A battery pack flame arrestor

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of battery fire prevention mainly discloses a kind of battery pack fire stopper, including base, it further includes barrier cover, is set on base, barrier cover coaxially is added with several groups, several layers of through-flow layer holes are opened in barrier cover with dislocation;Fire barrier disc, is located in base, several groups of fire barrier gaps are opened on it, the utility model realizes the technology that both safe pressure relief can be achieved after battery thermal failure, and flame can be prevented from spreading outward.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of battery fire prevention, and in particular to a battery pack flame arrester. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of new energy vehicles, batteries are a core component, and their safety is of paramount importance. In recent years, the number of new energy vehicles on the road has grown rapidly; however, battery fires have occurred frequently, drawing widespread attention.

[0003] Battery fires have various causes, with thermal runaway being a key factor. Internal short circuits, overcharging and over-discharging, high-temperature environments, and mechanical damage can all trigger thermal runaway, causing a rapid rise in battery temperature and ultimately ignition. For example, during charging, the high heat generated by fast charging and the resulting uneven heating, or the increased internal pressure due to overcharging, can easily lead to thermal runaway. Vehicle collisions, chassis damage causing internal short circuits, battery management system (BMS) malfunctions that fail to detect abnormalities in time, cell quality defects, aging circuits, unauthorized modifications, and the presence of flammable or explosive materials inside the vehicle all significantly increase the risk of fire.

[0004] While current technologies for fire prevention and control include battery thermal management, BMS optimization, application of fire-resistant materials, and fire suppression system design, shortcomings remain. Existing explosion-proof valves, although capable of releasing pressure when the battery's internal pressure is excessively high, lack flame-retardant functionality. When thermal runaway occurs in the battery, generating high-temperature flames and flammable gases, the explosion-proof valve cannot effectively prevent the flames from spreading, causing the fire to spread further and exacerbating the combustion risk of the battery system and even the entire vehicle. Utility Model Content

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by this utility model is that the existing explosion-proof valve for new energy vehicle batteries does not have a flame-retardant function.

[0006] The above-mentioned technical problems are solved by the following technical solution: This utility model proposes a battery pack flame arrester, including a base, which also includes a barrier cover disposed on the base, and several sets of barrier covers are coaxially stacked, and several layers of flow-through holes are staggered on the barrier cover; a flame arresting plate is disposed in the base, and several sets of flame arresting seams are opened on it.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the battery pack flame arrester of this utility model: the barrier cover is provided in two sets, including a first barrier shell and a second barrier shell; the flow-through layer hole on the second barrier shell is the first flow-through layer, and the flow-through layer hole on the first barrier shell is the second flow-through layer; the second barrier shell includes a first barrier ring cover and a first impact-receiving plate that is sealed and connected to its top opening.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the battery pack flame arrester of this utility model: the first impact plate is a sealed structure.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the battery pack flame arrester of this utility model: a plurality of sets of blocking perforations are coaxially arrayed in the first impact plate.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the battery pack flame arrester of this utility model: a plurality of first flow-through layers are provided at the same height on the wall of the first blocking ring cover, and each first flow-through layer contains a plurality of first flow-through holes, which are distributed circumferentially.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the battery pack flame arrester of this utility model: the first flame arrester includes a second flame arrester ring cover, and the second flame arrester ring cover has several layers of second flow-through layers at the same height on its wall, and each layer of second flow-through layers contains several second flow-through holes.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the battery pack flame arrester of this utility model: the first flame arrester further includes a second impact plate that is sealed and connected to the top opening of the second flame arrester ring cover, the first impact plate and the second impact plate are parallel; a flow-through gap is formed between the first flame arrester and the second flame arrester.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the battery pack flame arrester of this utility model: the second flow-through holes are circumferentially distributed; the first flow-through layer and the second flow-through layer are axially staggered, and the first flow-through holes and the second flow-through holes are circumferentially staggered.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the battery pack flame arrester of this utility model: the flame arrestor disc includes a disc shell, a disc core, a smooth annular steel strip and a triangular corrugated steel strip, and a perforation is provided in the center of the disc core; the smooth annular steel strip and the triangular corrugated steel strip are spirally and alternately fixedly connected between the disc shell and the disc core.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the battery pack flame arrester of this utility model: several sets of independent flame-arresting seams are formed between the smooth annular steel strip and the triangular corrugated steel strip, the radial cross-sectional shape of the flame-arresting seam is triangular, and there is an angle between the axis of the flame-arresting seam and the axis of the disk core.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This invention, through a combination structure of axially blocking the direct injection of the combustion medium and radially passing through the pressure relief channel, can greatly reduce the possibility of flames being ejected from the battery pack in an explosive or burning state. Furthermore, the inclined flame-arresting slits inside the flame-arresting plate increase the movement path of the combustion medium, and together with the cooling effect of the metal wall, enhance the flame-arresting effect. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Wherein: Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the battery pack flame arrester is shown; Figure 2 The overall structural diagram of the battery pack flame arrester is shown; Figure 3 The structural diagram of the first and second retaining shells of the battery pack flame arrester is shown. Figure 4 The axial distribution diagram of the first and second flow-through holes of the battery pack flame arrester is shown. Figure 5 The diagram shows the circumferential distribution of the first and second flow-through orifices of the battery pack flame arrester. Figure 6 The diagram shows the structure of the flame arrestor disc of the battery pack flame arrestor; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the installation of the triangular corrugated steel strip of the battery pack flame arrester is shown; Figure 8 An axial sectional view of the flame arrestor seam of the battery pack flame arrester is shown. Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the installation of the battery pack flame arrester is shown; Figure 10 The diagram shows the working principle of the battery pack flame arrester. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0019] The terminology used in this invention refers to those general terms currently widely used in the art in consideration of the functionality of this invention; however, these terms may vary according to the intent, precedent, or new technology of those skilled in the art. Furthermore, specific terms may be chosen by the applicant, and in such cases, their detailed meanings will be described in the detailed description of this invention. Therefore, the terminology used in this specification should not be construed as simple names, but rather based on the meaning of the terms and the overall description of this invention.

