8 for drying the raw materials in the conveying chamber 6 and the crushing chamber 7. In this application, the motor 2 drives the transmission wheel 4 to rotate through the transmission wheel 3, which in turn drives the transmission wheel 5 to rotate, thereby crushing and conveying the bio-based material raw materials (straw, branches). During the crushing and conveying process, the exhaust mechanism 8 dries the raw materials to prevent them from sticking to the inner walls of the conveying chamber 6 and the crushing chamber 7, which would affect the feeding.

[0021] Specifically, the conveying chamber 6 is provided with an inlet 61 and an outlet 62; the crushing chamber 7 is provided with a discharge port 71 and a discharge port 72. The raw material enters the crushing chamber 7 through the discharge port 71, and after being crushed, it enters the conveying chamber 6 through the discharge port 72 and the inlet 61. In the conveying chamber 6, the raw material is conveyed to the discharge port 62 and finally falls out through the discharge port 62 (a ton bag needs to be placed manually at the discharge port 62 to collect the raw material discharged from the discharge port 62), thus completing the crushing and collection of the biological substrate raw material.

[0022] Another point to note is that while the raw materials are being conveyed in the conveying chamber 6, the exhaust system 8 simultaneously dries the raw materials, ensuring the drying time and thus the drying effect.

[0023] The specific structure for conveying raw materials is as follows: a conveying shaft 41 is fixedly installed on the second transmission wheel 4; a spiral conveying blade 42 is fixedly installed on the conveying shaft 41; a turning plate 43 is fixedly installed on the conveying shaft 41; the conveying shaft 41 is rotatably connected to the conveying bin 6. When the motor 2 drives the first transmission wheel 3 to rotate, and drives the second transmission wheel 4 to rotate via the belt, it synchronously drives the conveying shaft 41 to rotate. The conveying shaft 41 conveys the raw materials through the spiral conveying blade 42, and the turning plate 43 turns the raw materials during the conveying process, so that the exhaust assembly can dry the raw materials more evenly, avoiding the accumulation of raw materials and the phenomenon of surface dryness and internal damp heat.

[0024] The specific structure for crushing raw materials is as follows: a crushing shaft 51 is fixedly installed on the third transmission wheel 5, and a crushing blade 52 is fixedly installed on the crushing shaft 51. When the second transmission wheel 4 rotates, it drives the third transmission wheel 5 to rotate through belt transmission. At this time, the third transmission wheel 5 drives the crushing shaft 51 to rotate, causing the crushing shaft 51 to drive the crushing blade 52 to rotate, thereby crushing the raw materials. However, relying solely on the crushing blade 52 to crush the raw materials (straw, branches) results in a low crushing effect. The crushing shaft 51 of this application is fixedly installed with... There is a sprocket 53; a chain 54 is meshed on the sprocket 53; a second sprocket 55 is meshed on the chain 54; a cutting shaft 56 is fixedly installed on the second sprocket 55; a cutting blade 57 is fixedly installed on the cutting shaft 56. The crushing shaft 51 drives the second sprocket 55 to rotate through the sprocket 53 and the chain 54, so that the second sprocket 55 drives the cutting shaft 56 to rotate, which in turn drives the cutting blade 57 to cut the raw material. The raw material after being cut is then crushed by the crushing blade 52, resulting in a good crushing effect.

[0025] The exhaust mechanism 8 includes: a hot air blower; an air pipe 81 connected to the hot air blower; a connector 82 connected to the air pipe 81; and an air inlet 83. The connector 82 is connected to the conveying chamber 6. During drying, the hot air blower is started to exhaust hot air into the conveying chamber 6 through the air pipe 81 and the connector 82 for drying. At the same time, air is exhausted into the crushing chamber 7 for drying through the air inlet 83. The discharge position of the discharge port 72 is adjusted to the discharge position at the feed port 61 to avoid the raw materials from accumulating at the feed port 61 and affecting the conveying of the raw materials.

[0026] Specifically, the air intake component 83 comprises: a second air pipe 831 connected to the hot air blower; a piston cylinder 832 connected to the second air pipe 831; a third air pipe 833 connected to the piston cylinder 832; a rotating shaft 834 rotatably mounted on the piston cylinder 832; and a component fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 834. The system comprises: a fan blade 835; a guide groove 836 formed on the rotating shaft 834; a guide block 837 slidably mounted on the guide groove 836; a top block 838 fixedly mounted on the guide block 837; and a guide plate 8391 fixedly mounted on the top block 838. The piston cylinder 832 is fixedly mounted on the crushing chamber 7. The air pipe 833 is connected to the crushing chamber 7. The top block 838 is slidably connected to the rotating shaft 834. A sliding groove 839 is formed on the top block 838. A locking block 8321 is fixedly mounted on the piston cylinder. The locking block 8321 is in cooperation with the sliding mechanism, and the guide plate 8391 is slidably connected to the crushing chamber 7.

[0027] The hot air blower sends hot air into the piston cylinder 832 through the second air pipe 831, and then into the crushing chamber 7 through the third air pipe 833 to dry the raw materials. At the same time, when the hot air enters the piston cylinder 832, the fan blades 835 drive the rotating shaft 834 to rotate. The rotating shaft 834 drives the top block 838 to slide out of the piston cylinder 832 through the cooperation of the guide block 837 and the guide groove 836, and at the same time drives the guide plate 8391 to move, so that the raw materials are guided and discharged, resulting in better discharge effect.

