MANIFOLD SUCTION BEARING LUBRICATION / COOLING LINE APPLICATION IN LIQUID FUEL ROCKET ENGINES

Abstract

The invention relates to a manifold-suction radial impeller-assisted bearing lubrication / cooling line application that provides solutions to problems such as sealing requirements, axial load control challenges, and manufacturing complexities, enabling the lubrication and cooling of bearings through a single line at low pressure.

Description

1 TARIFF MANIFOLD SUCTION BEARING IN LIQUID FUEL ROCKET ENGINES LUBRICATION / COOLING LINE APPLICATION The technical field to which the invention relates: The invention addresses 5 issues such as the need for sealing, axial load control challenges, and manufacturing complexities. offering solutions to problems, operating at low pressure and with bearings in a single line. Manifold-suction radial impeller supported bearing that provides lubrication and cooling. It relates to lubrication / cooling line applications. State of the art: Liquid-fueled rocket engines, used in space, aviation, and military ammunition systems, 10 because of advantages such as high specific thrust and firing control suitable for the duty profile It is among the advanced propulsion solutions. These engine systems are safe and... continuous operation, turbopump structures capable of withstanding high temperatures and high speeds. This depends on the bearings in turbopumps performing their function reliably. The basic 15 that supports the rotational movement of the rotor-shaft system and carries the dynamic loads. These elements are designed to withstand both thermal and mechanical stresses. must be protected. In this context, bearing lubrication and cooling systems, and engine integrity. This is of critical importance. In current technology, liquid supply to turbopump bearings of liquid-fueled rocket engines. It is generally supplied through two main sources. The first of these is the 20 of the pump impeller. This is followed by leakage (behind-the-thread leakage) that occurs due to the natural dynamics of the system, This leakage flow is passively channeled into the bearings and thus utilized. The other one... a special fluid taken from the relevant subsystem of the engine actively penetrates the bearings. It is the transfer of energy. Behind-the-wheel leakage is the transfer of energy that is already present in the system. It is a preferred method in terms of efficiency because it allows for evaluation. Every 25 The main objective in using both types of flow is to provide a sufficient amount of fluid to the bearing surfaces. The goal is to reduce friction and ensure thermal stability by conveying the fluid. Two common methods are used for the transmission of these fluids to bearings: piping. and transport through the trunk. In pipe transport method, external lines and connections. 2 Through these elements, the fluid is directed directly to the bearing areas. This method, Although it provides flexibility in design, it also increases the structural complexity and overall complexity of the system. It carries the risk of increasing its weight. On the other hand, in the method of transporting liquid through the fuselage, via special channels integrated into the turbopump housing, to the target bearings. is guided. This approach offers the advantage of compactness and weight, while also considering design and 5 more precise engineering calculations and detailed flow analyses in the production process requires. For the system to function reliably, not only flow routing but also The properties of the fluid and its transport conditions are also important. The fluid reaching the bearings... The temperature is continuously monitored and, if necessary, reduced using heat exchangers to reduce the temperature in the bearings. Thermal expansion and overheating risks are limited. Similarly, the system the pressure will also create a sufficiently thick oil film on the bearing surface It is adjusted, which both reduces wear and extends bearing life. The process is being extended. The control of these parameters is particularly relevant to issues encountered in military munitions. Under sudden load changes, vibration and high environmental stress conditions, the system remains stable for 15 seconds. It enables it to function. Lubrication and cooling for turbopump bearings of liquid-fueled rocket engines. systems are a critical engineering field in military ordnance and aviation applications. This presents itself as a problem. Flow source selection, conveying method, temperature Optimizing numerous sub-parameters such as pressure control makes the system 20 This increases safety and ensures the continuity of engine performance. In this context, the systematic design of bearing flow lines includes both reusable motors. on mission performance in both platforms and single-shot ammunition systems It has a direct effect. Various recommendations for bearing lubrication / cooling lines in the known state of the art and 25 Although applications have been developed, these improvements are insufficient. For this purpose... Some of the applications related to the developed inventions are given below. Subject to application no. “CN117722387A”, which is in the known state of the art. The invention relates to a rotor support structure using gas hydrogen-cooled bearings. and, for hydrogen-oxygen expansion cycle engines, high performance and high 30 It was developed to meet the requirements for reliable oxygen turbopumps. 