Apparatus for collecting overlying water and particulate matter of cold seep, and method for using same

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of sampling in deep sea. Disclosed are an apparatus for collecting overlying water and a particulate matter of a cold seep, and a method for using same. A gear pump is started to pump overlying water and a particulate matter into a heating device, the overlying water and the particulate matter are heated and then flow into a water inlet of a switcher through a connecting guide pipe, a water outlet switching device in a default state enables the water inlet of the switcher to be communicated with the second water outlet of the switcher, and the overlying water and the particulate matter enter a sample storage container, so that in-situ collection and storage of the overlying water and the particulate matter are realized; when collection and storage are finished, a push rod motor contracts, the first water outlet of the switcher is communicated, and the overlying water and the particulate matter enter a sample filtering container, so that in-situ separation of the overlying water and the particulate matter is realized. The apparatus of the present invention is complete in function, and the collection apparatus can stably and efficiently collect the overlying water and the particulate matter of the cold seep, and can perform accurate oil bath heating, in-situ storage and in-situ separation on the overlying water and the particulate matter.

Description

A device for collecting overlying water and particulate matter from a cold spring nozzle and a method for using the same Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of deep-sea sampling technology, and in particular to a device for collecting overlying water and particulate matter from a cold spring vent and a method for using the device. Background Art

[0002] Cold seeps are cryogenic fluids that emerge from beneath the seafloor sedimentary interface and are injected into basins through gushing and seepage. They exhibit a range of physical, chemical, and biological effects, representing a typical region of extreme marine environments and a hotspot for current Earth science research. The overlying water and particles at cold seep vents contain a wealth of geophysical and chemical information. Accurate observation and compositional analysis of these overlying water and particles are crucial for studying marine material transport and water element characteristics. Currently, common overlying water and particle sampling devices are only capable of short-term sampling, resulting in small sample quantities, large sample variability, and high cost for multiple sampling. Furthermore, when applied to complex operating environments such as cold seep vents, these sampling devices are prone to failure in thermal insulation and pressure maintenance, resulting in poor sample quality. Currently, no suitable device or method exists for long-term, high-quality, and scalable spatial sequence sampling of overlying water and particles at cold seep vents. Therefore, developing a device and method for collecting overlying water and particles at cold seep vents is essential.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cold spring nozzle overlying water and particulate matter collection device and its use method to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. The overlying water and particulate matter of the cold spring nozzle can be collected stably and efficiently, and the overlying water and particulate matter can be accurately heated in an oil bath, stored in situ, and separated in situ.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a device for collecting overlying water and particulate matter from a cold spring nozzle, comprising:

[0006] A water inlet heating device, which is arranged on a fixed base plate and includes a heating elbow, a PTC heating sheet, a temperature sensor, a lower box, and a middle detachable box. The lower box is provided with connection holes on both sides for installing a water inlet adapter and a water outlet adapter, and an S-shaped heating elbow is connected between the water inlet adapter and the water outlet adapter. The PTC heating sheet is fixed to the middle detachable box, and the temperature sensor is inserted into the heating oil in the lower box through the installation hole.

[0007] Gear pump, connecting conduit No. 1 is used to connect the water outlet adapter of the heating device and the water inlet of the gear pump; and

[0008] The water outlet switching device is arranged on the fixed bottom plate and includes a motor cabin, a push rod motor, a push rod and a switch cabin, the push rod motor and the push rod are arranged in the motor cabin, the push rod and the connecting rod are connected by a connecting pin, the other end of the connecting rod extends out of the motor cabin and is fixed to the water outlet switch axis of the switch cabin by bolts; the switch cabin is provided with a switch water inlet, a switch water outlet No. 1 and a switch water outlet No. 2 in sequence; the No. 2 connecting conduit is used to connect the gear pump water outlet and the switch water inlet; and

[0009] Sample storage container, No. 3 connecting conduit is used to connect the No. 2 water outlet of the switch and the sample storage container; and

[0010] The sample filter container, the No. 4 connecting conduit is used to connect the No. 1 water outlet of the switch and the filter water inlet adapter, the sample filter container arranged on the fixed bottom plate includes the filter upper end cover, the filter membrane, the filter membrane fixing cover plate, the filter cabin, the filtered water cabin and the filter lower end cover, the filter water inlet adapter is installed on the filter upper end cover, and the filter upper end cover is installed on the filter cabin body by bolts; the filter cabin body is installed with a filter membrane fixing cover plate, the filter membrane is placed on the filter membrane fixing cover plate, and the filter lower end cover is provided with a water outlet valve; and

[0011] The controller cabin, the PTC heating plate, the temperature sensor and the STM32 controller in the controller cabin constitute a temperature closed-loop control, and the STM32 controller is used to control the extension and retraction of the push rod motor.

