Antenna structure and electronic device

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to an antenna structure and an electronic device. The antenna structure comprises: a first radiator, which is a floating stub and has two ends respectively used for forming a slot, the first radiator comprising a first upper frame point and a second upper frame point; a first feed, which is electrically connected to the first upper frame point; and a first switch, one end of which is grounded and the other end of which is directly electrically connected to the second upper frame point; wherein when the first switch is switched to a conduction state, the first radiator is configured as an IFA antenna, and when the first switch is switched to a disconnection state, the first radiator is configured as a T antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of terminal technology, and in particular to an antenna structure and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, electronic devices are trending towards extreme thinness and lightness, which requires an increased number of antennas, making antenna placement particularly challenging. Therefore, the integration of antennas has become a key research focus. Utility Model Content

[0003] This disclosure provides an antenna structure and electronic device to address the shortcomings of related technologies.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, an antenna structure is provided, comprising:

[0005] The first radiator is a suspended branch with its two ends used to form a fracture. The first radiator includes a first upper frame point and a second upper frame point.

[0006] The first power supply is electrically connected to the first upper frame point;

[0007] The first switch has one end grounded and the other end directly electrically connected to the second upper frame point;

[0008] When the first switch is switched to the ON state, the first radiator is constructed as an IFA antenna; when the first switch is switched to the OFF state, the first radiator is constructed as a T antenna.

[0009] Optionally, it also includes a matching circuit, which is connected between the first upper frame point and the first power supply;

[0010] Wherein, when the first radiator is constructed as an IFA antenna, the matching state of the matching circuit is different from the matching state of the matching circuit when the first radiator is constructed as a T antenna.

[0011] Optionally, the matching circuit includes:

[0012] Second switch;

[0013] The third switch;

[0014] The fourth switch, the third switch, and the second switch are connected in parallel to the first upper frame point;

[0015] A first capacitor is connected in series with the second switch, and the other end of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the first power supply.

[0016] The second capacitor is connected in series with the third switch, and the third switch switches the grounding state of the second capacitor;

[0017] A first inductor is connected in series with the fourth switch, and the fourth switch switches the grounding state of the first inductor.

[0018] Wherein, when the first radiator is constructed as an IFA antenna, the fourth switch is closed and the second and third switches are both open; when the first radiator is constructed as a T antenna, the fourth switch is open and the second and third switches are both closed.

[0019] Optionally, when the first radiator is constructed as an IFA antenna, it operates in the N78 band and / or the GPS L5 band; when the first radiator is constructed as a T antenna, it operates in the BeiDou RX band.

[0020] Optional, also includes:

[0021] The second radiator has a grounded rib at one end and a first gap formed by cooperating with the first radiator at the other end. The second radiator includes a third upper frame point.

[0022] The second feed is electrically connected to the third upper frame point, and the second feed excites the second radiator to cover at least one mid-to-high frequency band.

[0023] Optionally, the second radiator operates in any medium-to-high frequency band;

[0024] When the first switch is closed, the branch between the second upper frame point and the end of the first radiator forming the first slit is regarded as a parasitic branch, and the resonant frequency of the parasitic branch is greater than 2.7 GHz.

[0025] Optionally, a fifth switch is also included, one end of which is grounded and the other end is directly connected to the third upper frame point;

[0026] When the first radiator operates in the second frequency band, the fifth switch is closed, and the parasitic resonant frequency of the second radiator is greater than the maximum frequency of the second frequency band.

[0027] Optional, also includes:

[0028] The third radiator has a grounded rib at one end, and includes a fourth upper frame point. The third radiator covers at least one of the following frequency bands: Wi-Fi 2.4G, GPS L1, and BeiDou TX.

[0029] A fourth radiator, one end of which cooperates with the third radiator to form a gap, and the other end of which is grounded. The fourth radiator is located between the third radiator and the first radiator. The fourth radiator includes a fifth upper frame point and covers the 5G WiFi frequency band.

[0030] The third power supply is electrically connected to the fourth upper frame point;

[0031] The fourth power supply is electrically connected to the fifth upper frame point.

[0032] Optionally, the third radiator further includes a sixth upper frame point, which is located at the end of the third radiator near the fourth radiator;

[0033] The antenna structure also includes an LC isolation circuit, which is equivalent to a short circuit for 5G Wi-Fi signals and equivalent to an open circuit for 2.4G Wi-Fi signals.

[0034] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, including an antenna structure as described in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0035] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure may include the following beneficial effects:

[0036] As can be seen from the above embodiments, by controlling the on / off state of the first switch, the first radiator can be reused as an IFA antenna or a T antenna, which is beneficial to the integration and compactness of the antenna structure. At the same time, it is beneficial to achieve radiation in the corresponding frequency band through the fundamental mode of the IFA antenna or the T antenna, thereby improving the radiation efficiency of the first radiator.

