Power supply control device and power supply control method

Abstract

To provide a power supply control device and a power supply control method that can appropriately cope with two or more demand response (DR) requests.SOLUTION: In a power supply control system supplying power from an electric power system to a facility, a RA server 200 that is a power supply control device for drawing up a control plan for a distributed power supply (solar cell device, power storage device, and fuel cell device) comprises: a receiving unit that receives demand response requests for requesting supply and demand adjustment in the electric power system; and a control unit that draws up the control plan for the distributed power supply installed in the facility for a target period. When two or more demand response requests are received for the target period as the demand response requests, the control unit draws up the control plan for the distributed power supply on the basis of the degree of priority of each of the two or more demand response requests.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a power control device and a power control method.

Background Art

[0002] In recent years, in order to maintain the power supply-demand balance of the power system, a technique (for example, VPP (Virtual Power Plant)) that uses a power storage device installed in a facility as a distributed power source is known.

[0003] For example, a technique has been proposed in which the power storage device is charged during a time period when the purchase price of the power supplied from the power system to the facility (incoming power) is relatively low, and the power storage device is discharged during a time period when the purchase price of the incoming power is relatively high. Furthermore, a technique has also been proposed in which the reward unit price for an adjustment request (hereinafter, DR (Demand Response) request) that requests a reduction in the demand power of the facility is added to the purchase unit price of the incoming power, thereby promoting the discharge of the power storage device during the time period of the DR request (for example, Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] By the way, in a target period (for example, one day) that can be the target of a DR request, a case is assumed where two or more DR requests are issued, and it is necessary to appropriately respond to two or more DR requests.

[0006] Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a power control device and a power control method that can appropriately respond to two or more DR requests.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0007] The disclosed aspect includes a receiving unit that receives an adjustment request for requesting power supply and demand adjustment of a power system, and a control unit that formulates a control plan for a distributed power source installed in a facility for a target period. When the control unit receives two or more adjustment requests for the target period as the adjustment request, the control unit formulates a control plan for the distributed power source based on the priority of each of the two or more adjustment requests. It is a power control device.

[0008] The disclosed aspect includes step A of receiving an adjustment request for requesting power supply and demand adjustment of a power system, and step B of formulating a control plan for a distributed power source installed in a facility for a target period. When step A receives two or more adjustment requests for the target period as the adjustment request, step A includes a step of formulating a control plan for the distributed power source based on the priority of each of the two or more adjustment requests. It is a power control method.

Effect of the Invention

[0009] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a power control device and a power control method capable of appropriately responding to two or more DR requests.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0010]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0011] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description of the drawings, the same or similar parts are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals. However, the drawings are schematic.

[0012] [Embodiment] (Power Control System) Hereinafter, a power control system according to an embodiment will be described.

[0013] As shown in FIG. 1, the power control system 1 includes a facility 100. The power control system 1 includes an RA (Resource Aggregator) server 200 and an AC (Aggregation Coordinator) server 300.

[0014] Here, the facility 100, the RA server 200, and the AC server 300 are configured to be communicable via a network 11. The network 11 may include the Internet, may include a dedicated line such as a VPN (Virtual Private Network), or may include a mobile communication network.

[0015] The facility 100 is connected to a power grid 12, and power may be supplied from the power grid 12 to the facility 100, or the facility 100 may supply power to the power grid 12. The power from the power grid 12 to the facility 100 may be referred to as forward power flow. The power from the facility 100 to the power grid 12 may be referred to as reverse power flow. In FIG. 1, facilities 100A to 100C are illustrated as the facility 100.

[0016] Although not particularly limited, the facility 100 may be a facility such as a house, a facility such as a store, or a facility such as an office. The facility 100 may be an apartment house including two or more houses. The facility 100 may be a complex facility including at least two or more of houses, stores, and offices. Details of the facility 100 will be described later (see FIG. 2).

[0017] The RA server 200 is a server managed by an operator (for example, a VPP (Virtual Power Plant) operator) who is responsible for controlling a distributed power source (for example, a power storage device 120 described later) installed in the facility 100. The RA server 200 may be read as the VPP operator. The RA server 200 may be referred to as a first server or a subordinate server. Details of the RA server 200 will be described later (see FIG. 3).

[0018] In the embodiment, the RA server 200 constitutes a power control device that formulates a control plan for a distributed power source installed in the facility 100.

[0019] The AC server 300 is a server managed by an operator (for example, a retail electricity operator) who sells electricity to the facility 100. The retail electricity operator may procure electricity from the electricity market or a power generation operator and sell the procured electricity to the facility 100. The retail electricity operator is an example of a specific operator who sells electricity to the facility 100. The AC server 300 may be read as the retail electricity operator. The AC server 300 may be referred to as a second server or a superior server. Details of the AC server 300 will be described later (see FIG. 4).

[0020] Although not particularly limited, the power market may be a market for trading electricity during a target period (for example, one day from 0:00 to 24:00). The power market may be a market in which electricity prices are determined for each unit period (for example, 30 minutes) constituting the target period. The power market may include a spot market in which trading is closed on the day before the target period (for example, 10:00 on the day before the target period). The power market may include a time-ahead market in which trading is closed immediately before each unit period constituting the target period (for example, one hour before). The power market may include a forward market, a power forward market, a futures market, a capacity market, or a demand-supply adjustment market for trading electricity during a specific future period (for example, one year, one month, or one week).

