Trailing suction hopper dredger mud hopper energy dissipation box having outflow port adjusting systems, and construction process thereof

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are a trailing suction hopper dredger mud hopper energy dissipation box having outflow port adjusting systems, and a construction process thereof. The energy dissipation box comprises a pipeline system and outflow port adjusting systems, wherein the pipeline system comprises a main pipe and a transverse pipe vertically and fixedly connected to the main pipe; the left and right sides of the transverse pipe are sealed, and a plurality of outflow pipelines are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the transverse pipe; outlets of front outflow pipelines are forward outflow ports, and outlets of rear outflow pipelines are backward outflow ports; an outflow port adjusting system is provided corresponding to a position directly above each of the forward outflow ports or the backward outflow ports of the outflow pipelines to control the opening and closing of the forward outflow ports and the backward outflow ports, and each outflow port adjusting system operates independently. The energy dissipation box has a simple structure and is convenient to operate, and the outflow mode of the energy dissipation box can be adjusted according to soil conditions in a construction process, thereby improving the construction efficiency of a trailing suction hopper dredger under different working conditions.

Description

Mud tank energy dissipation box of trailing suction dredger with outflow regulating system and its construction technology Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of dredging engineering, and relates to a mud tank energy dissipation box of a trailing suction dredger with an outflow regulating system and a construction process thereof. Background Art

[0002] As shown in Figure 1, after a trailing suction hopper dredger uses a drag head 31 to dredge and break up the underwater bottom mud, it draws in the mud mixture through the drag arm 32 and mud pump 33, then transports it to the energy dissipation tank through a pipeline 34, and enters the mud chamber 36 through the opening 35 of the energy dissipation tank. The mud entering the mud chamber 36 is deposited through a loading-overflow construction process, and the excess mud and sand mixture overflows the mud chamber through the overflow tube 37, with the energy dissipation tank opening 35 facing the overflow tube 37. In order to improve the loading efficiency of a trailing suction hopper dredger, researchers at home and abroad have conducted extensive research on the structure and construction process of the mud chamber. Among them, the structural form of the mud chamber energy dissipation tank, as an important factor affecting the loading-overflow of a trailing suction hopper dredger, has become a research hotspot for trailing suction hopper dredgers.

[0003] As shown in Figures 1-3, the energy dissipation tank on an existing trailing suction hopper dredger typically adopts a double transverse pipe 12 structure, which is fixedly connected vertically to the main pipe 11, and has a forward outlet 14 on the front side of the double transverse pipe 12, that is, the forward outlet 14 directly faces the overflow tube 37. When using the existing energy dissipation tank during the construction of a trailing suction hopper dredger, when coarse-grained soil is encountered, the loading efficiency is high because the coarse-grained soil is more likely to settle. However, at the same time, the sediment is easily deposited in the mud tank area downstream of the inlet energy dissipation tank outlet, while the sediment deposition in the mud tank area upstream of the inlet energy dissipation tank is relatively small, resulting in uneven sediment deposition in the mud tank, affecting the balance of the trailing suction hopper dredger. When encountering fine-grained soil, the fine-grained silt and sand are easily discharged directly from the overflow port due to their poor settling properties and low starting flow rate, resulting in extremely low loading efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to provide a mud tank energy dissipation box of a trailing suction dredger with an outflow regulating system and a construction process thereof.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a mud tank energy dissipation box of a trailing suction dredger with an outflow regulating system and a construction process thereof.

