Fire-resistant structure and installation method

Abstract

The present invention provides a fire-resistant structure that can enhance fire resistance, and a method for installing such a fire-resistant structure. [Solution] A fire-resistant structure 1 according to one embodiment comprises a steel material 2, a plurality of wooden plate sections 3 arranged to surround the steel material 2, and a plurality of fire-resistant plate materials 6 fixed to the surfaces 3d of the plurality of wooden plate sections 3 facing the steel material 2. When viewed along the direction in which the steel material 2 extends, gaps K are formed between the plurality of fire-resistant plate materials 6.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a fire-resistant structure and a method for installing a fire-resistant structure.

Background Art

[0002] Patent Document 1 describes a fire-resistant structure and a method for constructing a fire-resistant structure. The fire-resistant structure includes a steel material which is a steel pipe having a rectangular cross-section, and a wooden fire-resistant coating material formed in a hollow square column shape that encloses the steel material. Mounting members to which the wooden fire-resistant coating material is attached are connected to each side surface portion of the steel material. The mounting member has an air layer that surrounds the steel material between the steel material and the wooden fire-resistant coating material.

[0003] The wooden fire-resistant coating material has a wooden plate portion, a flame intrusion prevention corner portion, and a fire-resistant material. The flame intrusion prevention corner portion is provided at each inner corner portion of a plurality of wooden plate portions in a cross-section orthogonal to the direction in which the wooden plate portion extends. The flame intrusion prevention corner portion extends in the extending direction along each inner corner portion. The flame intrusion prevention corner portion is composed of a material that is less combustible than the wooden plate portion, such as a high heat capacity material or a non-combustible material, or wood having a large specific gravity.

[0004] The fire-resistant material is provided on the inner surface of the wooden plate portion so as to face the air layer. The fire-resistant material is provided so as to connect a pair of adjacent flame intrusion prevention corner portions. The fire-resistant material is provided discontinuously with respect to adjacent fire-resistant materials. The fire-resistant material is composed of a gypsum board, a reinforced gypsum board, a fire-resistant paint, or a fire-resistant spray material.

[0005] In a cross-section orthogonal to the direction in which the wooden plate portion extends, each of a plurality of fire-resistant materials is provided so as to surround the steel material. From the outside of the wooden plate portion in the cross-section, a mounting material constituting a heat transfer material is driven into the wooden plate portion and the fire-resistant material, and a corner joining material is driven into the wooden plate portion and the flame intrusion prevention corner portion.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 7287562 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0007] Incidentally, in fire-resistant structures using wood, it is necessary to ensure fire resistance while also increasing the amount of carbon dioxide sequestration by using as much wood as possible. During the growth process of wood, it absorbs carbon dioxide, and by using wood that has absorbed carbon dioxide while new trees are planted as part of a fire-resistant structure, the amount of carbon dioxide sequestration increases. In the case of the aforementioned fire-resistant structure, where fastening materials are driven into the outside of the wood panel, the area where the fastening materials are driven in may become a weak point in fire resistance, so there is room for improvement in terms of fire resistance performance.

[0008] This disclosure aims to provide a fire-resistant structure that can enhance fire resistance, and a method for installing a fire-resistant structure. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] (1) The fire-resistant structure according to this disclosure comprises a steel material, a plurality of wooden plate sections arranged to surround the steel material, and a plurality of fire-resistant plates fixed to the surfaces of the plurality of wooden plate sections facing the steel material. When viewed along the direction in which the steel material extends, gaps are formed between the plurality of fire-resistant plates.

[0010] In this fire-resistant structure, multiple wooden panels are arranged to surround the steel frame, and fire-resistant panels are provided on the surfaces of the wooden panels facing the steel frame. This enhances the thermal insulation between the steel frame and the wooden panels. Therefore, even if gaps are formed between the multiple fire-resistant panels, the fire resistance can be improved. Furthermore, if there are no gaps between the multiple fire-resistant panels, a high level of construction precision is required. In contrast, if gaps are formed between the multiple fire-resistant panels when viewed along the direction in which the steel frame extends, construction can be carried out more easily.

[0011] (2) In (1) above, the fire-resistant structure may include a fire-resistant member provided between a plurality of wooden board sections. When viewed along the direction in which the steel material extends, the fire-resistant member may extend in the thickness direction of the wooden board sections between the plurality of wooden board sections. In this case, the fire-resistant member extends in the thickness direction of the wooden board sections between the plurality of wooden board sections. Therefore, by having a plurality of wooden board sections arranged to surround the steel material, the amount of wood used can be increased compared to the case in which the fire-resistant member is arranged to surround the steel material.

[0012] (3) In (1) or (2) above, the fire-resistant structure may have an air layer located between the steel material and the multiple wooden board sections. In this case, the air layer located between the steel material and the wooden board sections can improve the heat insulation between the steel material and the wooden board sections, thereby further improving the fire-resistant performance.

[0013] (4) In any of (1) to (3) above, the wooden panel section may be U-shaped when viewed along the direction in which the steel material extends. In this case, the steel material can be surrounded by the two wooden panel sections by joining the two U-shaped wooden panel sections together. Therefore, the amount of wood used can be increased and the arrangement of the wooden panel sections can be made easier.

[0014] (5) In any of (1) to (4) above, the fire-resistant structure may include a first metal fitting for fixing the lower end of the wooden board section to the flooring material located at the lower end of the steel material, and a second metal fitting for fixing the upper part of the wooden board section to the upper part of the steel material. In this case, the lower end of the wooden board section can be fixed to the flooring material by the first metal fitting, and the upper part of the wooden board section can be fixed to the upper part of the steel material by the second metal fitting.

[0015] (6) In any of (1) to (5) above, the fire-resistant structure may include a third metal fitting that connects the upper ends of multiple wooden board sections and a fourth metal fitting that connects the lower ends of multiple wooden board sections. In this case, the upper ends of multiple wooden board sections can be connected by the third metal fitting, and the lower ends of multiple wooden board sections can be connected by the fourth metal fitting.

