Messer

Abstract

The invention relates to a knife (10) with a first actuating part (11) and a second actuating part (12) of an actuating device (13), which forms a joint (a1) with the first actuating part (11) and is pivotable from an unactuated position about a pivot axis (a1) relative to the first actuating part (11) in a first direction (u1) to move a blade device (15) which is movable relative to the first actuating part (11) and the second actuating part (12) and is pivotable in a second direction (u2) to move the second actuating part (12) into a blade change position, with an adjusting device (16) having an adjusting element (20) with which the movement of the second actuating part (12) can be blocked with respect to at least one direction (u1, u2).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a knife.

[0002] Such a knife comprises an actuating device with a first actuating part, which forms a pivot joint with a second actuating part. The second actuating part can be pivoted relative to the first actuating part, like a pair of pincers, between an unactuated position and an actuated position around a pivot axis. This pivoting mechanism moves a blade assembly, which is movable relative to both the first and second actuating parts, between a rest position and a cutting position. In the rest position, access to the blade is blocked, for example, by knife-related areas, so that the user cannot injure themselves. In the cutting position, for example, a cutting operation is possible.

[0003] There are various technical solutions for moving the blade carrier with the first actuating part and the second actuating part between the rest position and the cutting position. One suitable of these solutions is used in the knife according to the invention. The essential point is that the drive is based on the relative movement of the first actuating part and the second actuating part.

[0004] From EP 2 807 001 A1, a knife with two actuating parts is known. The knife includes a locking device to block the movement of a second actuating part relative to a first actuating part. A handle of the locking device can be moved from a locking position in different directions into various positions.

[0005] The object of the invention was to create a knife with a first actuating part and a second actuating part pivotable relative to the first actuating part, with an adjustment device for setting different operating states of the knife, which causes a low number of parts and has advantages with regard to production.

[0006] In the knife according to the invention, a first actuating part and a second actuating part of an actuating device form a joint such that the second actuating part can pivot relative to the first actuating part in opposite directions about a pivot axis. The pivot axis runs, for example, approximately perpendicular to a sagittal plane of the knife. The movement of the second actuating part relative to the first actuating part takes place within the sagittal plane. A longitudinal center axis of the knife lies, for example, within the sagittal plane of the knife.

[0007] When the second actuating element moves in a first pivoting direction relative to the first actuating element between an unactuated and an actuated position, a blade assembly is moved between a rest position and at least one cutting position. The movement of the second actuating element from the unactuated position into a second pivoting direction, into a blade-changing position, allows access to the blade assembly, for example, to change the blade itself or to change a blade stored in a blade holder. For the purposes of the invention, "blade assembly" can mean a one-piece blade with an edge, in which no blade holder is provided. However, the term "blade assembly" also includes devices in which blades are permanently or releasably attached to a blade holder.

[0008] The knife comprises an adjustment device with at least one locking device by which the operating state of the knife can be selected between at least one operating position, a locking position, and a blade-changing position. In the locking position, movement of the second actuating part from the unactuated position to an actuated position, and thus movement of the blade carrier from the rest position to the cutting position, is not possible. Furthermore, movement to the blade-changing position is not possible.

[0009] In the operating position, the second actuating element can be moved relative to the first actuating element in a first direction between the unactuated position and the actuated position, thus moving the blade assembly between the rest position and the cutting position. Movement into the blade-changing position is not possible in the operating position.

[0010] In the blade-changing position, the second actuating element cannot be moved from the unactuated position to the actuated position. However, the second actuating element can be moved into the blade-changing position. In the blade-changing position, the blade assembly is accessible.

[0011] In the knife according to the invention, the movement of the blade device is prevented by preventing a relative movement of the first actuating part and the second actuating part from the unactuated position to the actuated position.

[0012] The adjusting device comprises at least one locking device with which the movement of the second actuating part can be blocked with respect to a first direction of movement, a second direction of movement, or both directions of movement. For example, two locking devices are provided to ensure increased safety.

[0013] The locking device has, for example, at least two opposing locking surfaces, which are assigned to one of the actuating parts, and at least two spaced-apart counter surfaces, which are formed on the actuating element that is assigned to the other of the actuating parts. The counter surfaces are spaced, for example, such that the locking surfaces can be positioned between the counter surfaces with respect to a movement of the actuating element.

[0014] In the respective positions of the actuating element, for example a first pair or a second pair of locking surfaces and counter surfaces work together, or both pairs work together.

[0015] The locking surfaces or the counter surfaces are formed on the pivoting actuator. Areas of the locking surfaces and the counter surfaces can be positioned relative to each other, for example, by means of the actuator, so that the movement of the second actuating part can be selectively blocked in a first pivot direction, in a second pivot direction, or in both pivot directions. The areas of the locking surfaces can be assigned to one structure or different structures. Likewise, the areas of the counter surfaces can be assigned to one or different structures.

[0016] The adjustment device according to the invention allows the different operating states of the knife to be set in a small space and with few parts.

[0017] The locking mechanism of the adjusting device is designed, for example, such that the setting of the adjusting element in the locking position is arranged between the settings in the blade-changing position and in the operating position, with respect to the adjustment sequence of the adjusting element. When the second actuating part is moved from the blade-changing position to the unactuated position, the blade can then be automatically secured in the locking position of the locking device, thus reducing the risk of injury. This is because it is then impossible for the user to accidentally move the second actuating part into the actuated position during this movement and thereby move the blade device into the cutting position.

[0018] The actuating element can be adjusted, for example, translationally or rotationally between the operating position, locking position, and blade change position. Translational movement can be linear or along a path that is at least partially curved.

[0019] For example, the adjusting device comprises two locking devices. Parts of a first and a second locking device can be synchronized so that they move in unison. For example, the adjusting element incorporates parts of both the first and second locking devices. The adjusting element comprises, for example, a pair of locking surfaces and / or mating surfaces opposite each other with respect to the sagittal plane of the knife, with each locking surface interacting with a mating surface. These features achieve a uniform load distribution and increased safety because, in the event of failure of one of the structures, a redundant structure is present.

