MOLDED BUILDING BLOCK FOR ARRANGEMENT ON A FLOOR PLATE OR ON OR UNDER A CEILING PLATE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE MOLDED BUILDING BLOCK

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a preformed building block for placement between a building wall and a floor or ceiling slab, for supporting the building wall on the floor or ceiling slab, or for supporting the ceiling slab on the building wall. Furthermore, the invention also relates to a method for producing such a preformed building block.

[0002] Connection elements for wall connection systems that connect a building wall to a floor or ceiling slab to support the building wall, or vice versa, are well known. They are used in a wall connection system to create a connection between a cast, vertical concrete wall and a floor or ceiling slab located below it, or vice versa. This is intended to achieve the greatest possible thermal decoupling between the ceiling or floor slab and the building wall.

[0003] European patent EP 2 405 065 B1, for example, discloses a compressive force-transmitting and insulating connection element for a wall connection system for connecting a building wall to a floor or ceiling slab. Known wall connection systems have several such connection elements with an insulating body for thermally separating the building wall and the floor or ceiling slab. The insulating body comprises one or more compression elements made of concrete material penetrating the upper and lower support surfaces of the insulating body to ensure the compressive strength of the connection element in the vertical direction. By means of the compression elements, vertically acting compressive forces are introduced from a building wall arranged above the connection element into the floor or ceiling slab below. The compression elements are arranged at intervals from one another within the insulating body.

[0004] Depending on the size of the building wall, this can lead to the problem that shear forces, i.e., forces acting longitudinally along the wall, can only be partially absorbed and transferred to the underlying floor or ceiling slab. This can lead to an uneven distribution of forces along the building wall, which can result in uneven expansion of the wall in its longitudinal direction.

[0005] AT 002 799 U1 discloses a ceiling formwork block with integrated thermal insulation, which forms the ceiling formwork after bricking. DE 200 08 570 U1 discloses a brick-shaped thermal insulation element for thermal decoupling between wall sections and floor / ceiling slabs, consisting of at least one pressure-resistant supporting element and at least one thermally insulating element. The thermal insulation element has at least one anchoring projection on its outer side, which serves for a positive connection to the adjacent wall section.

[0006] The present invention is based on the object of addressing one of the aforementioned problems. In particular, a possibility for connecting a building wall to a floor or ceiling slab is to be demonstrated, which improves the transfer of shear forces acting in the longitudinal direction of the building wall and preferably ensures a uniform longitudinal displacement along the building wall. In particular, the invention is based on the object of providing a prefabricated component with which shear forces acting in the longitudinal direction of the building wall can be transferred into a floor or ceiling slab in an improved manner. In particular, at least one alternative to the known wall connection elements is to be created.

[0007] According to the invention, a shaped building block according to claim 1 is proposed. The shaped building block thus has a shaped body made of concrete material, which comprises a support surface facing the floor or ceiling slab and a bearing surface running essentially parallel thereto and facing the load-bearing building wall, wherein the shaped body has a plurality of insulation body sections running essentially parallel to and between the support and bearing surfaces. The shaped building block is designed as a fixed bearing building block, wherein the shaped body has, on its bearing surface and / or support surface, a profile element protruding therefrom and formed integrally with the shaped body as a connecting section to the building wall and / or the floor or ceiling slab, wherein the profile element is designed to absorb shear forces acting parallel to the bearing surface and / or support surface in the longitudinal direction of the building wall.

[0008] A preformed block is proposed that has a concrete base body interspersed with insulating body sections. This base body, referred to here as the preformed block, forms the part of the preformed block that transfers forces between the building wall and the floor or ceiling slab. A concrete material is proposed for this purpose. The contact surface and the bearing surface are thus made of concrete. The insulating body sections are intended for thermal insulation.

[0009] The base body or preform provides the preformed block with its supporting structure. This is why the term preformed block is also used, because the concrete component has the properties of a stone or building block, or is even considered a stone, and preferably also provides the form. The preformed block, or at least the preformed body, preferably has a cuboid shape. The shape of the preformed body preferably corresponds to the shape of the preformed block. However, the preformed block can have additional elements and / or an additional layer, and in this case, it may deviate slightly from the shape of the preformed body.

