One-part (1K) ms / epoxy hybrid curable composition, preparation method and use of the same
The one-part (1K) MS/epoxy hybrid curable composition with specific components addresses storage stability and curing speed issues, providing enhanced tensile strength and flexible curing options for improved adhesive performance.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/103882
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-08
AI Technical Summary
Existing one-part (1K) MS/epoxy hybrid systems suffer from poor storage stability and do not adequately address the need for improved tensile strength and curing speed, limiting their application in various fields.
A one-part (1K) MS/epoxy hybrid curable composition comprising alkoxysilyl-terminated polyether polymer, epoxy-containing alkoxysilane, moisture curing catalyst, and imine group-containing alkoxysilane, allowing for stable storage and curing via moisture and/or heat, including low-temperature heat curing.
The composition achieves improved tensile strength, acceptable elongation properties, and flexible curing options, ensuring storage stability and efficient curing without the need for immediate mixing.
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Figure PCTCN2024103882-FTAPPB-I100003
Abstract
Description
ONE-PART (1K) MS / EPOXY HYBRID CURABLE COMPOSITION, PREPARATION METHOD AND USE OF THE SAME
[0001] FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0002] The present invention relates to a one-part (1K) MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition, a process for preparing the composition, a process for bonding substrates using the composition, an article bonded or sealed using the composition, as well as a cured product and use of the composition.
[0003] BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0004] Silane-modified polyether adhesives / sealants, which are also known as silicone-modified polyether adhesives / sealants or silane-terminated polyether adhesives / sealants and which are generally abbreviated as MS adhesives / sealants, are widely used in various applications. Typically, the MS adhesive or sealant is in the form of a viscous paste obtained by mixing an alkoxysilane-terminated polyether polymer, which has a polyether backbone and an alkoxysilyl group at both terminals and which is generally abbreviated as MS polymer, as the base polymer, fillers, plasticizers, and other additives.
[0005] When the MS adhesive or sealant is applied to a substrate, it will start to polymerize and cure due to contact with moistures in the air or on the substrate, and eventually form an adhesive elastomer, more specifically an elastomer having the Si-O-Si bonds as the crosslinking points and a flexible polyether chain between the crosslinking points, thereby achieving the purpose of sealing and bonding.
[0006] Due to the presence of polyether structural units and the terminal silane structure, the MS adhesive or sealant, when cured, has the advantages of both silicone sealants and polyurethane sealants, and exhibits good performances such as good elasticity, excellent weather resistance, and environmental protection. As such, the MS adhesive or sealant is widely used in various fields such as rail transportation, automobile manufacturing, elevators, architectural curtain wall, ceramic tile adhesion, and interior decoration.
[0007] Unfortunately, the MS adhesive or sealant also suffers from the drawbacks of a relatively low strength and a slow curing speed, which usually restricts its application in many fields. Accordingly, there is an ongoing demand for formulating a MS adhesive or sealant, which, when cured, has an improved tensile strength and maintains an acceptable elongation property, and / or which can be cured within a shorter period of time.
[0008] Currently, there are very few good solutions for addressing these drawbacks existed in the MS adhesive or sealant. For example, some of compositions contain different types of CaCO3 to increase the crosslink density, thereby improving the tensile strength of the cured products. In addition, the curing speed of the MS adhesive or sealant can be improved to some degree via using different crosslinkers or more catalysts. Further, by virtue of the presence of an epoxy group (s) , a MS / epoxy hybrid system is also available for increasing the curing speed thereof. However, current MS / epoxy hybrid systems are generally two-part (2K) systems, of which two parts must be mixed immediately before application to initiate the curing reaction, thereby increasing the operational complexities and rendering the composition no longer storable. There are also few 1K MS / epoxy hybrid systems, which typically comprise a latent curing agent for an epoxy component so as to ensure the feasibility of the 1K system. However, such 1K MS / epoxy hybrid systems do not have a long-term storage stability, and / or cannot meet the aforesaid demand well either. For instance, some of these 1K systems comprise, as a latent curing agent, a ketimine compound prepared by an amine having methylene group bonded to the amino group (e.g., diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, or trimethylhexamethylenediamine) and a ketone (e.g., methyl ethyl ketone, or methyl isobutyl ketone) , but exhibit a poor storage stability due to the uncovered amine nitrogen of the ketimine compound. For instance, an exemplary ketimine compound is the reaction product of methyl ethyl ketone and diethylenetriamine or triethylenetetramine, and this compound has both of an imine bond and a secondary amine bond in its molecule, thereby incurring the storage stability issue. Furthermore, other types of latent curing agents, e.g., an aromatic imine prepared by the reaction of an aromatic diamine with the aldehyde and ketone types compounds, cannot address the aforesaid drawbacks well either.
[0009] In view of foregoing, there remains a need in the art for developing an improved one-part (1K) MS / epoxy hybrid system that would address these shortcomings as described above and that would find use in a variety of applications.
[0010] SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0011] The present inventors have conducted intensive study, and found that the aforesaid object can be achieved utilizing a one-part (1K) MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition as expatiated hereinafter, which has an excellent storage stability, yields a cured product having improved tensile strength and acceptable elongation property, and can be cured via multiple curing manners, especially via heat curing at a low temperature and the subsequent moisture curing.
[0012] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a one-part (1K) MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition, comprising:
[0013] (A) at least one alkoxysilyl-terminated polyether polymer;
[0014] (B) at least one epoxy-containing alkoxysilane and / or oligomer thereof;
[0015] (C) at least one moisture curing catalyst;
[0016] (D) at least one imine group-containing alkoxysilane of formula (III) or (IV) :
[0017] in which:
[0018] - R4, R5, R6, R7, R8 and R9 are same or different, and each independently represents C1-C20 alkyl, preferably C1-C12 alkyl, more preferably C1-C6 alkyl, most preferably C1-C3 alkyl;
[0019] - Q is a linear or branched C1-C20 alkylene, preferably C1-C12 alkylene, more preferably C1-C6 alkylene, most preferably C1-C3 alkylene; and
[0020] - b is 1, 2 or 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3,
[0021] in which:
[0022] - R10 and R11 are same or different, and each independently represents C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl or C6-C20 aryl, preferably C1-C12 alkyl, C2-C12 alkenyl or C6-C12 aryl, more preferably C1-C6 alkyl;
[0023] - M is a linear or branched divalent linking group selected from a group consisting of C1-C20 alkylene, C6-C20 arylene, C7-C22 aralkylene, C7-C22 alkarylene and any combination thereof, preferably a group consisting of C1-C12 alkylene, C6-C12 arylene, C7-C12 aralkylene, C7-C12 alkarylene and any combination thereof, more preferably C1-C6 alkylene, most preferably C1-C3 alkylene;
[0024] - R12 and R13 each independently represents C1-C20 alkyl, preferably C1-C12 alkyl, more preferably C1-C6 alkyl, most preferably C1-C3 alkyl; and
[0025] - c is 1, 2 or 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3, and
[0026] (E) optionally at least one epoxy resin.
[0027] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a process for preparing the one-part (1K) MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition according to the first aspect, comprising:
[0028] (a) charging an alkoxysilyl-terminated polyether polymer, an epoxy-containing alkoxysilane and / or oligomer thereof, an optional epoxy resin, and an optional additive, such as a filler and / or a plasticizer, into a mixing system under vacuum and stirring to form a mixture;
[0029] (b) heating the mixture to a temperature of 110 to 130℃ to remove water;
[0030] (c) cooling the mixture to a temperature below 50℃ under an anhydrous headspace or vacuum;
[0031] (d) adding an imine group-containing alkoxysilane and an optional crosslinker to the mixture; and
[0032] (e) adding a moisture curing catalyst to the mixture, and mixing under an anhydrous headspace until being uniformly dispersed.
[0033] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a cured product of the one-part (1K) MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition according to the first aspect or prepared by the process according to the second aspect.
[0034] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a process for bonding substrates, comprising:
[0035] (i) applying the one-part (1K) MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition according to the first aspect or prepared by the process according to the second aspect onto one or both of the substrates;
[0036] (ii) laminating the substrates to form an assembly;
[0037] (iii) solidifying the composition disposed between the substrates by any of: i) a heat curing and a subsequent moisture curing, ii) only a moisture curing, and iii) a moisture curing and a subsequent heat curing.
[0038] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides an article bonded or sealed using the one-part (1K) MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition according to the first aspect or prepared by the process according to the second aspect.