[0020] In the application, the term "barrier surfaces" can mean several areas of a continuous barrier surface or several separate barrier surfaces. Similarly, the term "counter-surfaces" can refer to several areas of a counter-surface or several separate counter-surfaces.

[0021] The locking surface and / or the opposing surface are, for example, at least partially cylindrical. This means that, for example, one of the surfaces can be fully cylindrical and the other partially cylindrical. The term "partial cylindrical" means that the cylindrical structure has a cross-section formed by a partial circle. At least one of the two surfaces can, for example, encompass the other surface in such a way that movement of the second actuating element in at least one pivoting direction is prevented.

[0022] The locking surface and / or the counter surface are, for example, arranged coaxially to the pivot axis of the actuator in the unactuated position. If the locking surface and the counter surface are arranged in a semi-circular cylindrical shape, the two surfaces or surface areas can be moved into and out of engagement by rotating the actuator.

[0023] The locking surfaces and mating surfaces are formed, for example, at the rear end of the first and second actuating parts. This rear end is located opposite the pivot joint between the first and second actuating parts. Therefore, due to the leverage effect at the rear end, the movement of the second actuating part in one or both directions can be prevented with relatively little force. Furthermore, this area is not within the range of motion of the blade assembly.

[0024] The locking surface and / or the counter surface is formed, for example, on a projection of the first actuating part or the second actuating part. If the blade components of the blade are designed in the unactuated position such that the first actuating part is spaced apart from the second actuating part, it is possible to form one or both of the surface types of locking surfaces and counter surfaces on a projection of the first actuating part or on a projection of the second actuating part. The locking surfaces and the counter surfaces can then be moved into or out of engagement in a rear area of ​​the blade, despite the distance between the actuating areas of the first actuating part and the second actuating part.

[0025] In the locking position, the locking surface interacts with at least one counter surface in such a way that a pivoting movement of the second actuating element into the cutting position as well as into a blade-changing position is blocked. In this position of the actuator, the locking surfaces and the counter surfaces block two opposing directions of movement of the second actuating element. A first locking surface and a first counter surface block the movement of the second actuating element into the actuated position, and a second locking surface and a second counter surface block the movement into the blade-changing position.

[0026] In an operating position of the actuator, a second locking surface and a second counter surface interact in such a blocking manner that movement of the second actuating part from the unactuated position to the actuated position is possible, while movement from the unactuated position to the blade change position is blocked.

[0027] In the blade-changing position of the actuator, movement into the cutting position is blocked, while movement of the second actuating element into the blade-changing position is permitted. The first locking surface and the first counter surface block movement into the actuated position. The second locking surface and the second counter surface can move past each other. The second actuating element can be moved into the blade-changing position in the actuator's blade-changing position to ensure access to the blade assembly. Additionally, blocking the movement of the second actuating element into the actuated position can be useful to prevent the blade assembly from being accidentally moved into the cutting position during a blade change, thus preventing injury to the user.

[0028] The adjusting mechanism includes, for example, a spring-loaded detent element which, in at least one of the set positions—i.e., the locking position, the operating position, or the blade change position—engages positively with a counter-detent structure. This ensures that the adjusting mechanism does not unintentionally move out of its set position. The detent element is, for example, formed integrally with the adjusting mechanism. Alternatively, the detent element can also be attached to the adjusting mechanism.

[0029] The actuator, for example, has a return element that biases the actuator into the locking position. With the automatic return of the actuator, for example, from the blade-changing position to the locking position, it can be ensured that the second actuating part, when returning to the unactuated position, is automatically engaged with the actuator in the locking position, with the locking surface and the mating surface engaged.

[0030] According to one embodiment, the geometric axis of organ pivoting extends approximately perpendicular to the sagittal plane of the knife.

[0031] The organ pivot axis is, for example, arranged approximately parallel to the part pivot axis. In particular, the organ pivot axis is, for example, designed transversely to a sagittal plane of the knife.

[0032] The adjusting mechanism can, for example, have an adjustment lever located on a side of the blade. A user can adjust the mechanism using this lever.

[0033] A locking structure with at least one locking surface and a counter-structure with at least one counter-surface are, for example, designed with interacting inclined surfaces to move the actuating element when the second actuating element moves from the blade-changing position to the unactuated position, allowing the locking surface and the counter-surface to move past each other. When the actuating element is biased into the locking position by a spring, this ensures that after the second actuating element returns to the unactuated position, the locking device can move back into the locking position. This is only possible when the second actuating element is in the unactuated position.

[0034] Embodiments of the invention are described by way of example in the following description of the figures, also with reference to the drawings. For the sake of clarity, identical or comparable parts, elements, or regions are designated by identical reference numerals, sometimes with the addition of lowercase letters, even where different embodiments are concerned.

[0035] Features described only with reference to one embodiment may also be provided in any other embodiment of the invention within the scope of the invention. Such modified embodiments are encompassed by the invention, even if they are not shown in the drawings.

[0036] All disclosed features are essential to the invention. The disclosure of the application hereby incorporates in full the disclosure content of the cited publications and the described prior art devices, also for the purpose of including one or more features of these documents in one or more claims of the present application.