[0020] Reference Figures 1-10 This embodiment provides a battery pack flame arrester, which includes a base 100 disposed on a pressure relief hole inside the battery casing, and a barrier cover 200 disposed in the direction of direct injection of the combustion medium of the battery pack inside the battery casing.

[0021] Among them, several sets of barrier covers 200 are coaxially stacked, the barrier covers 200 are set on the base 100, and the barrier covers 200 are provided with several sets of flow-through holes C in the cross flow direction of the combustion medium.

[0022] The flame arrestor plate 300 is located inside the base 100 and has a flame arrestor slit F. The flow-through hole C and the flame arrestor slit F connect the inner and outer spaces of the battery casing.

[0023] Specifically, the barrier cover 200 is a barrel-shaped barrier with at least two coaxial nested layers, or it can be three, four or more layers. Preferably, this embodiment is provided with two layers of barrier, that is, the barrier cover 200 includes a first barrier shell 201 and a second barrier shell 202, or it can include a third, fourth or fifth barrier shell. The second barrier shell 202 blocks the first barrier shell 201 from the initial contact with the combustion medium.

[0024] During use, under extreme conditions, a set of batteries is installed at the top of the barrier cover 200. When the battery is damaged and burns, the combustion medium inside it will spray directly towards the barrier cover 200 below. At this time, the barrier cover 200 will vertically block it from spraying directly out of the battery pack casing, thus preventing it from igniting other components.

[0025] Furthermore, some of the combustion medium and high-pressure gas, in the form of dense smoke, pass sequentially through the second barrier shell 202, the first barrier shell 201, and the flame arrestor plate 300, and are finally discharged from the battery pack.

[0026] Furthermore, the first barrier shell 201 is disposed inside the second barrier shell 202; the second barrier shell 202 includes a first barrier ring cover 202a and a first impact plate 202b that is sealed to its top opening.

[0027] The first impact plate 202b is a sealed structure.

[0028] The first impact plate 202b has several sets of blocking perforations K1 arranged in a coaxial array.

[0029] In this embodiment, the first impact plate 202b can have the following two structures: The first type has a sealing structure in which the first impact plate 202b completely blocks the first baffle 201 from the combustion medium in the axial direction.

[0030] Alternatively, the first impact plate 202b may have several sets of blocking perforations K1 arranged in a coaxial array. In this case, when the combustion medium is directly injected, a portion of it will pass through the blocking perforations K1 and collide with the first shield 201 below, but it still cannot directly exit the battery pack.

