A stand trolley

Abstract

The utility model provides a vertical frame trolley for lifting steel arch from ground to tunnel top and construction installation, this vertical frame trolley includes both sides's traveling mechanism, the ladder type workstation of being equipped with both sides's traveling mechanism top, the hydraulic lifting device of being installed in the ladder type workstation top, the guide rail of extending along front -back direction and being equipped with the ladder type workstation top, the hydraulic lifting device sliding installation is in the guide rail, still include: through the hinge shaft hinged in the ladder type workstation front's vertical frame, be equipped with the U -shaped groove in the vertical frame top, be connected in the hydraulic cylinder of ladder type workstation and vertical frame, through the rotation of vertical frame and the lifting cooperation of hydraulic lifting device, realized steel arch from ground to tunnel top's automatic lifting and installation process, reduced the difficulty of equipment coordination, the whole process operation is smooth, reduced the link of manual handling and adjustment, improved steel arch's installation efficiency, shortened construction period.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of frame installation equipment technology, specifically to a frame trolley. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the installation of steel arch frames in tunnel engineering mainly relies on two types of operation modes: the traditional multi-machine collaborative mode uses 4-5 hydraulic robotic arms (each with a load ≤5t) in conjunction with manual positioning, requiring simultaneous operation of the walking mechanism, lifting system, and clamping device, and installing the steel arch frame in sections, which leads to interference between equipment movements; the simple platform mode uses fixed steel supports to support the steel arch frame, relying on 4-6 workers to use chain hoists for posture adjustment, with a single installation cycle of up to 120-150 minutes, and cannot monitor key parameters such as arch frame stress and position deviation in real time, resulting in problems of "response lag and lack of control capabilities", which is difficult to adapt to the high-efficiency development needs of tunnel construction.

[0003] Chinese patent CN110725707A discloses an integral arch frame installation method and an integral arch frame installation trolley. The device can lift the arch frame from a flat position to an upright position using a lifting device. Then, a transfer and lifting device moves the upright arch frame to the installation area at the front of the trolley and lifts it to the installation height. The device relies on the two lower ends of the arch frame as support points to lift the arch frame. However, single-point lifting of the steel cable may cause uneven force on the arch frame, generating torque. Moreover, the support is only at the bottom two points, resulting in poor stability. Especially during the lifting process, single-point support can easily cause the arch frame to swing, affecting the installation accuracy. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model provides a frame erection trolley to solve the problem that existing trolleys usually use multiple robotic arms or manual labor to install steel arch frames, which leads to complex coordination between various devices and poor support stability of the steel arch frames.

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides a trolley for lifting steel arch frames from the ground to the top of a tunnel for construction and installation. The trolley includes traveling mechanisms on both sides, a stepped work platform located above the traveling mechanisms on both sides, a hydraulic lifting device installed above the stepped work platform, and a guide rail extending in the front-rear direction and located on the top of the stepped work platform. The hydraulic lifting device is slidably installed on the guide rail. It also includes a vertical frame hinged to the front of the stepped work platform via a hinge shaft, several U-shaped grooves located on the top of the vertical frame, and hydraulic cylinders connecting the stepped work platform and the vertical frame.

[0006] By coordinating the rotation of the support frame and the lifting of the hydraulic lifting device, the steel arch frame is automatically lifted from the ground to the top of the tunnel, reducing the difficulty of coordination between equipment. Multiple support points enhance the stability of the steel arch frame, making the entire process smooth, reducing manual handling and adjustment, improving the installation efficiency of the steel arch frame, and shortening the construction cycle.

[0007] Furthermore, in order to realize the installation of the segmented arch frame and adapt to the tunnel arch structure, the above-mentioned stepped work platform includes a third work platform located above the traveling mechanism, a support frame vertically fixed to the inner side of the third work platform, a second work platform fixed above the support frame, and a first work platform fixed above the second work platforms on both sides by reinforcing ribs.

[0008] Furthermore, in order to enhance the load-bearing capacity of the steel arch frame, the above-mentioned support frame is a gantry frame, and several short supports are vertically fixed to the crossbeam at the top of the support frame, with U-shaped grooves located at the top of the short supports.

[0009] Furthermore, in order to achieve stable clamping of the steel arch frame, the number of the above-mentioned short supports is four, and the four short supports are arranged at equal intervals along the crossbeam, with the height of the short supports arranged in an arc shape.