[0037] They show: Fig. 1 a perspective view of a first embodiment of the knife according to the invention in an unactuated position, Fig. 2 based on Fig. 1. A perspective view in the operated position, Fig. 3 a perspective view of the knife, showing the adjusting mechanism in exploded view, Fig. 4 a side view of the knife according to Fig. 1, wherein the actuating element of an adjusting device is in a locking position, Fig. 5 a section view according to section line B - B in Fig. 4, Fig. 6 a view according to view arrow G in Fig. 4 Fig. 7a a sectional view according to section line A - A in Fig. 6, Fig. 7b a sectional view according to section line B - B in Fig. 6, Fig. 8 based on Fig. 4 a side view of the knife, wherein the actuating element is in the operating position and wherein the knife is in the unactuated position, Fig. 9 a section view according to section line D - D in Fig. 8, Fig. 10 a view according to view arrow H in Fig. 8, Fig. 11 a section view according to section line C - C in Fig. 10 Fig. 12 a side view based on Fig. 8, with the knife in the actuated position, Fig. 13 a section view according to section line F - F in Fig. 12, Fig. 14 a view according to view arrow I in Fig. 12, Fig. 15 a sectional view according to section line E - E in Fig. 14, Fig. 16 a side view of the knife in the unactuated position, with the adjusting mechanism in the blade change position, Fig. 17 a side view of the knife in the blade change position, Fig. 18 a side view of a housing-like first actuating part of the knife, Fig. 19 a perspective view of the first actuating part from a front oblique angle, Fig. 20 a perspective view of the first actuating part from a rear oblique angle, Fig. 21 a side view of a second actuating part of the knife, Fig. 22 a view according to view arrow J in Fig. 21, Fig. 23 a perspective view of the second actuating part from a rear oblique angle, Fig. 24 a view according to view arrow K in Fig. 22, Fig. 25 a side view of the actuator, Fig. 26 a view according to view arrow L in Fig. 25, Fig. 27 a view according to view arrow M in Fig. 25, Fig. 28 a perspective view of the actuator from a first side, Fig. 29 a perspective view of the actuator from a second side opposite the first side, Fig. 30 an exploded view of a knife according to a second embodiment of the invention, wherein a blade device and parts of the actuating device are not shown, Fig. 31 a side view of the knife according to Fig. 1 wherein the adjusting device is in the locking position and the second actuating part is in the unactuated position, Fig. 32 a view according to view arrow F in Fig. 31, Fig. 33 a section view according to section line A - A in Fig. 32, Fig. 34 the side view according to Fig. 31, wherein the first actuating part is shown transparently, Fig. 35 a section view according to section line B - B in Fig. 34, Fig. 36 a side view of the knife according to Fig. 34, wherein the adjusting device is set in the operating position, Fig. 37 a section view according to section line D - D in Fig. 36, Fig. 38a a view according to view arrow K in Fig. 36, Fig. 38b a sectional view according to section line C - C in Fig. 38a, Fig. 39 a view according to view arrow K in Fig. 36, Fig. 40 a section view according to section line H - H in Fig. 39, Fig. 41 a side view of the knife, wherein the adjusting device is in the operating position and the second actuating part is in the actuated position, Fig. 42 a view according to view arrow L in Fig. 41, Fig. 43 a sectional view according to section line E - E in Fig. 42, Fig. 44a a sectional view based on Fig. 43, wherein the adjusting device is in the blade change position and the second actuating part is in the blade change position, Fig. 44b a view according to Fig. 42, wherein the adjustment device is in the blade change position, Fig. 44 c a sectional view according to section line G - G in Fig. 44b, Fig. 44d a perspective view of the actuator in detail Fig. 45 a side view of the first actuating part in individual part representation, where hidden structures are shown as dashed lines, Fig. 46 a perspective view of the first actuating part according to Fig. 45, Fig. 47 a side view of the second actuating part, Fig. 48 a view according to view arrow N in Fig. 47, Fig. 49 a view according to view arrow ◯ in Fig. 48, Fig. 50 a perspective view of the second actuation part, Fig. 51 a detailed representation of the actuating element, Fig. 52 a view according to view arrow Q in Fig. 51, Fig. 53 a view according to view arrow S in Fig. 51, Fig. 54, a perspective view of the actuator, Fig. 55 another perspective view of the actuator, Fig. 56 an exploded view of a third embodiment of the knife according to the invention, Fig. 57 a side view of the knife according to Fig. 56, wherein the second 'actuating part' is in the unactuated position and the adjusting device is set in the operating position, Fig. 58 a view of the knife according to Fig. 57, wherein the second actuating part is in the actuated position, Fig. 59 a section view according to section line A3 - A3 in Fig. 59, Fig. 60 a view according to view arrow I in Fig. 57, Fig. 61 a side view according to Fig. 57, wherein the second actuating part is in the rest position and the adjusting device is in the locking position, Fig. 62 a sectional view according to section line B - B in Fig. 61, Fig. 63 a section view according to section line C - C in Fig. 64, Fig. 64 a top view of the knife accordingly Fig. 60, Fig. 65 a side view according to Fig. 57, wherein the adjusting device is in the operating position, Fig. 66 a sectional view according to section line D - D in Fig. 65, Fig. 67 a sectional view according to section line E - E in Fig. 68, Fig. 68 a top view of the knife accordingly Fig. 60, Fig. 69 a side view according to Fig. 57, wherein the adjusting device is in the blade change position, Fig. 70 a side view of the knife, with the second actuating part in the blade change position, Fig. 71 a sectional view according to section line G - G in Fig. 72, Fig. 72 a top view of the knife accordingly Fig. 60, Fig. 73 a sectional view according to section line F - F in Fig. 72, Fig. 74 a side view of the first actuating part, Fig. 75 a perspective view of the first actuation part according to Fig. 74, Fig. 76 a side view of the second actuating part, Fig. 77 a perspective view of the second actuation part according to Fig. 76, Fig. 78 a side view of the actuator, Fig. 79 a view according to view arrow J in Fig. 78, Fig. 80 a section view according to section line H - H in Fig. 79, Fig. 81 a view according to view arrow K in Fig. 80, Fig. 82 a perspective view of the actuator, Fig. 83 a perspective view of the actuator from a perspective Fig. 82 other pages.

[0038] The knife 10 according to the first embodiment has - as in Fig. 1. To be recognized - a first actuating part 11 and a second actuating part 12 of an actuating device 13. The first actuating part 11 and the second actuating part 12 form a joint G1 with a pivot axis a1, such that the second actuating part 12 is fundamentally relative to the first fastening part 11 from the in Fig. 1 can pivot in the directions u1 and u2 from the unactuated position shown. Fig. 1 it can be seen that the first actuating part 11 has a projection 19 at a rear end area 44.

