Landslide disaster detection system and landslide disaster detection method

Abstract

To provide a landslide disaster detection system and method capable of improving safety of a worker.SOLUTION: A landslide disaster detection system 1 comprises: a measuring instrument 3 including a GPS sensor that acquires location information, a transmission unit that transmits the location information wirelessly, and a battery that supplies power to the GPS sensor and transmission unit; an unmanned aerial vehicle 2 having a gripping part 7 capable of gripping and releasing the measuring instrument 3; and a monitoring device 5 that acquires the location information transmitted from each of the transmission units of the plurality of measuring instruments 3 and detects the occurrence of a landslide disaster on the basis of the acquired location information.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a landslide disaster detection system and a landslide disaster detection method. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, landslide detection systems have been proposed that use measuring instruments such as wire sensors, water level gauges, vibration meters, and surveillance cameras to detect the occurrence of debris flows (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0003] [Non-Patent Document 1] Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, Kyushu Regional Development Bureau, Unzen Sabo Management Center, "Debris Flow Monitoring System," [online], retrieved on August 29, 2023, Internet<URL:http: / / www.qsr.mlit.go.jp / unzen / sabo / prevention / provide01.html> Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In this type of landslide detection system, the installation of measuring instruments requires work in mountain streams and other areas where debris flows are predicted, so it is important to ensure the safety of workers. An object of the present invention is to provide a landslide disaster detection system and a landslide disaster detection method that can improve the safety of workers. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The landslide detection system of the present invention comprises (a) a plurality of measuring instruments having a GPS sensor for acquiring location information, a transmitter for wirelessly transmitting the location information, and a battery for supplying power to the GPS sensor and the transmitter, (b) an unmanned aerial vehicle having a holding unit capable of grasping and dropping the measuring instruments, and (c) a monitoring device that acquires the location information transmitted from each of the transmitters of the plurality of measuring instruments and detects the occurrence of a landslide disaster based on the acquired location information.

[0006] The landslide detection method of the present invention is a landslide detection method that is executed using (a) a plurality of measuring instruments having a GPS sensor that acquires position information, a transmission unit that wirelessly transmits the position information, and a battery that supplies power to the GPS sensor and the transmission unit, (b) an unmanned aerial vehicle having a holding unit that can grasp and drop the measuring instruments, and (c) a monitoring device that acquires the position information transmitted from each of the transmission units of the plurality of measuring instruments and detects the occurrence of a landslide disaster based on the acquired position information, and includes the steps of (d) having the measuring instrument grasped by the holding unit, flying the unmanned aerial vehicle by remote control to directly above the intended installation site to transport the measuring instrument, having the unmanned aerial vehicle hover directly above the intended installation site, and having the measuring instrument dropped by the holding unit. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0007] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of a landslide disaster detection system according to a first embodiment. FIG. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a measuring instrument. [Diagram 3] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of a landslide disaster detection system according to a modified example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0008] An example of a landslide disaster detection system and a landslide disaster detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to Figs. 1 to 3. The embodiment of the present invention will be described in the following order. Note that the present invention is not limited to the following example. Also, the effects described in this specification are illustrative and not limiting, and other effects may be present. 1. First embodiment 1-1 Overall configuration of the landslide disaster detection system 1-2 Effects of the First Embodiment 1-3 Variations