[0021] Although not particularly limited, the power generation company may include a company that trades electricity in the power market, and may also include a company that directly trades electricity with a retail electricity company.

[0022] The AC server 300 may transmit an adjustment request for requesting demand-supply adjustment of the power system 12. The adjustment request may be referred to as a DR (Demand Response) request. The DR request may include an up-DR request for requesting an increase in the demand power of the facility 100 from a reference value, and may also include a down-DR request for requesting a decrease in the demand power of the facility 100 from the reference value.

[0023] The reference value is the demand power of the facility 100 before the DR request. The reference value is a value in which, in addition to the power consumption of the facility 100 (the power consumption of the load device 140), the generated power of the power generation devices (for example, the solar cell device 110 and the fuel cell device 130), the charging power, and the discharging power of the power storage device 120 are reflected. The reference value may be considered as the baseline power. The baseline power may be the average value of the demand power for a certain period before the activation notice of the DR request. The certain period may be determined according to the entity of the negative watt trading, or may be determined between the RA server 200 and the AC server 300. The baseline power may be calculated based on the predicted value of the demand power of the facility 100, may be calculated based on the predicted value of the generated power of the facility 100, or may be calculated based on both the demand power and the generated power.

[0024] In addition, when the increase or decrease in the required power of the facility 100 is executed in response to the DR request, a reward may be given according to the degree corresponding to the DR request. The reward may be given to the AC server 300 or to the facility 100. When the increase or decrease in the required power of the facility 100 is not executed in response to the DR request, a penalty may be imposed according to the degree of non - compliance with the DR request. The penalty may be imposed on the AC server 300 or on the facility 100. The penalty may be imposed only on the facility 100 that has replied to the effect of responding to the DR request. The reward and the penalty may be monetary.

[0025] (Facility) Hereinafter, the facility according to the embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the facility 100 includes a solar power generation device 110, a power storage device 120, a fuel cell device 130, load equipment 140, and an EMS (Energy Management System) 160. The facility 100 may include a measuring device 190.

[0026] The solar power generation device 110 is a distributed power source that generates electricity in response to light such as sunlight. For example, the solar power generation device 110 is composed of a PCS (Power Conditioning System) and solar panels. Here, the installation may mean that the solar power generation device 110 and the power grid 12 are connected.

[0027] The power storage device 120 is a distributed power source that charges and discharges electric power. For example, the power storage device 120 is composed of a PCS and power storage cells. Here, the installation may mean that the power storage device 120 and the power grid 12 are connected.

[0028] The fuel cell device 130 is a distributed power source that generates electricity using fuel. For example, the fuel cell device 130 is composed of a PCS and fuel cells. Here, the installation may mean that the fuel cell device 130 and the power grid 12 are connected.

[0029] For example, the fuel cell device 130 may be a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC), a phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC), or a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC).

[0030] The load device 140 is a device that consumes power. For example, the load device 140 may include an air conditioner, a heat pump water heater, a lighting device, and the like.

[0031] The EMS 160 manages the power related to the facility 100. The EMS 160 may control the solar cell device 110, the power storage device 120, the fuel cell device 130, and the load device 140. In the embodiment, the EMS 160 is exemplified as a device that receives a control command from the RA server 200, but such a device may be referred to as a Gateway or simply as a control unit. The control command may be an instruction or command for controlling a distributed power source (for example, the power storage device 120). The EMS 160 may be referred to as a LEMS (Local EMS), a HEMS (Home EMS), or a VPP controller in order to distinguish it from the RA server 200.

[0032] The measurement device 190 measures the forward power flow (hereinafter also referred to as demand power) from the power grid 12 to the facility 100. The measurement device 190 may measure the reverse power flow from the facility 100 to the power grid 12. For example, the measurement device 190 may be a Smart Meter belonging to an electric power company. The measurement device 190 may transmit an information element indicating the measurement result (integrated value of forward power flow or reverse power flow) in the first interval (for example, 30 minutes) to the EMS 160 for each first interval. The measurement device 190 may transmit an information element indicating the measurement result in a second interval (for example, 1 minute) shorter than the first interval to the EMS 160.

[0033] (RA Server) Hereinafter, the RA server according to the embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, the RA server 200 includes a communication unit 210, a management unit 220, and a control unit 230.

[0034] The communication unit 210 is composed of a communication module. The communication module may be a wireless communication module compliant with standards such as IEEE802.11a / b / g / n / ac / ax, ZigBee, Wi-SUN, LTE, 5G, 6G, etc., or may be a wired communication module compliant with standards such as IEEE802.3.

[0035] First, the communication unit 210 may receive a DR request for requesting demand-supply adjustment of the power system 12. As described above, the DR request may include a down DR for requesting a decrease in the demand power of the facility 100, or may include an up DR for requesting an increase in the demand power of the facility 100.

[0036] Second, the communication unit 210 may receive from the AC server 300 (retail electricity provider) a plan for the price of the electricity sold by the retail electricity provider to the facility 100 (hereinafter referred to as the price plan). The price of the electricity sold by the retail electricity provider to the facility 100 may be read as the electricity purchased by the facility 100 from the retail electricity provider. The communication unit 210 may receive from the AC server 300 (retail electricity provider) the cost of the electricity procured by the retail electricity provider from the power market or power generator (hereinafter referred to as the procurement cost).