3 Gas is used to support the pump and turbine components mounted on the main shaft. Actively cooled by hydrogen flow and with low friction thanks to solid lubricant coatings. It is described as containing a special bearing system that provides high durability. The application numbered “EP0494008B1” is subject to the known state of the art. The invention relates to a turbopump with an integrated axial flow feeding system, 5 high-pressure fluid through short channels inside the main shaft It describes an integrated lubrication and cooling system that operates through controlled flow. Lubrication and cooling system; high-speed bearings on the main shaft and secondary shaft, ball and roller bearings, bearing housings, recirculation channels, and It is explained that it involves fluid passageways. 10 In the current state of the art, bearing lubrication and cooling systems are included. However, the use of different fluids and separate circuits in these systems results in high pressure. complex hole structures and sealing elements required for flow-operated operation Due to structural complexity, increased axial load, and control of lubrication / cooling flow rate. There are disadvantages such as difficulty, increased number of parts, and maintenance costs. 15 In conclusion, due to the negative aspects described above and the current solutions, the subject matter... Due to its shortcomings, an improvement is needed in the relevant technical field. It has been made. The purpose of the invention: The main objective of the invention is to provide high-pressure 20 in bearing lubrication and cooling systems. Structural simplification by eliminating the use of fluid and complex hole structures. The aim is to provide this. In this way, production, assembly and maintenance processes are simplified and costs are reduced. It is falling. Another objective of the invention is to perform lubrication and cooling functions using a single fluid and a single line. By managing it through this system, the need for sealing elements is eliminated. 25 Thus, the system becomes more reliable, while the design is more compact and efficient. is happening. 4 Another objective of the invention is a cooling flow rate that can be optimized via a radial impeller. The aim is to ensure efficient cooling and lubrication of the bearings. In this way, Bearing life is increased and the overall performance of the turbopump is improved. Another aim of the invention is to directly and controllably regulate the lubrication / cooling flow. The aim is to minimize leakage flow rates while providing this. Thus, system efficiency is increased and 5 The fluid is used only in the targeted areas. Another aim of the invention is to eliminate axial load and flow control challenges. The aim is to ensure the balanced and long-lasting operation of the bearings. This allows the system to function properly. This extends the lifespan and prevents performance loss. Description of the figures: 10 FIGURE -1; Cross-section of the manifold suction bearing lubrication / cooling line, the subject of the invention. It is a drawing that gives the image. FIGURE 2; Detail of the manifold suction bearing lubrication / cooling line, the subject of the invention. It is a drawing that gives the image. FIGURE -3; The subject of the invention is a 15-inch radial impeller in a manifold suction bearing lubrication / cooling line. It is a drawing that gives the image. FIGURE 4; The subject of the invention is a radial impeller for a manifold suction bearing lubrication / cooling line. It is a drawing that shows the side view. Explanation of References in Figures: 1. Wing 20 2nd Shaft 3. Bearing 4. Disk 5. First Surface 6. Second Surface 7. Fuel-to-Fuel Sealing Zone 8. Locking Nut 9. Pipeline 10. Radial Wheel 5 11. Bearing Housing 12. Bearing Bushing Description of the invention: The invention addresses 10 issues such as the need for sealing, axial load control challenges, and manufacturing complexities. offering solutions to problems, operating at low pressure and with bearings in a single line. Manifold-suction radial impeller supported bearing that provides lubrication and cooling. It relates to lubrication / cooling line applications. The invention is a manifold suction bearing lubrication / cooling line consisting of a radial impeller (10) and a pipe. It consists of lines (9). 