Solution for regenerating seaweed beds affected by sea denudation and method for regenerating seaweed beds affected by sea denudation

Abstract

To provide a regenerating liquid for regenerating a seaweed bed that has been burned off due to the lack of nutrient-rich water flowing in from the mountains and thus no seaweed can grow, and a method for regenerating the seaweed bed that has been burned off. The regeneration solution for the seaweed beds that have been damaged by seaweed erosion is a mixture of a culture solution obtained by cultivating Aspergillus, Bacillus, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, Nocardia, Pseudomonas, Ralstonia, Rhizopus, Rhodococcus, and Rhodospirillum in an aqueous molasses solution, fulvic acid, and ferrous ions (Fe 2+ The regeneration solution contains a pH adjusting solution, citric acid, a pH adjusting solution, and water, and the method for regenerating seaweed beds that have been damaged by coastal barrenness comprises constructing a partition wall that separates the coast from the open ocean, mixing the regeneration solution with seawater, curing the mixture for a predetermined period of time, and then allowing the cured liquid to flow toward the coast side of the partition wall.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a regeneration liquid for a seaweed bed that has been barren due to coastal erosion, and a method for regenerating a seaweed bed that has been barren due to coastal erosion, and more particularly to a regeneration liquid for regenerating a seaweed bed that has declined or disappeared due to coastal erosion, and a method for regenerating a seaweed bed that has been barren due to coastal erosion using the regeneration liquid. [Background technology]

[0002] Japan is surrounded by the sea, and coastal fishing used to be thriving, but in recent years coastal fishing has been in a slump all over the country. One of the causes is said to be the frequent occurrence of a phenomenon called "isoyake" along the coast. Isoyake is a phenomenon in which seaweed colonies in shallow waters, on rocks and boulders (seaweed beds), where seaweed used to grow luxuriantly, decline significantly or disappear beyond seasonal fluctuations and slight changes over time.

[0003] It has been pointed out that the cause of seaweed denudation is that as land development progresses, the amount of nutrient-rich water flowing into the sea from the mountains decreases, making it impossible for plankton to survive on the rocks (see, for example, non-patent document 1).

[0004] That is, phytoplankton photosynthesize hydrocarbons from carbon dioxide and water using solar energy, and zooplankton decompose the hydrocarbons through the well-known citric acid cycle (see Figure 1) to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy to sustain the life of the zooplankton. This creates a "positive growth cycle" in which plankton proliferates on the rocks, which leads to an increase in shrimp, seaweed, and other sea bottom organisms, which in turn leads to fish migration, thereby revitalizing coastal fishing.

[0005] Here, the citric acid cycle is +2 ) (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 2). Therefore, if there is a deficiency of ferrous ions, the citric acid cycle will not function. However, if there is a deficiency of ferrous ions (Fe +2 ) is oxidized by oxygen in the air to ferric ion (Fe+3 ), which then changes to solid ferric oxide (Fe2O3) and loses its catalytic activity in the citric acid cycle. +2 ) cannot be transported from the mountains to the sea.

[0006] Conventionally, ferrous ions (Fe +2 ) was transported from the mountains to the sea protected by fulvic acid. However, in recent years, land development has progressed and the movement of fulvic acid from the mountains to the sea has stopped, which has resulted in a decrease in the amount of ferrous ions transported by the citric acid cycle, which has stopped the citric acid cycle and zooplankton cannot survive, causing shrimp, crabs and other sea bottom organisms to die, seaweed to stop growing, migratory fish that feed on seaweed to stop coming, oysters and other sea bottom organisms to die, and small fish that lay eggs on seaweed to stop coming, creating a "negative growth cycle" and causing rocky shore bleaching.

[0007] As a method for restoring seaweed beds that have been damaged by seaweed erosion, Patent Document 1 describes a hydrated solidified material for submersion in water for use as a seaweed growth base, which uses steelmaking slag, blast furnace slag, and nitrogen-containing compost raw materials as raw materials and supplies iron ions. However, the hydrated solidified material described in Patent Document 1 does not contain ferric ions (Fe 3+ ), and ferrous ions (Fe 2+ ), its effects did not last long and it was not capable of regenerating algae beds that had been damaged by barren rocks over the long term. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 5665254 [Non-patent literature]