[0016] (7) The method for installing a fire-resistant structure according to the present disclosure comprises a steel material, a plurality of wooden board sections, and a plurality of fire-resistant plates. The method for installing a fire-resistant structure comprises the steps of fixing a fire-resistant plate to the surface of each of the plurality of wooden board sections facing the steel material, and installing the plurality of wooden board sections around the steel material such that gaps are formed between the plurality of fire-resistant plates when viewed along the direction in which the steel material extends.

[0017] In this fire-resistant structure installation method, fire-resistant panels are fixed to the surfaces of multiple wooden panels facing the steel members, and the multiple wooden panels with the fire-resistant panels fixed are arranged to surround the steel members. This improves the heat insulation between the steel members and the wooden panels, thus enhancing fire resistance even if gaps are formed between the multiple fire-resistant panels. Furthermore, gaps are formed between the multiple fire-resistant panels when viewed along the direction in which the steel members extend. Therefore, construction can be easily carried out.

[0018] (8) In (7) above, the method for installing the fire-resistant structure may include a step of fixing a fire-resistant member to at least one of the multiple wooden board sections. In the step of installing the wooden board sections, the multiple wooden board sections may be installed around the steel material such that the fire-resistant member extends in the thickness direction of the wooden board sections between the multiple wooden board sections. In this case, the steel material, wooden board sections, and fire-resistant member are provided, and the multiple wooden board sections are arranged to surround the steel material. The fire-resistant member is provided between the multiple wooden board sections arranged to surround the steel material. Therefore, the fire resistance between the multiple wooden board sections can be increased. The fire-resistant member is arranged to extend in the thickness direction of the wooden board sections between the multiple wooden board sections. Therefore, by using multiple wooden board sections arranged to surround the steel material, the amount of wood used can be increased compared to the case where the fire-resistant member is arranged to surround the steel material.

[0019] (9) In the above (8), each of the plurality of wooden plate portions may be U-shaped when viewed along the direction in which the steel material extends. In the step of fixing the fire-resistant member, the fire-resistant member may be fixed to either one end or the other end of the U-shaped portion of the pair of wooden plate portions. In the step of installing the plurality of wooden plate portions, the fire-resistant member fixed to one of the pair of wooden plate portions may be brought into contact with the end portion of the U-shaped portion in the other of the pair of wooden plate portions, and the fire-resistant member fixed to the other of the pair of wooden plate portions may be brought into contact with the end portion of the U-shaped portion in the one of the pair of wooden plate portions. In this case, the steel material can be surrounded by the pair of wooden plate portions shaped like a U. Further, by fixing the fire-resistant member to either one end or the other end of the U-shaped portion of the pair of wooden plate portions and connecting the end portions of the U-shaped portions of the pair of wooden plate portions to each other, the steel material can be surrounded. Therefore, the installation of the fire-resistant structure can be easily performed.

Effect of the Invention

[0020] According to the present disclosure, the fire-resistant performance can be enhanced.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a fire-resistant structure according to an embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the wooden plate portion and the fire-resistant plate material of the fire-resistant structure of FIG. 1. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the steel material, the wooden plate portion, and the fire-resistant plate material of the fire-resistant structure of FIG. 1. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a plurality of wooden plate portions, a plurality of fire-resistant plate materials, and a fire-resistant member of the fire-resistant structure of FIG. 1. [Figure 5] FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b) are side views showing the fire-resistant structure of FIG. 1. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the upper end portion of the fire-resistant structure of FIG. 1. [Figure 7] FIGS. 7(a) and 7(b) are views showing the first metal fittings of the fire-resistant structure of FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b). [Figure 8]Figures 8(a) and 8(b) show the second metal fittings of the fire-resistant structure shown in Figures 5(a), 5(b), and 6. [Figure 9] Figures 9(a) and 9(b) show the third and fourth metal fittings of the fire-resistant structure shown in Figures 5(a) and 5(b). [Figure 10] Figure 10 is a plan view showing an example of the state before the lower end of the wooden board section is fixed to the flooring material located at the lower end of the steel member. [Figure 11] Figure 11 shows a fire-resistant structure relating to the first modified example. [Figure 12] Figures 12(a) and 12(b) show the fire-resistant structure according to the second modified example. [Figure 13] Figure 13 shows a fire-resistant structure relating to the third modified example. [Figure 14] Figure 14 shows a fire-resistant structure relating to the fourth modified example. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0022] The following describes embodiments of the fire-resistant structure and the method of installing the fire-resistant structure according to this disclosure, with reference to the drawings. In the description of the drawings, the same or equivalent elements are denoted by the same reference numeral, and redundant explanations are omitted as appropriate. For the sake of ease of understanding, some parts of the drawings may be simplified or exaggerated, and the dimensional ratios, etc., are not limited to those shown in the drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 shows a cross-section of the fire-resistant structure 1 according to an embodiment, when cut by a plane extending horizontally. The fire-resistant structure 1 comprises a steel material 2, a wooden board section 3, and a fire-resistant member 4. In a plan view, for example, the steel material 2 is shaped like a rectangular frame with rounded corners. As an example, the steel material 2 is a square steel pipe. The steel material 2 may also be a steel frame member. For example, the steel material 2 is a steel column. Furthermore, the steel material 2 may be a CFT column, and the type of steel material 2 is not particularly limited.

[0024] The fire-resistant structure 1 has a plurality of wooden panel sections 3. The plurality of wooden panel sections 3 are arranged to surround the steel material 2. For example, the wooden panel section 3 is U-shaped in plan view. In this case, the ends of the U-shaped wooden panel sections 3 are joined together in a pair of wooden panel sections 3 to form a rectangular frame-shaped steel material arrangement area 3b. The steel material arrangement area 3b is an internal space in a rectangular frame shape in plan view, formed by a pair of U-shaped wooden panel sections 3, and the steel material 2 is arranged in the steel material arrangement area 3b.