[0009] 1. First embodiment [1-1 Overall configuration of the landslide disaster detection system] A landslide disaster detection system 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described. Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of the landslide disaster detection system 1 according to the first embodiment. Examples of landslide disasters include debris flow, mud flow (including volcanic mud flow), and collapse / movement of landslide. As shown in FIG. 1, the landslide disaster detection system 1 includes an unmanned aerial vehicle 2 (a so-called “drone”), a plurality of measuring instruments 3, a relay device 4, and a monitoring device 5. The unmanned aerial vehicle 2 is, for example, a small multicopter equipped with multiple rotors 6. A gripping unit 7 capable of gripping and dropping the measuring instrument 3 is disposed at the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle 2. The gripping unit 7 is configured to grip and release the handle 8 of the measuring instrument 3 by remote control. Then, the unmanned aerial vehicle 2 has the gripping unit 7 grip the measuring instrument 3, and then flies to directly above the planned installation point by remote control to transport the measuring instrument 3, hovers directly above the planned installation point, and has the gripping unit 7 drop the measuring instrument 3. For example, multiple planned installation points are set at each of the upstream, midstream, and downstream of a mountain stream A where the occurrence of a landslide is predicted. By repeatedly gripping, transporting, and dropping the measuring instrument 3, the unmanned aerial vehicle 2 installs the measuring instrument 3 on the ground surface at each planned installation point. In addition, if there is an area with no access restrictions in the stream A where the measuring device 3 is to be installed, the measuring device 3 may be installed in that area by workers without using the unmanned aerial vehicle 2.

[0010] A plurality of measuring instruments 3 are placed, for example, upstream, midstream, and downstream of a mountain stream A. As shown in FIG. 2, the measuring instrument 3 has a GPS sensor 9, a transmitting unit 10, a human presence sensor 11, an audio output unit 12, a battery 13, a housing 14, and a shock absorbing unit 15. The GPS sensor 9 receives signals from GPS satellites, and acquires its own position information (for example, latitude, longitude, and altitude) based on the received signals. The position information is output to the transmission unit 10. The transmitting unit 10 wirelessly transmits the position information output from the GPS sensor 9 to the relay device 4. Examples of wireless communication include wireless communication such as LPWA, which allows communication with low power consumption. The human presence sensor 11 is, for example, an ultrasonic sensor. The human presence sensor 11 detects the presence or absence of a person within a predetermined range around the measuring instrument 3. The detection result is output to the audio output unit 12. The audio output unit 12 is, for example, a speaker and a control unit that controls the speaker based on the detection result output from the human sensor 11. When the control unit determines that the human sensor 11 detects a person, it causes the speaker to output a predetermined sound. Here, the measuring instrument 3 can be reused by charging or replacing the battery 13. Therefore, the measuring instrument 3 is collected by a worker at a timing when a predetermined period has elapsed after installation. Therefore, the human sensor 11 detects a worker approaching the measuring instrument 3 to collect the measuring instrument 3. In addition, the audio output unit 12 outputs a sound when a worker is detected. This allows the worker to easily find the measuring instrument 3, and reduces the effort required to collect the measuring instrument 3. In addition, the worker can grasp the position of the measuring instrument 3 to be collected by checking the position information of the measuring instrument 3 (GPS sensor 9) acquired by the monitoring device 5, and can approach the measuring instrument 3 to be collected.

[0011] Furthermore, the predetermined sound may be, for example, a sound that notifies the purpose of installing the measuring device 3 (such as monitoring for debris flow, protecting human lives downstream, and preventing damage to houses and belongings). Here, the measuring device 3 has components such as a GPS sensor 9 and a transmission unit 10. Therefore, there is a possibility that the measuring device 3 may be mistakenly taken away. In this case, the sound output unit 12 will notify the person attempting to take away the measuring device 3 of the purpose of installation, thereby preventing the person from taking away the measuring device 3. The control unit of the audio output unit 12 also has a function of outputting a buzzer sound or voice from the speaker when a predetermined signal is received from the outside. Therefore, for example, when collecting a measuring instrument 3, a predetermined signal can be sent from the monitoring device 5 to the measuring instrument 3 to be collected, thereby outputting a buzzer sound or voice. Therefore, even if the measuring instrument 3 is buried in soil, it is easy to find it. In this case, the route along which the predetermined signal is transmitted may be in the order of the monitoring device 5 → Internet 17 → mobile phone base station 16 → relay device 4 → control unit of the audio output unit 12.