15 The radial wheel (10) consists of grooves made into a disk (4). These grooves are made into the disk It forms a wing shape (1) on it. It is fitted onto the shaft with a tight fit. As the radial wheel (10) rotates together with the shaft (2), the blades apply force to the fluid and The fluid pressure increases in the radial direction. The fluid with increasing pressure is shown in Figure 1. It is directed into a pipeline (9) as shown. In this way, both the radial wheel 20 (10) bearing located in front of (3) and bearing located at the outlet of the pipeline (9) It is being cooled and lubricated. Then the coolant-lubricant flow is transferred to the manifold flow. By participating, the cycle is repeated. Directing the fluid with increasing pressure into the pipeline (9) It is a radial wheel (10). The radial wheel (10) draws the fluid that is sucked at low pressure in the radial direction. It is pressurized towards the pipe and forced to pass through the pipe. In this way, 25 Flow is achieved within the pipe from a high-pressure to a low-pressure area. 6 Another function of the radial wheel (10) is to seal the fuels together in the area (7) The aim is to limit leakage flow by creating hydrodynamic resistance between the pump and the fuels. Because the sealing zone (7) is located on the same shaft (2), Some leakage into the sealing zone is inevitable. This leakage To prevent the flow from being wasted by being released into the atmosphere, leakage 5 is detected in turbopumps. Minimizing flow is a fundamental requirement. In this context, the radial wheel... (10) rear surface, namely the body of the sealing zone between the disc (4) and the fuels (7) by leaving the narrowest possible gap between them, those trying to infiltrate this area the fluid pressure is reduced, thus creating additional hydrodynamic drag. It is created. Thanks to the radial wheel (1), the amount of fuel that needs to be released into the atmosphere is reduced by 10 is significantly reduced. On the radial wheel (10) blades, depending on the direction of rotation, the first surface (5) and The second surface (6) is formed. The first surfaces (5) are formed from a certain flow of manifold. while pulling the flow towards the wheel; the second surfaces (6) pull this fluid in the radial direction It transmits the water to the pipeline (9) by pressurizing it. Flow rate control is possible at this stage. 15 Suction flow rate depends on the number of vanes, vane shape, disc diameter, vane pitch, pipe diameter, and pipe type. Elbow connections depend on the parameters. By adjusting these parameters, the desired result can be achieved. The flow rate can be provided through both bearings. Thus, a continuous flow rate is achieved in the system. Cooling and lubrication line circulation is created. These parameters are as follows: The given equation number 1 is used to calculate the relationship. 20 Δp = 𝐾 m. (1) Here, Δp represents the pressure difference inside the pipe, I represents friction losses, and m represents the flow. It represents the flow rate. The radial impeller represents the pressure difference from the inlet to the outlet of the pipe. It provides flow by pressurizing it at the pipe inlet. This value is the power of the radial impeller. (Since it is related to ~number of blades, blade shape, disc diameter, blade diameter, disc slope) 25 It is constant. Therefore, the factor determining the flow rate is friction losses. Friction losses This also depends on the pipe diameter and pipe elbow connections. The radial wheel (10) creates a low-pressure flow in the manifold by means of rotational motion. It creates a suction effect by forming a region. This suction effect is caused by the radial wheel (10) It determines the flow rate of the absorbed fluid depending on its geometry and performance. 30 7 Controllable flow rate prevents problems such as inadequate cooling and lubrication. It enables passage. Thanks to the radial wheel (10) that draws from the manifold flow included in the invention, the necessary Flow is provided by a single component and there is no need for sealing elements. Structural complexity is reduced by eliminating these elements. 5 Radial wheel (10) placed before the fuel-to-fuel seal zone (7), bearings (3) provides the necessary cooling and lubrication flow, along with the centrifugal effect. This creates hydrodynamic resistance on the leakage flow that occurs towards the region and This minimizes leakage. The use of manifold-suction radial impellers reduces the need for sealing elements by 10. This eliminates the need for cooling and lubrication of both bearings with a single flow line. meeting the needs through this method and providing an advantage in terms of increasing the overall efficiency of the system. This provides protection. In addition, the risk of wear and cavitation in the system is reduced. The pipeline (9) has a special design to prevent the coolant temperature from increasing. It is an external cooling pipeline covered with insulation material. 15 Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the oxidizer pump assembly, which is a sub-assembly of the turbopump. It provides a general overview of the manifold suction bearing cooling / lubrication line. The direction of the fluid flowing through the cooling / lubrication line is indicated by arrows. Manifold suction bearing lubrication / cooling line is a working method, - The radial wheel (10) rotates together with the shaft, 20 - By rotating the wings, they create suction and secondary surfaces, allowing the fluid to flow through. application of force, - As a result of the force applied to the fluid, the fluid pressure increases in the radial direction. increase, - Directing the fluid with increasing pressure on its second surface into the pipeline (2), 25 - With the directed fluid, both in front of the radial wheel (1) and in the pipeline (2) Cooling and lubrication of the bearing at the outlet, - The cooling and lubrication flow is incorporated into the manifold flow, repeating the cycle. It includes the steps of the process. 