[0010] Furthermore, in order to achieve balanced force during the rotation and lifting of the upright frame, the upright trolley also includes a rope tensioning mechanism. The rope tensioning mechanism includes a guide wheel located on the inner wall above the support frame, a motor installed behind the support frame, and a rope retraction wheel connected to the output shaft of the motor. One end of the rope is fixed to the rope retraction wheel, and the other end passes around the guide wheel and is fixed to the crossbeam.

[0011] Furthermore, in order to achieve greater stability when the steel arch frame is lifted and detached from the U-shaped groove, the aforementioned hydraulic lifting device includes a hydraulic lifting rod, a lifting platform located above the hydraulic lifting rod, and rollers on both sides of the lifting platform.

[0012] Furthermore, to ensure greater stability of the steel arch frame after it is raised to the installation position and to facilitate installation, a ratchet-type rope retractor is installed at the rear end of the aforementioned lifting platform.

[0013] Preferably, the guide rail has a double-rail structure, the bottom of the hydraulic lifting device is provided with a slide that cooperates with the guide rail, and the two ends of the guide rail are also provided with limiting structures.

[0014] Furthermore, to avoid interference caused by operational errors when manually controlling multiple devices, the trolley also includes a sensing unit for real-time acquisition of the force, position, and trolley travel data of the steel arch frame; and a control unit electrically connected to the sensing unit, travel mechanism, hydraulic lifting device, hydraulic cylinder, and rope tensioning mechanism.

[0015] Preferably, to address the limitation of real-time manual monitoring, the aforementioned sensing unit includes: a pressure sensor mounted on the inner wall of the U-shaped groove; a positioning sensor mounted on the top of the hydraulic lifting device; an inclination sensor mounted on the crossbeam; and a displacement encoder mounted on the traveling mechanism. These are used to collect position and force data to ensure accurate installation and positioning of the steel arch frame.

[0016] The technical advantages of this application are as follows: (1) The frame erection trolley provided in this application realizes the automatic lifting and installation process of steel arch frame from the ground to the top of the tunnel through the rotation of the frame and the lifting of the hydraulic lifting device. This reduces the difficulty of coordination between equipment, the whole process is smooth, reduces the manual handling and adjustment links, improves the installation efficiency of steel arch frame, and shortens the construction cycle.

[0017] (2) Through the cooperation of sensing units and control units, the entire process of steel arch frame control from “ground lifting - attitude adjustment - positioning lifting to the top of the tunnel” is realized. Key parameters such as force and position can be monitored and the actions of each mechanism can be controlled. This not only reduces the difficulty of coordination between equipment and reduces manual links, but also reduces the installation and positioning time of steel arch frame. The installation cycle is shortened to 40-60 minutes, which improves the safety and efficiency of tunnel construction. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a vertical trolley provided by this utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal state structure of a vertical trolley provided by this utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hydraulic lifting device for a vertical trolley provided by this utility model.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical state structure of a vertical frame trolley provided by this utility model.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the oblique rear structure of a vertical frame trolley provided by this utility model.

[0023] Figure 6 This utility model provides Figure 2 A magnified view of the details at point A in the middle.

[0024] Figure 7 This utility model provides Figure 5 A magnified detail diagram of point B in the image.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1000, Steel arch frame; 1. Walking mechanism; 2. Workbench; 210. Third workbench; 220. Second workbench; 230. Staircase frame; 240. First workbench; 250. Support frame; 3. Hydraulic lifting device; 310. Hydraulic lifting rod; 320. Lifting platform; 330. Idler roller; 340. Ratchet-type rope winder; 4. Guide rail; 5. Upright frame; 510. Short support; 511. U-shaped channel; 520. Crossbeam; 530. Hinge shaft; 6. Rope tensioning mechanism; 610. Guide wheel; 620. Motor; 630. Rope retraction wheel; 640. Rope; 7. Hydraulic cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The following will be combined with the appendix Figures 1-7 The embodiments of the technical solution of this application are described in detail below. The following embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this application more clearly, and are therefore only examples and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] Reference Figures 1-7 To address the issues arising from the current practice of using multiple robotic arms or manual labor to install steel arch frames 1000, which often results in complex coordination between equipment and poor stability of the steel arch frame support, this invention provides a vertical support trolley for lifting the steel arch frame 1000 from the ground to the tunnel ceiling for installation. This trolley includes two traveling mechanisms 1 on either side, and a stepped work platform 2 above the traveling mechanisms 1. The work platform 2 includes a third work platform 210 above the traveling mechanisms 1, a vertical support frame 250 fixed to the inner side of the third work platform 210, and a second work platform 220 fixed above the support frame 250. The second work platform 220 is further reinforced by reinforcing ribs. The first workbench 240 is located above the second workbench 220; a hydraulic lifting device 3 is installed above the first workbench 240; a guide rail 4 extends in the front-back direction and is located on the top of the first workbench 240; the hydraulic lifting device 3 is slidably installed on the guide rail 4; a vertical frame 5 is hinged to the front of the vertical support frame 250 on both sides via a hinge shaft 530; four short supports 510 are vertically fixedly installed on the top crossbeam 520 of the vertical frame 5; the top of the short supports 510 is provided with a U-shaped groove 511 for supporting the steel arch frame 1000; the height of the short supports 510 is arranged in an arc shape to match the curvature of the steel arch frame 1000; and a hydraulic cylinder 7 is connected to the vertical support frame 250 and the vertical frame 5.