[0007] The technical solutions adopted in the present invention are as follows:

[0008] A mud tank energy dissipation box of a trailing suction hopper dredger with an outlet regulating system, the energy dissipation box comprising a pipeline system and an outlet regulating system, wherein:

[0009] The pipeline system includes a main pipe, a transverse pipe vertically fixedly connected to the main pipe, the left and right ends of the transverse pipe are sealed, and the front and rear sides thereof are symmetrically fixedly connected to a plurality of outflow pipes; the outlet of the front outflow pipe is a forward outlet, and the outlet of the rear outflow pipe is a reverse outlet;

[0010] The outlet adjustment system includes a hydraulic cylinder, a piston rod that moves up and down, a gate plate, and a sealing cover; the upper and lower ends of the piston rod are fixedly connected to the upper ends of the hydraulic cylinder and the gate plate, respectively, and the sealing cover seals the hydraulic cylinder, piston rod, and gate plate inside; there is an outlet adjustment system corresponding to the top of the forward outlet or reverse outlet of the outlet pipeline, and each outlet adjustment system operates independently, and the upper side wall of the outlet pipeline is provided with an opening adapted to the gate plate;

[0011] The energy dissipation box also includes a control system, which includes a soil analysis module, an in-cabin sediment deposition detection module and a hydraulic cylinder lifting module; wherein the soil analysis module is used to analyze the sediment particle size at the construction site, the in-cabin sediment deposition detection module is used to analyze the uniformity of sediment deposition distribution in the mud cabin during construction, and the hydraulic cylinder lifting module is used to control the hydraulic cylinder of the outlet adjustment system, thereby controlling the lifting and lowering of the gate plate to adjust the outflow mode of the energy dissipation box.

[0012] Furthermore, a grid is provided on the outside of the outlet of the outflow pipe to further dissipate energy and filter out larger stones.

[0013] Furthermore, a fixed slot is provided on the lower side wall of the outflow pipe just below the opening, and when the gate plate descends, the fixed slot is inserted to prevent the gate plate from being opened when the sediment flow rate is too fast.

[0014] Furthermore, a reinforcing rib is provided on the outer side of the lower side wall of the outflow pipeline to enhance the strength and rigidity of the outflow pipeline.

[0015] A construction process for a mud tank energy dissipation box of a trailing suction hopper dredger with an outlet adjustment system, wherein the gate plate above the forward outlet is the front gate plate, and the gate plate above the reverse outlet is the rear gate plate. The specific construction process is as follows:

[0016] (1) First, analyze the sediment particle size at the construction site using the soil analysis module;

[0017] (2) When the sediment particle size D 50 When the pressure is less than 80μm, the hydraulic cylinder lifting module controls the hydraulic cylinder to control the rear gate to rise, the reverse outlet to open, and the front gate to descend, the forward outlet to close, and the sediment in the horizontal pipe flows out from the reverse outlet until the construction is completed;

[0018] (3) When the sediment particle size D 50When the particle size is ≥80μm, the hydraulic cylinder lifting module controls the hydraulic cylinder to control the front gate to rise, the forward outlet to open, and the rear gate to descend, the reverse outlet to close, and the sediment in the horizontal pipe flows out from the forward outlet until the construction is completed.

[0019] Furthermore, when the sediment particle size D 50 When the particle size is ≥80μm, at the initial stage of loading, the forward outlet is opened and the reverse outlet is closed, and the sediment in the transverse tube flows out from the forward outlet;

[0020] When loading reaches a certain stage, the uniformity of the sediment deposition distribution in the mud tank is detected and analyzed through the sediment deposition detection module in the tank. According to the detection and analysis results, the hydraulic cylinder is controlled by the hydraulic cylinder lifting module, and then the rear gate is controlled to rise partially or completely, and the reverse outlet is partially or completely opened. After a period of loading, the uniform distribution of sediment deposition in the mud tank is achieved until the construction is completed.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] The mud chamber energy dissipation box of the trailing suction hopper dredger with the outflow regulating system of the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate. During the construction process, the outflow mode of the energy dissipation box can be adjusted according to the soil conditions, thereby improving the construction efficiency of the trailing suction hopper dredger under different working conditions; the opening and closing of each outflow pipeline outlet can also be reasonably adjusted according to the sediment deposition distribution in the mud chamber to ensure the uniformity of sediment deposition in the mud chamber. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] FIG1 is a right side view of an existing trailing suction hopper dredger.