[0037] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0040] Figure 2 This is one of the circuit topologies of an antenna structure illustrated according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0041] Figure 3 This is a second circuit topology diagram of an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0042] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 The reflection coefficient curve of the first radiator when the antenna structure is in the first matching state.

[0043] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 The reflection coefficient curve of the first radiator when the antenna structure is in the second matching state.

[0044] Figure 6 This is the third circuit topology diagram of an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0045] Figure 7 This is the fourth circuit topology diagram of an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0046] Figure 8 This is the fifth circuit topology diagram of an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0047] Figure 9 This is the sixth circuit topology diagram of an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0048] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0049] The terminology used in this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” as used in this disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0050] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used in this disclosure to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this disclosure, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when," "when," or "in response to determination."

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the antenna structure includes a first radiator 1, a first feed 2, and a first switch 3. The two ends of the first radiator 1 are used to form slits, and a solid clearance is formed between the first radiator 1 and the ground, allowing the first radiator 1 to function as a suspended stub, thus enabling SAR (Specific Absorption Ratio) detection functionality of the antenna structure. The first radiator 1 includes a first upper frame point 11 and a second upper frame point 12. The first feed 2 is electrically connected to the first upper frame point 11, as shown... Figure 2 As shown, one end of the first switch 3 is grounded and the other end is directly electrically connected to the second upper frame point 12. That is, no other electronic components are connected in series or in parallel on the connection path between the first switch 3 and the second upper frame point 12.

[0052] With this configuration, when the first switch 3 is switched to the ON state, the second upper frame point 12 is directly grounded. The first radiator 1 is constructed as an IFA antenna, and the first feed 2 can excite the first radiator 1 to operate in the first frequency band in a 1 / 4 wavelength mode. Operating in the first frequency band in the fundamental mode of the IFA antenna, i.e., the 1 / 4 wavelength mode, is beneficial for improving the radiation performance of the first radiator 1 in the first frequency band. When the first switch 3 is switched to the OFF state, the first radiator 1 is no longer grounded, but is electrically connected to the first feed 2 only through the first upper frame point 11. The first radiator 1 is constructed as a T antenna, and the first feed 2 can excite the first radiator 1 to operate in the second frequency band in a 1 / 2 wavelength mode. Operating in the second frequency band in the fundamental mode of the T antenna, i.e., the 1 / 2 wavelength mode, is beneficial for improving the radiation performance of the first radiator 1 in the second frequency band. The first and second frequency bands have different frequencies.

[0053] Based on this, by controlling the on / off state of the first switch 3, the first radiator 1 can be reused as an IFA antenna or a T antenna, which is beneficial for the integration and compactness of the antenna structure and for optimizing the layout of the antenna structure. Moreover, the first radiator 1 can operate in the first frequency band through the fundamental mode of the IFA antenna, and can also operate in the second frequency band through the fundamental mode of the T antenna. By utilizing the fundamental mode characteristics, the radiation efficiency and performance of the first radiator 1 can be improved.

[0054] Furthermore, such as Figure 3As shown, the antenna structure also includes a matching circuit 4, which is electrically connected between the first feed 2 and the first upper frame point 11. The matching state of the matching circuit 4 when the first radiator 1 is constructed as an IFA antenna is different from the matching state when the first radiator 1 is constructed as a T antenna. For example, when the first radiator 1 operates in the first frequency band through the IFA antenna, the matching circuit 4 switches to the first matching state; when the first radiator 1 operates in the second frequency band through the T antenna, the matching circuit 4 switches to the second matching state. Thus, different matching circuits can be adjusted according to the different frequencies of the first and second frequency bands to achieve optimal matching of the first and second frequency bands, thereby improving the radiation performance of the first radiator 1.

[0055] For example, the matching circuit 4 may include a second switch 41, a third switch 42, and a fourth switch 43, which are connected in parallel to the first upper frame point 11. The matching circuit 4 also includes a first capacitor 44, a second capacitor 45, and a first inductor 46. The first capacitor 44 is connected in series with the second switch 41, and the other end of the first capacitor 44 is electrically connected to the first power supply 2. The second capacitor 45 is connected in series with the third switch 42, and the third switch 42 switches the grounding state of the second capacitor 45, that is, when the third switch 42 is on, the second capacitor 45 is grounded. The first inductor 46 is connected in series with the fourth switch 43, and the fourth switch 43 switches the grounding state of the first inductor 46, that is, when the fourth switch 43 is on, the first inductor 46 is grounded. When the first radiator 1 is constructed as an IFA antenna, the fourth switch 43 is closed and the second switch 41 and the third switch 42 are both open, which is the first matching state. When the first radiator 1 is constructed as a T antenna, the fourth switch 43 is open and the second switch 41 and the third switch 42 are both closed, which is the second matching state.