[0010] However, the insulating body sections located between the contact surface and the support surface are generally incorporated into the concrete form body in such a way that they do not determine the shape of the form block. Instead of the cuboid shape, other shapes are also possible, such as a shape with at least two converging sides. However, these do not include the contact surface and the support surface, which should run plane-parallel to each other.

[0011] According to the invention, the preformed block is designed as a fixed bearing block. A fixed bearing block is designed to absorb shear forces acting in the longitudinal direction of the wall and, in particular, to fix the building wall relative to the floor and / or ceiling slab. A sliding bearing block, which is not part of the invention, in contrast, enables relative movement in the longitudinal direction of the wall between the building wall and the floor or ceiling slab. A preformed block is understood here to be a type of artificially produced stone that preferably consists of a single piece or is formed in one piece. The preformed body made of concrete material preferably defines the external dimensions of the preformed block.

[0012] An insulating body section can, for example, be an insulating body extending through the molded body. Several of these can be provided, which can be arranged parallel to one another or can intersect one another, to name just two examples. Several insulating body sections can be designed as several insulating bodies or as a single, continuous insulating body. It is thus also conceivable that, in one embodiment, the several insulating body sections are arranged relative to one another or connected to one another in such a way that a single insulating body with a uniform shape is formed. In another embodiment of the invention, the several insulating body sections are arranged relative to one another in such a way that they form several separate insulating bodies within the molded component.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the insulating body sections extend through the molded body from one side surface to the oppositely arranged side surface of the molded component. Thus, the insulating body sections preferably extend across the entire width or length of the molded component in at least one of the main directions, thereby further reducing heat transfer through the molded component from its contact surface toward the support surface.

[0014] The shaped body preferably has first side surfaces that run parallel to one another and preferably second side surfaces that run transversely to the first side surfaces and parallel to one another. The first and second side surfaces therefore form a rectangle in a plan view. For this purpose, it is proposed that n insulating body sections penetrate the shaped module approximately transversely to the first side surfaces and m insulating body sections penetrate the shaped module approximately transversely to the second side surfaces. The insulating body sections therefore form a grid pattern in a plan view, wherein it is also possible for only one insulating body section to be provided in at least one direction. Preferably, n is not equal to m, so that different numbers of insulating body sections are provided in the two directions. Preferably, two or more insulating body sections run between the first and second side surfaces of the shaped module.

[0015] In one embodiment, the insulating body sections run at the same height between the contact surface and the support surface of the molded component, thereby forming a lattice structure. In an alternative configuration, the insulating body sections run at different heights or levels between the contact surface and the support surface of the molded component. In particular, the plurality of insulating body sections, each running transversely to one another, run at different heights or levels within the molded component, wherein in one possible configuration the insulating body sections do not touch one another. In a preferred development of the molded component according to the invention, the insulating body sections run essentially transversely to one another and cross one another, thereby forming a lattice or cross structure. This allows them to form an insulation matrix within the molded body.The insulating body sections are preferably interconnected such that each insulating body section is part of the insulation matrix. Depending on the size or diameter of the insulating body sections, the insulation matrix can have any number of n insulating body sections and any number of m insulating body sections. Preferably, an insulation matrix with 4x3, 6x3, and 8x3 insulating body sections is provided. Such an insulation matrix comprising multiple insulating bodies can also be manufactured as a single unit and can also be formed in one piece.

[0016] The insulating body sections preferably have a cylindrical shape, in particular with a substantially oval or elliptical cross-section. The shape of the insulating body sections simultaneously determines the internal shape of the molded body. Due to its resulting shape, the molded body can easily absorb high vertical compressive forces and, if necessary, oblique shear forces and dissipate them through the molded block into an underlying floor or ceiling slab and vice versa. The shape of the insulating body sections thus has a direct or indirect influence on the insulating properties and the mechanical properties of the molded block. The proposed shape creates good insulating properties while simultaneously maintaining good mechanical properties.

[0017] In order to further increase the strength of the molded body and thus of the molded component as a whole, one embodiment of the invention provides for the cross-section of the insulating body sections to be reduced or increased in the direction of extent. This makes it possible to specifically reinforce certain areas of the molded body which are exposed to higher compressive forces and / or shear forces. In areas subject to less stress, the insulating body sections can have correspondingly larger diameters, so that the insulating properties of the molded component in these areas are improved. In one embodiment, the oval or elliptical cross-section preferably runs with its main axis approximately perpendicular to the support surface and with its minor axis parallel to the support surface. The elliptical cross-section is preferably formed within the molded component in such a way that the distance between the vertices on the main axis, which is preferably transverse to the contact or support surface.support surface of the molded body is greater than the distance between the vertices on the minor axis.