[0009] [Non-Patent Document 1] Living with the Oyster Forest by Shigeatsu Hatakeyama, Chuokoron-Shinsha, Release date: May 21, 2019 [Non-Patent Document 2] Mechanism of Fe(II) formation from organic iron via superoxide in coastal waters - Kinetic model of Fe(II) formation constructed using iron citrate complex, Manabu Fujii et al., Journal of Water Environment Society 31(No2) P101-108, 2008 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0010] The present invention is based on the concept of extracting ferrous ions (Fe 2+ The present invention aims to provide a regenerating liquid for regenerating a seaweed bed that has been damaged by the cessation of the inflow of citric acid and the occurrence of a "negative proliferation cycle" due to the occurrence of seaweed denudation. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for regenerating seaweed beds that have been damaged by barren seaweed using the regeneration liquid. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] The regeneration solution for seaweed beds damaged by seaweed denudation of the present invention is a culture solution obtained by cultivating a group of 10 species of bacteria belonging to the following 10 genera using molasses as a fermentation aid, fulvic acid, citric acid, and ferrous ions (Fe 2+ ), a pH buffer solution that maintains the liquid at a pH of 4 to 9, and water.

[0012] The 10 genera are 、 The genera are Aspergillus, Bacillus, Lactitplantibacillus, Enterococcus, Nocardia, Pseudomonas, Ralstonia, Rhizopus, Rhodococcus, and Rhodospirillum.

[0013] The present invention relates to a method for producing a regenerated liquid, comprising culturing a molasses aqueous solution having a concentration of 0.1% by mass to 5.0% by mass using a group of 10 species of bacteria belonging to the above-mentioned 10 genera, and mixing the resulting mixture with 5.0% by mass to 20.0% by mass of the culture solution, 0.0001% by mass to 0.01% by mass of fulvic acid, and 0.01% by mass to 0.5% by mass of ferrous ions (Fe 2+ ), 0.01% by mass to 0.5% by mass of citric acid, a pH buffer solution that keeps the pH of the regenerated liquid at 4 to 9, and the remainder being water.

[0014] The regenerating liquid of the present invention may further contain 0.1% to 2.5% by mass of seaweed powder.

[0015] The citric acid is an emulsifier for fruits, fruit juice, or fruit juice pomace, containing 0.01% by mass to 0.5% by mass of citric acid.

[0016] The method for regenerating a seaweed bed affected by barren rocks of the present invention comprises a first process of constructing a partitioning means that separates the coast from the open ocean, a second process of adding seawater to the regeneration liquid for a seaweed bed affected by barren rocks described in any one of claims 1 to 4 and curing the liquid for a predetermined period of time, and a third process of injecting the liquid cured in the second process into the coast side of the partitioning means, and is characterized in that the second and third processes are repeated with an interval between them. Effect of the Invention

[0017] By injecting regenerating liquid into the sea where seaweed beds have been damaged by barren rocks, the present invention has the effect of blocking the negative cycle of fulvic acid migration from the mountains to the sea, thereby reducing the amount of ferrous ions involved in the citric acid cycle, making it impossible for phytoplankton to survive, preventing seaweed from growing, preventing migratory fish that feed on seaweed from arriving, killing seabenthos such as oysters, and preventing small fish from spawning in the seaweed from approaching. It is thus possible to ensure the functioning of the citric acid cycle, which prevents nutrient-rich water from flowing in from the mountains and thus enabling the regeneration of the seaweed beds that have been damaged by barren rocks.

[0018] By restoring barren seaweed beds, plankton will proliferate, and as the seaweed grows abundantly, the number of bottom-dwelling organisms such as shrimp, crabs and shellfish will increase, which in turn attracts fish, which in turn promotes plankton proliferation. This "positive regeneration cycle" is created, and this can revitalize coastal fisheries. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram of the citric acid cycle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0020] The regeneration solution for seaweed beds that have been barren of rocky shore and the regeneration method for seaweed beds that have been barren of rocky shore are described below. The description is for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and does not limit the technical scope of the present invention. The present invention can be implemented with various modifications without departing from the technical scope of the present invention.

[0021] [Regeneration liquid for seaweed beds damaged by barren rocks] The regeneration solution for seaweed beds damaged by seaweed erosion in this invention is a culture solution of 10 species of bacteria belonging to 10 genera, cultivated using a molasses aqueous solution as a fermentation aid, and ferrous ions (Fe 2+ ), citric acid, fulvic acid, a pH adjusting liquid that keeps the pH of the regenerated liquid at 4 to 9, and optionally seaweed powder, with the remainder being water.

[0022] [Culture solution] <Bacteria species used> The present invention may include a culture solution of the following bacterial group of 10 species from 10 genera fermented using molasses as a fermentation aid. Here, the ten bacterial genera are Aspergillus, Bacillus, Lactiplantibacillus, Enterococcus, Nocardia, Pseudomonas, Ralstonia, Rhizopus, Rhodococcus, and Rhodospirillum.