[0056] Assuming the first frequency band includes the GPS L5 and N78 bands (meaning the first radiator 1 operates in the GPS L5 and N78 bands when constructed as an IFA antenna), and the second frequency band includes the BeiDou RX band (meaning the first radiator 1 operates in the BeiDou RX band when constructed as a T antenna), the reflection coefficient curve of the first radiator 1 when the first switch 3 is on and the matching circuit 4 is in the first matching state is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, based on Figure 4 The good reflection coefficient values ​​between the first marker point (3.3GHz) and the second marker point (3.8GHz) indicate that the first radiator 1 can cover the N78 frequency band at this time. Figure 4 The good reflection coefficient value at the fifth marker point (1.176GHz) indicates that the first radiator 1 can still cover the GPS L5 band. Of course, in some other embodiments, the first band may also include the GPS L5 band or the N78 band.

[0057] When the first switch 3 is open and the matching circuit is in the second matching state, the reflection coefficient curve of the first radiator 1 is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, based on Figure 5 As can be seen from the sixth marker (2.4GHz), at the location of the BeiDou RX band, the first radiator 1 can form a resonance, thereby radiating electromagnetic wave signals located in the BeiDou RX band, thus achieving coverage of the BeiDou RX band, which is beneficial for network-free communication of electronic devices.

[0058] In some embodiments, still with Figure 1 As shown, the antenna structure also includes a second radiator 6 and a second feed 5. One end of the second radiator 6 is grounded, and the other end cooperates with the first radiator 1 to form a first gap, that is... Figure 1 The second radiator 6 includes a third upper frame point 61, located on the right side of the gap. The second feed 5 is electrically connected to the third upper frame point 61 and excites the second radiator 6 to cover at least one mid-to-high frequency band, thereby increasing the bandwidth of the antenna structure.

[0059] When the second radiator 6 operates in any mid-to-high frequency band (1.7GHz-2.7GHz), the first switch 3 closes, grounding the first radiator 1. The stub between the second upper frame point 12 and the end of the first radiator 1 forming the first gap can act as a parasitic stub, and the resonant frequency of this parasitic stub can be greater than 2.7GHz. This shifts the resonant frequency of the parasitic stub outside the band of any mid-to-high frequency band, preventing the efficiency dip of the parasitic stub from affecting the efficiency of the first radiator 1 in radiating mid-to-high frequency signals. In particular, since the B41 (2496MHz-2690MHz) band is an edge band within the mid-to-high frequency range, the resonant frequency of the parasitic stub will be relatively closer to the B41 band. The resonant frequency of the parasitic resonance is outside the B41 band and greater than the frequency of B41, thus improving the efficiency of the B41 band to a certain extent. Of course, the resonant frequency of this parasitic stub can be adjusted by reasonably setting the length of the parasitic stub.

[0060] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6As shown, the antenna structure also includes a fifth switch 7. One end of the fifth switch 7 is grounded, and the other end is directly connected to the third upper frame point 61. That is, no other electronic components are connected in series or parallel in the circuit between the fifth switch 7 and the third upper frame point 61. Thus, when the first radiator 1 operates in the second frequency band, the fifth switch 7 can be closed, thereby short-circuiting the second radiator 6 to ground. At this time, the second radiator 6 can use the operating frequency of the first radiator as a parasitic stub of the first radiator 1, and the parasitic resonant frequency of the second radiator 6 is greater than the maximum frequency of the second frequency band. Therefore, the efficiency dip of the parasitic resonance can be located outside the band of the second frequency band, thereby improving the efficiency of the second frequency band to a certain extent. The parasitic resonant frequency of the second radiator 6 can be achieved by reasonably adjusting the stub length between the third upper frame point 61 and the end of the first slit formed by the second radiator 6.

[0061] Of course, such as Figure 6 As shown, a matching circuit for matching the mid-to-high frequency band can also be set on the feed line between the third upper frame point 61 and the second feed 5. Any matching element of the matching circuit is located at the stage after the fifth switch 7.

[0062] In some other embodiments, it is still based on Figure 1 As shown, the antenna structure also includes a third radiator 8, a fourth radiator 9, a third feed 10, and a fourth feed 101. One end of the third radiator 8 is grounded, and the third radiator 8 includes a fourth upper frame point 81. One end of the fourth radiator 9 cooperates with the third radiator 1 to form a gap, and the other end is grounded. The fourth radiator 9 is located between the third radiator 8 and the first radiator 1, and the fourth radiator 9 includes a fifth upper frame point 91. The third feed 10 is electrically connected to the fourth upper frame point 81, and the third feed 10 excites the third radiator 8 to cover at least one of the following frequency bands: Wi-Fi 2.4G, GPS L1, and BeiDou TX. The fourth feed 101 is electrically connected to the fifth upper frame point 91, and the fourth feed 101 excites the fourth radiator 9 to cover the Wi-Fi 5G frequency band, thereby expanding the bandwidth of the antenna structure and realizing a highly integrated antenna structure.