[0031] Both of these structures can effectively contain most of the combustion medium within the battery pack.

[0032] The flow-through hole C on the second shield 202 is the first flow-through layer C1, and the flow-through hole C on the first shield 201 is the second flow-through layer C2.

[0033] The first flow-through layer C1 is opened at the same height on the wall of the first baffle shroud 202a. Each first flow-through layer C1 contains a number of first flow-through holes 202a-1. The first flow-through holes 202a-1 are distributed circumferentially, that is, the first flow-through holes 202a-1 are opened circumferentially on the side wall of the first baffle shroud 202a.

[0034] The first shield 201 includes a second shield ring 201a, and a second flow-through layer C2 is opened at the same height on the wall of the second shield ring 201a. Each second flow-through layer C2 contains a number of second flow-through holes 201a-1, which are circumferentially distributed; that is, the second flow-through holes 201a-1 are circumferentially opened on the side wall of the second shield ring 201a.

[0035] The first barrier shell 201 also includes a second impact plate 201b that is sealed to the top opening of the second barrier ring cover 201a. The first impact plate 202b is parallel to the second impact plate 201b. A flow-through gap A is formed between the first barrier shell 201 and the second barrier shell 202.

[0036] The combustion mixture enters the vertical flow gap A through the first flow through hole 202a-1 and eventually flows into the horizontal flow gap A. The mixture interacts with each other and can stabilize the flow rate of the combustion mixture.

[0037] The first flow layer C1 and the second flow layer C2 are arranged axially in an alternating manner, and the first flow hole 202a-1 and the second flow hole 201a-1 are arranged circumferentially in an alternating manner.

[0038] Furthermore, refer to Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 During use, the combustion mixture flows from the battery pack to the barrier cover 200. It first passes through the second flow-through hole 201a-1 on the outer layer. Since the second flow-through hole 201a-1 corresponds to the solid side wall of the second barrier cover 201a, the solid and liquid particles will first collide with the solid side wall of the second barrier cover 201a, while the remaining gas will change its flow direction, pass through the first flow-through hole 202a-1, and enter the second barrier cover 201a.

[0039] The first flow-through hole 202a-1 and the second flow-through hole 201a-1, which are completely staggered, can prevent most of the combustion medium from flowing out of the battery pack.

[0040] The fire arrestor plate 300 includes a plate shell 301, a plate core 302, a smooth annular steel strip 303 and a triangular corrugated steel strip 304. A perforation K2 is provided in the middle of the plate core 302. The smooth annular steel strip 303 and the triangular corrugated steel strip 304 are spirally and alternately fixedly connected between the plate shell 301 and the plate core 302.

[0041] Several independent fire-resistant seams F are formed between the smooth annular steel strip 303 and the triangular corrugated steel strip 304. The radial cross-sectional shape of the fire-resistant seam F is triangular, and there is an angle between the axis of the fire-resistant seam F and the axis of the disc core 302.

[0042] Furthermore, compared to vertically opened fire-resistant joints F, inclined fire-resistant joints F have several advantages: First, they can change the upward path of the flame, forcing the flame to climb along the inclined surface, increasing the propagation path length, while interfering with thermal convection stability and disrupting the vertical "chimney effect", thereby slowing down the flame propagation speed and extending the fire protection time.

[0043] Secondly, it can disperse the concentration of thermal stress, so that the expansion directions of the triangular corrugated steel strips 304 and the smooth annular steel strips 303 on both sides are at an angle, reducing the concentrated stress, while reducing the accumulation of dust and debris, and enhancing the resistance to deformation and the durability of the structure.

[0044] Third, it can guide the directional emission of flue gas, and work with the perforated K2 to export high-temperature flue gas, while increasing the heat dissipation surface area, so as to dissipate more heat through radiation and convection, thereby optimizing the efficiency of flue gas guidance and heat dissipation.

[0045] Fourth, the inclined surface can physically intercept the combustion medium, enhance the ability to block sparks and molten material, and effectively prevent the flame from spreading across areas.

[0046] Compared to a triangular cross-sectional shape, the radial cross-sectional shape of the fire-resistant seam F in this embodiment can also be a circle or a regular polygon.