[0039] The first actuating part 11 and the second actuating part 12 are components of the actuating device 13 for actuating a Fig. 2. Blade device 15, which also includes an actuator 14. For the purposes of the invention, a blade device is defined as both a blade carrier with a blade detachably attached to it and a one-piece blade. In this example, the knife 10 has a blade carrier 30 with a blade 17 detachably held therein.

[0040] The actuator 14 has the task of guiding the blade device 15 and, in the event of a relative movement of the second actuating part 12 relative to the first actuating part 11, disengaging it from the position in Fig. 1 shown unactuated position in a Fig. 2 actuated position shown, to convert the movement in such a way that the blade device 15 is between a rest position according to Fig. 1 and a cutting position according to Fig. 2 is relocated. In Fig. Figure 2 shows a sagittal plane S of the knife 10, which extends along a longitudinal center axis of the knife. The axis a1 is approximately perpendicular to the sagittal plane S.

[0041] In the rest position, the blade device 15 is arranged such that parts of the blade protect the user from contact with an edge 18 of the blade device 15, and in the cutting position, the edge 18 projects forward relative to the protective blade parts in such a way that a cutting operation can be carried out. In the present embodiment, the protective blade areas are formed by the first actuating part 11. Alternatively, the protection could be formed by the actuating part 12 or alternatively by both actuating parts 11 and 12, which also applies to all subsequent embodiments.

[0042] Various actuator designs are known from the prior art. In the present example (see Fig. 3) The guide has two links 41 and 42, each forming a joint with the second actuating part 12 and each forming a joint with the blade assembly 15, in order to move the blade assembly 15 on a coupling curve between the rest position and the cutting position. Furthermore, a support 43 is provided as part of the actuator 14, which forms a joint with the link 41 and a joint with the first actuating part 11. This variant of the actuator 14 is not limiting, however, but merely serves as an example.

[0043] It is essential that different operating states can be set for the knife 10 by means of an adjusting device 16 with at least one locking device, here with locking devices 50a and 50b, wherein each operating state has a defined degree of freedom of movement of the second actuating part 12 relative to the first actuating part 11. The locking devices 50a and 50b are synchronized. Each locking device 50a and 50b comprises an actuating element 20 pivotable about an axis of rotation a2. As in Fig. As can be seen in Figure 3, the pivot axis a2 is formed by axle means 22, which engage in counter-axle means 23 of the second actuating part 12 and form a pivot bearing. The knife 10 is adjustable by the adjusting device 16 at least between an operating position, a locking position, and a blade change position. The adjustment of the adjusting element 20 takes place in the unactuated position of the second actuating part 12.

[0044] In the locking position of the adjusting device 16, which is located in the adjustment sequence of the adjusting element 20 between the operating position and the blade change position, the adjusting element 20 is in the Fig. The position shown in section 4 is set. The second actuating part 12 is located according to... Fig. 4 relative to the first actuating part 11 in the unactuated position. The second actuating part 12 cannot move relative to the first actuating part 11 in the direction u1 from the unactuated position in the latching position (see Fig. 4) into the actuated position (see Fig. 2) be pivoted. It is also not possible to move the second actuating part 12 from the unactuated position in direction u2 into the blade-changing position (see Fig. 4) to swivel.

[0045] Counterstructures 27a and 27b of the actuating organ 20 in the form of projections (see the Fig. 5 and Fig. 7a) First counter surfaces 32a and 32b are formed, which interact with locking surfaces 34a and 34b of projections 29a and 29b of the extension 19. A counter structure 26 in the form of a web of the actuating element 20 forms a counter surface 33, which interacts with a locking surface 35 of the extension 19. The locking surfaces 34a and 34b as well as the locking surfaces 35 are located in the path of movement of the actuating element 20, so that the second actuating part 12, on which the actuating element 20 is pivotably mounted, cannot be pivoted in the directions u1 and u2. Fig. Figure 7a shows that the opposing surfaces 32a and 32b as well as 33 are spaced apart from each other and are offset relative to the pivot path and to the bar surfaces 34a, 34b and 35.

[0046] In the Fig. 3 and Fig. 7a shows that a locking element 46 is formed on the counter-structure 26, which interacts with a counter-locking element 47 of the counter-surface 35 and prevents unintentional adjustment of the actuating element 20 from the locking position.

[0047] In Fig. 7b shows that spring means 28 are connected to the adjusting element 20 - here molded on - which are supported on a support surface 31 of the second actuating part 12 and load the adjusting element 20 into the locking position in the blade change position.

[0048] In the operating position of the adjusting device 16, the actuating element 20 is located according to the Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 in a position pivoted counterclockwise about the pivot axis a2 with respect to the locking position. The second actuating element 12 can be pivoted relative to the first actuating element 11 in direction u1 from the unactuated position to the actuated position and in direction u2 from the actuated position to the unactuated position. The return of the second actuating element 12 relative to the first actuating element 11 from the actuated position to the unactuated position is effected in this example by a spring (not shown), which is tensioned during the movement from the unactuated position to the actuated position. A pivoting movement of the second actuating element 12 from the unactuated position in direction u2 to the blade change position is blocked in this position of the actuating element 20.

[0049] As in the Fig. 8 to 15, especially in the Fig. 9 and Fig. As can be seen in Figure 11, in the operating position the first counter surfaces 32a and 32b interact with the first locking surfaces 34a and 34b and prevent movement in direction u2 from the unactuated position of the second actuating part 12. Movement in direction u1 from the unactuated position to the actuated position is possible because the locking surfaces 35 are not located in the path of movement of the counter surfaces 33. The counter structure 26 with the counter surfaces 33 can move past the locking structure 29 with the second locking surfaces 35.

[0050] The activated position is in the Fig. Figures 12 to 15 are shown. The locking surface 35 strikes a stop surface 51 in the actuated position (see Figure 12 to 15). Fig. 15) of the second actuating part 12. In this position, the blade device 15 is moved into the cutting position.