[0012] Preferably, the heating elbow is a brass heating elbow; the middle detachable box has four PTC heating plate mounting holes and one temperature sensor mounting hole, and the PTC heating plate is fixed to the middle detachable box through a heating plate fixer and bolts and is used to heat the lower box.

[0013] Preferably, the power line and the data line of the temperature sensor are connected to a watertight connector, and the watertight connector is screwed onto the upper end cover of the heating device through threads.

[0014] Preferably, the water outlet switching device also includes a motor compartment lower end cover, the watertight connector is screwed onto the motor compartment lower end cover by threads, the motor compartment lower end cover is fixed to the lower end of the motor compartment body by bolts, and a sealing ring is placed on the side wall of the motor compartment lower end cover.

[0015] Preferably, the push rod motor is fixed in the motor cabin through a base and bolts, and the power line and control line of the push rod motor are connected to a watertight connector.

[0016] Preferably, in the initial state, the push rod motor is in an extended state, and the axis of the water outlet switch is aligned with the switch water outlet No. 2; when the water outlet needs to be switched, the STM32 controller in the controller cabin controls the push rod motor to retract, and the axis of the water outlet switch is aligned with the switch water outlet No. 1, thereby realizing the water outlet switching function.

[0017] Preferably, a sealing ring is placed on the side wall of the upper end cover of the filter, and a sealing ring is also placed on the inner side of the lower end cover of the filter.

[0018] Preferably, the water outlet valve provided on the lower end cover of the filter is a one-way valve at the water outlet of the filter; and the lower end cover of the filter is mounted on the filter cabin by bolts.

[0019] The present invention also provides a method for using the cold spring nozzle overlying water and particle collection device, which is applied to the above-mentioned cold spring nozzle overlying water and particle collection device, comprising the following steps:

[0020] (1) Using external equipment, place the overlying water and particle collection device at the designated location of the cold spring vent;

[0021] (2) Establish communication with the STM32 in the controller cabin through the host computer and the watertight cable. The host computer issues a heating instruction to the STM32 controller. The STM32 controller, the PTC heating plate and the temperature sensor form a closed-loop control to perform oil bath heating, temperature monitoring and control on the heating elbow, and heat the overlying water and particulate matter to a specified temperature range;

[0022] (3) When the water inlet heating device reaches the specified temperature, the STM32 controller in the controller cabin starts the gear pump to pump overlying water and particulate matter into the heating device. After being heated, the overlying water and particulate matter flow into the water inlet of the switch through the connecting conduit. In the default state of the water outlet switching device, the water inlet of the switch is connected to the No. 2 water outlet of the switch. The overlying water and particulate matter enter the sample storage container through the No. 2 water outlet of the switch, thereby realizing the in-situ collection and preservation of the overlying water and particulate matter;

[0023] (4) When the in-situ collection and preservation of overlying water and particulate matter are completed, the STM32 controller in the controller cabin issues a switching command, the push rod motor contracts, and the water inlet of the switch in the outlet switching device is connected to the No. 1 outlet of the switch. The overlying water and particulate matter enter the sample filter container through the No. 1 outlet of the switch. Due to the filtering effect of the filter membrane, the particulate matter is retained at the front end of the filter membrane, and the overlying water passes through the filter membrane into the filtered water cabin and is finally discharged from the cabin through the one-way valve at the filter outlet, thereby realizing the in-situ separation function of overlying water and particulate matter.

[0024] Preferably, it includes a mounting frame with different sampling heights, an array of overlying water and particulate matter collection devices is installed on the mounting frame, and then the mounting frame is placed at a designated position of the cold spring nozzle through external equipment to perform spatial sequence sampling of overlying water and particulate matter.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following beneficial technical effects:

[0026] (1) The device of the present invention is fully functional and can be applied to complex environments such as cold spring vents. The collection device can stably and efficiently collect overlying water and particulate matter from cold spring vents, and can accurately heat the overlying water and particulate matter in an oil bath, preserve them in situ, and separate them in situ.