[0037] Thirdly, the communication unit 210 may receive the facility information of the facility 100. The facility information may include information indicating the configuration of the distributed power sources of the facility 100, and may also include information indicating the specifications of the distributed power sources of the facility 100. The communication unit 210 may receive the planned value of the power consumption of the facility 100, and may also receive the actual value of the power consumption of the facility 100. The communication unit 210 may receive the planned value of the generated power of the distributed power sources installed in the facility 100, and may also receive the actual value of the generated power of the distributed power sources installed in the facility 100. The communication unit 210 may receive the planned value of the demand power of the facility 100, and may also receive the actual value of the demand power of the facility 100. Note that the demand power is the value obtained by subtracting the generated power from the power consumption. When the distributed power source is the energy storage device 120, the communication unit 210 may receive information indicating the remaining charge of the energy storage device 120 (for example, SOC; State Of Charge) (hereinafter, remaining charge information).

[0038] Fourthly, the communication unit 210 may transmit a control command for controlling the distributed power sources (for example, the energy storage device 120) installed in the facility 100 to the facility 100.

[0039] In the embodiment, the communication unit 210 constitutes a receiving unit that receives an adjustment request (DR request) for requesting the supply-demand adjustment of the power grid 12.

[0040] The management unit 220 is constituted by a storage medium such as an HDD (Hard Disk Drive), an SSD (Solid State Drive), and a non-volatile memory.

[0041] For example, the management unit 220 may manage information regarding the facility 100 having a distributed power source controlled by the RA server 200. For example, the information regarding the facility 100 may include the type of distributed power source (solar cell device 110, power storage device 120, or fuel cell device 130) provided in the facility 100, the specifications of the distributed power source (solar cell device 110, power storage device 120, or fuel cell device 130) provided in the facility 100, and the like. The specifications may include the rated power generation power of the solar cell device 110, the rated charging power of the power storage device 120, the rated discharging power of the power storage device 120, and the rated output power of the fuel cell device 130. The specifications may include the rated capacity of the power storage device 120, the maximum charge / discharge power, and the like.

[0042] The control unit 230 may include at least one processor. The at least one processor may be constituted by a single integrated circuit (IC), or may be constituted by a plurality of circuits (such as integrated circuits and / or discrete circuits) communicably connected.

[0043] The control unit 230 controls the distributed power source (for example, the power storage device 120) installed in the facility 100. Specifically, the control unit 230 formulates a control plan for the distributed power source for a target period (hereinafter, the planned target period), and then instructs the communication unit 210 to transmit a control command in accordance with the formulated control plan. The control command may be transmitted in a batch before the planned target period for the entire planned target period, may be sequentially transmitted for each planned unit period, or may be transmitted in real time at intervals shorter than the planned unit period.

[0044] Hereinafter, a case where the distributed power source controlled by the RA server 200 is the power storage device 120 will be exemplified.

[0045] The control unit 230 formulates a control plan (hereinafter referred to as a charge / discharge plan) for the power storage device 120 for each planned unit period (e.g., 30 minutes) that constitutes the planned target period (e.g., one day). The charge / discharge plan includes the operation mode of the power storage device 120 (e.g., discharge mode, charge mode, standby mode). The charge / discharge plan may include the discharge power and charge power of the power storage device 120. As a method for formulating the charge / discharge plan, the following options are conceivable.

[0046] In Option 1-1, the control unit 230 formulates a charge / discharge plan for the power storage device 120 based on, in addition to the profit of the facility 100, the amount of charge / discharge power for the DR requests reserved during the planned target period. For example, the control unit 230 formulates a charge / discharge plan for the power storage device 120 so as to maximize the following objective function 1 (Objective Functions 1-A and 1-B) for each planned unit period.

[0047] Objective Function 1-A: "Amount of charge / discharge power for DR requests" × α + "Profit of Facility 100" Objective Function 1-B: "Profit of Facility 100" Objective Function 1-A is a function applied to the adjustment interval (hereinafter referred to as the DR reservation interval) requested by the DR request. In Objective Function 1-A, the "+" sign may mean a constraint condition regarding the DR reservation interval. The "+" sign may mean that "Profit of Facility 100" is an item that is not prioritized over "Amount of charge / discharge power for DR requests". Objective Function 1-B is a function applied during periods other than the DR reservation interval. Note that Objective Function 1-A is prioritized over Objective Function 1-B. That is, for the DR reservation interval, the "Amount of charge / discharge power for DR requests" is maximized by Objective Function 1-A, and for periods other than the DR reservation interval, the "Profit of Facility 100" is maximized by Objective Function 1-B while maintaining that Objective Function 1-A is satisfied.

[0048] The amount of charge and discharge power for a DR request may mean the degree of achieving the required power demand (increase or decrease) requested in the DR request. For example, the amount of charge and discharge power for a DR request may be represented by the amount of charge power of the power storage device 120 with the upper limit being the increased amount of the required power requested in the DR request, or may be represented by the amount of discharge power of the power storage device 120 with the upper limit being the decreased amount of the required power requested in the DR request.

