Non-permanent (reusable) inflatable plastic block for concrete, metal (chromite) and composite block joist roofs

Abstract

The invention is used in the construction of the roof of a building and instead of a unilith or ceramic block in a beam ceiling, a block (concrete or metal, chromite or composite) is used. In such a way that first the block is filled with compressed air through its nozzle, then it is placed between the beams instead of the unilith block and it has a seat on the beam. Its placement is simple and does not require special expertise, and the foundation and jacks required are exactly the same as for a beam ceiling with other blocks. After pouring concrete from under the roof, the air inside the block is first evacuated through the existing groove by applying physical pressure or a suction pump, and then it is removed from the roof by grabbing its handles and can be used for the next roof. The reuse process can be repeated for up to 10 roofs or more. It should be noted that (apart from the type of block, such as Unolite or clay, etc.), the block in the beam roof does not perform any structural work and is used only to hold concrete and temporary loads during construction. After the concrete sets, it is no longer effective and can be evacuated. Therefore, considering this and the possibility of renting this invention, the final price is greatly reduced (up to one twentieth of the price of Unolite).

Description

Description of the invention Title of the invention Non-permanent (reusable) inflatable plastic block for concrete, metal (chromite) and composite block joist roofs Technical background of the relevant invention It is in the field of construction and creating a roof for a building. Technical problem and stating the objectives of the invention Given the advances that mankind has made in the last few decades and considering that today the construction industry uses unolith and beams to create roofs. This implementation method, in addition to the high costs of unolith, results in its incompatibility with the environment (it takes 500 to 800 years to decompose). Therefore, when the building is demolished, the unolith used in the roofs is dumped in a landfill. The use of this invention not only significantly reduces construction costs but also goes hand in hand with environmental protection. In addition, since the air discharge of the block in question reduces its volume and causes it to separate from the beams, it becomes easy to remove the block from its location. A description of the state of the prior art and the history of developments related to the claimed invention. In the past, the roof of buildings was in the form of a curved arch, which caused a lot of debris during an earthquake and caused a lot of danger to life and property. Therefore, the block beam roof replaced this heavy roof. However, the clay or cement beam and block also formed a relatively heavy roof, but due to the integrity of the concrete on it, there was less debris. The block beam roof consists of the following components: a) A concrete beam, which consists of a metal truss whose rebar acts in tension and a concrete shoe for easier transportation and bearing loads during execution (according to Publication 543 of the Planning Organization and the ninth topic of the National Building Regulations). A metal beam (chromite) which consists of a metal truss made of shields, rebar, angles or bent sheets and its lower part acts in tension. b) A block, which actually plays the role of a filling mold and remains in place after concreting to perform joinery underneath it. There are different types of blocks, including clay, cement, and unolitic (according to Iranian National Standard 11108), each of which has its own disadvantages.Clay and cement blocks are heavy and the waste caused by breakage during work is one of their biggest disadvantages. In unolitic blocks, the inhomogeneity of the properties of unolitic and concrete causes cracking in possible movements of the building. Also, these blocks produce smoke during a fire, which can be dangerous, even the slow-burning type (patent number 27769). In addition, the adverse environmental effects of polystyrene materials (unolitic) and its remaining in nature in an undecomposed form are not hidden from anyone. The inflatable plastic block, which is filled with high-pressure air before the blocks are arranged and, after concreting, is removed from its place when the air is released (the subject of this invention) and can be used several times, in addition to reducing the cost, does not have any of the problems of other conventional blocks. d) Concrete, which integrates the entire roof and is responsible for the load-bearing and overall strength. The composite roof is made up of metal beams (beams), longitudinal and transverse rebars, and concrete, and has a long molding process for concreting. This invention, with appropriate dimensions, can also replace composite roof formwork. Providing a solution to an existing technical problem along with an accurate, sufficient, and integrated description of the invention To produce this block, a metal mold is made of metal with the desired dimensions, with the suggested block dimensions (for concrete beams about 50*50*25 / for kermit metal beams 50*65*25 and for composite 50*90*25). Production is done through injection of blown plastic (PET). After preparing the mold, the injection operation is carried out and the desired piece is produced. After cooling, the ceiling block can be used. The mentioned dimensions are suggested and it is possible to manufacture this block in other dimensions. On the bottom surface of the mold, there is a threaded hole for closing the cap with a nozzle for emptying and filling the mold with air. Explanation of shapes, maps and diagrams 1- The block head and bottom, which are integral with its body and made of the same material (PET), do not require assembly. 2- There is a seating edge on the beam, which after concreting the block, can be easily folded from its location on the edge of the beam and removed from its location. 3- To make it easier to separate the block from the concrete and to avoid stress concentration between the beam and the upper slab, the side wall and the side wall of the block are diagonal. 4- The protrusions on the block are to reinforce the upper surface and help to provide strength to withstand loads during construction, such as workers walking on it during installation and concreting. 5-Threaded hole for closing the cap 6-Cap with one-way nozzle A clear and precise statement of the advantages of the claimed invention over prior inventions. 1-Can be used for multiple times more than 10 times 2- High speed of execution 3-Light weight 4- No need for ionolite 5- No waste during demolition 6-Exact dimensions compared to the Unolith 7- Reasonable price due to the possibility of renting this block and returning it after the construction is completed. 8- No need for a specialized operator 9- High strength during concreting 10- Complete recycling after wear and tear and breakage after 10 uses. 11- Easier extraction of the molds from the ceiling compared to the molds available on the market Description of at least one implementation method for implementing the invention After producing and constructing the blocks, first we rebar the concrete columns of the building based on the calculation drawings, and after forming according to the drawings, we pour concrete up to the level under the beams. After removing the formwork, we form the columns at the level under the beams, and then we rebar according to the calculation drawings. Now the roof is ready for the joists. The joists that have been prepared in advance according to the calculation drawings are divided at the ceiling level using the plastic blocks of this invention, and the joists are fixed in place. Then the jacks are placed under the joists and fixed. Then the remaining blocks are placed between the joists, and after this part is completed, thermal reinforcement is applied to the entire surface. At this stage, after leveling all the rafters and main beams, the roof is prepared for concreting. After the concrete is poured and the concrete hardens and the jacks are removed (usually one to two weeks depending on the cold weather and weather conditions), the innovative plastic blocks are removed from under the roof and between the rafters using a special tool, and they are ready for the next roof. Explicit mention of the industrial application of the invention This plastic block can be used in all buildings, including residential, office, commercial, towers, and large complexes.

Claims

Claim What is claimed: Claim 1) A non-permanent (multiple uses) inflatable plastic block for concrete, metal (chromite) and composite block joist roofs that replaces Unolite in block joist roofs and is filled with compressed air before placement and after concreting, by releasing the air inside it, it is separated from the edge of the joist and concrete and can be used again for subsequent roofs. The claimed block has the following features: - Edge for placement on the joist - Threaded hole for closing the cap - Air inlet and outlet nozzle on the cap - Handle for removing from the roof Claim 2) The edge for placement on the beam or block seat (marked with number 3 on the map) is about 2 cm wide and is located along the block and on both sides. Claim 3) The block has a threaded hole (like a plastic bottle cap) in its lower part to allow for the closure of the cap. Claim 4) A one-way nozzle (like a car tube nozzle) is installed on the aforementioned plastic cap using a rubber gasket to allow filling and emptying of the block. Claim 5) There are two handles on the bottom of the block to make it easier to remove the block from the ceiling.