[0027] (2) The present invention has a high degree of integration, which allows for array installation and facilitates custom setting of the collection height. All modules are integrated on a fixed base plate. By matching support frames and collection devices with different sampling heights, overlying water and particulate matter can be collected at any height above the cold spring vent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 is a diagram showing the overall structure of the cold spring nozzle overlying water and particle collection device;

[0030] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a water inlet heating device;

[0031] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a water outlet switching device;

[0032] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a sample filtration container;

[0033] The reference numerals in the figure are: 1, water inlet heating device; 1-1, water inlet adapter; 1-2, brass heating elbow; 1-3, PTC heating plate; 1-4, heating plate holder; 1-5, temperature sensor; 1-6, watertight connector 1; 1-7, heating oil body; 1-8, water outlet adapter; 1-9, lower box; 1-10, middle detachable box; 1-11, sealing ring; 1-12, upper end cover of heating device; 2, No. 1 connecting pipe; 3, gear pump; 4, gear pump fixing clamp; 5, No. 2 connecting pipe; 6, water outlet switching device; 6-1, watertight connector 2; 6-2, lower end cover of motor compartment; 6- 3. Motor cabin; 6-4. Push rod motor; 6-5. Push rod; 6-6. Connecting pin; 6-7. Connecting rod; 6-8. Motor cabin upper cover; 6-9. Water outlet switch axis; 6-10. Switch cabin; 6-11. Switch water inlet; 6-12. Switch water outlet No. 1; 6-13. Switch water outlet No. 2; 6-14. Water outlet sealing ring; 6-15. Water outlet; 6-16. Limit baffle; 7. Connecting conduit No. 3; 8. Connecting conduit No. 4; 9. Sample storage container; 10. Sample filter container; 10-1. Filter water inlet adapter; 10-2. Filter upper cover; 10-3. Filter membrane; 10-4. Filter membrane fixing cover; 10-5. Filter cabin; 10-6. Filter water cabin; 10-7. Filter lower end cover; 10-8. Filter outlet one-way valve; 11. Controller cabin; 12. Fixed bottom plate; 13. Handle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cold spring nozzle overlying water and particulate matter collection device and its use method to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. The overlying water and particulate matter of the cold spring nozzle can be collected stably and efficiently, and the overlying water and particulate matter can be accurately heated in an oil bath, stored in situ, and separated in situ.

[0036] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the present invention provides a cold spring nozzle overlying water and particulate matter collection device and a method of using the same, including a water inlet heating device 1, a No. 1 connecting conduit 2, a gear pump 3, a gear pump fixing clamp 4, a No. 2 connecting conduit 5, a water outlet switching device 6, a No. 3 connecting conduit 7, a No. 4 connecting conduit 8, a sample storage container 9, a sample filter container 10, a controller cabin 11, a fixed base plate 12, and a handle 13.

[0038] As shown in Figure 2, the water inlet heating device 1 includes a water inlet adapter 1-1, a brass heating elbow 1-2, a PTC heating plate 1-3, a heating plate holder 1-4, a temperature sensor 1-5, a watertight connector 1-6, a heating oil body 1-7, a water outlet adapter 1-8, a lower housing 1-9, a middle detachable housing 1-10, a sealing ring 1-11, and an upper end cover 1-12 of the heating device. The lower housing 1-9 has an opening on each side for installing the water inlet adapter 1-1 and the water outlet adapter 1-8. An S-shaped brass heating elbow 1-2 is connected between the two adapters. The S-shaped brass heating elbow 1-2 helps increase the travel distance of overlying water and particulate matter in the heating device, thereby increasing the oil bath heating time and enhancing the heating effect. The middle removable housing 1-10 has four mounting holes for the PTC heaters 1-3 and one mounting hole for the temperature sensor 1-5. The PTC heaters 1-3 are secured to the middle removable housing 1-10 via heater holders 1-4 and bolts. The temperature sensor 1-5 is inserted through the mounting holes into the heating oil body 1-7 to monitor the temperature during oil bath heating. The power and data cables of the temperature sensor 1-5 are connected to a watertight connector 1-6. The watertight connector 1-6 is screwed onto the upper end cap 1-12 of the heating device. After installing adapters 1-1 and 1-8 and brass tube 1-2 in lower chamber 1-9, inject heating oil 1-7 into lower chamber 1-9. Install middle removable chamber 1-10, PTC heater 1-3, and temperature sensor 1-5. Finally, install upper end cap 1-12 of the heating unit. The installation of some components requires the use of sealing ring 1-11 to prevent leakage of heating oil 1-7. The PTC heater 1-3, temperature sensor 1-5, and STM32 controller in controller compartment 11 form a closed-loop temperature control system, ensuring the oil bath temperature remains within the specified range and accurately heating the overlying water and particulate matter.