[0024] FIG2 is a front view of an existing mud tank energy dissipation box.

[0025] FIG3 is a top view of an existing mud tank energy dissipation box.

[0026] FIG4 is a top view of the mud tank energy dissipation box of the trailing suction hopper dredger with the outlet regulating system of the present invention.

[0027] FIG5 is an enlarged view of point A in FIG4 .

[0028] FIG6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the BB direction in FIG4 (the forward outlet is closed and the reverse outlet is open).

[0029] FIG7 is a front view of the mud tank energy dissipation box of the trailing suction hopper dredger with the outlet adjustment system according to the present invention (with the forward outlet closed).

[0030] FIG8 is a rear view of the mud tank energy dissipation box of the trailing suction hopper dredger with the outlet adjustment system of the present invention (with the reverse outlet open).

[0031] FIG9 is a flow chart showing a method for using the mud tank energy dissipation box of a trailing suction hopper dredger with an outlet regulating system according to the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 11-main pipe; 12-transverse pipe; 13-outlet pipe; 14-forward outlet; 15-reverse outlet; 16-grid; 17-fixing slot; 18-reinforcement rib;

[0033] 21-Hydraulic cylinder; 22-Piston rod; 23-Gate; 24-Sealing cover;

[0034] 31-rake head; 32-rake arm; 33-mud pump; 34-pipeline; 35-energy dissipation tank opening; 36-mud chamber; 37-overflow tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solutions of the present invention are described clearly and completely below with reference to specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are considered to fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] As shown in FIG4 and FIG5, the present invention provides a trailing suction hopper dredger mud tank energy dissipation box with an outlet adjustment system, wherein the energy dissipation box includes a piping system and an outlet adjustment system, wherein:

[0038] The piping system includes a main pipe 11, a transverse pipe 12 vertically fixedly connected to the main pipe 11, the left and right ends of the transverse pipe 12 are sealed, and a plurality of outflow pipes 13 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the front and rear sides thereof; the outlet of the front outflow pipe 13 is a forward outlet 14, and the outlet of the rear outflow pipe 13 is a reverse outlet 15;

[0039] As shown in Figure 6, the outlet adjustment system includes a hydraulic cylinder 21, a piston rod 22 that moves up and down, a gate plate 23 and a sealing cover 24; the upper and lower ends of the piston rod 22 are fixedly connected to the upper ends of the hydraulic cylinder 21 and the gate plate 23 respectively, and the sealing cover 24 seals the hydraulic cylinder 21, the piston rod 22 and the gate plate 23 inside to prevent external mud and sand from affecting the movement of the piston rod 22 and the hydraulic cylinder 21 during construction.

[0040] As shown in Figure 4, there is an outlet regulating system corresponding to the top of the forward outlet 14 or the reverse outlet 15 of each outlet pipeline 13, and each outlet regulating system can operate independently. As shown in Figure 6, the upper side wall of the outlet pipeline 13 is provided with an opening adapted to the gate plate 23.

[0041] During the construction process, the piston rod 22 is raised and lowered by adjusting the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 21, and the piston rod 22 controls the raising and lowering of the gate plate 23, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the forward outlet 14 and the reverse outlet 15. As shown in Figures 6-8, when the forward outlet 14 is closed, the gate plate 23 in the outlet regulating system above the forward outlet 14 passes downward through the opening in the upper side wall of the outlet pipeline 13 and completely blocks the forward outlet 14; when the reverse outlet 15 is opened, the gate plate 23 in the outlet regulating system directly above the reverse outlet 15 rises, leaves the outlet pipeline 13, and returns to the sealing cover 24.