[0025] The fire-resistant structure 1 has an air layer 5 located between the steel material 2 and the multiple wooden panel sections 3 (steel material arrangement area 3b). In plan view, the air layer 5 surrounds the steel material 2 and is surrounded by the multiple wooden panel sections 3. The wooden panel sections 3 are wooden fire-resistant covering materials that further surround the air layer 5 surrounding the steel material 2. The wooden panel sections 3 are composed of, for example, multiple boards 3c.

[0026] The multiple plate materials 3c include, for example, multiple first plate materials 3c1 and multiple second plate materials 3c2. The first plate material 3c1 is rectangular in shape, having a long side extending in a first direction D1 in a plan view and a short side extending in a second direction D2 that intersects the first direction D1 in a plan view. The second plate material 3c2 is rectangular in shape, having a long side extending in a second direction D2 in a plan view and a short side extending in a first direction D1 in a plan view.

[0027] For example, the first direction D1 is horizontal, and the second direction D2 is horizontal, perpendicular to the first direction D1. The steel material 2 extends in a third direction D3 that intersects both the first direction D1 and the second direction D2. The third direction D3 is, for example, perpendicular to the first direction D1 and the second direction D2. As an example, the third direction D3 is vertical.

[0028] The wood panel section 3 comprises a pair of first panels 3c1 arranged in a second direction D2, and a plurality of second panels 3c2 located between the ends of the pair of first panels 3c1 in the first direction D1. As an example, the wood panel section 3 is composed of two first panels 3c1 and three second panels 3c2. In this case, the three second panels 3c2 are arranged in the second direction D2 between the ends of the two first panels 3c1 in the first direction D1. The above describes an example in which the wood panel section 3 is composed of two first panels 3c1 and three second panels 3c2. However, the number, shape, and arrangement of the panels 3c in the wood panel section 3 are not particularly limited.

[0029] Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the multiple wooden panel sections 3 in Figure 1. Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the steel material 2 and a portion of the multiple plate materials 3c in Figure 1. As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, the fire-resistant structure 1 has fire-resistant plate materials 6 provided on the surfaces 3d of the multiple wooden panel sections 3 facing the steel material 2, and corner fittings 7 provided at each corner of the steel material arrangement area 3b in a plan view. Surface 3d is the inner surface of the steel material arrangement area 3b in a plan view.

[0030] The fire-resistant board material 6 is, for example, a calcium silicate board. The fire-resistant board material 6 is arranged to straddle the surfaces 3d of multiple board materials 3c. The fire-resistant structure 1 has multiple screws 8 for fixing the fire-resistant board material 6 to the wood panel section 3. For example, the fire-resistant structure 1 has six fire-resistant board materials 6, and three fire-resistant board materials 6 are attached to one wood panel section 3. For example, one fire-resistant board material 6 is attached to the surface 3d of the first board material 3c1, and the fire-resistant board material 6 is fixed to the surface 3d of the board material 3c by multiple screws 8 (two in this example).

[0031] For example, one fire-resistant sheet 6 is attached so as to span multiple second sheets 3c2. The fire-resistant sheet 6 is attached so as to span three second sheets 3c2. The fire-resistant sheet 6 is fixed to the surface 3d of the second sheets 3c2 by screws 8. The screws 8 fix the fire-resistant sheet 6 to the second sheets 3c2 on both sides in the second direction D2 of the second sheets 3c2.

[0032] The fire-resistant structure 1 has multiple fire-resistant panels 6, which are fixed to the surfaces 3d of multiple wooden panel sections 3 facing the steel members 2. When viewed along the third direction D3, gaps K are formed between the multiple fire-resistant panels 6. The gaps K extend continuously along the third direction D3. For example, when viewed along the third direction D3, gaps K are formed at each of the corners (four corners as an example) of the multiple wooden panel sections 3 (steel member arrangement area 3b).

[0033] The corner fitting 7 is made of, for example, a bent steel plate. The corner fitting 7 is fixed to the respective surfaces 3d of the first plate material 3c1 and the second plate material 3c2 together with the fire-resistant plate material 6 by screws 8. The corner fitting 7 is located on the inside of the fire-resistant plate material 6 when viewed, for example, along the third direction D3. As an example, two screws 8 are driven into the corner fitting 7, the fire-resistant plate material 6 and the first plate material 3c1, and two screws 8 are driven into the corner fitting 7, the fire-resistant plate material 6 and the second plate material 3c2.

[0034] For example, in fire-resistant structure 1, the screws 8 are not driven in from the outside in a plan view. In this case, the screws 8 can avoid becoming thermal bridges, thus further improving the thermal insulation performance. For example, multiple corner fittings 7 are arranged along the third direction D3. For example, multiple corner fittings 7 are arranged at equal intervals along the third direction D3, and the interval between the corner fittings 7 arranged along the third direction D3 is 800 mm.

[0035] As described above, the wood panel section 3, which is U-shaped in plan view, is integrated by fixing multiple fire-resistant panels 6 and multiple corner fittings 7 to the surfaces 3d of multiple first panels 3c1 and multiple panels 3c. As a result, when viewed along the third direction D3, which is the direction in which the steel material 2 extends (in plan view), the wood panel section 3 is U-shaped.

[0036] Figure 4 is an enlarged plan view of the multiple wood panel sections 3, the multiple fire-resistant board materials 6, and the fire-resistant member 4. As shown in Figures 1, 3, and 4, the fire-resistant member 4 is provided between the multiple wood panel sections 3. When viewed along the third direction D3, which is the direction in which the steel material 2 extends, the fire-resistant member 4 extends in the thickness direction D4 of the wood panel sections 3 between the multiple wood panel sections 3. As an example, the fire-resistant member 4 is provided between a pair of first board materials 3c1. Between the pair of first board materials 3c1, the fire-resistant member 4 extends in the second direction D2. For example, the second direction D2 coincides with the thickness direction D4.