[0039] In a sixth aspect, the present invention provides use of the one-part (1K) MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition according to the first aspect or prepared by the process according to the second aspect for joining, casting, moulding, binding, sealing or coating on one or more substrates, preferably as an adhesive or a sealant.
[0040] It is believed that the interactions among all components of the 1K MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition of the present invention are important for achieving the aforesaid intended object. Specifically, the component (D) imine group-containing alkoxysilane contains no primary amino group and no secondary amino group in its molecule, and is stable and nonreactive within the composition in the absence of moisture, thereby ensuring the storage stability of the curable composition of the present invention. Alkoxysilyl groups in the components (A) , (B) and (D) can undergo hydrolysis and crosslinking reactions upon exposure to moisture in the presence of the moisture curing catalyst, such that any of the components (A) , (B) and (D) can be linked together via -Si-O-Si-bonds. Meanwhile, upon exposure to the moisture, the imine bond in the imine group-containing alkoxysilane (i.e., component (D) ) will break and release an active amine, which in turn participates in the curing of epoxy component such as the epoxy-containing alkoxysilane and / or oligomer thereof (i.e., component (B) ) and the optional epoxy resin (i.e., component (E) ) . That is to say, the imine group-containing alkoxysilane can serve as a linking component which reacts with both the epoxy group and the alkoxysilyl group, thereby forming another chemical crosslinking between components (A) and (B) and / or between different molecules of component (B) . The specific reactions occurred in the system may be complex, and a simply theoretical analysis of the reactions of each component may have limitation on the prediction of the resulted adhesive’s properties.
[0041] As compared with conventional MS / epoxy hybrid systems, the present invention has the following advantages:
[0042] 1) The MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition of the present invention is in the form of one-part composition which has a better storage stability;
[0043] 2) The 1K MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition of the present invention can yield a cured product having an improved tensile strength and an acceptable elongation property; and
[0044] 3) The 1K MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition of the present invention can be cured utilizing moisture and / or heat, i.e., utilizing any of: i) a heat curing and a subsequent moisture curing, ii) only a moisture curing, or iii) a moisture curing and a subsequent heat curing, and thus an operator can flexibly choose a suitable curing manner as per different application scenarios. Especially, the heat curing involved in these curing manners can be carried out at a relatively low temperature, such as 85℃.
[0045] These and other features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art from the detailed description herein.
[0046] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0047] It is to be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that the present discussion is a description of exemplary embodiments only and is not intended as limiting the broader aspects of the present invention. Each aspect so described may be combined with any other aspect (s) , unless clearly indicated to the contrary. In particular, any feature indicated as being preferred or advantageous may be combined with any other feature or features indicated as being preferred or advantageous.
[0048] All terms used in the present invention, including technical and scientific terms, have the meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, unless otherwise defined. By means of further guidance, term definitions are included to better appreciate the teaching of the present invention. In case of conflict, the present invention, including definitions, will control.
[0049] Definition
[0050] The singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” as used herein include plural referents, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
[0051] Unless specified otherwise, the recitation of numerical end points includes all numbers and fractions subsumed within the respective ranges, as well as the recited end points.
[0052] The term “at least one” or “one or more” used herein for defining a component refers to the type of the component, and not to the absolute number of molecules.
[0053] The terms “comprising” , “comprises” and “comprised of” as used herein are synonymous with “including” , “includes” , “containing” or “contains” , are inclusive or open-ended and do not exclude additional, non-recited components, members, elements or method steps. The term “consisting of” excludes any element, ingredient, member or method step not specified.
[0054] When amounts, concentrations, dimensions and other parameters are expressed in the form of a range, a preferable range, an upper limit value, a lower limit value or preferable upper and limit values, it should be understood that any ranges obtainable by combining any upper limit or preferable value with any lower limit or preferable value are also specifically disclosed, irrespective of whether the obtained ranges are clearly mentioned in the context.
[0055] The term “may” is used herein in a permissive sense –that is meaning to have the potential to -rather than in the mandatory sense.
[0056] As used herein, a one-part (1K) curable composition is a singular formulation that has sufficient commercial stability to be prepared, warehoused and shipped to an end user as a singular formulation. The 1K composition can be used without adding any additional component, and will crosslink or cure when exposed to suitable conditions. A two-part (2K) curable composition has two or more parts. Each of these parts is prepared, warehoused and shipped separately from the other part (s) . The parts are mixed immediately prior to use so as to initiate a cure reaction, and the commercial storage after mixing is impossible.
[0057] As used herein, the term “oligomer” refers to a defined, small number of repeating monomer units such as 2 to 5,000 units, and advantageously 10 to 1,000 units which have been polymerized to form a molecule. Oligomers are a subset of the term “polymer” . The term “polymer” refers to any polymerized product greater in chain length and molecular weight than the oligomer. Polymers can have a degree of polymerization of 20 to 25000.
[0058] The term “C1-Cn alkyl” as used herein refers to a monovalent group that contains 1 to n carbons atoms, that is a radical of an alkane and includes linear and branched organic groups. Examples of alkyl groups include, but not limiting to, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, and 2-ethylhexyl.
[0059] The term “C1-Cn alkylene” as used herein is defined as saturated, divalent hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to n carbon atoms. Examples of alkylene groups include, but not limiting to, methylene, ethylene, propylene, isopropylene, n-butylene, sec-butylene, iso-butylene, tert-butylene, n-pentylene, n-hexylene, n-heptylene, 2, 4, 4-trimethylpentylene, 2-ethylhexylene, n-octylene, n-nonylene, n-decylene, n-undecylene, n-dodecylene, n-hexadecylene, n-octadecylene, and n-eicosylene.
[0060] The term “alkoxy” as used herein refers to a monovalent group represented by -OR wherein R is an alkyl group as defined above. Examples of alkoxy groups include, but not limiting to, methoxy, ethoxy, n-propyloxy, iso-propyloxy, n-butoxy, tert-butoxy, n-pentyloxy, n-hexyloxy, and n-heptyloxy.
[0061] The term “C3-C20 cycloalkyl” as used herein is understood to mean a saturated, mono-or polycyclic hydrocarbon group having from 3 to 20 carbon atoms. Examples of cycloalkyl groups include, but not limiting to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantine, and norbornane.
[0062] The term “C6-C20 aryl” as used herein used alone or as part of a larger moiety -refers to monocyclic, bicyclic and tricyclic ring systems in which the monocyclic ring system is aromatic or at least one of the rings in a bicyclic or tricyclic ring system is aromatic. The bicyclic and tricyclic ring systems include benzofused 2-3 membered carbocyclic rings. Examples of aryl groups include, but not limiting to, phenyl, indenyl, naphthalenyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, tetrahydroindenyl, and tetrahydroanthracenyl.
[0063] The term “C6-C20 arylene” as used herein refers to a divalent radical having from 6 to 20 carbon atoms and which is derived from a monocyclic, bicyclic and tricyclic ring system in which the monocyclic ring system is aromatic or at least one of the rings in a bicyclic or tricyclic ring system is aromatic. Examples of arylene groups include, but not limiting to, phenylene and naphthalene-1, 8-diyl.
[0064] The term “aralkyl” as used herein refers to group in which an aryl group -as defined above -replaces at least one hydrogen atom of an alkyl group, also as defined above. Further, the term “aralkylene” refers to a divalent radical in which an aryl group replaces at least one hydrogen atom of the alkylene group as defined above.
[0065] The term "alkaryl" as used herein refers to alkyl-substituted aryl groups. Further, the term “alkarylene” denotes a divalent radical being an alkyl-substituted aryl radical, wherein one hydrogen at any position of the alkyl carbon backbone is replaced by a further binding site. Examples of alkarylene groups include, but not limiting to, methylphenylene and ethylphenylene.
[0066] The term "C2-C20 alkenyl" as used herein refers to hydrocarbyl groups having from 2 to 20 carbon atoms and at least one unit of ethylenic unsaturation. The alkenyl group can be linear, branched or cyclic, and may optionally be substituted with one or more substituents. The term “alkenyl” also encompasses radicals having “cis” and “trans” configurations, or alternatively, “E” and “Z” configurations, as appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art. Examples of alkenyl groups include, but not limiting to: -CH═CH2; -CH═CHCH3; -CH2CH═CH2; -C (═CH2) (CH3) ; -CH═CHCH2CH3; -CH2CH═CHCH3; -CH2CH2CH═CH2; -CH═C (CH3) 2; -CH2C (═CH2) (CH3) ; -C (═CH2) CH2CH3; -C (CH3) ═CHCH3; -C (CH3) CH═CH2; -CH═CHCH2CH2CH3; -CH2CH═CHCH2CH3; -CH2CH2CH═CHCH3; -CH2CH2CH2CH═CH2; -C(═CH2) CH2CH2CH3; -C (CH3) ═CHCH2CH3; -CH (CH3) CH═CHCH; -CH(CH3) CH2CH═CH2; -CH2CH═C (CH3) 2; 1-cyclopent-1-enyl; 1-cyclopent-2-enyl; 1-cyclopent-3-enyl; 1-cyclohex-1-enyl; 1-cyclohex-2-enyl; and 1-cyclohexyl-3-enyl.