[0023] The bacteria used to produce the regenerant liquid must contain all of the 10 species of bacteria belonging to the above 10 genera. By containing all of the 10 species of bacteria belonging to the 10 genera, the fermentation action between the bacteria can be increased.

[0024] <molasses> Molasses used as a fermentation aid for the culture liquid is a liquid containing sugar in a broad sense, but here it is preferably a sugar liquid obtained by removing impurities from raw sugar such as sugar cane. Molasses is a good fermentation aid, and is rapidly fermented by the above-mentioned 10 genera and 10 species of bacteria to decompose into carbon dioxide gas and water, and at the same time activates many fermentations such as amino acid fermentation. The concentration of the molasses aqueous solution is preferably 0.1% by mass to 5.0% by mass. If the concentration of the molasses aqueous solution is less than 0.1% by mass, it will not be able to exhibit sufficient effects as a fermentation aid, and even if a carbohydrate aqueous solution with a concentration exceeding 5.0% by mass is used, the effect as a fermentation aid will not be proportional to the amount added, which is economically undesirable.

[0025] <Volume of culture medium> The amount of culture solution is preferably 5.0% to 20.0% by mass, assuming the total mass of the regeneration solution to be 100% by mass. If the amount of culture solution is less than 5.0% by mass, the ability to regenerate the seaweed bed that has been barren is insufficient, and even if the amount of culture solution is added in excess of 20.0% by mass, the ability to regenerate the seaweed bed that has been barren is not proportional to the amount of culture solution added, which is not economically preferable.

[0026] [Ferrous ion] The citric acid cycle relies on ferrous ions (Fe +2 ) is an essential ion for the citric acid cycle (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 2).

[0027] Ferrous ion (Fe 2+ The content of ferrous ions (Fe 2+ The molecular weight of the ferrous ion (Fe 2+ If the amount of ferrous ion added is less than 0.01% by mass, the reaction in the citric acid cycle will not proceed smoothly, and even if the amount of ferrous ion added is more than 0.5% by mass, calculated as molecular weight, no further improvement in the reaction rate will be observed.

[0028] [Citric acid] Citric acid is a tricarboxylic acid having the structural formula shown in Chemical formula 1, and is a compound at the entrance of the citric acid cycle shown in FIG. 1. The present inventors have focused on the similarity of the physical properties of fulvic acid and citric acid. That is, both fulvic acid and citric acid are water-soluble polycarboxylic acids that have reducing properties and can produce ferrous ions (Fe 2+ ) can form a stable salt with citric acid. In addition, since citric acid is a compound at the entrance of the citric acid cycle, supplying citric acid can increase the amount of ferrous ions (Fe 2+ ) can activate the citric acid cycle.

[0029] [ka]

[0030] The content of citric acid is preferably 0.01% by mass to 0.5% by mass. If the content of citric acid is less than 0.01% by mass, the citric acid cycle cannot be activated, and if the content of citric acid is more than 0.5% by mass, the citric acid cycle is not activated any more.

[0031] [Fulvic acid] Fulvic acid is a substance that appears yellow or orange-yellow in the acidic supernatant when it is extracted with inorganic acid after humic acid has been extracted from soil or coal with dilute alkali. It is an amorphous acidic substance that is soluble in water and ethanol, and does not have a single chemical structure, nor is its composition or molecular weight fixed. Furthermore, its composition and molecular weight change depending on the raw material and collection conditions. Fulvic acid also contains ferrous ions (Fe 2+ ) and previously, ferrous ions (Fe 2+ ) was responsible for moving the

[0032] The content of fulvic acid is preferably 0.0001% by mass to 0.01% by mass. If the content of fulvic acid is less than 0.0001% by mass, the ferrous ions (Fe 2+ ) decreases, making it difficult for the citric acid cycle reaction to proceed, and adding more than 0.01 mass% of fulvic acid does not improve the reaction rate, and since fulvic acid is expensive, it is economically undesirable.

[0033] [pH adjustment solution] The regeneration liquid for seaweed beds damaged by seaweed bleaching according to the present invention is produced by further comprising a pH adjusting liquid for maintaining the pH of the regeneration liquid at 4 to 9, and the remainder being water. Here, the pH adjusting liquid may be any liquid that can be used without hindrance for the purpose of the present invention.