[0039] As shown in Figure 3, the water outlet switching device 6 includes a watertight connector 6-1, a motor compartment lower end cover 6-2, a motor compartment body 6-3, a push rod motor 6-4, a push rod 6-5, a connecting pin 6-6, a connecting rod 6-7, a motor compartment upper end cover 6-8, a water outlet switch axis 6-9, a switch compartment body 6-10, a switch water inlet 6-11, a switch first water outlet 6-12, a switch second water outlet 6-13, a water outlet sealing ring 6-14, a water outlet 6-15, and a limit baffle 6-16. The watertight connector 6-1 is screwed onto the motor compartment lower end cover 6-2, which is bolted to the lower end of the motor compartment body 6-3. A sealing ring is placed on the side wall of the motor compartment lower end cover 6-2. The motor compartment 6-3 includes a push rod motor 6-4, a push rod 6-5, a connecting pin 6-6, and a portion of a connecting rod 6-7. The push rod motor 6-4 is fixed to the compartment via a base and bolts, and its power and control lines are connected to the watertight connector 6-1. The push rod 6-5 and the connecting rod 6-7 are connected via a connecting pin 6-6, and the other end of the connecting rod 6-7 is fixed to the water outlet switch axis 6-9 via bolts. In the initial state, the push rod motor 6-4 is in an extended state, and the water outlet switch axis 6-9 is aligned with the switcher water outlet No. 2 6-13. When the water outlet needs to be switched, the STM32 controller in the controller compartment 11 controls the push rod motor 6-4 to retract, and the water outlet switch axis 6-9 is aligned with the switcher water outlet No. 1 6-12, realizing the water outlet switching function.

[0040] As shown in Figure 4, the sample filtration container 10 includes a filter water inlet adapter 10-1, a filter upper end cap 10-2, a filter membrane 10-3, a filter membrane fixing cover plate 10-4, a filter chamber 10-5, a filter water chamber 10-6, a filter lower end cap 10-7, and a filter water outlet check valve 10-8. The filter water inlet adapter 10-1 is mounted on the filter upper end cap 10-2, which is bolted to the filter chamber 10-5. A sealing ring is placed on the side wall of the filter upper end cap 10-2. A filter membrane fixing cover plate 10-4 is mounted in the filter chamber 10-5, on which the filter membrane 10-3 is placed. The filter water outlet check valve 10-8 is bolted to the filter lower end cap 10-7, which is bolted to the filter chamber 10-5. A sealing ring is placed on the inner side of the filter lower end cap 10-7. When the outlet switching device 6 switches to the switcher water outlet No. 1 6-12, the overlying water and particulate matter will enter the sample filter container 10 through the No. 4 connecting conduit 8. Due to the filtering effect of the filter membrane 10-3, the particulate matter is retained at the front end of the filter membrane 10-3, and the overlying water passes through the filter membrane 10-3 into the filtered water cabin 10-6, and finally is discharged from the cabin body 10-5 through the filter outlet one-way valve 10-8, thereby realizing the in-situ separation of the overlying water and particulate matter.

[0041] Connecting conduit No. 1 2 is used to connect the water outlet adapter 1-8 and the water inlet of the gear pump 3, connecting conduit No. 2 5 is used to connect the water outlet of the gear pump 3 and the water inlet 6-11 of the switch, connecting conduit No. 3 7 is used to connect the water outlet No. 2 6-13 of the switch and the sample storage container 9, connecting conduit No. 4 8 is used to connect the water outlet No. 1 6-12 of the switch and the water inlet adapter 10-1 of the filter, and the watertight connectors of the water inlet heating device 1, the gear pump 3 and the water outlet switching device 6 are all connected to the watertight connectors on the controller cabin 11 through watertight cables, and are coordinated and controlled by the controller cabin 11.