[0067] The term “epoxy group” as used herein refers to a chemical group having a structure of
[0068] The term “glycidyloxy group” or “glycidoxy group” as used herein refers to a chemical group having a structure of
[0069] As used herein, the term “primary amino group” refers to an NH2 group that is attached to an organic radical, and the term “secondary amino group” refers to an NH group that is attached to two organic radicals, which may also together be part of a ring. The term “imine group” as used herein refers to a chemical group having a structure of -N=C-.
[0070] The term “room temperature” as used herein refers to 23℃ plus or minus 2℃.
[0071] As used herein, the term “cure” or “curing” refers to both crosslinking and curing, and the term “crosslinking” is defined as the formation of chemical or physical interactions between polymer chains. The term “curing” is broader than the term “crosslinking” , and includes the total polymerization process from initiation of the reaction to when the final reaction products are produced.
[0072] The term “catalyst” as used herein refers to a substance that increases the rate or decreases the activation energy of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change.
[0073] The term “latent curing agent” as used herein refers to a molecule or a compound that is activated by an external energy source prior to reacting with another component in the composition, such as reacting into (i.e., crosslinking with) a polymeric backbone.
[0074] The molecular weights given herein refer to number average molecular weights (Mn) , unless otherwise stipulated. Molecular weight data can be obtained by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) calibrated against polystyrene standards in accordance with DIN 55672-1: 2007-08 at 35℃, unless otherwise stipulated. The weight average molecular weight Mw can be determined by GPC, as described for Mn.
[0075] All references cited in the present specification are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
[0076] One-Part (1K) MS / Epoxy Hybrid Curable Composition
[0077] In one aspect, the present invention is directed to a one-part (1K) MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition, comprising:
[0078] (A) at least one alkoxysilyl-terminated polyether polymer;
[0079] (B) at least one epoxy-containing alkoxysilane and / or oligomer thereof;
[0080] (C) at least one moisture curing catalyst;
[0081] (D) at least one imine group-containing alkoxysilane of formula (III) or (IV) :
[0082] in which:
[0083] - R4, R5, R6, R7, R8 and R9 are same or different, and each independently represents C1-C20 alkyl, preferably C1-C12 alkyl, more preferably C1-C6 alkyl, most preferably C1-C3 alkyl;
[0084] - Q is a linear or branched C1-C20 alkylene, preferably C1-C12 alkylene, more preferably C1-C6 alkylene, most preferably C1-C3 alkylene; and
[0085] - b is 1, 2 or 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3,
[0086] in which,
[0087] - R10 and R11 are same or different, and each independently represents C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl or C6-C20 aryl, preferably C1-C12 alkyl, C2-C12 alkenyl or C6-C12 aryl, more preferably C1-C6 alkyl;
[0088] - M is a linear or branched divalent linking group selected from a group consisting of C1-C20 alkylene, C6-C20 arylene, C7-C22 aralkylene, C7-C22 alkarylene and any combination thereof, preferably a group consisting of C1-C12 alkylene, C6-C12 arylene, C7-C12 aralkylene, C7-C12 alkarylene and any combination thereof, more preferably C1-C6 alkylene, most preferably C1-C3 alkylene;
[0089] - R12 and R13 each independently represents C1-C20 alkyl, preferably C1-C12 alkyl, more preferably C1-C6 alkyl, most preferably C1-C3 alkyl; and
[0090] - c is 1, 2 or 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3, and
[0091] (E) optionally at least one epoxy resin.
[0092] The components of the 1K MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition of the present invention will be illustrated below in detail.
[0093] Component (A) : Alkoxysilyl-Terminated Polyether Polymer
[0094] The 1K MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition of the present invention comprises (A) at least one alkoxysilyl-terminated polyether polymer, which has a polyether backbone and an alkoxysilyl group at both terminals. The presence of alkoxysilyl groups in the molecule allows the hydrolysis and condensation reactions of the alkoxysilyl-terminated polyether polymer upon exposure to the moisture.
[0095] There is no particular limitation to the alkoxysilyl-terminated polyether polymer, and the alkoxysilyl-terminated polyether polymers commonly used in the MS adhesive or sealant can be employed in the 1K MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition of the present invention.
[0096] Preferably, the alkoxysilyl-terminated polyether polymer is a polymer having a polyether backbone and an alkoxysilyl group, represented by formula (I) , at both terminals: *-Si (ORa) m (Rb) 3-m (I)
[0097] in which:
[0098] - *represents a position bonded to the polyether backbone;
[0099] - Ra each independently represents C1-C20 alkyl, preferably C1-C12 alkyl, more preferably C1-C6 alkyl, most preferably C1-C3 alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl and propyl;
[0100] - Rb each independently represents C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl or C6-C20 aryl, preferably C1-C12 alkyl, C2-C12 alkenyl or C6-C12 aryl, more preferably C1-C6 alkyl, most preferably C1-C3 alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl and propyl; and
[0101] - m is an integer from 2 or 3, more preferably 3.
[0102] The polyether backbone refers to a linear or branched polyoxyalkylene group, which may be represented by a formula of (CnH2nO) p, in which n is an integer from 2 to 10, and p is an integer greater than 4 and may generally range from 5 to 1,000. The polyoxyalkyene group may comprise oxyethylene units (C2H4O) , oxypropylene units (C3H6O) , oxybutylene units (C4H8O) , oxytetramethylene units, or any combination thereof. The main structure may be composed of either only a single type of repeating oxyalkylene units or two or more types of repeating units. When mixtures are present (e.g., polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene copolymer) , they typically are in the form of a random copolymer. The polyether backbone is preferably a polyoxypropylene backbone. The polyether may have a linear or branched main chain structure, and the branched chain number is preferably 1 to 4, most preferably 1, when the polyether has branched chains.
[0103] In some embodiments, the polyether backbone of the alkoxysilyl-terminated polyether polymer may contain other units, e.g., a urethane unit, provided that the effect of the present invention is not significantly impaired. The urethane unit is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include groups formed by reaction between an isocyanate group and an active hydrogen group.
[0104] Preferably, the alkoxysilyl group of formula (I) includes, but not limiting to, trimethoxysilyl group, triethoxysilyl group, tripropoxysilyl group, dimethoxymethylsilyl group, diethoxymethylsilyl group, diisopropoxymethylsilyl group, dimethoxyethylsilyl group, diethoxyethylsilyl group, diisopropoxyethylsilyl group, and any combination thereof. More preferably, the alkoxysilyl group of formula (I) include, but not limiting to, dimethoxymethylsilyl group, trimethoxysilyl group, and any combination thereof.
[0105] The number average molecular weight (Mn) of the alkoxysilyl-terminated polyether polymer is preferably no less than 2,000, more preferably no less than 8,000, but preferably no more than 60,000, more preferably no more than 50,000, particularly preferably no more than 35,000.
[0106] The alkoxysilyl-terminated polyether polymer can be prepared by any technique known to one of ordinary skill in the art, or are commercially available. Examples of alkoxysilyl-terminated polyether polymer suitable for use in the present invention include, but not limiting to, for example, Kaneka MS PolymersTM series products, such as the dimethoxy silyl type products, including S203H, S303H, S227, S327, SAX220, SAX750, SAX350, SAX260, and SAX400; and the trimethoxy silyl type products, including SAX510, SAX530, SAX580, and SAX590, preferably MS PolymerTM S303H, all of which are available from Kaneka Corporation.
[0107] The alkoxysilyl-terminated polyether polymer may be present in the 1K MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition in an amount of 10-70 wt. %, preferably 15-60 wt. %, more preferably 20-50 wt. %, most preferably 25-45 wt. %, such as 10 wt. %, 12 wt. %, 14 wt. %, 16 wt. %, 18 wt. %, 20 wt. %, 22 wt. %, 24 wt. %, 26 wt. %, 28 wt. %, 30 wt. %, 32 wt. %, 34 wt. %, 36 wt. %, 38 wt. %, 40 wt. %, 42 wt. %, 44 wt. %, 46 wt. %, 48 wt. %, 50 wt. %, 52 wt. %, 54 wt. %, 56 wt. %, 58 wt. %, 60 wt. %, 62 wt. %, 64 wt. %, 66 wt. %, 68 wt. %, 70 wt. %, or any ranges between two above- listed values, based on the total weight of the curable composition.