[0049] α is a coefficient multiplied by the amount of charge and discharge power for a DR request, and may be a unit price for aligning the unit with "the profit of Facility 100". α is set such that the profit obtained by maximizing the "amount of charge and discharge power for a DR request" is greater than the profit obtained by maximizing "the profit of Facility 100". α may be set for each DR request. α may be considered as the priority of the DR request described later.

[0050] The profit of Facility 100 may include the profit obtained by suppressing the charge of the power purchased by Facility 100 from the retail electricity provider. Therefore, the profit of Facility 100 may be read as the minimization of the charge of the power purchased by Facility 100 from the retail electricity provider.

[0051] The profit of Facility 100 is specified based on, for each planned unit period constituting the planned target period, the predicted value of the power consumption of Facility 100, the predicted value of the power generation of the distributed power source (for example, the solar cell device 110 or / and the fuel cell device 130), the predicted value of the demand power of Facility 100, the predicted value of the remaining charge amount of the power storage device 120, and the like. The predicted value of the power consumption of Facility 100 may be specified based on the planned value or actual value of the power consumption. The predicted value of the demand power of Facility 100 may be specified based on the planned value or actual value of the demand power. The predicted value of the power generation of the solar cell device 110 may be specified based on the planned value or actual value of the power generation, or may be specified based on information (for example, weather information) that affects the power generation of the solar cell device 110. The predicted value of the power generation of the fuel cell device 130 may be specified based on the planned value or actual value of the power generation, or may be specified assuming that the fuel cell device 130 outputs the rated power. The predicted value of the remaining charge amount of the power storage device 120 may be specified based on the remaining charge amount information received from Facility 100.

[0052] In Option 1-2, the control unit 230 formulates a charge / discharge plan for the power storage device 120 based on the profit of the retail electricity provider in addition to the charge / discharge power amount for the DR request reserved during the planned target period and the profit of Facility 100. For example, the control unit 230 formulates a charge / discharge plan for the power storage device 120 so as to maximize the following objective function 2 (Objective Function 2-A, 2-B) for each planned unit period.

[0053] Objective Function 2-A: "Charge / discharge power amount for DR request" × α + ("Profit of Facility 100" + "Profit of retail electricity provider") Objective Function 2-B: "Profit of Facility 100" + "Profit of retail electricity provider" The objective function 2-A is a function applied to the DR reservation period. In the objective function 2-A, the sign of “+” may mean the constraint conditions regarding the DR reservation period. The sign of “+” may also mean that the “profit of Facility 100” and the “profit of the retail electricity provider” are items that are not prioritized over the “charge and discharge power amount for DR requests”. The objective function 2-B is a function applied to periods other than the DR reservation period. Note that the objective function 2-A is prioritized over the objective function 2-B. That is, for the DR reservation period, the “charge and discharge power amount for DR requests” is maximized by the objective function 2-A, and for periods other than the DR reservation period, while maintaining that the objective function 2-A is satisfied, the “profit of Facility 100” and the “profit of the retail electricity provider” are maximized by the objective function 2-B.

[0054] The charge and discharge power amount for DR requests, α, and the profit of Facility 100 are the same as in Option 1-1 described above.

[0055] The profit of the retail electricity provider may include the profit per planned unit period obtained by suppressing the procurement cost of the electricity procured by the retail electricity provider from the electricity market or power generator. The profit of the retail electricity provider may include the profit obtained by increasing the price of the electricity sold by the retail electricity provider to Facility 100. The profit of the retail electricity provider may be considered as the profit obtained by subtracting the procurement cost of the electricity procured by the retail electricity provider from the electricity market or power generator from the price of the electricity sold by the retail electricity provider to Facility 100.

[0056] Note that maximizing the profit of Facility 100 does not mean maximizing the profit of the retail electricity provider. Rather, it can be said that the profit of the retail electricity provider and the profit of Facility 100 are in a trade-off relationship.

[0057] Here, the profit of the facility 100 and the profit of the retail electricity provider may be considered as the profit obtained by charging or discharging the energy storage device 120. That is, the profit of the retail electricity provider may be the profit enjoyed by the retail electricity provider due to the charging or discharging of the energy storage device 120 (for example, the profit obtained by suppressing the electricity procured from the electricity market or power generator or the profit obtained by increasing the price of the electricity sold to the facility 100) compared to the case where the energy storage device 120 does not charge or discharge. The profit of the facility 100 may be the profit enjoyed by the facility 100 due to the charging or discharging of the energy storage device 120 (for example, the profit obtained by suppressing the price of the electricity purchased from the retail electricity provider) compared to the case where the energy storage device 120 does not charge or discharge.

[0058] The procurement cost of the electricity procured by the retail electricity provider from the electricity market or power generator may be specified by the procurement cost received from the AC server 300. The price of the electricity sold by the retail electricity provider to the facility 100 (that is, the price of the electricity purchased by the facility 100 from the retail electricity provider) may be specified by the tariff plan received from the AC server 300.

[0059] Based on the above-mentioned Option 1-1 or Option 1-2, the control unit 230 may assume a case where it receives two or more DR requests for the planned period. The two or more DR requests may be DR requests including mutually different DR reservation intervals. The DR reservation interval may be set with the planned unit period as the minimum unit. For example, the first DR request may be a request targeting 14:00 to 16:00, and the second DR request may be a DR request targeting 9:00 to 11:00.