[0042] The present invention also provides a method for collecting overlying water and particulate matter from a cold spring vent, which is applied to the above-mentioned cold spring vent overlying water and particulate matter collection device, comprising the following steps:

[0043] (1) Using external equipment, place the overlying water and particle collection device at the designated location of the cold spring vent;

[0044] (2) establishing communication with the STM32 in the controller cabin 11 through the host computer and the watertight cable, the host computer issues a heating instruction to the STM32 controller, and the STM32 controller, the PTC heating plate 1-3 and the temperature sensor 1-5 form a closed-loop control, performing oil bath heating, temperature monitoring and control on the brass heating elbow 1-2, and heating the overlying water and particulate matter to a specified temperature range;

[0045] (3) When the water inlet heating device 1 reaches the specified temperature, the STM32 controller in the controller cabin 11 starts the gear pump 3 to pump overlying water and particulate matter into the heating device. After being heated, the overlying water and particulate matter flow into the switch water inlet 6-11 through the connecting conduit. In the default state of the water outlet switching device 6, the switch water inlet 6-11 is connected to the switch water outlet No. 2 6-13. The overlying water and particulate matter enter the sample storage container 9 through the switch water outlet No. 2 6-13, thereby realizing the in-situ collection and preservation of the overlying water and particulate matter.

[0046] (4) When the in-situ collection and preservation of overlying water and particulate matter are completed, the STM32 controller in the controller cabin 11 issues a switching command, the push rod motor 6-4 contracts, the switch water inlet 6-11 in the outlet switching device 6 is connected to the switch water outlet No. 1 6-12, and the overlying water and particulate matter enter the sample filter container 10 through the switch water outlet No. 1 6-12. Due to the filtering effect of the filter membrane 10-3, the particulate matter is retained at the front end of the filter membrane 10-3, and the overlying water passes through the filter membrane 10-3 into the filtered water cabin 10-6, and is finally discharged from the cabin 10-5 through the filter outlet one-way valve 10-8, thereby realizing the in-situ separation function of overlying water and particulate matter.

[0047] (5) If spatial sequence sampling of overlying water and particulate matter is required, a mounting frame with different sampling heights can be customized, and the array of overlying water and particulate matter collection devices can be installed on the mounting frame. Then, the mounting frame can be placed at the designated position of the cold spring nozzle through external equipment, and the steps in (2)-(4) can be repeated to achieve spatial sequence sampling of overlying water and particulate matter.

[0048] It should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from all perspectives, the embodiments should be regarded as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. It is intended that all changes that fall within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be included in the present invention, and any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims to which they relate.

[0049] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will find that the specific implementation methods and application scopes may vary based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for collecting overlying water and particulate matter from a cold spring nozzle, characterized by: include The water inlet heating device, which is arranged on the fixed base plate, includes a heating elbow, a PTC heating plate, a temperature sensor, a lower box, and a middle detachable box. The lower box is provided with connection holes on both sides for installing the water inlet adapter and the water outlet adapter. The S-shaped heating elbow is connected between the water inlet adapter and the water outlet adapter. The PTC heating plate is fixed to the middle detachable box, and the temperature sensor is inserted into the heating oil in the lower box through the installation hole. as well as Gear pump, connecting conduit No. 1 is used to connect the water outlet adapter and the water inlet of the gear pump; as well as The water outlet switching device is arranged on the fixed base plate and includes a motor cabin, a push rod motor, a push rod and a switch cabin, the push rod motor and the push rod are arranged in the motor cabin, the push rod and the connecting rod are connected by a connecting pin, the other end of the connecting rod extends out of the motor cabin and is fixed to the water outlet switch axis of the switch cabin by a bolt; the switch cabin is sequentially provided with a switch water inlet, a switch No. 1 water outlet and a switch No. 2 water outlet; the No. 2 connecting conduit is used to connect the water outlet of the gear pump and the switch water inlet; as well as Sample storage container, No. 3 connecting conduit is used to connect the No. 2 water outlet of the switcher and the sample storage container; as well as The sample filter container, the No. 4 connecting conduit is used to connect the No. 1 water outlet of the switch and the filter water inlet adapter, the sample filter container arranged on the fixed bottom plate includes the filter upper end cover, the filter membrane, the filter membrane fixing cover plate, the filter cabin, the filtered water cabin and the filter lower end cover, the filter water inlet adapter is installed on the filter upper end cover, and the filter upper end cover is installed on the filter cabin body by bolts; the filter cabin body is installed with a filter membrane fixing cover plate, the filter membrane is placed on the filter membrane fixing cover plate, and the filter lower end cover is provided with a water outlet valve; as well as The controller cabin, the PTC heating plate, the temperature sensor and the STM32 controller in the controller cabin constitute a temperature closed-loop control, and the STM32 controller is used to control the extension and retraction of the push rod motor.