[0012] The battery 13 is, for example, a rechargeable battery. The battery 13 supplies power to the GPS sensor 9, the transmission unit 10, the human sensor 11, and the audio output unit 12. By providing the battery 13, it is possible to omit the installation of power cables, supports, foundations, etc. Also, since the measuring instrument 3 can be reused by charging and replacing the battery 13, it is possible to reduce the life cycle cost. The housing 14 is formed in an egg shell shape that can be divided into an upper housing and a lower housing. The housing 14 contains a GPS sensor 9, a transmitter 10, a human sensor 11, an audio output unit 12, and a battery 13. The housing 14 is also configured to have a waterproof structure that prevents water from entering from the outside to the inside. For example, the joint between the upper housing and the lower housing is sealed with a waterproof tape. A string-like handle 8 is formed on the upper part of the housing 14 (upper housing). A shock absorbing part 15 is arranged on the outer periphery of the housing 14 so as to cover the outer periphery of the housing 14. The shock absorbing part 15 can be made of a shock absorbing material such as LINE-X manufactured by LINE-X LLC (located in Huntsville, Alabama, USA). The waterproof structure of the housing 14 and the shock absorbing part 15 can suppress failure of the measuring instrument 3 due to a drop impact due to dropping, an impact due to a landslide, or water damage. In addition, the outer periphery of the casing 14 may be colored or marked to facilitate collection, and the purpose of its installation (such as monitoring for debris flow, protecting human lives downstream, preventing damage to homes and belongings, etc.) may be written on it.

[0013] The relay device 4 is placed outside a mountain stream A where a landslide is predicted. The relay device 4 is configured to be wirelessly connected to the measuring device 3 and the mobile phone base station 16. The wireless connection between the relay device 4 and the measuring device 3 may be, for example, a wireless connection based on a communication standard such as LPWA. The wireless connection between the relay device 4 and the mobile phone base station 16 may be, for example, a wireless connection based on a communication standard such as LTE or 5G. The relay device 4 establishes a wireless connection with the measuring device 3 and receives the location information transmitted from the transmitter 10 of the measuring device 3. The relay device 4 wirelessly transmits the received location information to the mobile phone base station 16, and transmits it to the monitoring device 5 via the mobile phone base station 16 and the Internet 17. Here, the connection to the Internet 17 is made by a gateway (not shown) that is connected to a mobile phone network and connects the mobile phone network to the Internet 17. By providing the relay device 4, even if the measuring device 3 is installed in a remote area where it cannot be directly wirelessly connected to the mobile phone base station 16, the location information of the measuring device 3 can be transmitted to the mobile phone base station 16 (monitoring device 5).

[0014] The monitoring device 5 is, for example, a server device connected to the Internet 17. The server device may be realized, for example, by a service provided by the cloud. This eliminates the need to install a server device in the administrator's office B, reducing initial costs. The monitoring device 5 receives location information transmitted from the relay device 4 via the Internet 17, and detects the occurrence of a landslide disaster based on the received location information. As an example, the monitoring device 5 may be configured to determine whether the measuring instrument 3 is in a predetermined moving state based on the received (acquired) location information, and determine that a landslide disaster has occurred when it is determined that the measuring instrument 3 is in the predetermined moving state. Furthermore, as a predetermined movement state, for example, when a plurality of measuring devices 3 are installed upstream, midstream, and downstream of a mountain stream A, the measuring device 3 installed upstream moves first, then the measuring device 3 installed midstream moves, and finally the measuring device 3 installed downstream moves. Another example is a movement state in which the measuring device 3 installed upstream moves downstream. Note that when only the measuring device 3 installed downstream moves, or when the measuring device 3 installed downstream moves upstream, the movement of the measuring device 3 is considered to be due to a cause other than a landslide, such as contact with an animal such as a deer or bear.

[0015] Furthermore, when the monitoring device 5 determines that a landslide disaster has occurred, it performs the following operations (a) to (d). (a) It causes at least one of the speaker 19, rotating light 20, and display device 21 installed at the site where the landslide disaster has occurred to issue an alarm. (b) The monitoring device 5 also causes at least one of the rotating light 22 and display device 23 installed in the manager's office B to issue an alarm. (c) The monitoring device 5 also sends an email 24 notifying a predetermined destination via the Internet 17 that a landslide disaster has occurred. (d) It also transmits information to a predetermined SNS (Social Networking Service) 25 via the Internet 17.