[0060] Here, when the control unit 230 receives two or more DR requests for the planned period, it formulates a charge and discharge plan for the energy storage device 120 based on the priority of each of the two or more DR requests. The priority of each of the two or more DR requests may be considered as the above-mentioned α. As a method for determining the priority (α), the following options can be considered.

[0061] In Option 2-1, the priority of each of two or more DR requests may be set higher as the DR reservation period requested by each of the two or more DR requests is closer to the time when the charge / discharge plan of the power storage device 120 is formulated. For example, in the case of formulating the charge / discharge plan of the power storage device 120 on the day before the planned target period (for example, 10:00 on the day before the planned target period), when receiving a DR request from 9:00 to 11:00 and a DR request from 14:00 to 16:00, the priority of the DR request from 9:00 to 11:00 may be set higher than the priority of the DR request from 14:00 to 16:00.

[0062] In Option 2-2, the priority of each of two or more DR requests may be set higher as the reward for each of the two or more DR requests is higher. The reward may be given according to the degree corresponding to the DR request. The reward may be set for each planned unit period or for each DR reservation period of the DR request.

[0063] In Option 2-3, the priority of each of two or more DR requests may be set by the AC server 300 that transmits the DR request.

[0064] Two or more options selected from Option 2-1 to Option 2-3 may be combined.

[0065] In the embodiment, the control unit 230 constitutes a control unit that controls a distributed power source (for example, the power storage device 120) installed in the facility 100.

[0066] (AC Server) Hereinafter, the AC server according to the embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, the AC server 300 includes a communication unit 310, a management unit 320, and a control unit 330.

[0067] The communication unit 310 is composed of communication modules. The communication modules may be wireless communication modules compliant with standards such as IEEE802.11a / b / g / n / ac / ax, ZigBee, Wi-SUN, LTE, 5G, 6G, etc., or may be wired communication modules compliant with standards such as IEEE802.3.

[0068] For example, the communication unit 310 may transmit a DR request to the RA server 200. The communication unit 310 may transmit a power rate plan (rate plan) of the power sold by the retail electricity provider to the facility 100 to the RA server 200. The communication unit 310 may transmit the cost (procurement cost) of the power procured by the retail electricity provider from the power market or power generation provider to the RA server 200.

[0069] The management unit 320 is composed of storage media such as HDD (Hard Disk Drive), SSD (Solid State Drive), and non-volatile memory.

[0070] For example, the management unit 320 may manage information about the facility 100 where the retail electricity provider sells power. For example, the information about the facility 100 may include the type of distributed power source (solar cell device 110, energy storage device 120, or fuel cell device 130) provided in the facility 100, the specifications of the distributed power source (solar cell device 110, energy storage device 120, or fuel cell device 130) provided in the facility 100, etc. The specifications may include the rated power generation power of the solar cell device 110, the rated charging power of the energy storage device 120, the rated discharging power of the energy storage device 120, and the rated output power of the fuel cell device 130. The specifications may include the rated capacity of the energy storage device 120, the maximum charge / discharge power, etc.

[0071] The control unit 330 may include at least one processor. The at least one processor may be composed of a single integrated circuit (IC), or may be composed of a plurality of circuits (such as integrated circuits and / or discrete circuits) communicably connected.

[0072] For example, the control unit 330 may set the priority (α) for each DR request. The control unit 330 may control the communication unit 310 to transmit the priority (α) for each DR request together with the DR request.

[0073] (DR request) Hereinafter, the charge-discharge plan of the power storage device 120 according to the embodiment will be described. FIGS. 5 and 6 are diagrams for explaining the charge-discharge plan of the power storage device 120 according to the embodiment.

[0074] First, the charge-discharge plan of the power storage device 120 before the DR request is issued will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, since the DR request has not been issued, the RA server 200 formulates the charge-discharge plan of the power storage device 120 using the objective function 1-B of Option 1-1 or the objective function 2-B of Option 1-2. For example, the following options can be considered.

[0075] In the above-described Option 1-1, the RA server 200 may formulate the charge-discharge plan of the power storage device 120 so as to maximize the profit of the facility 100. For example, the RA server 200 formulates the charge-discharge plan of the power storage device 120 so as to maximize the objective function 1-B for each planned unit period.

[0076] In the above-described Option 1-2, the RA server 200 may formulate the charge-discharge plan of the power storage device 120 so as to maximize the profit of the facility 100 and the profit of the retail electricity business operator. For example, the RA server 200 formulates the charge-discharge plan of the power storage device 120 so as to maximize the objective function 2-B for each planned unit period.

[0077] Second, the charge-discharge plan of the power storage device 120 after the DR request is issued will be described. As shown in FIG. 6, since the DR request is issued, the RA server 200 may formulate the charge-discharge plan of the power storage device 120 so as to maximize the charge-discharge power amount for the DR request.

[0078] In the above-described Option 1-1, the RA server 200 may formulate a charge / discharge plan for the power storage device 120 so as to maximize the profit of the facility 100 while maximizing the charge / discharge power amount for the DR request. For example, the RA server 200 formulates a charge / discharge plan for the power storage device 120 so as to maximize the objective function 1-A and the objective function 1-B for each planned unit period.