[0018] Alternatively, the lateral surface between the two main vertices of the cross-section has the shape or course similar to a catenary line, which gives the insulating body sections increased inherent strength in the direction of the vertically acting compressive forces. The resulting shape of the molded body, in particular, can therefore absorb and transmit forces very well. Here, too, it is proposed that the catenary line run in the direction of a main axis of the insulating body section.

[0019] In a further development of the invention, the insulating body sections are designed and arranged relative to one another in such a way that a support structure, in particular a vault structure, made of concrete material and filled with the insulating body sections is formed inside the molded body. A molded body can be produced by pouring concrete into a mold around an insulating body structure. If this insulating structure were to be removed again after the concrete has hardened, which is described here only for illustrative purposes, a cavity would remain. According to one embodiment, this cavity is designed as a support structure, in particular as a vault structure, and because the insulating structure is not to be removed, this support structure or vault structure is filled with the insulating structure. However, the molded body can in principle also be produced differently.However, it is also possible that the molded body is produced in a different way than by pouring the concrete as described.

[0020] This support structure, or vaulted structure, is a cavity in which a ceiling and a floor are supported against each other at numerous points by column-like support sections. These column-like support sections are formed in the areas between the insulating body sections. Forces can be transmitted through these sections. Preferably, the ceiling and floor of this cavity are curved and each merges continuously into the respective column-like support sections. This allows for effective transmission of transverse forces that are not perpendicular to the ceiling and floor.

[0021] The insulating body sections form or fill channels within the mold body, which together form the cavity. Between these channels, several connecting areas made of concrete material form, which support the ceiling and floor of the cavity, and thus the contact surface and the support surface, against each other. The connecting areas thus form a support structure between the individual insulating body sections. In addition to the connecting areas inside, the contact surface and the support surface are also connected to each other on the side surfaces of the mold block via visible connecting areas made of concrete material.

[0022] Preferably, a support structure as described above comprises a plurality of support pillars, which can also be referred to as support columns, and which extend substantially transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the support or bearing surface of the molded body. The support pillars extending transversely to the support or bearing surface of the molded body both inside and along the side surfaces of the molded component according to the invention ensure good force transmission of, for example, vertical compressive forces or shear forces acting obliquely at an angle to the support or bearing surface. Depending on the shape of the channels extending through the molded body, the support pillars have a constant or a changing cross-section in the longitudinal direction, i.e., over their length.Preferably, the support pillars form several rows of support pillars arranged one behind the other or side by side in the main directions of the plane running between the contact surface and the support surface, within which the insulation matrix is ​​arranged, i.e., in the cavity described as an example. The connecting areas visible from the outside on the side surfaces of the molded component also form such rows of support pillars. This can also be specified by the insulating body sections.

[0023] According to claim 1, the preformed body has, on at least its bearing surface for the building wall, a profile element protruding therefrom as a connecting section with the building wall. With the aid of a connecting section formed in particular on the bearing surface and the contact surface, an area of ​​the contact or support surface is designed to absorb shear forces acting parallel to the bearing surface and / or contact surface and to introduce them into the preformed block. A preformed block designed as a fixed bearing block has, as a connecting section, at least one profile element protruding from the bearing surface and / or the contact surface of the preformed body. The profile element thus creates a connection between an attached wall, floor or ceiling slab and the preformed block, in particular the preformed body. In particular, a building wall or floor slab to be constructed on the bearing surfaceA floor or ceiling panel brought into contact with the support surface is fixed relative to the preform block by means of the profile element.

[0024] In a preformed block designed as a sliding bearing block, the preformed block has a sliding section on its support surface for the building wall to be placed thereon, and preferably also a sliding section on the support surface for the floor and / or ceiling slab arranged underneath. The support surface or the support surface is preferably equipped with a very smooth surface, allowing the building wall or the floor or ceiling slab to slide relative to the preformed block, which at least allows relative movement there.