[0047] When a circular fire-resistant joint F is used, the stress distribution of the circular cross-section of the fire-resistant joint F is uniform, without sharp edges, and it is highly compatible with circular pipes and easy to align during construction. However, the flame can easily penetrate along the diameter in a straight line, the fire-resistant path is short, and the filling material is prone to shrinkage or carbonization at high temperatures, which can lead to gaps and failure. In addition, the circular arc structure has a weak ability to reflect heat radiation and conducts heat quickly.

[0048] Polygonal cross-sections with straight sides are easy to cut and process, making them suitable for rectangular and square structures. They are easy to standardize and prefabricate, and have good initial sealing performance. However, at right-angle corners, stress concentration is severe at high temperatures, which can easily lead to cracking and the formation of fire channels. Flames can also penetrate along the diagonal shortcut, resulting in low fire-blocking efficiency. Furthermore, right-angle areas tend to accumulate heat, accelerating material aging.

[0049] The triangular cross section forces the flame to propagate in a zigzag pattern through multiple bends, with a path that is about 50% longer than that of a circle. The bends can refract and break the flame, reducing its propagation speed and resulting in the highest flame-blocking efficiency.

[0050] Furthermore, triangles are naturally stable structures that are not easily deformed or collapsed at high temperatures. The acute angles allow the fire-retardant material to self-wedge and fill densely when it expands. The angles can also reflect heat radiation, reduce heat transfer, and lower the temperature rise on the unexposed side.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the methods and devices described in detail above are merely embodiments, and those skilled in the art can modify these embodiments in different ways as long as they do not depart from the scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A battery pack flame arrester, comprising a base (100), characterized in that: Also includes, A barrier cover (200) is disposed on a base (100). Several sets of barrier covers (200) are coaxially stacked. Several layers of flow-through holes (C) are staggered on the barrier cover (200). A fire-resistant plate (300) is located inside the base (100), and several sets of fire-resistant seams (F) are provided on it.

2. The battery pack flame arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The barrier cover (200) is provided in two sets, including a first barrier shell (201) and a second barrier shell (202); The perforation hole (C) on the second shield (202) is the first perforation layer (C1), and the perforation hole (C) on the first shield (201) is the second perforation layer (C2). The second barrier housing (202) includes a first barrier ring cover (202a) and a first impact plate (202b) that is sealed to its top opening.

3. The battery pack flame arrester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first impact plate (202b) is a sealed structure.

4. The battery pack flame arrester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first impact plate (202b) has a number of sets of blocking perforations (K1) arranged in a coaxial array.

5. The battery pack flame arrester according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The first flow-through layer (C1) is opened at the same height on the wall of the first baffle ring cover (202a). Each first flow-through layer (C1) contains a number of first flow-through holes (202a-1), which are circumferentially distributed.

6. The battery pack flame arrester according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first shield (201) includes a second shield ring cover (201a), and the second flow-through layer (C2) is opened at the same height on the wall of the second shield ring cover (201a). Each second flow-through layer (C2) contains a plurality of second flow-through holes (201a-1).

7. The battery pack flame arrester according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first shield (201) further includes a second impact plate (201b) that is sealed to the top opening of the second shield (201a), and the first impact plate (202b) is parallel to the second impact plate (201b). A flow-through gap (A) is formed between the first barrier shell (201) and the second barrier shell (202).

8. The battery pack flame arrester according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The second flow-through hole (201a-1) is circumferentially distributed; The first flow layer (C1) and the second flow layer (C2) are arranged axially in an alternating manner, and the first flow hole (202a-1) and the second flow hole (201a-1) are arranged circumferentially in an alternating manner.

9. The battery pack flame arrester according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fire arrestor plate (300) includes a plate shell (301), a plate core (302), a smooth annular steel strip (303) and a triangular corrugated steel strip (304), and the plate core (302) has a perforation (K2) in the middle. The smooth annular steel strip (303) and the triangular corrugated steel strip (304) are spirally and alternately fixedly connected between the disk shell (301) and the disk core (302).

10. The battery pack flame arrester according to claim 9, characterized in that: Several independent fire-resistant seams (F) are formed between the smooth annular steel strip (303) and the triangular corrugated steel strip (304). The radial cross-sectional shape of the fire-resistant seam (F) is triangular, and there is an angle between the axis of the fire-resistant seam (F) and the axis of the disc core (302).

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