[0108] Component (B) : Epoxy-Containing Alkoxysilane and / or Oligomer Thereof
[0109] The 1K MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition of the present invention further comprises (B) at least one epoxy-containing alkoxysilane and / or oligomer thereof, which contains at least one alkoxy group bonded to Si atom and at least one epoxy group in the molecule. Component (B) is a necessary component of the present invention, and without the presence of component (B), the desired effect of the present invention cannot be achieved.
[0110] Preferably, the monomeric epoxy-containing alkoxysilane may be represented by a formula (II) : R1-L-Si (OR2) aR3 (3-a) (II)
[0111] in which:
[0112] - R1 represents an epoxy group, a glycidyloxy group or an epoxy (C3-C20 cycloalkyl) , preferably an epoxy group, a glycidyloxy group or an epoxy (C3-C12 cycloalkyl) , more preferably an epoxy group, a glycidyloxy group or an epoxycyclohexyl, most preferably a glycidyloxy group;
[0113] - L is a linear or branched divalent linking group selected from a group consisting of C1-C20 alkylene, C6-C20 arylene, C7-C22 aralkylene, C7-C22 alkarylene and any combination thereof, preferably a group consisting of C1-C12 alkylene, C6-C12 arylene, C7-C12 aralkylene, C7-C12 alkarylene and any combination thereof, more preferably C1-C6 alkylene, most preferably C1-C3 alkylene;
[0114] - R2 each independently represents C1-C20 alkyl, preferably C1-C12 alkyl, more preferably C1-C6 alkyl, most preferably C1-C3 alkyl;
[0115] - R3 each independently represents C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl or C6-C20 aryl, preferably C1-C12 alkyl, C2-C12 alkenyl or C6-C12 aryl, more preferably C1-C6 alkyl, most preferably C1-C3 alkyl; and
[0116] - a is 2 or 3, preferably 3.
[0117] Preferably, the oligomeric epoxy-containing alkoxysilane may be represented by a formula (II’) :
[0118] in which:
[0119] ‐ R1 and L, independently from each other, have the same definitions as in formula (II) ;
[0120] ‐ R2 each dependently has the same definitions as in formula (II) , and
[0121] ‐ t is an integer from 2 to 100, preferably from 3 to 50, more preferably from 3 to 11.
[0122] Preferably, the component (B) suitable for use in the present invention include, but not limiting to, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyldimethoxyethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropylmethoxydiethoxysilane, β- (3, 4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxyethyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxyethyltriethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxymethyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxymethyltriethoxysilane, or any combination thereof, and / or the oligomers thereof. These epoxy-containing alkoxysilanes and / or oligomers thereof may be used alone or in any combination thereof. More preferably, the component (B) is 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane and / or the oligomers thereof.
[0123] The epoxy-containing alkoxysilanes and / or the oligomers thereof may be prepared by any technique known to one of ordinary skill in the art, or are commercially available. Examples of commercially available epoxy-containing alkoxysilanes and / or the oligomers thereof include, but not limiting to, Dynasylan GLYEO, and Dynasylan GLYMO, available from Evonik Industries AG; and SilquestTM A 186, SilquestTM A 187, and CoatOSil MP200, available from Momentive Performance Materials Inc.
[0124] The component (B) may be present in the 1K MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition in an amount of 1-20 wt. %, preferably 2-15 wt. %, more preferably 2.5-10 wt. %, such as 1 wt. %, 2 wt. %, 3 wt. %, 4 wt. %, 5 wt. %, 6 wt. %, 7 wt. %, 8 wt. %, 9 wt. %, 10 wt. %, 11 wt. %, 12 wt. %, 13 wt. %, 14 wt. %, 15 wt. %, 16 wt. %, 17 wt. %, 18 wt. %, 19 wt. %, 20 wt. %, or any ranges between two above-listed values, based on the total weight of the curable composition.
[0125] Component (C) : Moisture Curing Catalyst
[0126] The 1K MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition of the present invention further comprises (C) at least one moisture curing catalyst, which is added for the purpose of accelerating the curing or crosslinking of the curable composition, so that a network structure may be formed within a shorter time upon exposure to moisture.
[0127] The moisture curing catalysts suitable for use in the present invention include those known to be useful for facilitating moisture curing, and may include metal and non-metal catalysts. Exemplary metal portion of the metal catalysts suitable for use in the present invention include, but not limiting to, tin compounds, titanium compounds, zirconium compounds, lead compounds, iron compounds, cobalt compounds, antimony compounds, manganese compounds, bismuth compounds and zinc compounds.
[0128] In a preferred embodiment, the moisture curing catalyst is a tin compound, which may include, but not limiting to: dimethyldineodecanoatetin, dibutyltindilaurate, dibutyltindiacetate, dibutyltindimethoxide, tinoctoate, isobutyltintriceroate, dibutyltinoxide, solubilized dibutyl tin oxide, dibutyltin bis diisooctylphthalate, bis-tripropoxysilyl dioctyltin, dibutyltin bis-acetylacetone, silylated dibutyltin dioxide, carbomethoxyphenyl tin tris-uberate, isobutyltin triceroate, dimethyltin dibutyrate, dimethyltin di-neodecanoate, triethyltin tartarate, dibutyltin dibenzoate, tin oleate, tin naphthenate, butyltintri-2-ethylhexylhexoate, tinbutyrate, dioctyltin didecylmercaptide, bis (neodecanoyloxy) dioctylstannane, dimethylbis (oleoyloxy) stannane, and the like, more preferably one or more tin compounds selected from a group consisting of dimethyldineodecanoatetin, dioctyltin didecylmercaptide, bis (neodecanoyloxy) dioctyl-stannane and dimethylbis (oleoyloxy) stannane, and most preferably bis (neodecanoyloxy) dioctylstannane.
[0129] The moisture curing catalysts suitable for use in the present invention can be prepared by any technique known to one of ordinary skill in the art, or are commercially available. Examples of commercially available moisture curing catalysts include, but not limiting to, FOMREZ UL-28 (i.e., dimethyldineodecanoatetin) , FOMREZ UL-32 (i.e., dioctyltin didecylmercaptide) , FOMREZ UL-38 (i.e., bis (neodecanoyloxy) dioctylstannane) , and FOMREZ UL-50 (i.e., dimethylbis (oleoyloxy) stannane) , all of which are available from Momentive Performance Materials Inc.
[0130] The moisture curing catalyst may be present in the 1K MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition in a total amount of 0.01-5 wt. %, preferably 0.1-3 wt. %, more preferably 0.5-1.5 wt. %, such as 0.01 wt. %, 0.05 wt. %, 0.1 wt. %, 0.15 wt. %, 0.2 wt. %, 0.25 wt. %, 0.3 wt. %, 0.35 wt. %, 0.4 wt. %, 0.45 wt. %, 0.5 wt. %, 0.55 wt. %, 0.6 wt. %, 0.65 wt. %, 0.7 wt. %, 0.75 wt. %, 0.8 wt. %, 0.85 wt. %, 0.9 wt. %, 0.95 wt. %, 1 wt. %, 1.2 wt. %, 1.4 wt. %, 1.6 wt. %, 1.8 wt. %, 2 wt. %, 2.2 wt. %, 2.4 wt. %, 2.6 wt. %, 2.8 wt. %, 3 wt. %, 3.2 wt. %, 3.4 wt. %, 3.6 wt. %, 3.8 wt. %, 4 wt. %, 4.2 wt. %, 4.4 wt. %, 4.6 wt. %, 4.8 wt. %, 5 wt. %, or any ranges between two numbers listed above, based on the total weight of the curable composition.