[0037] The fire-resistant member 4 is, for example, a foamed fire-resistant sheet (high-temperature foamed fire-resistant sheet). The fire-resistant member 4 may expand in the event of a fire to form an insulating layer between the multiple wood panel sections 3. For example, the fire-resistant member 4 expands to several tens of times its original size due to the heat of the fire, forming an insulating layer that fills the gaps between the multiple panel materials 3c and blocks heat from entering the air layer 5 through these gaps. In this way, the fire-resistant member 4 expands and exhibits fire-resistant performance. As an example, the fire-resistant member 4 contains ammonium polyphosphate. In this case, the fire-resistant member 4 exhibits a high flame-retardant effect. However, the material of the fire-resistant member 4 can be changed as appropriate.

[0038] A gap S is formed between the fire-resistant plate 6 fixed to the surface 3d of the wood panel 3 located on one side in the first direction D1 as viewed from the fire-resistant member 4, and the fire-resistant plate 6 fixed to the surface 3d of the wood panel 3 located on the other side in the first direction D1 as viewed from the fire-resistant member 4. The end face of the fire-resistant plate 6 in the first direction D1 is recessed in a direction away from the fire-resistant member 4 than the end face of the wood panel 3 in the first direction D1.

[0039] Because the end face of the fire-resistant board material 6 is recessed compared to the end face of the wood panel section 3, collisions between the fire-resistant board materials 6 during the joining of multiple wood panel sections 3 can be avoided. For example, the length X of the gap S (length D1 in the first direction) is greater than the thickness of the fire-resistant member 4 (length D1 in the first direction). As an example, the upper limit of the length of the gap S is 10 mm. In this case, the gap S can be filled by the expanded fire-resistant member 4, thereby improving the fire resistance performance between the pair of fire-resistant board materials 6.

[0040] Figure 5(a) is a side view of the fire-resistant structure 1 when viewed along the second direction D2. Figure 5(b) is a side view of the fire-resistant structure 1 when viewed along the first direction D1. In Figures 5(a) and 5(b), the fire-resistant structure 1 includes a steel material 9, which is an H-beam, instead of the steel material 2. Thus, the type of steel material of the fire-resistant structure 1 can be changed as appropriate. The steel material 9 has, for example, a web 9b extending in the first direction D1 and the third direction D3, and a pair of flanges 9c extending in the second direction D2 and the third direction D3 at each end of the web 9b in the first direction D1.

[0041] The fire-resistant structure 1 has a plurality of metal fittings 10 that connect the various parts of the fire-resistant structure 1 to each other. For example, the plurality of metal fittings 10 include a first metal fitting 11 that fixes the lower end of the wooden panel section 3 to the floor material F located at the lower end of the steel material 9, a second metal fitting 12 that fixes the upper part of the wooden panel section 3 to the upper part (column head) of the steel material 9, a third metal fitting 13 that connects the upper ends of the plurality of wooden panel sections 3 to each other, and a fourth metal fitting 14 that connects the lower ends of the plurality of wooden panel sections 3 to each other.

[0042] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the upper portion of the fire-resistant structure 1. As shown in Figures 5(a), 5(b), and 6, for example, the steel member 9 protrudes upward from the wooden panel section 3. As an example, the hardware 10 includes a fifth hardware member 15 fixed to the steel member 9. In this case, the second hardware member 12, fixed to the upper part of the wooden panel section 3, is fixed to the upper part of the steel member 9 via the fifth hardware member 15. Below, detailed examples of the first hardware member 11, the second hardware member 12, the third hardware member 13, the fourth hardware member 14, and the fifth hardware member 15 will be described.

[0043] Figures 7(a) and 7(b) show the first metal fitting 11. As shown in Figures 5(b), 7(a), and 7(b), the first metal fitting 11 has a C-shaped insertion part 11b into which the wooden board part 3 is inserted, and an extended part 11c extending from the left end of the C shape of the insertion part 11b. The insertion part 11b and the extended part 11c are F-shaped.

[0044] The first metal fitting 11 has a rectangular first plate portion 11d, a second plate portion 11f extending from one end of the first plate portion 11d in a direction intersecting the first plate portion 11d, and a third plate portion 11g extending from a portion of the first plate portion 11d in a direction intersecting the first plate portion 11d. An insertion portion 11b is formed in the region enclosed by a part of the first plate portion 11d, the second plate portion 11f, and the third plate portion 11g, and an extended portion 11c is formed by the remaining part of the first plate portion 11d.

[0045] The extended portion 11c has a hole 11h into which a bolt for attaching the first metal fitting 11 to the flooring material F is inserted. The flooring material F has, for example, an insert into which the bolt is screwed. The first metal fitting 11 is fixed to the flooring material F by screwing the bolt, which is inserted into the hole 11h with the hole 11h aligned with the position of the insert, into the insert. The hole 11h penetrates the extended portion 11c in the direction of the plate thickness of the extended portion 11c. The hole 11h is, for example, an elongated hole.

[0046] Figures 8(a) and 8(b) show the second metal fitting 12. As shown in Figures 6, 8(a), and 8(b), the second metal fitting 12 has a first opposing portion 12b that faces the wooden plate portion 3 and a second opposing portion 12c that faces the fifth metal fitting 15. The first opposing portion 12b and the second opposing portion 12c are rectangular plates. The second opposing portion 12c extends from one of the long sides of the first opposing portion 12b in a direction that intersects with the first opposing portion 12b. When viewed along the longitudinal direction of the second metal fitting 12, the first opposing portion 12b and the second opposing portion 12c are L-shaped.

[0047] The first opposing portion 12b has a first hole 12d into which a screw for fixing the second metal fitting 12 to the wood panel portion 3 is inserted. The first hole 12d penetrates the first opposing portion 12b in the direction of the thickness of the first opposing portion 12b. The first opposing portion 12b has, for example, a plurality of first holes 12d. The plurality of first holes 12d are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the first opposing portion 12b.