[0051] Is the adjusting element 20 in the blade change position (see the Fig. 16 and Fig. 17) the second actuating part 12 can be moved relative to the first actuating part 11 from the unactuated position according to Fig. 16 in the direction of u2 into a blade change position (see Fig. 17) can be swivelled. In this position, access to the blade device 15 is possible.

[0052] In the blade-changing position of the adjusting element 20, the counter surfaces 34a and 34b are briefly disengaged from the locking surfaces 32a and 32b, so that they can move past each other (see Fig. 16) In the blade-changing position, the spring elements 28 bias the adjusting element 20 into the locking position. The spring elements 28 bear against the abutment surface 31 of the second actuating part 12. This means that after being moved into the blade-changing position, the adjusting element 20 automatically returns to the locking position. When the second actuating part 12 moves from the blade-changing position in the direction u1 to the unactuated position, the first inclined surface 51 of the adjusting element 20 and the second inclined surface 52 of the extension 19 come into contact and move the adjusting element 20 against the force of the spring elements 28 into the blade-changing position until the two inclined surfaces 45 and 51 have passed each other.When the second actuating part 12 has reached the unactuated position, the adjusting element 20 is moved by the spring means 28 into the locking position and the second actuating part 12 cannot be moved into either the actuated position or the blade change position without active adjustment of the adjusting element 20.

[0053] Of course, according to an alternative embodiment of the knife 10, the actuating element 20 with the counter-structures 26 and 27a and 27b with the counter-surfaces 32a, 32b and 33 could be pivotably mounted on the first actuating part 11 and the locking surfaces 34a, 34b and 35 could be formed on a projection of the second actuating part 12.

[0054] The actuating element 20 comprises locking means 21 with which the actuating element 20 can be locked in at least one position, in the present example in two positions, namely in the operating position and the locking position. The locking means 21 interact with counter-locking means 24a and 24b (see the Fig. 7 and Fig. 11) together, which in this example are formed on the second actuating part 12. In this embodiment, the locking means 21 are formed on an elastically deformable arm, wherein the locking means 21 can be moved out of engagement with the counter-locking means by elastic deformation of the arm.

[0055] By overcoming a minimum actuating force on the actuating element 20, the locking means 21 move, e.g., when the actuating element 20 is adjusted from the locking position to the operating position, out of engagement with the counter-locking means 24a, which are provided for the locking position (see Fig. 7a), and lock into place when the operating position is reached with the corresponding counter-locking devices 24b to fix the operating position (see Fig. 11) of the actuator 20.

[0056] In the Fig. Figures 18 to 20 show the first actuating part 11 as a separate component. The actuating part 11 is housing-like and comprises a closed back 37 and side walls 38a and 38b. A blade exit opening 39 is formed in a front end region 36. An opening 40 is formed opposite the back 37. In this example, the extension 19 is designed as a plate at a rear end region 44, which has a small thickness in the Y direction and extends substantially in the xz direction. Projections extend on both sides from the extension 19 in the y1 and y2 directions.

[0057] The Fig. Figures 22 to 25 show the second actuating part 12 as a separate component. It comprises joint structures 48 and 49 for the pivotable mounting of the control arms 41 and 42, as well as a joint structure 23 for the pivotable mounting of the actuating element 20. Fig. The abutment surface 31 is visible at 22.

[0058] The actuator 20 is located in the Fig. Figures 26 to 30 are shown as individual parts. In this example, the spring elements 28 and the detent elements 21 are integrally formed with the adjusting element 20. However, they could alternatively be attached to it. The axle elements 22 are also integrally formed.

[0059] In this example, the actuator comprises 20 (see the Fig. 25 to 29) two side plates 25a and 25b, which are connected to each other by a web 26. In addition, projections 27a and 27b are formed on the side plates 25a and 25b, which extend in the y-direction to a gap between the side plates 25a and 25b. The first counter-structures 27a and 27b form the first counter-surfaces 32a and 32b, which, together with the first locking surfaces 34a and 34b of the locking structure 29, can prevent a pivoting movement of the second actuating part 12 in direction u2, while the second counter-structures 26 form the second counter-surfaces 33, which—depending on the position of the actuating element 20—together with the second locking surfaces 35, can prevent a movement of the second actuating part in direction u1.

[0060] A second embodiment is described in the Fig. Figures 30 to 55 are shown. The entire knife is designated by reference numeral 110. The knife 110 according to the second embodiment corresponds essentially to the first embodiment. It differs with respect to the adjusting device 116.

[0061] In this embodiment, a blade device 115 is only schematically represented by a dashed line in Fig. Figure 33 shows the actuator 114 only schematically, since – as in the first embodiment – ​​different versions of the actuator can be used. For example, the blade assembly 115 and the actuator 114 are designed as in the first embodiment. The blade assembly 115 comprises a blade carrier with a blade 117 and an edge 118 formed thereon. In this embodiment, the actuator 114 has the same function as in the first embodiment, but can be designed differently. The guidance of the blade assembly 115 with two links corresponds, for example, to the first embodiment.

[0062] According to Fig. Figure 30 shows an exploded view of the essential parts of the knife 110 for the invention. The knife 110 comprises a first actuating part 111 and a second actuating part 112 of an actuating device 113, which also includes the actuator 114. The actuating parts 111 and 112 together form a pivot joint G1 with pivot axis a1 and are each elongated in the manner of a pliers actuation. The pivot joint G1 is located at a front end region of the knife 110.

[0063] The first actuating part 111 is in the Fig. 45 and Fig. Figure 46 shows the assembly. It comprises a back 145 and adjoining, opposing side walls 146a and 146b, which form an interior space 141 between them. The first actuating element 111 forms a lower opening 135 and a blade exit opening 136. In a central area 147 located between a front end region 143 and a rear end region 144, the side walls 146a and 146b have a height H2, which is lower than the height H1 in a region closer to the front end 137. In this embodiment, the side walls 146a and 146b at least partially conceal essential parts of the guide device for the blade assembly 115 and of the actuator 114.