[0025] In one embodiment, the profile element is designed as a material projection on at least the support surface on the shaped body, which is arranged at least on the support surface. According to claim 1, the profile element is designed as a single piece with the shaped body, wherein the profile element is preferably also made of concrete material. Preferably, the shaped body forms a base surface on the support or support surface, which is determined by the external dimensions of the shaped body, in particular its side lengths a and b. The surface area of ​​the base surface results from the product of a*b. The profile element has protruding, raised surface areas on the base surface of the support or support surface. According to one embodiment of the invention, the profile element has a base surface at the level of the base surface, wherein the base surface of the profile element or the sum of the base surfaces of all profile elements of the support or support surfaceSupport surface, if a plurality of profile elements are formed, is less than 50% of the base surface, in particular less than 45% of the base surface and preferably amounts to approximately 40% of the base surface. The surface areas around the raised or projecting surface areas of the profile element, including any surfaces in between, are thus in total larger than the base surface of the profile element or the sum of the base surfaces, preferably they are larger than 50% of the size of the base surface of the support surface or support surface, in particular larger than 55%, preferably they amount to approximately 60% of the base surface. In one embodiment of the invention, the profile element is a single profile element or several profile elements arranged at a distance from one another, which protrudes preferably transversely to the direction of extension of the building wall to be erected in the form of a toothed joint on the support surface and / or on the support surface of the shaped building block.The profile element running transversely to the direction of extension prevents relative movement in the plane parallel to the contact surface. A single profile element can, for example, also be a profile area composed of several projections and recesses on the contact surface and / or the footprint, e.g., in the form of a wave profile.

[0026] According to one embodiment, the concrete material is a high-strength concrete or high-strength lightweight concrete, in particular an ultra-high-strength fiber concrete, by means of which the strength of the molded component according to the invention is ensured. The molded body is thus made from one of these materials. Preferably, an ultra-high-strength fiber concrete with steel fibers is used, wherein steel fibers with a diameter of preferably 0.1 to 0.3 mm, particularly preferably 0.16 to 0.24 mm, are contained in the concrete material. Depending on their application, i.e. whether the molded component is used as a fixed bearing component or as a sliding bearing component, the molded components according to the invention preferably have different mass fractions of concrete material with the same external dimensions of the molded components. In particular, the volume fraction of the insulating body can be lower for a fixed bearing component than for a sliding bearing component.

[0027] In an embodiment not according to the invention, the shaped module is designed as a sliding bearing module and has a surface property on the contact surface and / or the support surface to allow a relative movement between the shaped module and the building wall or the floor or ceiling slab.

[0028] Such a sliding bearing module transfers vertical forces from the building wall to the ceiling or floor slab, or vice versa, but allows for compensatory movements in the longitudinal direction of the wall. At least, it transfers comparatively little force in the longitudinal direction of the wall. In particular, the sliding bearing module is adapted accordingly in a connection or contact area.

[0029] The connection area or contact area is the area where the precast block comes into contact with the building wall and / or the floor or ceiling slab, and through which vertical forces are transferred between the precast block and the building wall or the floor or ceiling slab. Compensatory movement is particularly permitted in this connection area or contact area. The contact area and / or the support surface can form the connection area.

[0030] According to the invention, the shaped block is designed as a fixed bearing block and has a surface property on the contact surface and / or the support surface for transmitting a shear force between the shaped block and the building wall or the floor or ceiling slab.

[0031] Accordingly, at least one fixed bearing module is provided to fix the wall relative to the floor or ceiling slab, or vice versa. Such a fixed bearing module transfers vertical forces from the building wall to the ceiling or floor slab, or vice versa, without allowing compensatory movements in the longitudinal direction of the wall. The fixed bearing module can also be designed accordingly in a connection or contact area by allowing as little compensatory movements there as possible, but can transfer shear forces, in particular high shear forces, in the longitudinal direction of the building wall. This particularly applies to the high shear forces that typically occur in building stabilization. Here, too, the contact area and / or the bearing surface can form the connection area.

[0032] One possible way to design the contact surface and / or the bearing surface of the fixed bearing module is to create a positive fit. A toothed joint, also known as a wave profile, is particularly preferred for this purpose. This can achieve a secure connection, or at least a good transmission of the thrust forces.

[0033] The invention also relates to a method for producing a molded component according to claim 11.