[0079] In the above-described Option 1-2, the RA server 200 may formulate a charge / discharge plan for the power storage device 120 so as to maximize the profit of the facility 100 and the profit of the retail electricity business operator while maximizing the charge / discharge power amount for the DR request. For example, the RA server 200 formulates a charge / discharge plan for the power storage device 120 so as to maximize the objective function 2-A and the objective function 2-B for each planned unit period.

[0080] Furthermore, when the RA server 200 receives two or more DR requests for the planned period, the RA server 200 formulates a charge / discharge plan for the power storage device 120 based on the priority of each of the two or more DR requests.

[0081] (Power control method) Hereinafter, the power control method according to the embodiment will be described.

[0082] First, the sequence among the AC server 300, the RA server 200, and the facility 100 will be described.

[0083] As shown in FIG. 7, in step S11, the AC server 300 transmits a plan (charge plan) for the charge of the power sold by the retail electricity business operator to the facility 100 to the RA server 200. In step S12, the AC server 300 transmits the cost (procurement cost) of the power procured by the retail electricity business operator from the power market or the power generation business operator to the RA server 200.

[0084] In step S21, the AC server 300 transmits a DR request for the planning target period. The AC server 300 may transmit two or more DR requests for the planning target period. The two or more DR requests may be DR requests including mutually different DR reservation intervals.

[0085] In step S31, the RA server 200 formulates a charge / discharge plan for the power storage device 120 for each planning unit period constituting the planning target period. Specifically, when the RA server 200 receives two or more DR requests for the planning target period, the RA server 200 formulates a charge / discharge plan for the power storage device 120 using the objective function 1 of Option 1-1 or the objective function 2 of Option 1-2.

[0086] In the embodiment, when the RA server 200 receives two or more DR requests for the planning target period, the RA server 200 formulates a charge / discharge plan for the power storage device 120 based on the priority (α) of each of the two or more DR requests.

[0087] In step S32, the RA server 200 transmits a control command to the facility 100 according to the charge / discharge plan formulated in step S31. The control command may be transmitted all at once before the planning target period for the entire planning target period, may be transmitted sequentially for each planning unit period, or may be transmitted in real time at intervals shorter than the planning unit period.

[0088] In step S33, the facility 100 transmits the control result of the power storage device 120 to the RA server 200 based on the charge / discharge plan. The control result of the power storage device 120 may include the discharge power amount of the power storage device 120 per planning unit time and the charge power amount of the power storage device 120 per planning unit time. The control result of the power storage device 120 may include the required power amount of the facility 100 per planning unit time.

[0089] In step S34, the RA server 200 transmits a report including the control result received in step S33 to the AC server 300.

[0090] Second, the operation of the RA server 200 will be described.

[0091] As shown in FIG. 8, in step S41, the RA server 200 acquires various types of information. The various types of information may include a tariff plan, procurement costs, DR requests, and the like.

[0092] In step S42, the RA server 200 sets an objective function. The objective function is a function for maximizing, for example, "the amount of charge and discharge power with respect to a DR request", "the profit of the facility 100", "the profit of the retail electricity provider", and the like.

[0093] For example, in Option 1-1, the RA server 200 may set the following objective function.

[0094] Objective function 3-A: "The amount of charge and discharge power with respect to a DR request" × α Objective function 3-B: "The profit of the facility 100" Objective function 3-A is a function applied to the DR reservation period. Objective function 3-B is a function applied to periods other than the DR reservation period. Objective function 3-B is the same as the above-described objective function 1-B.

[0095] For example, in Option 1-2, the RA server 200 may set the following objective function.

[0096] Objective function 4-A: "The amount of charge and discharge power with respect to a DR request" × α Objective function 4-B: "The profit of the facility 100" + "The profit of the retail electricity provider" Objective function 4-A is a function applied to the DR reservation period. Objective function 4-B is a function applied to periods other than the DR reservation period. Objective function 4-B is the same as the above-described objective function 2-B.

[0097] In step S43, the RA server 200 adds constraint conditions regarding the DR reservation period.

[0098] For example, in Option 1-1 described above, the constraint condition regarding the DR reservation period is "the profit of Facility 100". That is, the RA server 200 sets Objective Function 1-A as the objective function to be applied to the DR reservation period.

[0099] For example, in Option 1-2 described above, the constraint conditions regarding the DR reservation period are "the profit of Facility 100" and "the profit of the retail electricity provider". That is, the RA server 200 sets Objective Function 2-A as the objective function to be applied to the DR reservation period.

[0100] In step S44, the RA server 200 formulates a charge / discharge plan for the power storage device 120 by calculating the optimal solution of the set objective function.

[0101] In the embodiment, when the RA server 200 receives two or more DR requests for the planned period, it formulates a charge / discharge plan for the power storage device 120 based on the priority (α) of each of the two or more DR requests.

[0102] (Operation and Effect) In the embodiment, when the RA server 200 receives two or more DR requests for the planned period, it formulates a charge / discharge plan for the power storage device 120 based on the priority (α) of each of the two or more DR requests. According to such a configuration, in formulating the charge / discharge plan for the power storage device 120, the priority (α) of each of the two or more DR requests is considered, so that the two or more DR requests can be appropriately responded to.