[0016] [1-2 Effects of the first embodiment] As described above, in the landslide disaster detection system 1 according to the first embodiment, the measuring instrument 3 includes the GPS sensor 9, the transmitter 10, and the battery 13. The unmanned aerial vehicle 2 is also equipped with a gripping unit 7 capable of gripping and dropping the measuring instrument 3. Therefore, the measuring instrument 3 can be installed by having the gripping unit 7 grip the measuring instrument 3 and transporting it by the unmanned aerial vehicle 2, and having the gripping unit 7 drop the measuring instrument 3 at the installation location. This eliminates the need to work in a mountain stream or the like A where the occurrence of a landslide disaster is predicted, thereby improving the safety of workers.

[0017] Furthermore, the landslide disaster detection system 1 according to the first embodiment can provide the effect of solving the following problems (1) to (6) of the conventional technology. (1) Problem 1: Continuous detection is not possible. For example, if a wire sensor is used that has a wire laid across a stream A where a landslide is predicted to occur and a detection device that determines that a landslide has occurred when the wire is cut by sediment from upstream, once the wire is cut by sediment, it will no longer be possible to detect the occurrence of landslides, and second and subsequent waves of landslides cannot be detected. In contrast, the landslide detection system 1 according to the first embodiment is configured so that the measuring instruments 3 can be installed by transporting and dropping them using the unmanned aerial vehicle 2. Therefore, for example, if a landslide occurs and the measuring instruments 3 move downstream together with the soil and sand, additional measuring instruments 3 can be installed in places where the measuring instruments 3 are no longer present by transporting and dropping them using the unmanned aerial vehicle 2. This makes it possible to eliminate areas where there are no measuring instruments 3, and to detect second and subsequent waves of landslides.

[0018] (2) Issue 2: False positives occur due to melting snow, etc. In addition, for example, when a wire sensor is used, there is a possibility of falsely detecting the occurrence of a landslide disaster. For example, in winter, after snow has piled up to the height where the wire is laid, if the temperature rises or the snow melts, the snow in the surrounding area may move downstream and cut the wire. In addition, for example, the wire may be cut by contact with a medium-sized or large animal such as a deer or a bear. In addition, for example, when lightning strikes the wire, the lightning may travel along the wire to the detection device, causing the detection device to malfunction. In contrast, in the landslide detection system 1 according to the first embodiment, the measuring device 3 is configured to include a GPS sensor 9, a transmitter 10, and a battery 13. Therefore, even if the snow around the measuring device 3 moves downstream, the measuring device 3 can continue to function. In addition, the amount and speed of movement of the measuring device 3 (GPS sensor 9) are clearly different between cases where the snow is caused by contact with an animal and cases where the snow is caused by a mudslide or the like. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a landslide from being erroneously detected when an animal contacts the measuring device 3. In addition, animals can be kept away by spraying the measuring device 3 with a deer repellent spray or a bear repellent spray. In addition, the measuring device 3 is installed by dropping it from the unmanned aerial vehicle 2, and therefore is located on the ground surface. Therefore, compared to the wire of a wire sensor, for example, the possibility of lightning striking the measuring device 3 is low, and malfunction of the measuring device 3 due to lightning can be prevented.

[0019] (3) Issue 3: Accurate detection is difficult. In addition, for example, when a water level gauge, a vibration meter, or a surveillance camera is used, it is difficult to accurately detect the occurrence of a landslide disaster. For example, when a water level gauge is used, if the protective pipe of the water level gauge is clogged with sediment, there is a possibility that the fluctuation of the water level cannot be measured correctly. In addition, when a vibration meter is used, it is difficult to set a threshold value for determining the occurrence of a landslide disaster because the magnitude of vibration changes depending on the ground, topography, and runoff. In addition, when a surveillance camera is used, it is necessary to train the machine learning of images when a landslide disaster occurs and images under normal conditions for each camera installation location, and these images also need to be trained by machine learning for each season and brightness, which may require a large amount of cost. In contrast, in the landslide detection system 1 according to the first embodiment, the monitoring device 5 determines whether a predetermined movement state has occurred in the measuring device 3 based on the position information of the measuring device 3 (GPS sensor 9), and determines that a landslide has occurred when it is determined that the predetermined movement state has occurred. For example, a plurality of measuring devices 3 are installed upstream, midstream, and downstream of a mountain stream where the occurrence of a landslide is predicted. When a debris flow occurs, the measuring device 3 installed upstream moves first, then the measuring device 3 installed midstream moves, and finally the measuring device 3 installed downstream moves, so that the occurrence of a landslide can be detected based on the manner, direction, and distance of the movement of the measuring device 3. Therefore, the occurrence of a landslide can be detected with high accuracy.