[0028] The trolley moves to the stacking position of the steel arch frame 1000, with the upright frame 5 in a horizontal position, and inserts the steel arch frame 1000 into all the U-shaped grooves 511. The trolley moves to the installation position of the steel arch frame 1000, and the hydraulic cylinder 7 begins to retract. The upright frame 5 rotates 90° around the hinge axis 530 to a vertical position. The hydraulic lifting device 3 moves forward along the guide rail 4. After the hydraulic lifting device 3 is raised and lowered to a certain height, it supports the bottom of the steel arch frame 1000. The hydraulic lifting device 3 is further driven to rise, so that the steel arch frame 1000 is removed from the U-shaped grooves 511. The hydraulic lifting device 3 is further slid and moved backward to the installation position. The steel arch frame 1000 is then raised to the installation position at the top of the tunnel for installation.

[0029] Through the above scheme, the automatic lifting and installation of the steel arch frame 1000 from the ground to the top of the tunnel is achieved by the rotation of the support frame 5 and the lifting of the hydraulic lifting device 6. This reduces the difficulty of coordination between equipment, makes the whole process smooth, reduces the manual handling and adjustment links, improves the installation efficiency of the steel arch frame, and shortens the construction cycle.

[0030] Furthermore, to achieve balanced force during the rotation and lifting of the upright frame 5, the upright trolley provided in this embodiment also includes a rope tensioning mechanism 6, comprising a guide wheel 610 located on the inner wall above the support frame 250, a motor 620 installed behind the support frame 250, a rope retraction wheel 630 connected to the output end of the motor 620 via a reducer, and a rope 640 with one end fixed to the rope retraction wheel 630 and the other end passing around the guide wheel 610 and fixed to the crossbeam 520. Driven by the motor 620, the rope retraction wheel 630 cooperates with the guide wheel assembly 610 to adjust the tension of the rope 640 during the rotation of the upright frame 5 from horizontal to vertical, ensuring that the upright frame 5 rotates 90° evenly under the combined action of the hydraulic cylinder 7 and the rope tensioning mechanism 6.

[0031] Preferably, the rope 640 is a steel wire rope or a high-strength synthetic fiber rope, which has high tensile strength and flexibility.

[0032] Furthermore, in order to achieve greater stability when the steel arch frame 1000 is lifted away from the U-shaped groove 511, the hydraulic lifting device 3 provided in this embodiment includes a hydraulic lifting rod 310 and a lifting platform 320 located above the hydraulic lifting rod 310. The lifting platform 320 is provided with rollers 330 on both sides. The rollers 330 serve as the main contact points. After the steel arch frame 1000 is lifted away from the U-shaped groove 511, the rollers 330 on both sides enable the steel arch frame 1000 to make slight left and right adjustments when adjusting the installation position.

[0033] Furthermore, in order to make the steel arch frame 1000 more stable after being lifted to the installation position and to facilitate installation, ratchet-type rope take-up devices 340 are fixed on both sides of the rear end of the lifting platform 320 provided in this embodiment. The rope end of the ratchet-type rope take-up device 340 is fixed with a hook. After the steel arch frame 1000 is lifted and disengaged from the U-shaped groove 511, the ratchet-type rope take-up device 340 is used to hang the hooks on both ends of the steel arch frame 1000, and the ratchet is operated to tighten the steel wire rope, thereby stably fixing the steel arch frame 1000 on the lifting platform 320.