[0064] In the rear end region 144, a locking counter-structure 138 projecting into the receiving space 141 is formed on both side walls 146a and 146b, which is part of locking devices 150a and 150b of the adjusting device 116. Fig. 45 shows the bar structure 138 concealed by a dashed line. As in Fig. As can be seen in Figure 46, a connecting structure 148 can, for example, connect the side walls 146a and 146b on their underside and separate the openings 135 and 136 from each other. The connecting structure 148 increases the stability of the first actuating part. At the rear end region 144, the receiving chamber 141 is bounded by a rear wall 149.

[0065] The second actuating part 112 is in the Fig. Figures 47 to 50 are shown. At one end region opposite the pivot axis a1, the second actuating part 112 is provided with a projection 119. The projection 119 is plate-like and extends essentially in the xz-plane. On both sides, axial means 122 project from the projection 119 in the directions y1 and y2. These are designed to form a pivot joint G2 with complementary counter-axial means 123 of the actuating element 120 for pivoting the actuating element 120 about an element pivot axis a2. This axis is perpendicular to a sagittal plane S, which is Fig. 32 is shown and is positioned as in the first embodiment.

[0066] A spring element 128 is formed on the extension 119, the function of which is explained below. Furthermore, the extension 119 is provided with counter-locking elements 124a and 124b, which interact with locking elements 121 of an actuating element 120 to fix the actuating element 120 in the operating position and to prevent movement into the operating position when the locking element is in the locked position. These can, for example, be designed in the form of a projection / recess pair.

[0067] Adjacent to the locking means 124a, guide means 151 are provided which guide the locking means 121, which are moved out of engagement with the locking means 124a or 124b when the adjusting element 120 is set to the blade change position, back into engagement with the locking means 124b of the locking position when returned to the locking position. The guide means 151 can, for example, be designed in the form of a groove.

[0068] The actuator 120 is in the Fig. Figures 51 to 55 show the device. It has two plate sections 125a and 125b, between which a section of the extension 119 can be arranged. The axial means 122 of the extension 119 are designed to interact with counter-axial means 123 of the actuating element 120, forming a pivot joint G2. The plate sections 125a and 125b are connected to each other by a web 126. The web 126 forms a support surface for the spring means 128.

[0069] Actuating elements 129 extend from both plate areas 125a and 125b, which are provided for adjusting the adjusting device 116. In this embodiment, the locking means 121 in each of the plate areas 125a and 125b are formed by a tongue that is freestanding from the respective plate area and is connected to the material of the respective plate area 125a or 125b only at one end. As, for example, in the Fig. 52 and Fig. As can be seen in Figure 53, a projection 130 is formed on each locking means 121, wherein the projections 130 of the two locking means 121 are directed towards each other and point to an intermediate space 131 between the plate areas 125a and 125b.

[0070] From each plate area 125a and 125b, a counter-structure 140, designed as a wall and having a semicircular cylindrical counter-surface 133, projects coaxially parallel to the pivot axis a2 in the directions y1 and y2. Each counter-structure 140 forms part of one of two synchronized locking devices 150a and 150b, respectively, and is designed to interact with the locking structure 138 on each of the side walls 146a and 146b of the first actuating part 111 to lock movement of the second actuating part 112 relative to the first actuating part 111 in the direction u1 and / or in the direction u2. A locking surface 134 (see the Fig. 51 and Fig. 54) is designed to automatically engage the locking structure and the counter-structure when the second actuating part 112 has previously been moved into the blade change position.

[0071] The adjusting device 116 is adjustable between a locking position, an operating position and a blade change position, as in the first embodiment.

[0072] In the latch position (see the Fig. 31 to 35) movement from the unactuated position in direction u1 to the actuated position and to the blade change position is not possible. According to the sectional view in Fig. 33 The counter surface 133 interacts with the locking surface 139 of the locking structure 138. The counter surface 133 encompasses the locking surface 139 in such a way that a surface area 133a of surface 133 interacts with a surface area 139a of surface 139, and a surface area 133b, arranged diametrically opposite surface 133a, interacts with a surface area 139b, preventing movement of the second actuating part 112 from the unactuated position in directions u1 and u2. Thus, both movement of the second actuating part 112 relative to the first actuating part 111 into the actuated position and movement into the blade-changing position are prevented.

[0073] From the bolt position according to Fig. 31, which lies between the operating position and the blade change position in the adjustment sequence of the adjusting element 120, the adjusting device 116 is moved into an operating position according to the Fig. 37 to 43 adjustable by rotating the adjusting element 120 in the direction of p1. The knife 110 is in the operating position of the adjusting element 120 between an unactuated position (see the Fig. 37 to 40) and an actuated position (see the Fig. 41 to 43) adjustable. From the unactuated position (see the Fig. 37 to 40) the second actuating part 112 can be adjusted in direction u1 into the actuated position (see the Fig. 41 to 43) and from the actuated position in the direction of u2 to the unactuated position.

[0074] Especially in Fig. 40 shows that the counter surface 133 of the actuating element 120 interacts with the locking surface 139 in such a way that movement of the second actuating part 112 in direction u2 is prevented, while movement in direction u1, into the actuated position, is readily possible. Fig. Figure 40 shows that in the operating position of the actuator 120, the surface area 133a blocks a movement of the second actuating part 112 in the direction of u2 together with the surface area 139a, while the surface areas 133b and 139b can move past each other when the second actuating part 112 moves in the direction of u1.

[0075] In the unactivated position according to Fig. 36 The blade device 115 is in a rest position in which the cutting edge 118 of the blade 117 is shielded from contact by knife areas. In the present example, the first actuating part 111 forms these protective areas; alternatively, the second actuating part 112, or alternatively both the first actuating part 111 and the second actuating part 112, could form the areas.

[0076] In the actuated position, the blade device 115 is in a cutting position (see Fig. 41), such that the cutting edge 118 projects forward with respect to the shielding knife parts. In the present example, the cutting edge 118, in the actuated position, emerges from an opening 136 of the first actuating part 111 and projects forward with respect to a front knife end 137. In the actuated position (see Fig. 43) a locking surface 134 of the actuating element 120 interacts with the locking counter-structure 138 and prevents the actuating element 120 from moving in the direction of p2 into the locking position.