8 Cooling and lubrication flow entering the pipeline (9) from above the radial wheel (10) It is under pressure. Due to the pressure difference, it accelerates inside the pipe. With the speed it possesses... Cooling and lubrication flow continues towards the lock nut (8) element. It is flowing. After the flow is complete in this area, the bearing located on the right in the figure... (3) completes its flow over the bearing housing (11) element and the bearing bushing 5 (12) By following the gap (flow path) between the elements, back to the manifold It participates. Thus, the cooling and lubrication flow is incorporated into the manifold flow. The process step of repeating the cycle occurs in this way. High-pressure fluids and complex materials are used in bearing lubrication and cooling systems. Structural simplification thanks to the design that eliminates the need for perforated structures. 10 This ensures that production, assembly and maintenance processes are facilitated and It contributes to reducing costs. Lubrication and cooling functions in a single unit. With its management through a single fluid and a single line, it provides sealing elements. The need for this is eliminated; this increases system reliability and is more... It allows for a compact, efficient design. Through the radial wheel (10) 15 Efficient cooling of bearings thanks to optimized cooling flow rate. and lubrication is provided, which extends the bearing life of the turbopump. It enables improved performance. Lubrication and cooling flow. By directing the water in a direct and controlled manner, leakage flows are minimized. This ensures that the fluid is used only in the targeted areas, and the system is 20 Efficiency is being increased. Furthermore, axial loads and flow control challenges are being addressed. By eliminating this problem, the bearings are ensured to operate in a balanced and long-lasting manner; this This also extends the lifespan of the system and prevents performance losses. The radial wheel (10) mounted next to the bearing which will not carry the axial load, rotates By creating a low-pressure volume, it produces a suction effect within the manifold flow. This effect is created by the flow being drawn in, depending on the performance of the radial impeller. It determines the flow rate. The effective parameters here are the number of blades, the blade hub / tip diameter, The blade thickness and rotational speed are important factors. The fluid being drawn in moves radially over the impeller. pressurized via positioned vanes and transferred to an external pipeline. It is directed. The fluid entering the turbopump volume from the pipeline has an axial 30°. The load is re-integrated into the main flow via the bearing carrying the load. In this way, a single 9 by using the component, both bearings on the shaft are lubricated with the same flow, and It cools. Depending on the direction of rotation of the wheel, the first surface (5) and the second surface (6) absorb and The pressing surfaces change. If the wheel rotates counterclockwise... The first surface is the (5) absorption surface and the second surface is the (6) compression surface. 5 If the wheel rotates clockwise, the first surface (5) becomes the pressing surface, the second the surface is (6) the absorption surface. Wing form (1), cavitation, performance and flow separation of radial wheel blades. This refers to the specific shape given to the design in order to improve its hydrodynamic properties, such as those mentioned above. The shaft (2) is fitted over the oxidizer pump components of the turbopump. and is the main element that provides rotational movement. The bearing (3) provides the bearing of the system. These are the mechanical elements that provide radial wheel rear surface (disk) (4), radial wheel It is a disk structure whose wing-like form is created as a result of the relevant processing steps. The first surface (5) is low so that the flow from the manifold can be drawn in with the required flow rate. The radial impeller blade surface is the surface that creates pressure. The second surface (6) increases the pressure of the ingested flow by 15 It is the radial impeller blade surface that serves to increase fuel sealing. region (7), mixing of combustible and oxidizing fluids belonging to the turbopump a component that prevents leaks, contains complex sealing structures, and is supplied with inert gas. It is a complex. The lock nut (8) is fitted onto the shaft of the oxidizer pump, containing all the elements. After assembly is complete, the rotor elements must be fixed in the axial direction. 20 It is a connecting element that provides the conveyance of cooling and lubrication flow through the pipeline (9). It is the conveying line that enables the transfer to the other bearing. The radial wheel (10) from the manifold It is the rotor component that absorbs and pressurizes the cooling and lubrication flow. The bearing housing (11) carries and transmits the mechanical loads from the bearing component. It is the housing structure. The bearing bushing (12) is used to mount the bearing component onto the shaft and to axially 25° It is a fastening element used to precisely determine its position.