[0020] (4) Task 4: Observations will be from the same location. Furthermore, for example, when using wire sensors, water level gauges, vibration meters, and surveillance cameras, it was only possible to observe (acquire data) from the initial installation position. In contrast, the landslide disaster detection system 1 according to the first embodiment is configured so that the measuring instruments 3 can be installed by transporting and dropping them using the unmanned aerial vehicle 2. Therefore, it is possible to obtain movement information of any location, such as a location immediately after the first wave of a landslide disaster occurs.

[0021] (5) Issue 5: Installation locations are limited. Furthermore, for example, when using wire sensors, water level gauges, vibration meters, and surveillance cameras, installation work is required, such as laying power cables, setting up supports and foundations, etc. Therefore, it is difficult to install them in places with dense trees or rocky terrain, and installation locations may be limited. In contrast, in the landslide disaster detection system 1 according to the first embodiment, the measuring instrument 3 includes a GPS sensor 9, a transmitter 10, and a battery 13. Therefore, there is no need for installation work such as laying a power cable or erecting a support pole, and there is no need to limit the location where the measuring instrument 3 can be installed.

[0022] (6) Issue 6: Repairs, etc. cannot be carried out if there is a concern of secondary disasters. Furthermore, for example, in a configuration using a wire sensor, a water level gauge, a vibration gauge, and a surveillance camera, if the wire sensor is damaged by soil and sand, repairs cannot be performed due to concerns about secondary disasters, and detection of landslides may not be possible. For example, if the wire sensor is damaged by soil and sand from upstream, further landslides cannot be detected unless repairs are performed on-site. However, if a mudslide or the like occurs and access to the area where the wire sensor is installed is restricted, workers cannot enter the area where the wire sensor is installed due to the risk of secondary disasters. In contrast, in the landslide detection system 1 of the first embodiment, for example, if the measuring instrument 3 is damaged by soil and sand, a new measuring instrument 3 can be transported and dropped by the unmanned aerial vehicle 2, and a new measuring instrument 3 can be reinstalled in place of the damaged one, enabling continuous detection of landslides.

[0023] [1-3 Modifications] (1) In the first embodiment, the measurement device 3 transmits the location information to the mobile phone base station 16 via the relay device 4, but other configurations can be adopted. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the relay device 4 may be omitted, and the measurement device 3 (transmitter 10) may transmit the location information directly to the mobile phone base station 16. That is, the monitoring device 5 may acquire location information transmitted from the transmitters 10 of the multiple measurement devices 3, and detect the occurrence of a landslide disaster based on the acquired location information. When transmitting location information directly from the measurement device 3 (transmitter 10) to the mobile phone base station 16, the transmitter 10 transmits the location information output from the GPS sensor 9 to the mobile phone base station 16 wirelessly according to a communication standard such as LTE or 5G.