[0034] The procedure uses the steps: Introducing a plurality of insulating body sections or at least one hollow body receptacle for receiving insulating material into a formwork or mold for forming the molded body, filling the formwork or mold with a concrete material, curing the concrete and removing the molded body thus produced from the formwork or mold.

[0035] This makes it easy to produce a pre-formed building block as described above that can effectively transfer forces between a building wall and a ceiling or floor slab while also achieving good thermal insulation. For this purpose, a mold can be used which is essentially a negative mold of the pre-formed body. The insulating body sections, which are preferably provided as an insulating matrix, are inserted into this mold, for example by being placed there and secured against floating. The concrete mass is then poured in, essentially poured in. The concrete wraps around the insulating body sections, forming the inner shape of the pre-formed body, and then takes on its outer shape thanks to the mold used. The outer shape and inner shape, which achieves the thermal insulation, are thus achieved in a single casting step.The insulating body sections that have achieved the shaping of the internal structure can remain in the molded body and thus serve for thermal insulation.

[0036] Alternatively, instead of inserting the insulating body sections, a hollow body holder can be used as a placeholder for the insulating body sections. This is particularly useful when the intended insulating body sections are so soft or unstable that they would deform undesirably upon pouring, or would react chemically with the liquid concrete, or when the insulating body sections themselves would only assume their shape upon insertion into the mold.

[0037] To produce the molded component according to the invention, in a first process step, the insulation matrix, consisting in particular of mxn insulating body sections, is produced as an insert of the molded component to be produced, or a hollow body receptacle with a channel system is produced in a separate process and provided in the present process. The channel system within the hollow body receptacle has a shape, namely a cavity, that corresponds to the shape of the insulation matrix to be produced in the molded body.

[0038] A molded component is manufactured according to one of the embodiments described above.

[0039] According to one embodiment, the method according to the invention comprises one, several, or all of the following steps: producing the insulation matrix or the hollow body receptacle in a casting or injection mold, wherein, preferably, an EPS rigid foam is introduced into a mold to produce the insulation matrix, and the rigid foam is subsequently solidified by heat exposure. An insulation matrix produced in this way is particularly well suited for insertion into the mold or formwork to help shape the concrete during pouring and then subsequently serve as an insulating agent in the finished molded block.

[0040] Inserting reinforcement before, during, and / or after the insulating matrix or hollow core holder is inserted into the formwork or mold. This allows the strength of the molded block to be increased with minimal effort.

[0041] Filling the formwork or mold with high-strength fiber-reinforced concrete. This also provides a simple way to increase the strength of the mold block, allowing it to transmit correspondingly high forces.

[0042] Compacting the concrete material during and / or after placing it in the formwork or mold, or filling the hollow body receptacle after the mold has been produced with an insulating material that forms the insulation matrix. Compacting can increase strength and, during or after the concrete is placed in the mold or formwork, also achieve a good adaptation of the concrete to the forming surfaces.

[0043] The preferred embodiments or configurations described for the molded component according to the invention are also simultaneously preferred embodiments of the method for producing a molded component. The preferred embodiments of the manufacturing method according to the invention described above, which relate to the molded component itself, are simultaneously preferred embodiments of the molded component.

[0044] The invention is described in more detail below using possible embodiments with reference to the accompanying figures. Herein: Fig. 1: a view of a first embodiment of an arrangement of molded modules; Fig. 2: a view of a second embodiment of an arrangement of molded modules; Fig. 3: a view of an arrangement in a sectional side view; Fig. 4: a perspective view of a first embodiment of a molded module according to the invention; Fig. 5: a perspective view of a molded module not according to the invention, and Fig. 6: a view of an embodiment of an insulation matrix according to the invention.