[0042] Furthermore, the energy dissipation box also includes a control system, which includes a soil analysis module, an in-cabin sediment deposition detection module and a hydraulic cylinder lifting module. The soil analysis module is used to analyze the sediment particle size at the construction site, and the in-cabin sediment deposition detection module is used to analyze the uniformity of sediment deposition distribution in the mud cabin during construction. The hydraulic cylinder lifting module is used to control the hydraulic cylinder 21 of the outlet adjustment system, and then control the lifting and lowering of the gate plate 23 to adjust the outflow mode of the energy dissipation box.

[0043] Furthermore, as shown in FIG5 , a grid 16 is provided on the outer side of the outlet of the outflow pipe 13 to further dissipate energy and filter out larger stones, thereby accelerating sediment settling and reducing wear on the mud chamber.

[0044] Furthermore, as shown in FIG6 , a fixed slot 17 is provided on the lower side wall of the outlet pipe 13 directly below the opening. When the gate plate 23 descends, the gate plate 23 passes downward through the opening on the upper side wall of the outlet pipe 13 and is inserted into the fixed slot 17 on the lower side wall of the outlet pipe 13 to prevent the gate plate 23 from being opened when the sediment flow rate is too fast.

[0045] Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , a reinforcing rib 18 is provided on the outer side of the lower side wall of the outflow pipe 13 to enhance the strength and rigidity of the outflow pipe 13 .

[0046] When encountering fine-grained soil, the mud tank energy dissipation box of the trailing suction hopper dredger with the outlet regulating system of the present invention opens the reverse outlet 15 and closes the forward outlet 14. The reverse outlet 15 is far away from the overflow pipe in the mud tank, which prolongs the movement time of the fine-grained soil in the mud tank, accelerates the sedimentation of the silt, and improves the loading efficiency.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] The mud tank of a typical trailing suction hopper dredger was selected to establish a three-dimensional numerical calculation domain model of the prototype mud tank (forward outflow), and the numerical calculation method was used to simulate the mud tank loading and overflowing process of the trailing suction hopper dredger.

[0049] During the numerical calculation, the Euler multiphase flow model is used to simulate the loading-overflow multiphase flow field of the mud tank. The mud tank inlet main pipeline is set as the inlet, and the inlet flow rate Q and sediment concentration C are given. vi , sediment particle size D 50 The outlet is set to free outflow, and the volume of sediment in the mud tank V is calculated in the numerical calculation. m Real-time monitoring is carried out. Among them, the sediment particle size D 50 ≥80μm is coarse-grained soil, D 50 <80μm is fine-grained soil.

[0050] In order to compare the effects of parameter or structural changes on the loading effect, the parameter sensitivity factor γ is defined as follows:

[0051] Where V mp V is the volume of sediment in the prototype mud tank (forward outflow) under the condition that the sediment particle size entering the tank is 50 μm, mn It is the volume of sediment in the mud tank under other calculation conditions.

[0052] 2.1. Impact of sediment particle size changes on loading performance

[0053] When all outflows are positive and other conditions are the same, the sediment particle size D is selected. 50 Numerical calculations are carried out for the working conditions of 50μm, 80μm and 115μm respectively. When the loading time reaches t=4000s, the volume of sediment V in the mud tank under the three working conditions is calculated. m Statistics show that the volume of sediment in the cabin is V m 1850m respectively 3 、2123m 3 and 2580m 3 .

[0054] According to the definition of parameter sensitivity factor γ, the parameter sensitivity factors under the two working conditions of sediment particle size of 80μm and 115μm are 14.76 and 39.46, respectively. That is, the sediment volume in the mud chamber increases by 14.76% and 39.46% under the two working conditions of sediment particle size of 80μm and 115μm compared with the sediment particle size of 50μm.

[0055] Calculation results indicate that the particle size of sediment significantly influences loading efficiency during the loading process of a trailing suction hopper dredger. The larger the particle size, the easier it is to settle in the silt compartment, resulting in higher loading efficiency. Conversely, fine-grained silt and sand, with their smaller particle size, tend to remain suspended in the silt compartment and are difficult to settle. This makes them more likely to overflow from a silt compartment with positive outflow, resulting in lower loading efficiency.