[0077] A rotation of the adjusting element 120 from the locking position according to Fig. 32 in the direction of p2, the adjusting device 116 is moved from the locking position to the blade change position (see Fig. 44a). In the blade change position, a movement of the second actuating part 112 from the unactuated position in direction u1 to the actuated position is not possible; a movement in direction u2 to the blade change position is possible according to Fig. However, step 44 can be performed, allowing access to the blade device 115 and replacement of the blade 117. Based on Fig. 44a it is conceivable that the surface areas 133b and 139b prevent a movement of the second actuating part 112 in the direction of u1, while the surface areas 133a and 139a can be moved past each other, so that a movement of the second actuating part 112 in the direction of u2 is possible.

[0078] The spring means 128 of the extension 119 (see Fig. 44c) lie against the bridge 126 of the adjusting element 120 in the locking position. When the adjusting element 120 moves into the blade change position, the spring elements 128 are elastically deformed and load the adjusting element 120 from the blade change position into the locking position.

[0079] When the actuating element 120 moves from the locking position to the blade-changing position (in this embodiment against the spring force of the spring elements 128), the locking means 121 are moved from engagement with the counter-locking means 124b into engagement with the guide means 151. When the actuating element 120 returns to the locking position (which in this embodiment is effected by the restoring force of the spring elements 128, but can alternatively be done manually), the locking means 121 are guided by the guide means 151 into engagement with the counter-locking means 124b, whereby the actuating element 120 moves into the locking position.

[0080] When the second actuating element 112 is pivoted from the blade-changing position in direction u1 back to the unactuated position, the actuating surfaces 152 of the bridge 126 collide with the locking structures 138, briefly moving the actuating element 120 into the blade-changing position so that the counter surface 133 can engage with the locking surface 139. After the counter surface 133 and the locking surface 139 have engaged, no force acts on the actuating surface 152, and the spring means 128 move the actuating element 120 back into the locking position, with the detent means 121 engaging with the counter detent means 124b.

[0081] A third embodiment is described in the Fig. Figures 56 to 83 are shown. In principle, the knife 210 according to the third embodiment corresponds to the first two embodiments, but differs with regard to the adjusting device 216. The adjusting device 216 comprises two locking devices 250a and 250b.

[0082] For the sake of clarity, in this embodiment a blade device 215 is only shown schematically in Fig. 59 is shown in dashed lines. In the present embodiment, this comprises a blade carrier with a blade 217 detachably held therein, the blade having an edge 218 which is only in Fig. 59 is shown in the form of a dashed line. However, it is designed according to the first embodiment. Alternatively, the blade device 215 could, for example, also be designed as a single piece.

[0083] According to Fig. In this embodiment, the knife—as in the first embodiment—has a first actuating part 211 and a second actuating part 212 of an actuating device 213. The actuator 214 is also designed as in the first embodiment to move the blade assembly 215 between the rest position and the cutting position. In this embodiment, the actuator 214 includes a guide for the blade assembly 215 comprising two links 241 and 242, which are pivotably mounted on the second actuating part 212 and on the blade assembly 215, respectively. A support 243 rests against the first actuating part 211 and forms a pivot joint with the link 241. However, the design of the actuator 214 of the actuating device 213 is not essential to the invention. It can alternatively be designed differently.The essential components are the actuating parts 211 and 212 and the adjusting device 216, which is described below.

[0084] In this example, the second actuating part 212 comprises an extension 219 on which the actuating element 220 is mounted for translational displacement. In this example, the actuating element 220 is linearly displaceable in the directions p1 and p2; alternatively, it could also be displaceable on a curved or a free-form path.

[0085] The actuating element 220 is biased into the latch position by spring elements 228. The spring elements 228 are received in a spring seat 229 on a guide 227 of the extension 219. The guide is formed on both sides of the extension 219, in one area as a groove and in another area as a through-hole. The through-hole forms the spring seat in which the spring elements 228 are arranged. (I need more information here; the function is not entirely clear to me.) The guide 227 serves to guide the actuating element 220.

[0086] The functionality of the actuating element 220 is the same as in the first and second embodiments, i.e., the actuating element 220 can be set to an operating position, a locking position, and a blade change position by moving it.

[0087] The actuating element 220 is provided with inwardly directed projections 232 that engage in the guide 227. In this way, the movement of the actuating element 220 is guided and limited by the guide 227. The actuating element 220 is thus also firmly held on the extension 219. Furthermore, counter-locking elements 224a, 224b are formed on the extension 219, which interact with locking elements 221 of the actuating element 220.

[0088] The locking elements 221 project into an interior space of the U-shaped actuating element 220. The actuating element 220 can be locked in an operating position by means of the locking elements 221 and the counter-locking elements 224a and 224b. If the actuating element 220 is moved out of the locking structure 224a of the operating position, the locking structure 224b allows movement of the actuating element 220 into the locking position and into the blade change position. Movement between the locking structures 224a and 224b is made possible by an increased actuating force on the actuating element 220. The spring elements 228 bias the actuating element 220 into the locking position.

[0089] The actuating element 220 comprises a counter structure 240 with counter surfaces 233a and 233b, which interact with a locking structure 238 with locking surfaces 239a and 239b of the first actuating part 211. The locking structure 238 is located in a receiving space 225 of the first actuating part 211 and is therefore in Fig. 56 are shown only as dashed lines. In Fig. Figure 56 shows the second actuating part 212 in a position that is not actuated relative to the first actuating part 211. Fig. Figure 58 shows the activated position.