[0103] In the embodiment, by imposing the constraint condition regarding the DR reservation period, the maximization of the charge / discharge power amount for the DR request is prioritized. Specifically, in Option 1-1, the maximization of the charge / discharge power amount for the DR request is prioritized over the maximization of the profit of Facility 100. In Option 1-2, the maximization of the charge / discharge power amount for the DR request is prioritized over the maximization of the profit of Facility 100 and the profit of the retail electricity provider. According to such a configuration, the DR request can be appropriately responded to.

[0104] [Modification Example 1] In the following, Modification Example 1 of the embodiment will be described. In the following, mainly the differences from the above-described embodiment will be described.

[0105] In Modification Example 1, when there is a DR request that cannot be handled by the RA server 200 among two or more DR requests, the RA server 200 transmits a message indicating that there is a DR request that cannot be handled by the RA server 200 to the server that transmits the DR request (that is, the AC server 300).

[0106] The situation where the RA server 200 cannot handle a DR request may be considered as a situation where the adjustment power requested by the DR request cannot be obtained as a whole for the facility 100 managed by the RA server 200. The situation where the adjustment power requested by the DR request cannot be obtained may be determined based on the dischargeable amount or the storable amount of the energy storage device 120 possessed by the facility 100 managed by the RA server 200. The dischargeable amount of the energy storage device 120 may be read as the remaining stored amount of the energy storage device 120. The chargeable amount of the energy storage device 120 may be read as the available capacity of the energy storage device 120.

[0107] The message indicating that there is a DR request that cannot be handled by the RA server 200 may include information indicating the amount of power that can be adjusted by the RA server 200 (hereinafter, the adjustable power amount) with respect to the adjustment power requested by the DR request. The adjustable power amount may be the amount of power that can be reduced for a downward DR request (that is, the dischargeable amount), or may be the amount of power that can be increased for an upward DR request (that is, the chargeable amount).

[0108] The message indicating that there is a DR request that cannot be handled by the RA server 200 may include information indicating the insufficient power amount with respect to the adjustment power requested by the DR request. The insufficient power amount may be part of the reduction power amount requested by a downward DR request, or may be part of the increase power amount requested by an upward DR request.

[0109] [Modification Example 2] Next, a second modification example of the embodiment will be described. In the following, differences from the above-described embodiment will mainly be described.

[0110] In the second modification example, Option 1-2 described above will be explained. Specifically, the adjustment of the profit of Facility 100 and the profit of the retail electricity provider will be described.

[0111] The RA server 200 formulates a charge / discharge plan for the energy storage device 120 based on adjustment information for adjusting the profit of Facility 100 and the profit of the retail electricity provider. The adjustment information may be set by the AC server 300 and transmitted from the AC server 300 to the RA server 200. The following options can be considered as adjustment information.

[0112] In Option 1, the adjustment information may include information indicating which of the profit of Facility 100 and the profit of the retail electricity provider is to be prioritized. Such information may be represented in the form of a flag and may be referred to as a priority flag.

[0113] For example, when "0" is set as the priority flag, the priority flag may mean that the profit of Facility 100 is prioritized over the profit of the retail electricity provider. The ratio by which the profit of Facility 100 is prioritized over the profit of the retail electricity provider may be predetermined. The priority flag with "0" set may mean maximizing the profit of Facility 100. In such a case, the profit of the retail electricity provider may be maximized under the constraint that the profit of Facility 100 does not decrease.

[0114] For example, when "1" is set as the priority flag, the priority flag may mean that the profit of the retail electricity provider is prioritized over the profit of Facility 100. The ratio by which the profit of the retail electricity provider is prioritized over the profit of Facility 100 may be predetermined. The priority flag with "1" set may mean maximizing the profit of the retail electricity provider. In such a case, the profit of Facility 100 may be maximized under the constraint that the profit of the retail electricity provider does not decrease.

[0115] In Modification 2, although the priority flag that can take two types of values was exemplified, the priority flag may be a flag that can take three or more types of values. For example, a priority flag set to "00" means that the profit of Facility 100 is prioritized over the profit of the retail electricity business operator (facility priority type), and a priority flag set to "01" means that the profit of the retail electricity business operator is prioritized over the profit of Facility 100 (retail priority type), and a priority flag set to "10" may mean that the profit of the retail electricity business operator and the profit of Facility 100 are treated equally (balanced type).

[0116] In Option 2, the adjustment information may include information indicating the ratio of the profit of Facility 100 to the profit of the retail electricity business operator. Such information may be referred to as a priority ratio.

[0117] For example, when assuming a case where the profit obtained by charging or discharging the energy storage device 120 is represented by the sum of the profit of Facility 100 × β and the profit of the retail electricity business operator × (1 - β), the priority ratio may be represented by β or 1 - β. The possible values of β may be values included in the range of 0 ≤ β ≤ 1. β may take a value smaller than 0 or a value larger than 1.

[0118] For example, when β is 1, β may mean maximizing the profit of Facility 100. In such a case, the profit of the retail electricity business operator may be maximized under the constraint that the profit of Facility 100 does not decrease.

[0119] For example, when β is 0, β may mean maximizing the profit of the retail electricity business operator. In such a case, the profit of Facility 100 may be maximized under the constraint that the profit of the retail electricity business operator does not decrease.