[0045] Fig. 1 shows a building section 100, which comprises a floor slab 110, a building wall 120, in particular a load-bearing concrete wall, which stands on the floor slab 110. Furthermore, a ceiling slab 130 rests on the building wall 120. In the embodiment shown, an arrangement 140 for connecting the vertical building wall 120 to the floor slab 110 is shown, which forms a wall connection system. The arrangement 140 comprises several preform blocks 150, 160, which are arranged on the floor slab 110 and by means of which the building wall 120 is supported. In the present case, vertical compressive forces D (see also Fig. 4 ) from the building wall 120 to the floor slab 110. The arrangement according to the invention comprises in the embodiment of the Fig. 1 At least two preformed blocks 150 designed as fixed bearing blocks, each arranged at the end of the building wall 120. Between the preformed blocks 150, a plurality of preformed blocks 160 designed as sliding bearing blocks are arranged. The preformed blocks 150 designed as fixed bearing blocks are configured here to absorb shear forces acting in the longitudinal direction of the wall and to transfer them into the underlying floor slab 110. The preformed blocks 160 arranged between the preformed blocks 150, which are designed as sliding bearing blocks, are configured to allow movements occurring in the longitudinal direction of the wall relative to the floor or ceiling slab without significant force transmission in the longitudinal direction of the wall. For this purpose, the two preformed blocks differ particularly in their surface or a connecting area between the preformed body and the attached building wall 120.

[0046] The Fig. 1 The building section shown comprises a building wall 120, which rests at each of its two ends on a fixed bearing area 155 formed from prefabricated blocks 150 and on a sliding bearing area 165 made of prefabricated blocks 160 arranged between the fixed bearing area 155. In the present embodiment, the length of the sliding bearing area between the fixed bearing areas 155 has a ratio to the length of the fixed bearing area 155 in the range between 5:1 and 2.5:1. In a further embodiment, the arrangement 140 shown can also be arranged as a wall connection system in the upper area of ​​the building wall 120 below the ceiling slab 130. In the present embodiment, the distance between the prefabricated blocks 150, 160 is selected such that they touch one another.

[0047] Fig. 2 shows a building section 200 with a floor slab 110, a building wall 220 and a ceiling slab 130. The Fig. 2 The building wall 220 shown is connected to the underlying floor slab 110 by means of an arrangement 240. In contrast to the Fig. 1 In the embodiment shown, the arrangement 240 for connecting the vertical building wall 220 to the floor slab 110 comprises at least one shaped block 150 designed as a fixed bearing block and several shaped blocks 160 designed as sliding bearing blocks. The shaped block 150 designed as a fixed bearing block is arranged, relative to the longitudinal direction of the building wall 220, approximately in the central region, i.e., the shear center (SM). Thus, a single fixed bearing region 155 is formed in the central region of the wall, and sliding bearing regions 165 made of shaped blocks 160 designed as sliding bearing blocks are arranged on both sides of the fixed bearing region 155. Fig. 2 The building wall 220 shown is thus fixed in the central region, preferably around the shear center of the building wall 220, to the underlying floor slab 110 and / or the ceiling slab 130, which, however, is not shown in more detail in the present embodiment.

[0048] At the Fig. 2 In the embodiment of the building section 200 according to the invention shown, the building wall 220 can move above the sliding bearing areas on both sides of the fixed bearing area relative to the floor slab 110 and the ceiling slab 130.

[0049] The Fig. 3 shows a sectional view of an arrangement 140 arranged between the floor slab 110 and the building wall 120 in the area of ​​a fixed bearing block 150. As can be seen from Fig. 3 As can be seen, the molded block 150 has a molded body 170 made of concrete material, which has a support surface 172 facing the floor or underlying ceiling slab and a support surface 174 running essentially parallel thereto and facing the building wall 120 to be supported.

[0050] Fig. 4 shows a molded block designed as a fixed bearing block and Fig. 4 It can be seen that the shaped body 170 has a connecting section 176 on the support surface 174 with two material projections 178 in the form of profile elements running transversely to the direction of extension. The shaped body 170 forms a base surface on the contact or support surface 172, 174, which is determined by the external dimensions of the shaped body, in particular its side lengths a and b. The surface area of ​​the base surface results from the product of a*b. In the illustrated embodiment, the surface area of ​​the base surfaces of all material projections 178 at the level of the base surface is shown to be significantly smaller than 40% for illustrative purposes, in order to clarify that the profile elements as a whole should be smaller, in particular, than their spaces between them. The base surface of a material projection 178 is determined from the Fig. 3 shown edge lengths c, d. Such a connecting section 176 can also be formed on the contact surface 172, as shown Fig. 4 However, this is not shown. The connecting section 176 is designed to fix the molded block 150, for example, relative to a building wall in its longitudinal direction. Fig. 3 The structure shown thus achieves a fixation of the fixed bearing module relative to the building wall 120, 220, namely in the direction of the drawing plane, in order to counteract a relative movement between the building parts.