[0024] (2) For example, the monitoring device 5 may also have a function of encouraging the installation of additional measuring devices 3 in the stream A. As an example, the area in which the measuring devices 3 are to be installed (for example, stream A) may be divided into a plurality of zones such as upstream, midstream, and downstream, and a threshold value for the number of measuring devices 3 installed per unit area may be determined in advance for each zone. When an area occurs in which the number of measuring devices 3 installed per unit area falls below the threshold value, a message encouraging the installation of additional measuring devices 3 in that zone may be displayed on the display device 23 of the manager's office B. In this way, for example, when the measuring devices 3 installed upstream move downstream due to a debris flow or the like, and the number of measuring devices 3 installed on the upstream side decreases, the installation of additional measuring devices 3 on the upstream side can be encouraged, and landslides can be more appropriately detected. [Explanation of symbols]

[0025] 1...Landslide detection system, 2...Unmanned aerial vehicle, 3...Measuring instrument, 4...Relay device, 5...Monitoring device, 6...Rotor, 7...Holding unit, 8...Handle, 9...GPS sensor, 10...Transmitter, 11...Human presence sensor, 12...Audio output unit, 13...Battery, 14...Housing, 15...Shock absorbing unit, 16...Mobile phone base station, 17...Internet, 19...Speaker, 20...Revolving light, 21...Display device, 22...Revolving light, 23...Display device, 24...E-mail

Claims

1. a plurality of measuring instruments each having a GPS sensor for acquiring location information, a transmitter for wirelessly transmitting the location information, and a battery for supplying power to the GPS sensor and the transmitter; an unmanned aerial vehicle having a gripping part capable of gripping and dropping the measuring instrument; a monitoring device that acquires the location information transmitted from each of the transmission units of the plurality of measuring instruments and detects the occurrence of a landslide disaster based on the acquired location information. Landslide detection system.

2. the measuring instrument includes a housing that houses the GPS sensor, the transmitter, and the battery, and a shock absorbing part that covers an outer periphery of the housing; The housing is constructed to have a waterproof structure that prevents water from entering the inside from the outside. The landslide disaster detection system according to claim 1.

3. a relay device that receives the location information transmitted from the transmission unit, wirelessly transmits the location information to a mobile phone base station, and transmits the location information to the monitoring device via the mobile phone base station and the Internet; The monitoring device receives the location information transmitted from the relay device via the Internet, and detects the occurrence of a landslide disaster based on the received location information. The landslide disaster detection system according to claim 1.

4. The monitoring device determines whether the measuring device is in a predetermined moving state based on the acquired position information, and if it is determined that the measuring device is in the predetermined moving state, determines that a landslide disaster has occurred. The landslide disaster detection system according to claim 3.

5. When the monitoring device determines that a landslide disaster has occurred, it causes at least one of a speaker, a rotating light, and a display device installed at the site where the landslide disaster has occurred to issue an alarm. The landslide disaster detection system according to claim 1.

6. When the monitoring device determines that a landslide disaster has occurred, it sends an e-mail notifying the occurrence of the landslide disaster to a predetermined destination via the Internet. The landslide disaster detection system according to claim 1.

7. The monitoring device divides an area in which the measuring devices are to be installed into a plurality of zones, predetermines a threshold value for the number of measuring devices 3 installed per unit area for each zone, and when a zone occurs in which the number of measuring devices installed per unit area falls below the threshold value, displays a message on a display device to prompt the user to install additional measuring devices in that zone. The landslide disaster detection system according to claim 1.

8. The measuring instrument is a human presence sensor that detects the presence or absence of a person within a predetermined range around the measuring instrument; and a sound output unit that outputs a predetermined sound when the human presence sensor determines that a human has been detected. The landslide disaster detection system according to claim 1.

9. The measuring instrument includes an audio output unit that outputs a buzzer sound or a voice when a predetermined signal is received. The landslide disaster detection system according to claim 1.

10. A landslide detection method implemented using a plurality of measuring instruments each having a GPS sensor for acquiring position information, a transmitter for wirelessly transmitting the position information, and a battery for supplying power to the GPS sensor and the transmitter, an unmanned aerial vehicle having a gripping part capable of gripping and dropping the measuring instruments, and a monitoring device for acquiring the position information transmitted from each of the transmitters of the plurality of measuring instruments and detecting the occurrence of a landslide disaster based on the acquired position information, After the measuring device is held by the gripping section, the unmanned aerial vehicle is flown by remote control to directly above a planned installation site to transport the measuring device, and the unmanned aerial vehicle is caused to hover directly above the planned installation site to drop the measuring device onto the gripping section. Landslide detection method.

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