2. The cold spring spout overlying water and particulate matter collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating elbow is a brass heating elbow; the middle detachable box is provided with four PTC heating plate mounting holes and one temperature sensor mounting hole; the PTC heating plate is fixed to the middle detachable box by a heating plate fixer and bolts and is used to heat the lower box.

3. The cold spring spout overlying water and particulate matter collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power line and the data line of the temperature sensor are connected to a watertight connector, and the watertight connector is screwed onto the upper end cover of the heating device through threads.

4. The cold spring spout overlying water and particulate matter collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water outlet switching device also includes a motor cabin lower end cover, a watertight connector is screwed onto the motor cabin lower end cover through threads, the motor cabin lower end cover is fixed to the lower end of the motor cabin body through bolts, and a sealing ring is placed on the side wall of the motor cabin lower end cover.

5. The cold spring spout overlying water and particulate matter collection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The push rod motor is fixed in the motor cabin through a base and bolts, and the power line and control line of the push rod motor are connected to the watertight connector.

6. The cold spring spout overlying water and particulate matter collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the initial state, the push rod motor is in an extended state, and the axis of the water outlet switch is aligned with the switcher No. 2 water outlet; when the water outlet needs to be switched, the STM32 controller in the controller cabin controls the push rod motor to retract, and the axis of the water outlet switch is aligned with the switcher No. 1 water outlet, thereby realizing the water outlet switching function.

7. The cold spring spout overlying water and particulate matter collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing ring is placed on the side wall of the upper end cover of the filter, and a sealing ring is also placed on the inner side of the lower end cover of the filter.

8. The cold spring spout overlying water and particulate matter collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water outlet valve provided on the lower end cover of the filter is a one-way valve for the water outlet of the filter; the lower end cover of the filter is mounted on the filter cabin by means of bolts.

9. A method for using a cold spring nozzle overlying water and particle collection device, applied to the cold spring nozzle overlying water and particle collection device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Using external equipment, place the overlying water and particle collection device at the designated location of the cold spring vent; (2) The host computer and the watertight cable establish communication with the STM32 in the controller cabin. The host computer issues a heating instruction to the STM32 controller. The STM32 controller, the PTC heating plate and the temperature sensor form a closed-loop control to perform oil bath heating, temperature monitoring and control on the heating elbow. Heat to a specified temperature range; (3) When the water inlet heating device reaches the specified temperature, the STM32 controller in the controller cabin starts the gear pump to pump overlying water and particulate matter into the heating device. After being heated, the overlying water and particulate matter flow into the water inlet of the switch through the connecting conduit. In the default state of the water outlet switching device, the water inlet of the switch is connected to the No. 2 water outlet of the switch. The overlying water and particulate matter enter the sample storage container through the No. 2 water outlet of the switch, thereby realizing the in-situ collection and preservation of the overlying water and particulate matter; (4) When the in-situ collection and preservation of overlying water and particulate matter are completed, the STM32 controller in the controller cabin issues a switching command, the push rod motor contracts, and the water inlet of the switch in the outlet switching device is connected to the No. 1 outlet of the switch. The overlying water and particulate matter enter the sample filter container through the No. 1 outlet of the switch. Due to the filtering effect of the filter membrane, the particulate matter is retained at the front end of the filter membrane, and the overlying water passes through the filter membrane into the filtered water cabin and is finally discharged from the cabin through the one-way valve at the filter outlet, thereby realizing the in-situ separation function of overlying water and particulate matter.

10. The method for using the cold spring spout overlying water and particulate matter collection device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The invention comprises a mounting frame with different sampling heights, a fixing plate where the overlying water and particulate matter collecting device is located is installed on the mounting frame, and then the mounting frame is placed at a designated position of the cold spring nozzle to perform spatial sequence sampling of overlying water and particulate matter.

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