[0034] Furthermore, the guide rail 4 has a double-rail structure, and the bottom of the hydraulic lifting device 3 is provided with a slide seat that cooperates with the guide rail 4. The two ends of the guide rail 4 are also provided with limiting structures. The limiting mechanism ensures that the sliding part of the hydraulic lifting device 3 does not exceed one-half, so that the steel arch frame 1000 is in force balance at the bottom of the hydraulic lifting device 3.

[0035] Furthermore, in order to facilitate workers' movement up and down, the third workbench 210 provided in this embodiment is equipped with a staircase 230 connected to the second workbench 220.

[0036] Furthermore, to address the pain point of the inability to monitor the status in real time manually, the erection trolley also includes a sensing unit for real-time acquisition of the stress, position, and trolley movement data of the steel arch frame. The sensing unit includes: a pressure sensor installed on the inner wall of the U-shaped groove 511, which monitors the contact pressure between the steel arch frame 1000 and the U-shaped groove 511 in real time to prevent localized overload from causing arch frame deformation. This pressure sensor is a miniature strain gauge sensor, embedded in the groove of the inner wall of the U-shaped groove 511, with its surface flush with the groove wall (not shown in the figure); and a positioning sensor installed on the top of the hydraulic lifting device 3, which collects the positional deviation of the steel arch frame 1000 relative to the tunnel top installation reference in real time. This positioning sensor uses a laser rangefinder. The laser rangefinder is fixed to the top of the lifting platform 320 by a bracket, and is located in a different position from the steel arch 1000. The laser emission direction is perpendicular to the top of the tunnel. If the lifting platform has a tilt deviation, the laser rangefinder can be equipped with a redundant mechanism as needed to adapt to the angle deviation. The tilt sensor on the crossbeam 520 is used to monitor the real-time tilt angle during the rotation of the frame. The tilt sensor adopts a dual-axis tilt meter with a monitoring range of 0°-90° and is pasted on the side of the middle of the crossbeam 520. The displacement encoder on the traveling mechanism 1 records the travel distance and position of the trolley to realize the positioning of the installation position. The displacement sensor is coaxially connected to the wheel axle of the traveling mechanism 1 and records the number of wheel rotations in real time to calculate the travel distance.

[0037] To avoid interference caused by operational errors of multiple devices, the trolley also includes a control unit electrically connected to the sensing unit, the walking mechanism 1, the hydraulic lifting device 3, the hydraulic cylinder 7, and the rope tensioning mechanism 6. The control unit includes a PLC controller (not shown in the figure) located on the first workbench 240: it receives all real-time data from the sensing unit and has pre-stored the reference parameters for the installation of the tunnel steel arch frame 1000 (such as installation height, radius of curvature, position coordinates, etc.). The PLC controller has a touch screen display, which can display the data of each sensor and the status of the mechanism in real time, and allows manual control of each working mechanism. The PLC controller is connected to the hydraulic lifting device 3, hydraulic cylinder 7, rope tension mechanism 6, and walking mechanism 1 via wireless / wired communication. It can output control commands based on the sensing data (e.g., when the laser positioning sensor detects a position deviation, it controls the hydraulic lifting device to fine-tune the height and the guide rail slide to fine-tune the front and rear positions). The control unit also has a fault diagnosis function: when the pressure sensor detects overload (> preset threshold) or the tilt sensor detects abnormal rotation of the upright (such as jamming or overspeed), it automatically triggers an audible and visual alarm and suspends the relevant actuators (such as the hydraulic cylinder stopping contraction and the motor stopping rotation) to avoid equipment damage or safety accidents.