[0051] How Fig. 4 As further illustrated, the molded component 150 has a plurality of insulating body sections 180, 182, which run substantially parallel to and between the contact surface 172 and the support surface 174. In the present embodiment, the molded component has a cuboid shape. The insulating body sections 180, 182 extend from a first side surface 184 to the oppositely arranged first side surface 184' or from a second side surface 186 to an oppositely arranged second side surface 186' through the molded component 150. Preferably, the insulating body sections 180, 182 run substantially transversely to one another and form a lattice or cross structure within the molded component 170, in particular to form an insulation matrix. Fig. 4 The insulating body sections shown have a circular cross-section. In an alternative embodiment, the cross-section is elliptical or at least oval.

[0052] Fig. 5 shows a molded component 160 designed as a sliding bearing component, which comprises a molded body 170 with a contact surface 172 and a support surface 174. In contrast to the fixed bearing component, the molded body 170 of the molded component 160 designed as a sliding bearing component has a sliding section 188 on the support surface 174 and / or on the contact surface 172. The sliding section 188 is in the embodiment shown of the Fig. 5 a very smooth surface that allows sliding and thus relative movement between the sliding bearing module and the floor or ceiling slab below and the building wall above.

[0053] The shaped block 160, designed as a sliding bearing block, also has a plurality of insulating body sections 180, 182, which extend from one side surface 184, 184' to the oppositely arranged side surface 186, 186' of the shaped block 160. In particular, the sliding section 188 is designed as a guide section. In an alternative embodiment, the shaped block 160, designed as a sliding bearing block, has a profile element on the support surface 174 and / or the contact surface 172, which extends in the longitudinal direction of the building wall supported by the shaped block. The profile element can be, for example, a rail body.

[0054] Fig. 6 shows an embodiment of an insulation matrix 190 according to the invention, which is formed from several insulation body sections 192, 194. As Fig. 6 As illustrated, the insulation matrix 190 has at least four insulating body sections 192, which run parallel to one another in a first direction, and at least three insulating body sections 194, which run parallel to one another and preferably approximately transverse to the insulating body sections 192. The insulating body sections 192, 194 of the insulation matrix have, in the embodiment shown, an oval or elliptical cross-section, which in the Figur 6 but is only indicated. The insulating body sections 192, 194 of the insulation matrix run in one plane. Fig. 6The insulation matrix shown forms, in particular in one embodiment of a method for producing a preformed block 150, 160 for arrangement on a floor or ceiling slab, an insert of the manufacturing method, wherein the insulation matrix 190 is inserted or placed into at least a partially closed formwork or mold, and the formwork or mold is subsequently filled with a concrete material forming the molded body of the preformed block 150, 160. The insulation matrix 190 itself is produced beforehand in a separate process step or is manufactured independently of the method for producing a preformed block and is provided merely as a finished component. List of reference symbols

[0055] 100, 200Building section 110Floor slab 120, 220Building wall 130Ceiling slab 140, 240Arrangement 150, 160Form block 155Fixed bearing area 165Sliding bearing area SMSShear element 170Form body 172, 172'Contact area 174, 174'Support surface 176Connecting section 178Material projection 180, 182Insulating body section 184, 184'Side surface 186, 186'Side surface 188Sliding section 190Insulating matrix 192, 194Insulating body section

Claims

1. Moulded building block (150, 160) for arrangement between a building wall (120, 220), in the form of a concrete wall, and a cast floor or ceiling slab (110, 130), for supporting the building wall (120, 220) on the cast floor or ceiling slab (110, 130) or for supporting the cast floor or ceiling slab (110, 130) on the building wall (120, 220), comprising a moulded body (170) made of concrete material, which comprises a standing surface (172, 172') facing the floor or ceiling slab (110, 130) and a support surface (174, 174') extending substantially parallel to said standing surface and facing the building wall (120, 220) to be supported, wherein the moulded body (170) has a plurality of insulating body portions (180, 182, 192, 194) which extend substantially parallel to and between the standing surface and the support surface, and characterized in that the moulded building block is in the form of a fixed bearing building block, wherein, on its support surface (174, 174') and / or standing surface (172, 172'), the moulded body (170) has a profile element, which projects thereon and is formed in one piece with the moulded body, as a connecting portion (176) with the building wall (120, 220) and / or the floor or ceiling slab (110, 130), wherein the profile element is designed to absorb shear forces acting parallel to the support surface and / or standing surface, in the longitudinal direction of the building wall.