[0090] In the latch position (see the Fig. 59 to 62) of the actuating element 220, which is located in the adjustment sequence between the operating position and the blade change position, the locking structure 238 is arranged in a central region F of the counter-structure 240. The locking surface 239a interacts with a counter-surface 233b, and the locking surface 239b interacts with a counter-surface 233a. The second actuating element cannot be moved in either direction u1 or u2. The blade assembly 215 therefore cannot be moved from its rest position. It remains in the rest position, in which contact of the blade 217, in particular the cutting edge 218, by protective elements of the first actuating element 211 is prevented. Movement of the second actuating element 212 relative to the first actuating element 211 in direction u2 into the blade change position is not possible.

[0091] Is the actuator 220 arranged in the operating position (see the Fig. 65 to 68) the locking structure 238 is located in a region E of the counter-structure 240. In the operating position, the second actuating part 212 can be moved from the unactuated position to the actuated position, whereby the blade device 215 is moved from the rest position to the cutting position and the blade 217 with the cutting edge 218 emerges from the opening 235 of the first actuating part 211. The locking surface 239a and the counter-surface 233b prevent movement of the second actuating part 212 into the blade-changing position.

[0092] In the blade change position (see the Fig. 69 to 73) of the actuating element 220, the locking structure 238 is arranged in area H of the actuating element 220. In this position, movement in the direction u1 into the actuated position is blocked by the interaction of the counter surface 233a and the locking surface 239b. Movement of the second actuating part 212 relative to the first actuating part 211 in the direction u2 into the blade change position is possible. The actuating element 220 must be moved into the blade change position against spring force and is moved back into the locking position by the spring means 228 when the user's force decreases.

[0093] When the second actuating part 212 is returned to the unactuated position (see Fig. 71) An inclined surface 222 of the counter-structure 240 and an inclined surface 223 of the locking structure 238 come into contact and move the actuating element 220 into the blade-changing position (Does the adjustment occur automatically?). After the inclined surface 222 has passed the inclined surface 223, the actuating element 220 is moved into the locking position by the spring means 228 in the unactuated position of the second actuating element 212. This places the knife in a secured state, and unintentional movement of the blade assembly 215 into the cutting position is not possible after the blade change. In other words, there is no risk of the second actuating element 212 being unintentionally moved into the actuated position after the blade change. The risk of injury is thus significantly reduced.

[0094] In Fig. 73 shows that the resting agent 221 is in engagement with the counter-structure 224b of the counter-resting agent 224.

[0095] In the side view of the housing-like first actuating part 211 according to Fig. In section 74, the bar structure 238 is shown as a dashed line. Fig. 75 shows that the bar structures 238 are formed on both opposite side walls 236a and 236b of the knife 210. In Fig. 75 It is also apparent that an underside of the knife 210 opposite the knife back 237 is open to the receiving space 225 except for a bridge 226 connecting the side walls 236a and 236b.

[0096] The second actuating part 212 is in Fig. 76 in a side view and in Fig. Figure 77 shows the guide 227 and the counterweights 224 with the counter-structures 224a and 224b are visible. Although in Fig. Only one guide 227 is visible on section 77, but guides 227 are formed on both sides of the extension 219. The spring seat 229 in the area of ​​the guide 227 is also visible.

[0097] The actuator 220 is in the Fig. Shown from 78 to 83. In the Fig. 79 and Fig. Figure 81 shows the counter-structure 240 formed on both sides of the actuating element 220. In the sectional view according to... Fig. The locking means 221 are visible at 80, which interact with the counter-contact means 224 of the second actuating part 212. Fig. 81 and Fig. 82 reveal the projections 232 which engage in the guides 227 and guide the actuating element 220. QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] EP 2 807 001 A1

[0004]

Claims

[1] Knife (10, 110, 210) with a first actuating part (11, 111, 211) and a second actuating part (12, 112, 212) of an actuating device (13, 113, 213), which forms a joint (a1) with the first actuating part (11) and is pivotable from an unactuated position about a part pivot axis (a1) relative to the first actuating part (11) in a first direction (u1) in order to move a blade device (15, 115, 215) from a rest position into a cutting position and is pivotable in a second direction (u2) in order to move the second actuating part (12) into a blade changing position, with an adjusting device (16) with an actuator (20, 120, 220), with which different degrees of freedom with regard to the movement of the second actuating part (12) are adjustable relative to the first actuating part (11) such thatthat depending on the setting of the actuator (20) in the operating position or in the blade change position, a first or a second of the pivoting directions (u1, u2) is blocked or that when set in the locking position, both pivoting directions (u1, u2) are blocked. [2] Knife according to claim 1, characterized by that the adjusting device is designed such that the locking position setting is arranged between the blade change position and operating position settings with respect to the setting sequence of the adjusting member (20). [3] Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the actuator (20) can be moved translationally or rotationally between the operating position, locking position and blade change position. [4] Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the counter surfaces are arranged coaxially to the organ pivot axis (a2) in the unactuated position. [5] Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the locking surface and the counter surface extend in directions parallel to the organ pivot axis (a2). [6] Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the locking surface and / or the counter surface are part-circular cylindrical. [7] Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the locking surface (34a, 34b, 35) and the counter surface (32a, 32b, 33) are formed at a rear end region (44) of the knife. [8] Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the locking surface and / or the counter surface is formed on an extension of the respective actuating part. [9] Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the actuating member (20, 120) has locking means (21) which are moved into positive engagement with counter-locking means (24) in at least one position of the locking position, the operating position and the blade changing position. [10] Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the actuator (20, 120) has a return element in the form of a spring means (28) which loads the actuator (20, 120) into the locking position. [11] Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that a locking structure with at least one locking surface and a counter-structure with at least one counter-surface are designed with inclined surfaces in order to move the actuating element when the second actuating part moves from the blade changing position into the unactuated position so that the locking surface and the counter-surface can move past each other. [12] Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the adjusting device (16, 116) has two locking devices (50a, 50b, 150a, 150b) which are synchronized with one another. [13] Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that parts of a first locking device (50a, 150a) and a second locking device (50b, 150b) are assigned to the actuator (20, 120). [14] Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the part pivot axis (a1) is arranged approximately at right angles to a sagittal plane (E). [15] Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that an organ pivot axis (a2) is arranged approximately parallel to the part pivot axis (a1).

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