[0056] 2.2 Impact of outflow pattern changes on loading performance

[0057] Given the difficulty in settling, the tendency to suspend, and the low loading efficiency of fine-grained silt and sand with a particle size of less than 80 μm, a numerical study was conducted on the structural form of the mud tank's inlet energy dissipation box. Based on the mud tank energy dissipation box of a trailing suction hopper dredger with an outflow regulation system in Example 1, a three-dimensional model of the mud tank's numerical calculation domain with a reverse outflow energy dissipation box was established. Numerical simulations of the flow field were performed on the model, and a comparative analysis was conducted with the prototype mud tank (an energy dissipation box structure with forward outflow).

[0058] In the sediment particle size D 50 The particle size of the sediment is 50 μm (50 μm is the most common particle size of fine-grained soil). When other conditions are the same, numerical calculations are carried out for the two working conditions of forward outflow and reverse outflow of the energy dissipation tank. When the loading time reaches t = 4000s, the sediment volume V in the mud tank under the two working conditions is calculated. m Statistics show that the volume of sediment in the cabin is V m 1850m respectively 3 (forward outflow) and 2015m 3 (Reverse outflow).

[0059] According to the definition of parameter sensitivity factor γ, the parameter sensitivity factor γ under the reverse outflow energy dissipation box structure is 8.92. That is, when loading fine silt with a particle size of 50 μm, the reverse outflow energy dissipation box structure increases the volume of sediment in the cabin by 8.92% compared to the forward outflow energy dissipation box structure. This shows that the reverse outflow energy dissipation box structure of the present invention can significantly improve the loading efficiency of fine silt and sand.

[0060] Example 3

[0061] The trailing suction hopper dredger mud tank energy dissipation box with an outflow regulating system of Example 1 is used, and based on the numerical calculation process of Example 2, the critical sediment particle size for regulating the outflow mode of the energy dissipation box is determined to be 80 μm. The gate plate 23 above the forward outlet 14 is the front gate plate, and the gate plate 23 above the reverse outlet 15 is the rear gate plate, as shown in Figure 9. The specific construction process is as follows:

[0062] (1) First, analyze the sediment particle size at the construction site using the soil analysis module;

[0063] (2) When the sediment particle size D 50When the pressure is less than 80 μm, the hydraulic cylinder lifting module controls the hydraulic cylinder 21 of the outlet regulating system above the reverse outlet 15 to control the rear gate to rise and open the reverse outlet 15; at the same time, it controls the hydraulic cylinder 21 of the outlet regulating system above the forward outlet 14 to control the front gate to descend and close the forward outlet 14. The sediment in the transverse pipe 12 flows out from the reverse outlet 15 until the construction is completed, thereby improving the loading efficiency of fine-grained silt and sand.

[0064] (3) When the sediment particle size D 50 When the pressure is ≥80μm, at the initial stage of loading, the hydraulic cylinder lifting module controls the hydraulic cylinder 21 of the outlet regulating system above the forward outlet 14 to control the front gate to rise, and the forward outlet 14 is opened; at the same time, the hydraulic cylinder 21 of the outlet regulating system above the reverse outlet 15 is controlled to control the rear gate to descend, and the reverse outlet 15 is closed, and the sediment in the transverse pipe 12 flows out from the forward outlet 14;

[0065] When loading reaches a certain stage, the uniformity of the sediment deposition distribution in the mud tank is detected and analyzed through the sediment deposition detection module in the tank, and according to the detection and analysis results, the hydraulic cylinder 21 of the outlet adjustment system on the reverse outlet 15 is controlled by the hydraulic cylinder lifting module to control the partial or complete rise of the rear gate plate and the partial or complete opening of the reverse outlet 15. After a period of loading, the uniform distribution of sediment deposition in the mud tank is achieved until the construction is completed.