[0048] The second opposing portion 12c has a second hole 12f into which a bolt for fixing the second metal fitting 12 to the fifth metal fitting 15 is inserted. The second hole 12f penetrates the second opposing portion 12c in the thickness direction of the second opposing portion 12c. The inner diameter of the second hole 12f is larger than the inner diameter of the first hole 12d. The first hole 12d is formed on one longitudinal side (e.g., the bottom side) of the second metal fitting 12, and the second hole 12f is formed on the other longitudinal side (e.g., the top side) of the second metal fitting 12.

[0049] The fifth metal fitting 15 has a first fixing portion 15b that is fixed to the steel material 9 and a second fixing portion 15c to which the second metal fitting 12 is fixed. The first fixing portion 15b and the second fixing portion 15c are rectangular plates. The second fixing portion 15c extends from one side of the first fixing portion 15b in a direction that intersects with the first fixing portion 15b. For example, in a plan view, the first fixing portion 15b and the second fixing portion 15c are L-shaped.

[0050] The first fixing part 15b is fixed to the steel material 9 by welding, for example. The second fixing part 15c protrudes from the first fixing part 15b and has a hole into which a bolt for fixing the second metal fitting 12 to the fifth metal fitting 15 is inserted. With the second hole 12f of the second metal fitting 12 superimposed on this hole, a bolt B is inserted through the hole and the second hole 12f, and the second metal fitting 12 is fixed to the fifth metal fitting 15 by tightening the bolt B with a nut.

[0051] Figures 9(a) and 9(b) show the third metal fitting 13 and the fourth metal fitting 14. As shown in Figures 5(a), 9(a), and 9(b), it is possible to use the same metal fittings for the third metal fitting 13 and the fourth metal fitting 14, for example. Therefore, a detailed explanation of the fourth metal fitting 14 will be omitted below.

[0052] The third metal fitting 13 has an insertion portion 13b into which multiple wooden plate portions 3 are inserted. The insertion portion 13b is U-shaped. The third metal fitting 13 has a rectangular first plate portion 13c, a second plate portion 13d extending from one end of the first plate portion 13c in a direction intersecting the first plate portion 13c, and a third plate portion 13f extending from the end of the second plate portion 13d opposite to the first plate portion 13c in a direction intersecting the second plate portion 13d. The insertion portion 13b is formed in the region enclosed by the first plate portion 13c, the second plate portion 13d, and the third plate portion 13f.

[0053] A pair of wooden board sections 3 are inserted into the insertion section 13b. The third metal fitting 13 has a first hole 13h into one of the pair of wooden board sections 3 into which a screw for fixing the third metal fitting 13 is inserted, and a second hole 13j into the other of the pair of wooden board sections 3 into which a screw for fixing the third metal fitting 13 is inserted. With one wooden board section 3 inserted into the insertion section 13b at a position opposite the first hole 13h, and the other wooden board section 3 inserted into the insertion section 13b at a position opposite the second hole 13j, the pair of wooden board sections 3 are connected to each other by driving screws into the first hole 13h and the second hole 13j, respectively. For example, the third metal fitting 13 has multiple first holes 13h and multiple second holes 13j. The multiple first holes 13h and multiple second holes 13j are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the third metal fitting 13.

[0054] The details of the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth hardware components 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 have been described above. However, the shape and size of the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth hardware components 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 are not limited to the examples given above and can be modified as appropriate.

[0055] Next, the installation method according to this embodiment will be described. Below, an example of a method for installing a fire-resistant structure 1 comprising steel material 2, a plurality of wooden board sections 3, and fire-resistant members 4 provided between the plurality of wooden board sections 3 will be described. First, as shown in Figure 10, the steel material 9 is erected on the floor material F (steel material erection process).

[0056] Next, the wooden panel section 3 is fabricated. At this time, as shown in Figure 1, fire-resistant panels 6 are fixed to the surface 3d of each of the multiple wooden panel sections 3 that faces the steel material 2 (step of fixing fire-resistant panels). For example, multiple panels 3c are arranged in a U-shape in plan view, and multiple fire-resistant panels 6 and corner fittings 7 are fixed to the inside (surface 3d) of the multiple panels 3c in plan view with screws 8. Then, by fixing a fire-resistant member 4 to either one end or the other end of the U-shaped part of the wooden panel section 3 (step of fixing fire-resistant member), a wooden panel section 3 in a U-shape in plan view is fabricated. Two wooden panel sections 3 are fabricated in this way.

[0057] As shown in Figures 5(a) and 5(b), the first metal fitting 11, which determines the position of the wooden panel section 3 on the column base side, is fixed to the flooring material F (step of fixing the first metal fitting to the flooring material). For example, the first metal fitting 11 is placed on the flooring material F and fixed to the flooring material F by inserting a bolt into the hole 11h of the extended portion 11c. As an example, the first metal fitting 11 is fixed to each of the four sides of the rectangular area of ​​the flooring material F where the wooden panel section 3 is to be placed in a plan view.

[0058] The fourth metal fitting 14 is fixed to one end of the longitudinal direction of one of the two wooden board sections 3. Then, with the fourth metal fitting 14 facing downwards and oriented to surround the side of the steel material 9, one of the wooden board sections 3 is erected (the process of installing the wooden board section around the steel material). As shown in Figure 1, the wooden board section 3 is installed such that a gap K is formed between the multiple fire-resistant board materials 6 when viewed along the third direction D3. Then, one of the wooden board sections 3 is inserted into the insertion part 11b of the first metal fitting 11 (see Figure 7). This determines the position of one of the wooden board sections 3 relative to the floor material F.

[0059] The wooden panel section 3 may be erected manually or by a crane and lever hoist. When the wooden panel section 3 is erected by a crane and lever hoist, a lifting jig (hooking part) for the lever hoist to hook onto may be provided on the wooden panel section 3. In this case, the lifting jig is provided on the thick surface of the wooden panel section 3 or on the inside of the U-shaped section. As an example, this lifting jig is a long eye screw.