Claims

REQUESTS 1. It is a manifold suction bearing lubrication / cooling line, and its characteristics are; - the forms of radial wheel blades resulting from the relevant machining processes formed, the rear surface of the radial wheel, fuel seal Disk (4) limiting leakage in the region (7), 5 - A disc located before the fuel-to-fuel seal zone (7) consisting of openings, i.e. wings (1), mounted by a tight fit to the shaft It draws in cooling and lubrication flow from the manifold and distributes this flow The rotor component that pressurizes, rotates together with the shaft, and generates rotational motion. By creating the first surface (5) and the second surface (6), the flow inside the manifold is 10 a single flow pipeline (9) and single a disc and vane that provides cooling and lubrication flow with a fluid. performance adjustable depending on geometry, wear and cavitation blocking radial wheel (10), - Cooling and lubricating fluid is delivered to the bearings. and insulation to prevent the temperature of the lubricating fluid from increasing. Pipeline (9) which is an external cooling pipeline covered with material. It includes.

2. According to Claim 1, it is a manifold suction bearing lubrication / cooling line, and its characteristics are as follows: The fluid, which is drawn in at low pressure, is directed radially into the pipe at a pressure of 20°. radial wheel (10) that forces the pipe to pass through by pressurizing it It includes.

3. According to Claim 1, it is a manifold suction bearing lubrication / cooling line, and its characteristics are as follows: leakage by creating hydrodynamic resistance in the fuel seal zone (7) It contains a radial wheel (10) that restricts the flow. 25 4. According to Claim 1, it is a manifold suction bearing lubrication / cooling line, and its characteristics are as follows: The first one formed on the blades (1) of the radial wheel depending on the direction of rotation It includes the first surface (5) and the second surface (6).

5. According to claim 4, it is a manifold suction bearing lubrication / cooling line, and its characteristics are as follows: If the radial wheel rotates counterclockwise; 30 11 - The low pressure required to draw the necessary flow rate from the manifold flow. The primary surface, which is formed by the radial wheel blade surface and the intake surface, is formed. (5), - After the required flow rate is drawn from the manifold flow, its pressure is... The second 5, which is the radial impeller blade surface and the pressure surface required for increasing it. It includes the surface (6).

6. According to claim 4, it is a manifold suction bearing lubrication / cooling line, and its characteristics are as follows: If the radial wheel rotates clockwise; - The low pressure required to draw the necessary flow rate from the manifold flow. the radial wheel blade surface and the second surface which is the intake surface (6), 10 - After the required flow rate is drawn from the manifold flow, its pressure is... The first one, which has the necessary radial wheel blade surface and pressure surface for increasing It includes the surface (5).

7. According to Claim 1, it is a manifold suction bearing lubrication / cooling line, and its characteristics are as follows: 15 radial impeller blades, cavitation, performance, flow separation, etc. It includes a wing (1) which improves its hydrodynamic properties.

8. Manifold suction bearing lubrication / cooling line operating method, its characteristic is; - The radial wheel rotates together with the shaft, - By rotating the wings, they create suction and secondary surfaces, allowing the fluid to flow through. application of force, 20 - The radial increase in fluid pressure as a result of the force applied to the fluid. increase in that direction - Directing the fluid with increasing pressure on its second surface into the pipeline (2), - The directed fluid is directed both in front of the radial wheel (1) and in the pipeline (2) Cooling and lubrication of the bearing at the outlet, 25 - The cooling and lubrication flow is incorporated into the manifold flow, thus repeating the cycle. It involves the steps involved in the process.

Images