[0131] Component (D) : Imine Group-Containing Alkoxysilane
[0132] The 1K MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition of the present invention further comprises (D) at least one imine group-containing alkoxysilane of formula (III) or (IV) :
[0133] in which:
[0134] - R4, R5, R6, R7, R8 and R9 are same or different, and each independently represents C1-C20 alkyl, preferably C1-C12 alkyl, more preferably C1-C6 alkyl, most preferably C1-C3 alkyl;
[0135] - Q is a linear or branched C1-C20 alkylene, preferably C1-C12 alkylene, more preferably C1-C6 alkylene, most preferably C1-C3 alkylene; and
[0136] - b is 1, 2 or 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3,
[0137] in which:
[0138] - R10 and R11 are same or different, and each independently represents C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl or C6-C20 aryl, preferably C1-C12 alkyl, C2-C12 alkenyl or C6-C12 aryl, more preferably C1-C6 alkyl;
[0139] - M is a linear or branched divalent linking group selected from a group consisting of C1-C20 alkylene, C6-C20 arylene, C7-C22 aralkylene, C7-C22 alkarylene and any combination thereof, preferably a group consisting of C1-C12 alkylene, C6-C12 arylene, C7-C12 aralkylene, C7-C12 alkarylene and any combination thereof, more preferably C1-C6 alkylene, most preferably C1-C3 alkylene;
[0140] - R12 and R13 each independently represents C1-C20 alkyl, preferably C1-C12 alkyl, more preferably C1-C6 alkyl, most preferably C1-C3 alkyl; and
[0141] - c is 1, 2 or 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3.
[0142] The imine group-containing alkoxysilane used in the 1K MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition of the present invention contains no primary amino group and no secondary amino group in its molecule, and is stable and nonreactive within the composition in the absence of moisture, thereby ensuring the storage stability of the curable composition of the present invention. Upon exposure to the moisture, the imine group-containing alkoxysilane will undergo the following reactions: (1) the imine bond in its molecule will break and release an active amine, which in turn participates in the curing of epoxy component such as the epoxy-containing alkoxysilane and / or oligomer thereof and the optional epoxy resin as set forth below; and (2) the alkoxysilyl groups in its molecule will be hydrolyzed to yield the -SiOH group, which in turn participates in the crosslinking with other alkoxysilyl-containing component (s) . As a result, the imine group-containing alkoxysilane can serve as a linking component which reacts with both the epoxy group and the alkoxysilyl group, thereby forming a chemical crosslinking between components (A) and (B) and / or between different molecules of component (B) .
[0143] Conventional imine-type latent curing agents used in the current 1K MS / epoxy hybrid systems only involve in the hydrolysis of the imine group upon exposure to the moisture, and cannot serve as a linking component between the MS component and the epoxy component. Especially, these conventional imine-type latent curing agents even will incur the storage stability issue of the composition, as discussed above in the background. Also, using conventional imine-type latent curing agents other than those defined in the present invention cannot achieve the desired effect of the present invention.
[0144] Preferably, the imine group-containing alkoxysilane of formula (III) includes N, N, N’, N’-tetramethyl-N” - [3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl] guanidine, N, N, N’, N’-tetramethyl-N” - [3- (triethoxysilyl) propyl] -guanidine, N, N, N’, N’-tetramethyl-N” - [3- (dimethylmethoxysilyl) propyl] guanidine, N, N, N’, N’-tetramethyl-N” - [3- (methyldimethoxysilyl) propyl] guanidine, N, N, N’, N’-tetramethyl-N” - [3- (dimethoxyethoxysilyl) propyl] guanidine, N, N, N’, N’-tetramethyl-N” - [3- (methoxydiethoxysilyl) -propyl] guanidine, and any combination thereof. More preferably, the imine group-containing alkoxysilane of formula (III) is N, N, N’, N’-tetramethyl-N” - [3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl] guanidine.
[0145] Preferably, the imine group-containing alkoxysilane of formula (IV) includes ( (trimethoxysilyl) propyl) methylisobutylimine, ( (triethoxysilyl) propyl) methylisobutylimine, ( (methyldimethoxysilyl) propyl) methylisobutylimine, ( (ethyldimethoxysilyl) propyl) methylisobutylimine, ( (dimethoxyethoxysilyl) propyl) methylisobutylimine, ( (methoxydiethoxysilyl) propyl) methylisobutylimine, ( (trimethoxysilyl) propyl) methylisopropylimine, ( (triethoxysilyl) propyl) methylisopropylimine, or any combination thereof. More preferably, the imine group-containing alkoxysilane of formula (IV) is ( (triethoxysilyl) propyl) methylisobutylimine.
[0146] The imine group-containing alkoxysilane of formula (III) or (IV) may be prepared by any technique known to one of ordinary skill in the art, or are commercially available. Examples of commercially available imine group-containing alkoxysilanes include, but not limiting to, KBE 9103 P available from Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., and Dynasylan VPS 1262 available from Evonik.
[0147] The imine group-containing alkoxysilane may be present in the 1K MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition in a total amount of 0.05-10 wt. %, preferably 0.5%-5 wt. %, more preferably 0.7-3.5 wt. %, such as 0.05 wt. %, 0.1 wt. %, 0.2 wt. %, 0.4 wt. %, 0.6 wt. %, 0.8 wt. %, 1 wt. %, 1.2 wt. %, 1.4 wt. %, 1.6 wt. %, 1.8 wt. %, 2 wt. %, 2.2 wt. %, 2.4 wt. %, 2.6 wt. %, 2.8 wt. %, 3 wt. %, 3.2 wt. %, 3.4 wt. %, 3.6 wt. %, 3.8 wt. %, 4 wt. %, 4.2 wt. %, 4.4 wt. %, 4.6 wt. %, 4.8 wt. %, 5 wt. %, 5.5 wt. %, 6 wt. %, 6.5 wt. %, 7 wt. %, 7.5 wt. %, 8 wt. %, 8.5 wt. %, 9 wt. %, 9.5 wt. %, 10 wt. %, or any ranges between two numbers listed above, based on the total weight of the curable composition.
[0148] Component (E) : Optional Epoxy Resin
[0149] The 1K MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition of the present invention may further optionally comprises (E) at least one epoxy resin.
[0150] The epoxy resin suitable for use in the present application is not particularly limited, but is preferably an aromatic epoxy resin. Examples of the epoxy resin includes, but not limiting to, bisphenol A type epoxy resins, bisphenol F type epoxy resins, biphenyl epoxy resins, naphthalene epoxy resins, diphenyl ether epoxy resins, diphenyl thioether epoxy resins, hydroquinone epoxy resins, biphenyl novolac epoxy resins, cresol novolac epoxy resins, phenol novolac epoxy resins, bisphenol A novolac epoxy resins, trisphenol epoxy resins, tetraphenylolethane epoxy resins, and any combination thereof. More preferably, the epoxy resin is a bisphenol A type epoxy resin.
[0151] The epoxy resin used herein differs from the component (B) epoxy-containing alkoxysilane and / or oligomer thereof at least in that no alkoxysilyl group is contained in the epoxy resin.
[0152] Examples of commercially available epoxy resin are, for example, D. E. R. 331 available from Olin Corporation; EPON Resin 828 available from Hexion Specialty Chemicals, Inc.; and EPICLON N-665 available from Dainippon Ink and Chemicals Inc.
[0153] The epoxy resin may be present in the 1K MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition in an amount of 0-30 wt. %, preferably 5-25 wt. %, more preferably 10-20 wt. %, particularly preferably 12-15 wt. %, such as 1 wt. %, 2 wt. %, 3 wt. %, 4 wt. %, 5 wt. %, 6 wt. %, 7 wt. %, 8 wt. %, 9 wt. %, 10 wt. %, 11 wt. %, 12 wt. %, 13 wt. %, 14 wt. %, 15 wt. %, 16 wt. %, 17 wt. %, 18 wt. %, 19 wt. %, 20 wt. %, 21 wt. %, 22 wt. %, 23 wt. %, 24 wt. %, 25 wt. %, 26 wt. %, 27 wt. %, 28 wt. %, 29 wt. %, 30 wt. %, or any ranges between two numbers listed above, based on the total weight of the curable composition.
[0154] Component (F) : Additives
[0155] The 1K MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition of the present invention may optionally further comprise one or more additives, which can impart improved properties to the composition. Useful additives include, but not limiting to, fillers, plasticizers, crosslinkers, drying agents or moisture scavengers; colour pigments or colour pastes; coupling agents, adhesion promoters; tougheners; stabilizers including UV stabilizers; antioxidants; flame retardants; rheological adjuvants; and the like. Additives may be used in such combination and proportions as desired, provided that they do not adversely affect the nature and essential properties of the curable composition.
[0156] Filler
[0157] The 1K MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition of the present invention may further comprise at least one filler, which may be organic or inorganic and may be used alone or in combination.
[0158] The desired viscosity of the curable composition may be determinative of the amount of filler used. The total amount of fillers should not prevent the composition from being readily applicable by the elected method of application to the composition to a substrate.