[0060] As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the second metal fitting 12 is fixed to the top of one of the wooden panel sections 3, and the fifth metal fitting 15 is fixed to the steel member 9. The second metal fitting 12 may be pre-fixed to the wooden panel section 3, and the fifth metal fitting 15 may be pre-fixed to the top of the steel member 9 by welding. For example, the second metal fitting 12 is fixed to the wooden panel section 3 by driving a screw into the first hole 12d while the second metal fitting 12 is positioned on the wooden panel section 3. Then, the second metal fitting 12, fixed to the wooden panel section 3, is fixed to the fifth metal fitting 15, fixed to the steel member 9, by bolt. This fixes one of the wooden panel sections 3 to the top of the steel member 9.

[0061] Then, the other of the two wooden panel sections 3 is erected in a position that surrounds the side of the steel material 9 and inserted into the insertion section 11b of the first metal fitting 11 to determine the position of the other wooden panel section 3 relative to the floor material F (step of installing the wooden panel section around the steel material). As described above, as shown in Figure 1, the wooden panel section 3 is installed so that a gap K is formed between the multiple fire-resistant panel materials 6 when viewed along the third direction D3. At this time, the fire-resistant member 4 fixed to either one end or the other end of the U-shaped portion of the other wooden panel section 3 in plan view is brought into contact with one end or the other end of the U-shaped portion of one of the wooden panel sections 3 in plan view, so that the side of the steel material 9 is surrounded by the pair of wooden panel sections 3. A fire-resistant member 4 fixed to one of the pair of wooden board sections 3 is brought into contact with the end of the U-shaped portion of the other wooden board section 3, and a fire-resistant member 4 fixed to the other of the pair of wooden board sections 3 is brought into contact with the end of the U-shaped portion of the other wooden board section 3.

[0062] As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the second metal fitting 12, which is fixed to the other wooden panel section 3, is fixed to the fifth metal fitting 15, which is fixed to the steel member 9, by bolts, thereby fixing the other wooden panel section 3 to the column head of the steel member 9. Then, a third metal fitting 13 is placed to connect the upper ends of the pair of wooden panel sections 3, and the third metal fitting 13 is fixed to both of the pair of wooden panel sections 3 (the process of fixing the third metal fitting). After that, the series of steps for the installation method of the fire-resistant structure 1 is completed.

[0063] Next, the effects obtained from the fire-resistant structure 1 and installation method according to this embodiment will be described. As shown in Figure 1, in the fire-resistant structure 1 and installation method according to this embodiment, a plurality of wooden panel sections 3 are arranged to surround the steel material 2, and fire-resistant plates 6 are provided on the surfaces 3d of the plurality of wooden panel sections 3 that face the steel material 2. This makes it possible to improve the heat insulation between the steel material 2 and the wooden panel sections 3. Therefore, even if gaps K are formed between the plurality of fire-resistant plates 6, the fire resistance performance can be improved. Furthermore, if no gaps K are formed between the plurality of fire-resistant plates 6, high construction accuracy is required. In contrast, if gaps K are formed between the plurality of fire-resistant plates 6 when viewed along the direction in which the steel material 2 extends (third direction D3), construction can be easily carried out.

[0064] In this embodiment, the fire-resistant structure 1 comprises a steel material 2 (or steel material 9), a wooden board section 3, and a fire-resistant member 4, with a plurality of wooden board sections 3 arranged to surround the steel material 2. The installation method of the fire-resistant structure 1 according to this embodiment includes the step of fixing the fire-resistant member 4 to at least one of the plurality of wooden board sections 3. Thus, the fire-resistant member 4 is provided between the plurality of wooden board sections 3 arranged to surround the steel material 2. Therefore, the fire resistance performance between the plurality of wooden board sections 3 can be improved. The fire-resistant member 4 extends in the thickness direction D4 of the wooden board section 3 between the plurality of wooden board sections 3. Therefore, the amount of wood used can be increased compared to the case where the fire-resistant member 4 is arranged to surround the steel material 2, due to the plurality of wooden board sections 3 arranged to surround the steel material 2.

[0065] In this embodiment, the fire-resistant structure 1 has an air layer 5 located between the steel material 2 and a plurality of wood panel sections 3. In this case, the air layer 5 located between the steel material 2 and the wood panel sections 3 can improve the heat insulation between the steel material 2 and the wood panel sections 3, thereby further enhancing the fire-resistant performance.

[0066] In this embodiment, the fire-resistant structure 1 includes fire-resistant plate material 6 fixed to the surfaces 3d (inner surfaces) of the multiple wooden board sections 3 that face the steel material 2. In this case, by providing the fire-resistant plate material 6 on the surfaces 3d of the multiple wooden board sections 3 that face the steel material 2, the heat insulation between the steel material 2 and the wooden board sections 3 can be improved. Therefore, the fire resistance performance can be further enhanced.

[0067] In this embodiment, when viewed along the third direction D3 in which the steel material 2 extends, the wood panel section 3 is U-shaped. In this case, by joining two U-shaped wood panel sections 3 together, the steel material 2 can be surrounded by the two wood panel sections 3. Therefore, the amount of wood used can be increased, and the arrangement of the wood panel sections 3 can be easily made.

[0068] In this embodiment, the fire-resistant structure 1, as shown in Figures 5(a) and 5(b), includes a first metal fitting 11 that fixes the lower end of the wooden board section 3 to the flooring material F located at the lower end of the steel material 2, and a second metal fitting 12 that fixes the upper part of the wooden board section 3 to the upper part of the steel material 2. In this case, the lower end of the wooden board section 3 can be fixed to the flooring material by the first metal fitting 11, and the upper part of the wooden board section 3 can be fixed to the upper part of the steel material 2 by the second metal fitting 12.

[0069] In this embodiment, the fire-resistant structure 1 includes a third metal fitting 13 that connects the upper ends of multiple wooden panel sections 3, and a fourth metal fitting 14 that connects the lower ends of multiple wooden panel sections 3. In this case, the upper ends of multiple wooden panel sections 3 can be connected by the third metal fitting 13, and the lower ends of multiple wooden panel sections 3 can be connected by the fourth metal fitting 14.