[0063] Of course, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a matching circuit can also be set between the third feed 10 and the fourth upper frame point 81, and a matching circuit can also be set between the fourth feed 101 and the fifth upper frame point 91. The specific design of the matching circuit can be adapted to the radiation frequency band.

[0064] Furthermore, the third radiator 8 also includes a sixth upper frame point 82, and this sixth upper frame point is located at the end of the third radiator 8 near the fourth radiator 9, such as... Figure 9As shown, the antenna structure also includes an LC isolation circuit 102. The LC isolation circuit 102 is equivalent to a short circuit for the WiFi 5G band signal and equivalent to an open circuit for the WiFi 2.4G band signal. This can reduce the coupling effect between the GPS L1 band and the WiFi 5G band, as well as between the WiFi 2.4G band and the WiFi 5G band, thereby improving the performance of WiFi 5G.

[0065] Based on the technical solution of this disclosure, an electronic device is also provided, which may include the antenna structure described in any of the foregoing embodiments. The first radiator 1 may serve as part of the top frame of the electronic device, thereby facilitating signal radiation towards the zenith when the first radiator 1 operates in the BeiDou RX band. The electronic device may include a mobile phone, tablet, or wearable device.

[0066] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the following claims.

[0067] It should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized in that, include: The first radiator is a suspended branch with its two ends used to form a fracture. The first radiator includes a first upper frame point and a second upper frame point. The first power supply is electrically connected to the first upper frame point; The first switch has one end grounded and the other end directly electrically connected to the second upper frame point; When the first switch is switched to the ON state, the first radiator is constructed as an IFA antenna; when the first switch is switched to the OFF state, the first radiator is constructed as a T antenna.

2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a matching circuit, which is connected between the first upper frame point and the first power supply; Wherein, when the first radiator is constructed as an IFA antenna, the matching state of the matching circuit is different from the matching state of the matching circuit when the first radiator is constructed as a T antenna.

3. The antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The matching circuit includes: Second switch; The third switch; The fourth switch, the third switch, and the second switch are connected in parallel to the first upper frame point; A first capacitor is connected in series with the second switch, and the other end of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the first power supply. The second capacitor is connected in series with the third switch, and the third switch switches the grounding state of the second capacitor; A first inductor is connected in series with the fourth switch, and the fourth switch switches the grounding state of the first inductor. Wherein, when the first radiator is constructed as an IFA antenna, the fourth switch is closed and the second and third switches are both open; when the first radiator is constructed as a T antenna, the fourth switch is open and the second and third switches are both closed.

4. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the first radiator is constructed as an IFA antenna, it operates in the N78 band and / or the GPS L5 band; when the first radiator is constructed as a T antenna, it operates in the BeiDou RX band.

5. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The second radiator has a grounded rib at one end and a first gap formed by cooperating with the first radiator at the other end. The second radiator includes a third upper frame point. The second feed is electrically connected to the third upper frame point, and the second feed excites the second radiator to cover at least one mid-to-high frequency band.

6. The antenna structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the second radiator operates in any medium-to-high frequency band; When the first switch is closed, the branch between the second upper frame point and the end of the first radiator forming the first slit is regarded as a parasitic branch, and the resonant frequency of the parasitic branch is greater than 2.7 GHz.

7. The antenna structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a fifth switch, one end of which is grounded and the other end is directly connected to the third upper frame point; When the first radiator operates in the second frequency band, the fifth switch is closed, and the parasitic resonant frequency of the second radiator is greater than the maximum frequency of the second frequency band.

8. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The third radiator has a grounded rib at one end, and includes a fourth upper frame point. The third radiator covers at least one of the following frequency bands: Wi-Fi 2.4G, GPS L1, and BeiDou TX. A fourth radiator, one end of which cooperates with the third radiator to form a gap, and the other end of which is grounded. The fourth radiator is located between the third radiator and the first radiator. The fourth radiator includes a fifth upper frame point and covers the 5G WiFi frequency band. The third power supply is electrically connected to the fourth upper frame point; The fourth power supply is electrically connected to the fifth upper frame point.

9. The antenna structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The third radiator also includes a sixth upper frame point, which is located at the end of the third radiator near the fourth radiator; The antenna structure also includes an LC isolation circuit, which is equivalent to a short circuit for 5G Wi-Fi signals and equivalent to an open circuit for 2.4G Wi-Fi signals.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, The antenna structure includes any one of claims 1-9.

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