[0066] The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mud tank energy dissipation box of a trailing suction dredger with an outlet adjustment system, characterized in that: The energy dissipation tank includes a pipeline system and an outlet adjustment system, wherein: The pipeline system includes a main pipe, a transverse pipe vertically fixedly connected to the main pipe, the left and right ends of the transverse pipe are sealed, and the front and rear sides thereof are symmetrically fixedly connected to a plurality of outflow pipes; the outlet of the front outflow pipe is a forward outlet, and the outlet of the rear outflow pipe is a reverse outlet; The outlet regulating system includes a hydraulic cylinder, a piston rod that moves up and down, a gate plate and a sealing cover; the upper and lower ends of the piston rod are fixedly connected to the upper ends of the hydraulic cylinder and the gate plate respectively, and the sealing cover seals the hydraulic cylinder, the piston rod and the gate plate inside; there is an outlet regulating system corresponding to the top of the forward outlet or the reverse outlet of the outlet pipeline, and each outlet regulating system operates independently, and the upper side wall of the outlet pipeline is provided with an opening adapted to the gate plate; The energy dissipation box also includes a control system, which includes a soil analysis module, an in-cabin sediment deposition detection module and a hydraulic cylinder lifting module; wherein the soil analysis module is used to analyze the sediment particle size at the construction site, the in-cabin sediment deposition detection module is used to analyze the uniformity of sediment deposition distribution in the mud cabin during the construction process, and the hydraulic cylinder lifting module is used to control the hydraulic cylinder of the outlet adjustment system, thereby controlling the lifting and lowering of the gate plate to adjust the outflow mode of the energy dissipation box.

2. The mud tank energy dissipation box of a trailing suction hopper dredger according to claim 1, characterized in that: A grid is provided on the outer side of the outlet of the outflow pipeline to further dissipate energy and filter larger stones.

3. The mud tank energy dissipation box of a trailing suction hopper dredger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower side wall of the outflow pipeline is provided with a fixed slot just below the opening. When the gate plate is lowered, it is inserted into the fixed slot to prevent the gate plate from being opened when the sediment flow rate is too fast.

4. The mud tank energy dissipation box of a trailing suction hopper dredger according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reinforcing rib is arranged on the outer side of the lower side wall of the outflow pipeline to enhance the strength and rigidity of the outflow pipeline.

5. The construction process of the mud tank energy dissipation box of a trailing suction hopper dredger with an outlet regulating system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The gate plate above the forward outlet is the front gate plate, and the gate plate above the reverse outlet is the rear gate plate. The specific construction process is as follows: (1) First, analyze the sediment particle size at the construction site through the soil analysis module; (2) When the sediment particle size D 50 <80μm, the hydraulic cylinder lifting module controls the hydraulic cylinder to control The rear gate rises, the reverse outlet opens, the front gate is controlled to descend, the forward outlet is closed, and the sediment in the transverse pipe flows out from the reverse outlet until the construction is completed; (3) When the sediment particle size D 50 When the diameter is ≥80μm, the hydraulic cylinder lifting module controls the hydraulic cylinder to control the front gate to rise, the forward outlet to open, and the rear gate to descend, the reverse outlet to close, and the sediment in the transverse pipe flows out from the forward outlet until the construction is completed.

6. The construction process of the mud tank energy dissipation box of the trailing suction hopper dredger according to claim 5 is characterized in that: When the sediment particle size D 50 When the particle size is ≥80μm, at the initial stage of loading, the forward outlet is opened, the reverse outlet is closed, and the sediment in the transverse tube flows out from the forward outlet; When loading reaches a certain stage, the uniformity of the distribution of sediment deposition in the mud tank is detected and analyzed through the sediment deposition detection module in the tank, and according to the detection and analysis results, the hydraulic cylinder is controlled by the hydraulic cylinder lifting module, thereby controlling the partial or full rise of the rear gate plate and the partial or full opening of the reverse outlet. After a period of loading, the uniform distribution of sediment deposition in the mud tank is achieved until the construction is completed.

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