[0034] [Seaweed powder] The regenerating solution of the present invention is a mixture of culture solution, fulvic acid, citric acid, and ferrous ions (Fe 2+ ), a pH adjusting solution that keeps the pH of the regenerated liquid at 4 to 9, and the remaining amount of water are added to the aqueous solution, which is then cured for a predetermined period of time, and the gas is then allowed to flow into the sea. Therefore, it is preferable to add seaweed powder to the regenerated liquid to stabilize it as a suspension. The seaweed powder content can be 0.1 to 2.5% by mass. If the amount of seaweed fragments is less than 0.1% by mass, the suspension cannot be stabilized, and even if it exceeds 2.5% by mass, the stabilizing effect is not improved, which is not economically preferable.

[0035] [How to restore seaweed beds that have been damaged by barren rocks] The method of regenerating seaweed beds affected by barren rocks of the present invention is a method of normalizing the citric acid cycle by using the regeneration solution of the present invention to activate the citric acid cycle, which causes plankton to grow, and as plankton grows, seaweed will flourish, which will increase the number of bottom-dwelling organisms such as shrimp, crabs, and shellfish, and fish will migrate to eat them and spawn.

[0036] On the other hand, factors that hinder the implementation of the present invention include the loss of the inflowing regenerated liquid into the open ocean, damage to the regenerated seaweed larvae caused by fish and marine life from the open ocean being eaten, and insufficient stirring of the regenerated liquid, which results in uneven distribution depending on the location and uneven distribution over time of the inflowing regenerated liquid.

[0037] With the aim of eliminating these inhibiting factors and allowing the active ingredients in the regenerated liquid to remain at a predetermined concentration or higher for a predetermined period of time or longer, the present invention comprises a first process of constructing a partitioning means that separates the coast from the open ocean, a second process of adding seawater to the regenerated liquid from the barren seaweed bed to dilute it and allow it to cure for a predetermined period of time, and a third process of injecting the liquid that has been cured in the second process into the coastal side of the partition wall, and is characterized in that the second and third processes are repeated with an interval between them.

[0038] (First process) In the method for regenerating a seaweed bed of the present invention, it is preferable to provide a means for separating the seaweed bed from the open ocean in order to prevent the regeneration liquid that has been introduced from flowing into the open ocean and to prevent the seaweed bed from being eaten by fish or marine life that comes from the open ocean. The means for separating the seaweed bed from the open sea is not particularly limited as long as it is suitable for the purpose, but a concrete wall is preferable. It is also possible to utilize the topography of a breakwater at a fishing port or a ria coast. By separating it from the open ocean in this way, the regeneration liquid will not flow out into the open ocean, allowing the seaweed bed to be effectively regenerated.

[0039] (Second Processing) Seawater is added to the above-mentioned seaweed bed regeneration liquid and allowed to cure for a specified period of time. The period of curing is determined according to the properties of the liquid, and may be, for example, about 3 to 10 days.

[0040] (Third Processing) In the third process, the liquid cured in the second process is poured onto the coast side of the partition wall. The above second and third treatments are repeated at intervals to regenerate the seaweed bed. EXAMPLES

[0041] [Regeneration liquid] The regeneration solution for seaweed beds damaged by seaweed denudation of the present invention is a culture solution obtained by cultivating 10 species of bacteria belonging to the following 10 genera using molasses as a fermentation aid, fulvic acid, and ferrous ions (Fe 2+ ), seaweed powder, a pH adjusting solution, and water.

[0042] [Culture solution] As the 10 species of bacteria in the 10 genera of bacteria of the present invention, the following 10 species of bacteria can be used. Aspergillus species include Aspergillus braziliensis. Lus brasiliensis The genus Bacillus includes Bacillus subtilis ) The genus Lactiplantibacillus includes Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (Lactplantibacillus plantarum) Enterococcus faecalis is one of the Enterococcus genus. cus faecarisu) The Nocardia genus includes Nocardia asteroides. teroides) The genus Pseudomonas includes Pseudomonas florescens. Onas fluorescens The Ralstonia genus includes Ralstonia solanacearum. olanacearum) The genus Rhizopus includes Rhizopus oryzae. The genus Rhodococcus includes Rhodococcus opacus. acus) The genus Rhodospirillum includes Rhodospirillum ruburubu. um rubrum)

[0043] [Production Example] (Production of regenerated liquid) The 10 genera and 10 species of bacteria were each mixed at 1×10 6 cfu / cm 3 The preculture solution was then mixed in equal amounts at a concentration of 0.1 kg and cultured to produce a preculture solution. Next, the preculture solution, 10 kg of molasses, and water were added to make the total volume 1000 kg, and cultured until the total mass of all the bacteria was 0.1% by mass of the total culture solution to grow the above-mentioned bacterial group, and then 0.1 kg of fulvic acid, 10.0 kg of ferrous chloride, 5.0 kg of seaweed powder, a pH adjusting solution, and the remaining water were added to make the total volume 10 cubic meters to produce a regenerated solution.