[0038] Workflow: After the trolley starts, the displacement encoder collects the walking data in real time. The PLC controller controls the walking mechanism 1 to travel to the target point according to the pre-stored installation position, triggering wheel locking. First, rotate the upright frame 5 to a horizontal position. Then, manually or with a forklift, insert the steel arch frame 100 into the U-shaped groove 511. The pressure sensor detects the contact pressure in real time. If the pressure in a certain U-shaped groove 511 is less than the preset threshold, it is equivalent to not being properly secured. The PLC controller triggers an alarm and prompts for adjustment. The PLC controller controls the hydraulic cylinder 7 to start retraction, the tilt sensor provides real-time feedback on the frame angle, the PLC controls the motor 620 to move at a constant speed, and the retraction rope 640 to rotate the frame at a constant speed to a 90° vertical position. The hydraulic lifting device 3 moves forward along the guide rail, and the laser positioning sensor begins to collect the positional deviation between the steel arch frame 1000 and the top of the tunnel; after the lifting platform 320 supports the steel arch frame, the PLC controls the lifting speed of the hydraulic lifting rod 310 according to the laser data. After the steel arch frame reaches the installation height, the rope is tightened manually using a ratchet-type rope winder 340. At the same time, the laser positioning sensor continuously monitors the deviation. If there is a deviation exceeding the preset value, the PLC controls the guide rail slide to finely adjust the front and rear positions to achieve the positioning of the steel arch frame at the 1000 installation position. If the pressure sensor detects that the pressure at a certain point exceeds the preset threshold (overload) during the lifting process, the PLC immediately stops the hydraulic lifting device 3 and triggers an audible and visual alarm. The display screen displays "Arch frame overload." After manual troubleshooting, the device can be reset via the touchscreen in manual mode. The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A trolley for lifting a steel arch frame (1000) from the ground to the top of a tunnel for construction and installation, the trolley comprising two walking mechanisms (1) on both sides, a stepped work platform (2) above the two walking mechanisms (1), a hydraulic lifting device (3) installed above the stepped work platform (2), and a guide rail (4) extending in the front-rear direction and located on the top of the stepped work platform (2), wherein the hydraulic lifting device (3) is slidably installed on the guide rail (4); characterized in that Also includes: The upright (5) is hinged to the front of the stepped workbench (2) via a hinge shaft (530), and several U-shaped grooves (511) are provided on the top of the upright (5) to connect the hydraulic cylinder (7) to the stepped workbench (2) and the upright (5).

2. The stand cart according to claim 1, characterized by The stepped workbench (2) includes a third workbench (210) located above the walking mechanism (1), a support frame (250) vertically fixed to the inner side of the third workbench (210), a second workbench (220) fixed above the support frame (250), and a first workbench (240) fixed above the second workbench (220) on both sides by reinforcing ribs.

3. The rack cart of claim 2, wherein, The upright frame (5) is a gantry frame, and a number of short supports (510) are vertically fixed on the crossbeam (520) at the top of the upright frame (5), and the U-shaped groove (511) is located on the top of the short supports (510).

4. The rack cart of claim 3, wherein, The number of the short supports (510) is four, and the four short supports (510) are arranged at equal intervals along the crossbeam (520), and the height of the short supports (510) is arranged in an arc shape.

5. The upright trolley according to claim 3, characterized in that, The trolley also includes a rope tensioning mechanism (6), which includes a guide wheel (610) located on the inner wall above the support frame (250), a motor (620) installed behind the support frame (250), a rope retraction wheel (630) connected to the output shaft of the motor (620), one end of the rope (640) being fixed to the rope retraction wheel (630), and the other end passing around the guide wheel (610) and being fixed to the crossbeam (520).

6. The rack cart of claim 1, wherein, The hydraulic lifting device (3) includes a hydraulic lifting rod (310), a lifting platform (320) located above the hydraulic lifting rod (310), and rollers (330) on both sides of the lifting platform (320).

7. The rack cart of claim 6, wherein, The lifting platform (320) is equipped with a ratchet-type rope retractor (340) at its rear end.

8. The rack cart of claim 1, wherein, The guide rail (4) is a double-rail structure. The bottom of the hydraulic lifting device (3) is provided with a slide seat that cooperates with the guide rail (4). The two ends of the guide rail (4) are also provided with limiting structures.

9. The upright trolley according to claim 5, characterized in that, The trolley also includes a sensing unit for real-time acquisition of the force, position and trolley travel data of the steel arch frame (1000); and a control unit electrically connected to the sensing unit, the travel mechanism (1), the hydraulic lifting device (3), the hydraulic cylinder (7) and the rope tensioning mechanism (6).

10. The rack cart of claim 9, wherein, The sensing unit includes: a pressure sensor located on the inner wall of the U-shaped groove (511); a positioning sensor located on the top of the hydraulic lifting device (3); an inclination sensor located on the crossbeam (520); and a displacement encoder located on the walking mechanism (1).

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