[0159] Broadly, there is no particular intention to limit the shape of filler particles: particles that are acicular, spherical, ellipsoidal, cylindrical, bead-like, cubic or platelet-like may be used alone or in combination. Moreover, it is envisaged that agglomerates of more than one particle type may be used. Equally, there is no particular intention to limit the size of filler particles. However, fillers typically have a volume-based average particle size (d50) , as measured by laser diffraction / scattering methods, of from 0.01 to 1,000 μm, e.g., from 1 to 500 μm.
[0160] Exemplary inorganic fillers include, but not limiting to, graphite, carbon black, calcium carbonate, calcium oxide, calcium chloride, calcium hydroxide (lime powder) , calcium sulphate, fumed silica, fused silica, amorphous silica, precipitated and / or pyrogenic silicic acid, zeolites, bentonites, wollastonite, magnesium carbonate, magnesium sulphate, diatomite, barium sulfate, barium oxide, alumina, aluminium nitride, boron nitride, clay, talc, titanium oxide, iron oxide, zinc oxide, sand, quartz, flint, mica, glass beads, glass powder, and other ground mineral substances. In addition, exemplary organic fillers include, but not limiting to, wood fibers, wood flour, sawdust, cellulose, cotton, pulp, cotton, wood chips, chopped straw, chaff, ground walnut shells, and other chopped fibers: poly (tetrachloroethylene) , poly (chlorotrifluoroethylene) and poly (vinylidene chloride) powders may also be used. Short fibers such as glass fibers, glass filament, polyacrylonitrile, carbon fibers, Kevlar fibers, or polyethylene fibers may also be added.
[0161] Examples of commercially available fillers include, but not limiting to, Socal 322, available from Imerys carbonates; Aerosil R 812 S, Aerosil R 202, and Aerosil R 974, available from Evonik; OMYACARB FT -FL available from Omya, Inc.; and the like.
[0162] The filler may be present in the 1K MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition in an amount of 0-75 wt. %, preferably 20-70 wt. %, more preferably 30-60 wt. %, particularly preferably 40-55 wt. %, such as 0 wt. %, 5 wt. %, 10 wt. %, 15 wt. %, 20 wt. %, 25 wt. %, 30 wt. %, 35 wt. %, 40 wt. %, 45 wt. %, 50 wt. %, 55 wt. %, 60 wt. %, 65 wt. %, 70 wt. %, 75 wt. %, or any ranges between two numbers listed above, based on the total weight of the curable composition.
[0163] Plasticizer
[0164] The plasticizer may be optionally contained in the 1K MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition of the present invention for decreasing the viscosity of the composition and facilitating the processability thereof. The plasticizer may constitute up to 10 wt. %, based on the total weight of the curable composition. Examples of the plasticizers suitable for use in the present invention include, but not limiting to: diurethanes; ethers of monofunctional, linear or branched C4-C16 alcohols; esters of abietic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, butyric acid, thiobutyric acid, acetic acid, propionic acid esters and citric acid; esters based on nitrocellulose and polyvinyl acetate; fatty acid esters; dicarboxylic acid esters; esters of OH-group-carrying or epoxidized fatty acids; glycolic acid esters; benzoic acid esters; phosphoric acid esters; sulfonic acid esters; trimellitic acid esters; polyether plasticizers, such as end-capped polyethylene or polypropylene glycols; polystyrene; hydrocarbon plasticizers; chlorinated paraffin; and any combination thereof. The phthalic acid esters in principle can be used as the plasticizer, but are not preferred due to their toxicological potential.
[0165] Examples of commercially available plasticizer include, but not limiting to, Mesamoll Plasticizers, an alkylsulphonic acid ester with phenol, available from Lanxess.
[0166] Crosslinker
[0167] The 1K MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition of the present invention may further optionally comprise at least one crosslinker.
[0168] The crosslinker suitable for use in the present invention include, for example, some organosilicon compounds, which refer to a silane containing two or more silicon functional groups and can act as a bridge between linear molecules, so that multiple linear molecules or slightly branched macromolecules and polymers can be bonded and crosslinked to form a three-dimensional network.
[0169] Preferably, the crosslinker suitable for use in the present invention may comprise at least one group of -Si (OR2) aR3 (3-a) , wherein R2, R3 and the index a have the same definitions as those in formula (II) .
[0170] Preferably, the crosslinkers suitable for use in the present invention may include, but not limiting to: methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, γ-methacryloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, p-styryltrimethoxysilane, γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-methacryloxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, γ-methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane, γ-acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 1, 4-bis (triethoxysilyl) benzene, bis (triethoxysilyl) ethane, 1, 6-bis (trimethoxysilyl) hexane, 1, 8-bis (triethoxysilyl) octane, 1, 2-bis (trimethoxysilyl) decane, hexyltrimethoxysilane, and the like.
[0171] The crosslinker may be present in the 1K MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition in an total amount of 0-15 wt. %, preferably 0.5-15 wt. %, more preferably 1.5-10 wt. %, especially preferably 2.5-7 wt. %, such as 0 wt. %, 0.5 wt. %, 1 wt. %, 1.5 wt. %, 2 wt. %, 2.5 wt. %, 3 wt. %, 3.5 wt. %, 4 wt. %, 4.5 wt. %, 5 wt. %, 5.5 wt. %, 6 wt. %, 6.5 wt. %, 7 wt. %, 7.5 wt. %, 8 wt. %, 8.5 wt.%, 9 wt. %, 9.5 wt. %, 10 wt. %, 10.5 wt. %, 11 wt. %, 11.5 wt. %, 12 wt. %, 12.5 wt. %, 13 wt. %, 13.5 wt. %, 14 wt. %, 14.5 wt. %, 15 wt. %, or any ranges between two numbers listed above, based on the total weight of the curable composition.
[0172] Other Additives
[0173] The colour pigments or colour pastes suitable for use in the present invention include, but not limiting to, carbon blacks, such as LB-1011C carbon black available from Williams; chromium oxide pigments, such as Harcros G-6099; titanium dioxides, such as those available from DuPont; gray pigment pastes; and blue pigment pastes.
[0174] The drying agents or moisture scavengers, which may ensure the storage stability of the curable composition, may be exemplified as vinylsilanes, such as 3-vinylpropyltriethoxysilane; oxime silanes, such as methyl-O, O’, O” -butan-2-onetrioximosilane and O, O’, O” , O” ’-butan-2-one-tetraoximosilane; benzamidosilanes, such as bis (N-methylbenzamido) methylethoxy-silane; or carbamatosilanes, such as carbamatomethyltrimethoxysilane. In addition, methyltrimethoxysilane, ethyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, tetramethylethoxysilane or tetraethyl-ethoxysilane may also be used.
[0175] The stabilizers may include antioxidants, UV stabilizers, thermal stabilizers or hydrolysis stabilizers. Examples of commercially available stabilizers include, but not limiting to, sterically hindered phenols; benzotriazoles; benzophenones; benzoates; cyanoacrylates; acrylates; phosphorus; sulfur; and any combination thereof.
[0176] Process for Preparing 1K MS / Epoxy Hybrid Curable Composition
[0177] As is known in the art, to form an adhesive or sealant composition, the ingredients of the composition are brought together and homogeneously mixed under conditions which inhibit or prevent the reactive components from reacting, and such conditions would be readily comprehended by the skilled artisan.
[0178] In another aspect, the present invention is directed to a process for preparing the 1K MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition according to the present invention, comprising:
[0179] (a) charging an alkoxysilyl-terminated polyether polymer, an epoxy-containing alkoxysilane and / or oligomer thereof, an optional epoxy resin, and an optional additive, such as a filler and / or a plasticizer, into a mixing system under vacuum and stirring to form a mixture;
[0180] (b) heating the mixture to a temperature of 110 to 130 ℃ to remove water;
[0181] (c) cooling the mixture to a temperature below 50℃ under an anhydrous headspace or vacuum;
[0182] (d) adding an imine group-containing alkoxysilane and an optional crosslinker to the mixture; and
[0183] (e) adding a moisture curing catalyst to the mixture, and mixing under an anhydrous headspace until being uniformly dispersed.
[0184] Process for Bonding Substrates
[0185] In still another aspect, the present invention is directed to a process for bonding substrates, comprising:
[0186] (i) applying the 1K MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition according to the present invention onto one or both of the substrates;
[0187] (ii) laminating the substrates to form an assembly;
[0188] (iii) solidifying the composition disposed between the substrates by any of: i) a heat curing and a subsequent moisture curing, ii) only a moisture curing, and iii) a moisture curing and a subsequent heat curing.