[0028] It should be noted that when the top block 838 moves, it slides on the surface of the locking block 8321 via the sliding groove 839. The limiting effect of the slider and the locking block 8321 prevents the top block 838 from rotating during movement, which would affect the guiding effect of the guide plate 8391.

[0029] It should be noted that the guide groove 836 is composed of two sets of threaded grooves that are coaxially opened on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 834, have the same pitch, opposite direction, and are interconnected. When the hot air drives the rotating shaft 834 to rotate through the fan blade 835, it can drive the top block 838 to move back and forth in the piston cylinder 832, which is beneficial to improving the material guiding effect.

[0030] Finally, two sets of air inlets 83 are symmetrically arranged around the center line of the discharge port 72. The two sets of air inlets 83 blow air into the crushing chamber 7 from both sides, which can improve the uniformity of drying of raw materials in the crushing chamber 7. In addition, the two sets of guide plates 8391 have a better guiding effect on the raw materials.

[0031] Working principle: In operation, motor 2 is started first to drive transmission wheel 3 to rotate. Then, the raw material is put into the crushing chamber 7 through the feed port 71. At this time, transmission wheel 3 drives transmission wheel 4 and transmission wheel 5 to rotate. When transmission wheel 5 rotates, it drives the crushing shaft 51 to rotate, which in turn drives the crushing blade 52 to rotate, thereby crushing the raw material. Through sprocket 53 and chain 54, sprocket 2 55 is driven to rotate, which in turn drives the cutting shaft 56 to rotate, thereby driving the cutting blade 57 to cut the raw material. After being cut, the raw material is crushed by the crushing blade 52. After crushing, it enters the conveying chamber 6 through the discharge port 72 and the feed port 61. When transmission wheel 4 rotates, it drives the conveying shaft 41 to rotate. The conveying shaft 41 carries the raw material falling into the conveying chamber 6 through the spiral conveying blade 42. During the conveying process, the material is turned over by the tipping plate 43. Finally, the raw material in the conveying chamber 6 falls out through the discharge port 62, completing the crushing of the biological substrate raw material.

[0032] When the raw materials need to be dried, the hot air blower is started and hot air is discharged into the conveying chamber 6 through air pipe 81 and connector 82 for drying. At the same time, the hot air is sent into the piston cylinder 832 through air pipe 831, and then into the crushing chamber 7 through air pipe 833 to dry the raw materials. When the hot air enters the piston cylinder 832, the fan blade 835 drives the rotating shaft 834 to rotate. The rotating shaft 834 drives the top block 838 to slide out of the piston cylinder 832 through the cooperation of the guide block 837 and the guide groove 836, and at the same time drives the guide plate 8391 to move, so that the raw materials are guided and discharged, avoiding the accumulation of raw materials and improving the discharge effect.

[0033] All standard parts used in this utility model can be purchased from the market, and irregular parts can be customized according to the description and drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional methods such as bolts, rivets, and welding that are mature in the prior art. The machinery, parts and equipment adopt conventional models in the prior art. In addition, the circuit connection adopts conventional connection methods in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here. The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0034] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A biological substrate raw material pulverizing device, characterized in that, include: frame; A motor fixedly mounted on the frame; a first transmission wheel fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the motor; a second transmission wheel connected to the first transmission wheel; a third transmission wheel connected to the second transmission wheel; a conveying bin and a crushing bin fixedly mounted on the frame; and an exhaust mechanism for drying the raw materials in the conveying bin and the crushing bin. The exhaust mechanism includes: a hot air blower; an air pipe connected to the hot air blower; a connector connected to the air pipe; and an air inlet; the connector is connected to the conveying chamber.

2. The biomaterial raw material pulverizing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The air intake component consists of: a second air pipe connected to the hot air blower; a piston cylinder connected to the second air pipe; a third air pipe connected to the piston cylinder; a rotating shaft rotatably mounted on the piston cylinder; fan blades fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft; a guide groove formed on the rotating shaft; a guide block slidably mounted on the guide groove; a top block fixedly mounted on the guide block; and a guide plate fixedly mounted on the top block.

3. The biomaterial raw material pulverizing device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The piston cylinder is fixedly installed on the crushing chamber; the air pipe is connected to the crushing chamber.

4. The biomaterial raw material pulverizing device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The top block is slidably connected to the rotating shaft; a sliding groove is provided on the top block; a locking block is fixedly installed on the piston cylinder; the locking block cooperates with the sliding block.

5. The biomaterial raw material pulverizing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying chamber is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet; the crushing chamber is provided with a discharge outlet and a discharge outlet.

6. The biomaterial raw material pulverizing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A conveyor shaft is fixedly installed on the second transmission wheel; a spiral conveyor blade is fixedly installed on the conveyor shaft; a tipping plate is fixedly installed on the conveyor shaft; and the conveyor shaft is rotatably connected to the conveyor bin.

7. The biomaterial raw material pulverizing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A crushing shaft is fixedly mounted on the transmission wheel three, and a crushing blade is fixedly mounted on the crushing shaft; a sprocket one is fixedly mounted on the crushing shaft; a chain is meshed on the sprocket one; a sprocket two is meshed on the chain; a cutting shaft is fixedly mounted on the sprocket two; and a cutting blade is fixedly mounted on the cutting shaft.

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