2. Moulded building block according to Claim 1, characterized in that the insulating body portions (180, 182, 192, 194) extend through the moulded body (170) from one lateral surface (184, 186) to the oppositely arranged lateral surface (184', 186') of the moulded building block.

3. Moulded building block according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the moulded body (170) has - first lateral surfaces (184, 184') extending parallel to one another, and - second lateral surfaces (186, 186') preferably extending transversely to the first lateral surfaces (184, 184') and parallel to one another, and - n insulating body portions (180, 182, 192, 194) pass through the moulded building block approximately transversely to the first lateral surfaces (184, 184'), and - m insulating body portions (180, 182, 192, 194) pass through the moulded building block approximately transversely to the second lateral surfaces (186, 186'), - where n is preferably not equal to m.

4. Moulded building block according to at least one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the insulating body portions (180, 182, 192, 194) extend substantially transversely to one another in order together to form a grid or cross structure, in order in particular to form an insulation matrix within the moulded body.

5. Moulded building block according to at least one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the insulating body portions (180, 182, 192, 194) have a cylindrical shape, in particular with a substantially oval or elliptical cross section, or have a cross section which varies in the direction of extent of the insulating body portions, particularly an oval or elliptical cross section, wherein the elliptical cross section preferably extends with its major axis approximately perpendicularly to the support surface and with its minor axis parallel to the support surface.

6. Moulded building block according to at least one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the insulating body portions (180, 182, 192, 194) are formed and arranged with respect to one another in such a way that a supporting structure, in particular an arched structure, made of concrete material and filled with the insulating body portions (180, 182, 192, 194) is formed within the moulded body (170).

7. Moulded building block according to Claim 6, characterized in that the supporting structure preferably has a plurality of supporting pillars which extend substantially transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the standing or support surface of the moulded body.

8. Moulded building block according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the profile element is designed as a material projection (178) on at least the support surface (174, 174') on the moulded body or as a separate component which is arranged at least on the support surface (174, 174').

9. Moulded building block according to at least one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the concrete material is a high-strength concrete or high-strength lightweight concrete, in particular an ultra-high-strength fibre concrete.

10. Moulded building block according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the moulded building block has, on the standing surface (172, 172') and / or the support surface (174, 174'), a surface property for transmitting a shear force between the moulded building block and the building wall (120, 220) or the floor or ceiling slab (110, 130).

11. Method for producing a moulded building block which is prepared for arrangement between a building wall (120, 220), in the form of a concrete wall, and a cast floor or ceiling slab (110, 130), for supporting the building wall (120, 220) on the floor or ceiling slab (110, 130) or for supporting the ceiling slab (110, 130) on the building wall (120, 220), and comprises a moulded body (170) made of concrete material, which comprises a standing surface (172, 172') facing the floor or ceiling slab (110, 130) and a support surface (174, 174') extending substantially parallel to said standing surface and facing the building wall (120, 220) to be supported, wherein the moulded body (170) has a plurality of insulating body portions (180, 182, 192, 194) which extend substantially parallel to and between the standing surface and the support surface, comprising the steps of: - introducing the plurality of insulating body portions (180, 182, 192, 194) or at least a hollow-body receptacle for receiving insulating material into a formwork or mould for forming the moulded body, - filling the formwork or mould with a concrete material, - curing the concrete, and - removing the moulded body thus produced from the formwork or mould, - wherein a moulded building block according to one of Claims 1 to 10 is produced.

12. Method according to Claim 11, comprising one, a plurality or all of the following steps: - producing the plurality of insulating body portions (180, 182, 192, 194), preferably as an insulation matrix (190) or the hollow-body receptacles of a casting or injection mould, preferably feeding a rigid EPS foam into a mould, and preferably solidifying the rigid foam by the action of temperature; - inserting a reinforcement before, with and / or after the introduction of the insulating matrix or the hollow-body receptacle into the formwork or the mould; - filling the formwork or mould with a high-strength fibre concrete; - compacting the concrete material during and / or after the feeding into the formwork or mould, and - filling the hollow-body receptacle, after the moulded body has been produced, with an insulation material, when the moulded body has been manufactured using a hollow-body receptacle.