[0189] The 1K MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition according to the present invention can be applied to the substrate (s) by any technique known to one of ordinary skill in the art. For example, the 1K MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition according to the present invention may be coated under pressure onto a surface of a substrate following a predetermined route utilizing an automatic dispensing system. Subsequently, another substrate is laminated onto the composition, and if necessary, the height difference between two substrates can be controlled by a dispenser. The composition may be cured using any of those three manners defined in step (iii) above. As such, the operator may choose the curing manners as per different application scenarios, resulting in an increased flexibility in use.
[0190] Cured Product of 1K MS / Epoxy Hybrid Curable Composition
[0191] In yet another aspect, the present invention is directed to a cured product of the 1K MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition according to the present invention or prepared by the process of the present invention. The cured product exhibits an improved tensile strength while maintaining an acceptable elongation property.
[0192] Use of 1K MS / Epoxy Hybrid Curable Composition
[0193] In yet still another aspect, the present invention is directed to use of the 1K MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition according to the present invention or prepared by the process according to the present invention for joining, casting, moulding, binding, sealing or coating on one or more substrates, preferably as an adhesive or a sealant.Examples
[0194] The present invention will now be described by way of the following examples, which are intended to assist one of ordinary skill in the art to better understand and practice the present invention. The scope of the present invention is not limited by these examples, but is defined in the appended claims.
[0195] In the following examples, the notation “Ex. ” denotes an Example in accordance with the present invention, and the notation “CEx. ” denotes a Comparative Example.
[0196] Materials
[0197] The following materials were used in the following Examples:
[0198] Component (A) : Alkoxysilyl-Terminated Polyether Polymer
[0199] ‐ KANEKA MS POLYMERTM S303H, a dimethoxymethylsilane polyether polymer comprising a dimethoxymethylsilyl group on both terminals, with a Mn of about 22,000 daltons, available from Kaneka Corporation.
[0200] Component (B) : Epoxy-Containing Alkoxysilane and / or Oligomer Thereof
[0201] ‐ Silquest A-187, γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, available from Momentive Performance Materials Inc.
[0202] Component (C) : Moisture Curing catalyst
[0203] ‐ FOMREZ UL-38, bis (neodecanoyloxy) dioctylstannane, available from Momentive Performance Materials Inc.
[0204] Component (D) : Imine Group-Containing Alkoxysilane
[0205] ‐ Dynasylan VPS 1262, ( (triethoxysilyl) propyl) methylisobutylimine, available from Evonik;
[0206] ‐ GCF, N, N, N’, N’-tetramethyl-N” - [3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl] guanidine, with a CAS No. of 69709-01-9.
[0207] Component (E) : Optional Epoxy Resin
[0208] ‐ EPON Resin 828, an undiluted clear difunctional bisphenol A / epichlorohydrin derived liquid epoxy resin, available from Hexion Specialty Chemicals, Inc.
[0209] Filler
[0210] ‐ Aerosil R 974, a hydrophobic fumed silica, available from Evonik;
[0211] ‐ Socal 322, precipitated calcium carbonate, available from Imerys Carbonates;
[0212] ‐ OMYACARB FT -FL, calcium carbonate, available from Omya, Inc.
[0213] Plasticizer
[0214] - Mesamoll Plasticizers, alkylsulphonic acid ester with phenol (ASE) , available from LANXESS.
[0215] Test Methods
[0216] The following tests were performed in the Examples.
[0217] Tensile Strength &Elongation at Break Tests
[0218] Tensile strength and elongation at break were measured according to ASTM D412 using dumbbell specimens. The tensile strength and elongation at break were tested for the cured products solidified using three curing manners:
[0219] ‐ Curing Manner 1: heat curing at 85℃, 85%relative humidity (RH) for 1 hour, and then moisture curing at 23℃, 50%RH for 7 days;
[0220] ‐ Curing Manner 2: only moisture curing at 23℃, 50%RH for 7 days; and
[0221] ‐ Curing Manner 3: moisture curing at 23℃, 50%RH for 7 days, and then heat curing at 150℃ for 1 hour.
[0222] Inventive Examples 1-5 &Comparative Example 1
[0223] The compositions of Inventive Examples 1-5 and Comparative Example 1 were prepared using the materials and the proportions thereof listed in Table 1 according to the process for preparing the 1K MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition as described above. The amounts shown in Table 1 are in parts by weight.
[0224] Table 1. Compositions of Curable Compositions
[0225] These curable compositions were tested according to the test methods as described above. The test results were shown in Table 2 below.
[0226] Table 2. Test Results
[0227] The composition of Comparative Example 1 contains no imine group-containing alkoxysilane, while compositions of Inventive Examples 1-5 contain all of the components as defined above. As shown in the test results, in the case of the same curing manner, as compared with Comparative Example 1, all of Inventive Examples 1-5 yielded the cured products, which exhibit an improved tensile strength while maintaining an acceptable elongation at break (i.e., greater than 70%) . Such a better technical effect is especially unexpected from the comparison between Inventive Examples 1-5 and Comparative Example 1 when using only moisture curing manner.
[0228] In addition, as shown, the compositions of Inventive Examples 1-5 can be cured using a moisture curing mechanism alone, or using a combination of a moisture curing mechanism and a heat curing mechanism in an arbitrary order (i.e., either first cured by moisture and subsequently cured by heat, or first cured by heat and subsequently cured by moisture) , thereby improving the flexibility in use. Especially, in the curing manner 1, the heat curing was performed at 85℃, which was a relatively low curing temperature, and an improved tensile strength was achieved.
[0229] Although some preferred embodiments have been described, many modifications and variations may be made thereto in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described without departing from the scope of the appended claims.
Claims
1.A one-part (1 K) MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition, comprising:(A) at least one alkoxysilyl-terminated polyether polymer;(B) at least one epoxy-containing alkoxysilane and / or oligomer thereof;(C) at least one moisture curing catalyst;(D) at least one imine group-containing alkoxysilane of formula (III) or (IV) :in which:- R4, R5, R6, R7, R8 and R9 are same or different, and each independently represents C1-C20 alkyl, preferably C1-C12 alkyl, more preferably C1-C6 alkyl, most preferably C1-C3 alkyl;- Q is a linear or branched C1-C20 alkylene, preferably C1-C12 alkylene, more preferably C1-C6 alkylene, most preferably C1-C3 alkylene; and- b is 1, 2 or 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3,in which:- R10 and R11 are same or different, and each independently represents C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl or C6-C20 aryl, preferably C1-C12 alkyl, C2-C12 alkenyl or C6-C12 aryl, more preferably C1-C6 alkyl;- M is a linear or branched divalent linking group selected from a group consisting of C1-C20 alkylene, C6-C20 arylene, C7-C22 aralkylene, C7-C22 alkarylene and any combination thereof, preferably a group consisting of C1-C12 alkylene, C6-C12 arylene, C7-C12 aralkylene, C7-C12 alkarylene and any combination thereof, more preferably C1-C6 alkylene, most preferably C1-C3 alkylene;- R12 and R13 each independently represents C1-C20 alkyl, preferably C1-C12 alkyl, more preferably C1-C6 alkyl, most preferably C1-C3 alkyl; and- c is 1, 2 or 3, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 3, and(E) optionally at least one epoxy resin.2.The composition according to claim 1,wherein the alkoxysilyl-terminated polyether polymer is a polymer having a polyether backbone and an alkoxysilyl group, represented by formula (I) , at both terminals:*-Si (ORa) m (Rb) 3-m (I)in which:- *represents a position bonded to the polyether backbone;- Ra each independently represents C1-C20 alkyl, preferably C1-C12 alkyl, more preferably C1-C6 alkyl, most preferably C1-C3 alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl and propyl;- Rb each independently represents C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl or C6-C20 aryl, preferably C1-C12 alkyl, C2-C12 alkenyl or C6-C12 aryl, more preferably C1-C6 alkyl, most preferably C1-C3 alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl and propyl; and- m is an integer from 2 or 3, more preferably 3, and / orwherein the alkoxysilyl-terminated polyether polymer is present in an amount of 10-70 wt. %, preferably 20-50 wt. %, more preferably 25-45 wt. %, based on the total weight of the curable composition.3.The composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the