[0044] (First process) The seaweed bed, which prevents seaweed burn, is surrounded by a concrete wall that is high enough to prevent it from being submerged below sea level even at high tide and has a seawater flow path that flows with the tides.

[0045] (Second Processing) The first and second tanks, each with a capacity of 10 cubic meters, were set up on the coast close to the barren seaweed beds, and each tank was provided with an inlet for pumping seawater and an outlet for discharging seawater. 8.0 cubic meters of seawater was pumped into the first tank through the seawater pumping port of the first tank, 2.0 cubic meters of regenerating liquid was added, and the mixture was stirred for five days to produce 10.0 cubic meters of curing liquid in the first tank.

[0046] [Third Processing] The curing solution produced in the first tank was gradually discharged from the outlet of the first tank into the seawater between the concrete wall and the coast over a period of five days. In parallel with this, 8.0 cubic meters of seawater was pumped into the second tank from the seawater pumping port of the second tank, 2.0 cubic meters of regenerating solution was added, and the mixture was stirred for five days to produce 10.0 cubic meters of curing solution in the second tank. After discharging the curing solution from the first tank, the curing solution produced in the second tank was gradually discharged from the outlet of the second tank into the seawater between the concrete wall of the seaweed bed that had been barren and the coast over a period of five days. At the same time, 8.0 cubic meters of seawater was pumped into the first tank, 2.0 cubic meters of regenerating solution was added, and the mixture was stirred for five days to prepare 10.0 cubic meters of curing solution in the first tank. The above-mentioned operation of preparing the curing solution in the first water tank and the second water tank and the operation of discharging the curing solution were repeated continuously.

[0047] [Usage effect] The distribution solution described in the above manufacturing example was released from autumn to early winter in accordance with the seaweed germination and growth period, at a location 10 to 20 cm from the seabed, on the seabed in an area of ​​rocks and boulders that is 50 cm deep even at low tide. Six months later, in early spring, seaweed larvae such as Ecklonia cava and Hijikimihiru were observed to have taken root within an area of ​​about 30 meters around the release point, and these spread further from early summer to summer, forming a seaweed bed.

[0048] Once an area has been affected by coastal barrenness, it takes many years and a great deal of money to restore it, but with the method of the present invention, seaweed larvae were observed to take root after six months, and steady growth of the seaweed bed was observed thereafter.

Claims

1. A mixture of bacteria belonging to the following 10 genera, cultured in molasses as a fermentation aid, fulvic acid, citric acid, ferrous ions, and water, with a pH of 4 to 9: The 10 genera are (1) Aspergillus (2) Bacillus (3) Lactobacillus genus (4) Enterococcus (5) Nocardia (6) Pseudomonas (7) Ralstonia (8) Rhizopus (9) Rhodococcus (10) Rhodospirillum A regeneration solution for seaweed beds that have been damaged by coastal barrenness, characterized by:

2. A culture solution of 5.0 to 20.0% by mass obtained by culturing a molasses aqueous solution having a concentration of 0.1 to 5.0% by mass using a group of 10 species of bacteria belonging to the 10 genera, based on a total mass of 100% by mass, 0.0001 to 0.01% by mass of fulvic acid, and 0.01 to 0.5% by mass of ferrous ions (Fe ２＋ 2. The regeneration solution for seaweed beds affected by seaweed bleaching according to claim 1, characterized in that it is a mixed solution containing: 0.01% by mass to 0.5% by mass of citric acid; a pH adjusting solution that maintains the liquid at a pH of 4 to 9; and the remainder being water.

3. The regeneration solution for seaweed beds affected by seaweed bleaching according to claim 2, further comprising 0.1% by mass to 2.5% by mass of seaweed powder.

4. The regeneration solution for seaweed beds affected by coastal barrenness according to claim 2, characterized in that the citric acid is fruit, fruit juice, or fruit juice pomace containing 0.1 to 1.0 parts by mass of citric acid.

5. A first process of constructing a partition means for separating the coast from the open sea; A second treatment in which seawater is added to the regeneration solution for the seaweed bed according to claim 1 or 2 and the solution is allowed to cure for a predetermined period of time; and a third process of injecting a regenerated liquid containing seawater cured in the second process into the coastal side of the partition wall, A method for regenerating a seaweed bed that has been damaged by barren rocks, comprising repeating the second and third treatments at intervals.

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