[0070] In the installation method according to this embodiment, in the step of fixing the fire-resistant member 4, the fire-resistant member 4 is fixed to either one end or the other end of the U-shaped portion of the pair of wooden board sections 3. In the step of installing multiple wooden board sections 3, the fire-resistant member 4 fixed to one of the pair of wooden board sections 3 is brought into contact with the end of the U-shaped portion of the other wooden board section 3, and the fire-resistant member 4 fixed to the other wooden board section 3 is brought into contact with the end of the U-shaped portion of one of the pair of wooden board sections 3. In this case, the steel material 2 can be surrounded by the pair of U-shaped wooden board sections 3. Furthermore, the steel material 2 can be surrounded by fixing the fire-resistant member 4 to either one end or the other end of the U-shaped portion of the pair of wooden board sections 3 and connecting the ends of the U-shaped portions of the pair of wooden board sections 3. Therefore, the fire-resistant structure 1 can be easily installed.

[0071] Next, a modified version of the fire-resistant structure according to this disclosure will be described. Some of the components of the modified fire-resistant structure described later are the same as some of the components of the fire-resistant structure 1 described above. Therefore, in the following, explanations that overlap with the components of the fire-resistant structure 1 described above will be omitted as appropriate. Figure 11 is a diagram showing fire-resistant structure 1A according to the first modified version.

[0072] As shown in Figure 11, the fire-resistant structure 1A further includes a fire-resistant member 4A located between a plurality of plate members 3c. The fire-resistant member 4A is sandwiched between the end of the second plate member 3c2 in the second direction D2 and the first plate member 3c1. The fire-resistant member 4A is positioned at the corner of the fire-resistant structure 1A. When a fire-resistant plate member 6 is applied to the corner of the wooden board section 3 in a plan view, a gap H may occur between the pair of fire-resistant plate members 6 at the corner. The fire-resistant member 4A is positioned between the two plate members 3c and in a position to close the gap H. By positioning the fire-resistant member 4A in this way, the fire-resistant performance of the fire-resistant structure 1A can be further enhanced.

[0073] Figures 12(a) and 12(b) show a fire-resistant structure 1B according to the second modified example. In the fire-resistant structure 1B, the end portion 3f of the U-shaped portion of the wooden board section 3 is crank-shaped. The end portion 3f includes a first surface 3f1 extending from the outer surface 3h of the U-shaped portion of the wooden board section 3, a second surface 3f2 extending from the end of the first surface 3f1 opposite to the outer surface 3h, and a third surface 3f3 extending from the end of the second surface 3f2 opposite to the first surface 3f1 to the inner surface 3j of the U-shaped portion of the wooden board section 3. The first surface 3f1 extends from the outer surface 3h toward the inner surface 3j. The second surface 3f2 extends along the outer surface 3h and the inner surface 3j. The third surface 3f3 extends from the end of the second surface 3f2 to the inner surface 3j.

[0074] The fire-resistant structure 1B includes a fire-resistant member 4B positioned at the crank-shaped end 3f. In the example shown in Figure 12(a), the fire-resistant member 4B is fixed to the third surface 3f3. Alternatively, as shown in the example shown in Figure 12(b), the fire-resistant member 4B may be fixed to the second surface 3f2. By positioning the fire-resistant member 4B at the crank-shaped end 3f in this way, even if the exterior of the fire-resistant structure 1B is exposed to high temperatures, the intrusion of heat into the interior of the fire-resistant structure 1B can be suppressed.

[0075] Figure 13 shows a fire-resistant structure 1C according to the third modified example. As shown in Figure 13, the fire-resistant structure 1C has two wooden panel sections 33 that have different shapes from each other. The two wooden panel sections 33 are a first wooden panel section 33A which is U-shaped in plan view, and a second wooden panel section 33B which extends in a straight line in plan view. The second wooden panel section 33B extends from one end to the other end of the U-shaped portion of the first wooden panel section 33A.

[0076] The fire-resistant structure 1C has metal fittings 34 located at the corners of the fire-resistant structure 1C in a plan view, which connect the first wood panel section 33A and the second wood panel section 33B to each other. The metal fittings 34 are L-shaped in a plan view. The metal fittings 34 are fixed to the first wood panel section 33A and the second wood panel section 33B by screws, covering the upper ends of the first wood panel section 33A and the second wood panel section 33B. As a result, the first wood panel section 33A and the second wood panel section 33B are connected to each other by the metal fittings 34.

[0077] The installation method for fire-resistant structure 1C is the same as the installation method for fire-resistant structure 1 described above. In the installation method for fire-resistant structure 1C, for example, the first wooden panel section 33A, which is U-shaped in plan view, is erected first and placed on the floor material F so as to surround the steel material 9. Then, the second wooden panel section 33B, which is rectangular in shape, is erected and placed on the floor material F so as to surround the steel material 9 together with the first wooden panel section 33A. Then, as described above, the first wooden panel section 33A and the second wooden panel section 33B are connected to each other by metal fittings 34. This completes the series of steps for the installation method of fire-resistant structure 1C.

[0078] Figure 14 shows a fire-resistant structure 1D according to the fourth modified example. As shown in Figure 14, the fire-resistant structure 1D has two wooden panel sections 43. The two wooden panel sections 43 are a first wooden panel section 43A which is L-shaped in plan view, and a second wooden panel section 43B which is L-shaped in plan view.

[0079] One end of the L-shape of the first wood panel section 43A is fixed to one end of the L-shape of the second wood panel section 43B by screw V1, and the other end of the L-shape of the first wood panel section 43A is fixed to the other end of the L-shape of the second wood panel section 43B by screw V2. Screw V1 is driven into the first wood panel section 43A and the second wood panel section 43B along the second direction D2, and screw V2 is driven into the second wood panel section 43B and the first wood panel section 43A along the direction opposite to D2.