component (B) is at least one epoxy-containing alkoxysilane of formula (II) and / or oligomer thereof: R1-L-Si (OR2) aR3 (3-a) (II)in which:- R1 represents an epoxy group, a glycidyloxy group or an epoxy (C3-C20 cycloalkyl) , preferably an epoxy group, a glycidyloxy group or an epoxy (C3-C12 cycloalkyl) , more preferably an epoxy group, a glycidyloxy group or an epoxycyclohexyl;- L is a linear or branched divalent linking group selected from a group consisting of C1-C20 alkylene, C6-C20 arylene, C7-C22 aralkylene, C7-C22 alkarylene and any combination thereof, preferably a group consisting of C1-C12 alkylene, C6-C12 arylene, C7-C12 aralkylene, C7-C12 alkarylene and any combination thereof, more preferably C1-C6 alkylene, most preferably C1-C3 alkylene;- R2 each independently represents C1-C20 alkyl, preferably C1-C12 alkyl, more preferably C1-C6 alkyl, most preferably C1-C3 alkyl;- R3 each independently represents C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl or C6-C20 aryl, preferably C1-C12 alkyl, C2-C12 alkenyl or C6-C12 aryl, more preferably C1-C6 alkyl, most preferably C1-C3 alkyl; and- a is 2 or 3, preferably 3.4.The composition according to claim 3, wherein the oligomer of the epoxy-containing alkoxysilane is represented by formula (II’) : in which:‐ R1 and L, independently from each other, have the same definitions as in formula (II) ;‐ R2 each dependently has the same definitions as in formula (II) ; and‐ t is an integer from 2 to 100, preferably from 3 to 50, more preferably from 3 to 11.5.The composition according to any of preceding claims,wherein the component (B) is selected from a group consisting of 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyldimethoxyethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropylmethoxydiethoxysilane, β- (3, 4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxyethyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxyethyltriethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxymethyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxymethyltriethoxysilane and any combination thereof, and / or oligomer thereof; preferably, the component (B) is 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane and / or oligomer thereof; and / orwherein the component (B) is present in an amount of 1-20 wt. %, preferably 2-15 wt. %, more preferably 2.5-10 wt. %, based on the total weight of the curable composition.6.The composition according to any of preceding claims,wherein the moisture curing catalyst is a compound of tin, titanium, zirconium, lead, iron, cobalt, antimony, manganese, bismuth or zinc, preferably a tin compound, more preferably one or more tin compounds selected from a group consisting of dimethyldineodecanoatetin, dibutyltindilaurate, dibutyltindiacetate, dibutyltindimethoxide, tinoctoate, isobutyltintriceroate, dibutyltinoxide, solubilized dibutyl tin oxide, dibutyltin bis diisooctylphthalate, bis-tripropoxysilyl dioctyltin, dibutyltin bis-acetylacetone, silylated dibutyltin dioxide, carbomethoxyphenyl tin tris-uberate, isobutyltin triceroate, dimethyltin dibutyrate, dimethyltin di-neodecanoate, triethyltin tartarate, dibutyltin dibenzoate, tin oleate, tin naphthenate, butyltintri-2-ethylhexylhexoate, tinbutyrate, dioctyltin didecylmercaptide, bis (neodecanoyloxy) dioctylstannane and dimethylbis (oleoyloxy) stannane, most preferably bis (neodecanoyloxy) dioctylstannane; and / orwherein the moisture curing catalyst is present in a total amount of 0.01-5 wt. %, preferably 0.1-3 wt. %, more preferably 0.5-1.5 wt. %, based on the total weight of the curable composition.7.The composition according to any of preceding claims,wherein the imine group-containing alkoxysilane of formula (III) includes N, N, N’, N’-tetramethyl-N”- [3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl] guanidine, N, N, N’, N’-tetramethyl-N”- [3- (triethoxysilyl) propyl] -guanidine, N, N, N’, N’-tetramethyl-N”- [3- (dimethylmethoxysilyl) propyl] guanidine, N, N, N’, N’-tetramethyl-N”- [3- (methyldimethoxysilyl) propyl] guanidine, N, N, N’, N’-tetramethyl-N”- [3- (dimethoxyethoxysilyl) propyl] guanidine, N, N, N’, N’-tetramethyl-N”- [3- (methoxydiethoxysilyl) -propyl] guanidine, or any combination thereof; more preferably N, N, N’, N’-tetramethyl-N”- [3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl] guanidine, and / orwherein the imine group-containing alkoxysilane of formula (IV) includes ( (trimethoxysilyl) propyl) methylisobutylimine, ( (triethoxysilyl) propyl) methylisobutylimine, ( (methyldimethoxysilyl) propyl) methylisobutylimine, ( (ethyldimethoxysilyl) propyl) methylisobutylimine, ( (dimethoxyethoxysilyl) propyl) methylisobutylimine, ( (methoxydiethoxysilyl) propyl) methylisobutylimine, ( (trimethoxysilyl) propyl) methylisopropylimine, ( (triethoxysilyl) propyl) methylisopropylimine, or any combination thereof; more preferably ( (triethoxysilyl) propyl) methylisobutylimine, and / orwherein the imine group-containing alkoxysilane is present in an amount of 0.05-10 wt. %, preferably 0.5%-5 wt. %, more preferably 0.7-3.5 wt. %, based on the total weight of the curable composition.8.The composition according to any of preceding claims,wherein the epoxy resin is an aromatic epoxy resin; preferably, the epoxy resin is selected from a bisphenol A type epoxy resin, a bisphenol F type epoxy resin, a biphenyl epoxy resin, a naphthalene epoxy resin, a diphenyl ether epoxy resin, a diphenyl thioether epoxy resin, a hydroquinone epoxy resin, a biphenyl novolac epoxy resin, a cresol novolac epoxy resin, a phenol novolac epoxy resin, a bisphenol A novolac epoxy resin, a trisphenol epoxy resin, a tetraphenylolethane epoxy resin, and any combination thereof; more preferably, the epoxy resin is a bisphenol A type epoxy resin; and / orwherein the epoxy resin is present in an amount of 0-30 wt. %, preferably 5-25 wt. %, more preferably 10-20 wt. %, particularly preferably 12-15 wt. %, based on the total weight of the curable composition.9.The composition according to any of preceding claims, wherein the composition further comprises one or more additives selected from a group consisting of fillers, plasticizers, crosslinkers, drying agents or moisture scavengers, coupling agents, colour pigments or colour pastes, adhesion promoters, tougheners, plasticizers, stabilizers including UV stabilizers, antioxidants, flame retardants, rheological adjuvants, and any combination thereof; preferably fillers and / or plasticizers.10.A process for preparing the one-part (1 K) MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition according to any of claims 1 to 9, comprising:(a) charging the alkoxysilyl-terminated polyether polymer, the epoxy-containing alkoxysilane and / or oligomer thereof, the optional epoxy resin, and an optional additive, such as a filler and / or a plasticizer, into a mixing system under vacuum and stirring to form a mixture;(b) heating the mixture to a temperature of 110 to 130℃ to remove water;(c) cooling the mixture to a temperature below 50℃ under an anhydrous headspace or vacuum;(d) adding the imine group-containing alkoxysilane and an optional crosslinker to the mixture; and(e) adding the moisture curing catalyst to the mixture, and mixing under an anhydrous headspace until being uniformly dispersed.11.The process according to claim 10, wherein the crosslinker is selected from methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, γ-methacryloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, p-styryltrimethoxysilane, γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-methacryloxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, γ-methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane, γ-acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 1, 4-bis (triethoxysilyl) benzene, bis (triethoxysilyl) ethane, 1, 6-bis (trimethoxysilyl) hexane, 1, 8-bis (triethoxysilyl) octane, 1, 2-bis (trimethoxysilyl) decane and hexyltrimethoxysilane.12.A cured product of the one-part (1 K) MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition according to any of claims 1 to 9 or prepared by the process according to claim 10 or 11.13.A process for bonding substrates, comprising:(i) applying the one-part (1 K) MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition according to any of claims 1 to 9 or prepared by the process according to claim 10 or 11 onto one or both of the substrates;(ii) laminating the substrates to form an assembly;(iii) solidifying the composition disposed between the substrates by any of: i) a heat curing and a subsequent moisture curing, ii) only a moisture curing, and iii) a moisture curing and a subsequent heat curing.14.An article bonded or sealed using the one-part (1 K) MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition according to any of claims 1 to 9 or prepared by the process according to claim 10 or 11.15.Use of the one-part (1 K) MS / epoxy hybrid curable composition according to any of claims 1 to 9 or prepared by the process according to claim 10 or 11 for joining, casting, moulding, binding, sealing or coating on one or more substrates, preferably as an adhesive or a sealant.
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