[0120] For example, when β is 0.5, β may mean treating the profit of the retail electricity business operator and the profit of Facility 100 equally.

[0121] [Other Embodiments] Although the present invention has been described by the above-described embodiments, the discussions and drawings that form a part of this disclosure should not be understood as limiting the present invention. Various alternative embodiments, examples, and operation techniques will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure.

[0122] In the above disclosure, an example was given in which the distributed power source controlled by the RA server 200 is the power storage device 120. However, the above disclosure is not limited to this. The distributed power source controlled by the RA server 200 may be the fuel cell device 130 or a diesel generator.

[0123] In the above disclosure, a case where the RA server 200 and the AC server 300 are separate servers was described. However, the above disclosure is not limited to this. The RA server 200 and the AC server 300 may be one server. In such a case, the function corresponding to the RA server 200 may be referred to as a VPP function, and the function corresponding to the AC server 300 may be referred to as a retail function.

[0124] Although not particularly mentioned in the above disclosure, a program for causing a computer to execute each process performed by the RA server 200 may be provided. Further, the program may be recorded on a computer-readable medium. By using a computer-readable medium, it is possible to install the program on a computer. Here, the computer-readable medium on which the program is recorded may be a non-transitory recording medium. The non-transitory recording medium is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, a recording medium such as a CD-ROM or a DVD-ROM.

[0125] Alternatively, a chip constituted by a memory that stores a program for executing each process performed by the RA server 200 and a processor that executes the program stored in the memory may be provided.

[0126] [Appendix] The above disclosure may be expressed as follows. The first feature is a power control device comprising a receiving unit that receives adjustment requests for requesting supply-demand adjustment of a power system, and a control unit that formulates a control plan for a distributed power source installed in a facility for a target period, wherein when the control unit receives two or more adjustment requests for the target period as the adjustment requests, the control unit formulates the control plan for the distributed power source based on the priority of each of the two or more adjustment requests.

[0127] The second feature is the power control device according to the first feature, wherein the priority of each of the two or more adjustment requests is set higher as the adjustment section requested by each of the two or more adjustment requests is closer to the time when the control plan for the distributed power source is formulated.

[0128] The third feature is the power control device according to the first feature or the second feature, wherein the priority of each of the two or more adjustment requests is set higher as the reward for each of the two or more adjustment requests is higher.

[0129] The fourth feature is the power control device according to at least any one of the first to third features, wherein the priority of each of the two or more adjustment requests is set by the server that transmits the adjustment requests.

[0130] The fifth feature is the power control device according to at least any one of the first to fourth features, wherein when there is an adjustment request that cannot be handled by the power control device among the two or more adjustment requests, the power control device transmits to the server that transmits the adjustment requests that there is an adjustment request that cannot be handled by the power control device.

[0131] The sixth feature is the power control device according to at least any one of the first to fifth features, wherein the control unit formulates the control plan for the distributed power source based on the profit of a specific business operator that sells power to the facility and the profit of the facility.

[0132] The seventh feature is a power control method comprising: step A of receiving an adjustment request for requesting supply-demand adjustment of a power system; and step B of formulating a control plan for a distributed power source installed in a facility for a target period, wherein step A includes a step of formulating the control plan for the distributed power source based on the priority of each of the two or more adjustment requests when two or more adjustment requests for the target period are received as the adjustment request.

Explanation of Signs

[0133] 1…Power control system, 11…Network, 12…Power system, 100…Facility, 110…Solar cell device, 120…Power storage device, 130…Fuel cell device, 140…Load equipment, 160…EMS, 190…Measurement device, 200…RA server, 210…Communication unit, 220…Management unit, 230…Control unit, 300…AC server, 310…Communication unit, 320…Management unit, 330…Control unit

Claims

1. a receiving unit that receives an adjustment request for requesting power supply and demand adjustment of a power system; a control unit that formulates a control plan for a distributed power source installed in a facility for a target period; and when the control unit receives two or more adjustment requests for the target period as the adjustment requests, the control unit formulates a control plan for the distributed power source based on the priority of each of the two or more adjustment requests. A power control device.

2. The priority of each of the two or more adjustment requests is set higher as the adjustment period requested by each of the two or more adjustment requests is closer to the time when the control plan for the distributed power source is formulated. The power control device according to claim 1.

3. The priority of each of the two or more adjustment requests is set higher as the reward for each of the two or more adjustment requests is higher. The power control device according to claim 1.

4. The priority of each of the two or more adjustment requests is set by the server that transmits the adjustment request. The power control device according to claim 1.

5. When there is an adjustment request that cannot be handled by the power control device among the two or more adjustment requests, the server that transmits the adjustment request is notified that there is an adjustment request that cannot be handled by the power control device. The power control device according to claim 1.

6. The control unit formulates a control plan for the distributed power source based on the profit of a specific business operator that sells power to the facility and the profit of the facility. The power control device according to claim 1.

7. Step A of receiving an adjustment request for requesting power supply and demand adjustment of a power system; Step B of formulating a control plan for a distributed power source installed in a facility for a target period; and When the adjustment request in step A receives two or more adjustment requests for the target period as the adjustment request, step A includes a step of formulating a control plan for the distributed power source based on the priority of each of the two or more adjustment requests. A power control method.

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