[0080] As described above, the fire-resistant structure 1D according to the fourth modified example provides the same effects and advantages as the fire-resistant structure 1 described above. Note that the first wood panel section 43A and the second wood panel section 43B may each be composed of multiple panels 3c as described above (see Figure 1), or they may be a single unit.

[0081] Embodiments and various modifications of the fire-resistant structure and installation method according to this disclosure have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. That is, it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be modified and changed in various ways within the scope of the gist described in the claims. In other words, the shape, size, number, material and arrangement of each part of the fire-resistant structure, as well as the content and sequence of steps in the installation method, can be appropriately changed within the scope of the gist described above. For example, with respect to the fire-resistant member 4 described above, a plurality of fire-resistant members 4 may be arranged with intervals in the third direction D3 (depth direction in the drawing). That is, the fire-resistant members 4 may not be arranged continuously in the third direction D3, but intermittently in the third direction D3 with intervals such that the fire-resistant members 4 expand when heated.

[0082] In the embodiment described above, a wood panel section 3 composed of two first boards 3c1 and three second boards 3c2 was explained. However, the number, shape, and arrangement of the boards constituting the wood panel section are not particularly limited. For example, the wood panel section may be composed of a single board.

[0083] In the embodiment described above, an example was explained in which the flooring material F has an insert into which a bolt is screwed, and the first metal fitting 11 is fixed to the flooring material F by screwing a bolt inserted into the hole 11h with the hole 11h aligned with the position of the insert into the insert. However, the flooring material F does not have to have an insert, and the first metal fitting 11 may be fixed to the flooring material F by drilling a hole in the flooring material F on site and screwing a bolt inserted into the hole 11h into the hole. Thus, the method of fixing the metal fitting to the flooring material, the method of fixing the metal fitting to the wood panel, the method of fixing the metal fitting to the steel material, and the method of fixing the metal fittings to each other are not particularly limited and can be changed as appropriate. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0084] 1,1A,1B,1C,1D...Fireproof structure, 2...Steel material, 3...Wood board part, 3b...Steel material arrangement area, 3c...Plate material, 3c1...1st plate material, 3c2...2nd board Material, 3d...surface, 3f...end, 3f1...first surface, 3f2...second surface, 3f3...third surface, 3h...outer surface, 3j...inner surface, 4,4A,4B...fireproof member, 5... Air layer, 6... Fireproof plate material, 7... Corner hardware, 8... Screw, 9... Steel material, 9b... Web, 9c... Flange, 10... Hardware, 11... First hardware, 11b... Insertion part, 11c...extending part, 11d...first plate part, 11f...second plate part, 11g...third plate part, 11h...hole, 12...second hardware, 12b...first opposing part, 1 2c...Second opposing part, 12d...First hole, 12f...Second hole, 13...Third metal fitting, 13b...Insertion part, 13c...First plate part, 13d...Second plate part, 13f...Third plate part, 13h...First hole, 13j...Second hole, 14...Fourth metal fitting, 15...Fifth metal fitting, 15b...First fixing part, 15c...Second fixing part, 33...Wood board part, 33A...First wood board part, 33B...Second wood board part, 34...Metal fitting, 43...Wood board part, 43A...First wood board part, 43B...Second wood board part, B...Bolt, D1...First direction, D2...Second direction, D3...Third direction, D4...Board thickness direction, F...Flooring material, K...Gap, H,S...Gap, V1,V2...Screw, X...Length.

Claims

1. Steel materials, Multiple wooden board sections are arranged to surround the aforementioned steel material, Multiple fire-resistant boards are fixed to the surfaces of the multiple wooden board sections facing the steel material, Equipped with, When viewed along the direction in which the steel material extends, gaps are formed between the multiple fire-resistant plate materials. Fireproof construction.

2. A fire-resistant member is provided between multiple wooden board sections, When viewed along the direction in which the steel material extends, the fire-resistant member extends in the thickness direction of the wood panel between the plurality of wood panel sections. The fire-resistant structure according to claim 1.

3. The steel material has an air layer located between it and the plurality of wood-frame sections. The fire-resistant structure according to claim 1 or claim 2.

4. When viewed along the direction in which the steel material extends, the wooden plate portion is U-shaped. The fire-resistant structure according to claim 1 or claim 2.

5. A first metal fitting that fixes the lower end of the wooden board portion to the flooring material located at the lower end of the steel material, A second metal fitting is provided to the upper part of the steel material to fix the upper part of the wooden board section, Equipped with, The fire-resistant structure according to claim 1 or claim 2.

6. A third metal fitting that connects the upper ends of multiple aforementioned wooden board sections, A fourth metal fitting that connects the lower ends of multiple aforementioned wooden board sections, Equipped with, The fire-resistant structure according to claim 1 or claim 2.

7. A method for installing a fire-resistant structure comprising steel materials, multiple wooden board sections, and multiple fire-resistant board materials, A step of fixing the fire-resistant plate material to the surface of each of the multiple wooden board sections that faces the steel material, A step of installing a plurality of wooden board sections around the steel material such that gaps are formed between the plurality of fire-resistant board sections when viewed along the direction in which the steel material extends, Equipped with, Installation method.

8. The process includes a step of fixing a fire-resistant member to at least one of the multiple wooden board sections, In the step of installing the wood panel section, the fire-resistant member is installed around the steel material such that it extends in the thickness direction of the wood panel section between the multiple wood panel sections. The installation method according to claim 7.

9. Each of the multiple wooden board sections is shaped like a U when viewed along the direction in which the steel material extends. In the step of fixing the fire-resistant member, the fire-resistant member is fixed to either one end or the other end of the U-shaped portion of the pair of wooden board sections. In the process of installing multiple wooden board sections, The fire-resistant member fixed to one of the pair of wooden board sections is brought into contact with the end of the U-shaped portion of the other of the pair of wooden board sections. The fire-resistant member fixed to the other of the pair of wooden board sections is brought into contact with the end of the U-shaped portion of one of the pair of wooden board sections. The installation method according to claim 8.

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