Composite profile and window or door frame comprising same

Abstract

The present invention relates to a composite profile (100) for producing frames for windows or doors, the composite profile comprising (a) an inner profile (10); and (b) a weather-side outer wall reinforcement (30) fastened to the outer side of the weather-side outer wall (11) of the inner profile (10). According to the invention, the composite profile (100) is characterized in that the weather-side outer wall reinforcement (30) is designed as a reinforcement profile made of a plastics matrix and reinforcement fibers embedded into the plastics matrix. The present invention also relates to a window or door frame formed from portions of a composite profile (100).

Description

It may also be useful in this regard if the plastic material of the core profile is a polyamide material and the thermoplastic plastic material of the sheath profile compatible with the plastic material of the core profile is a blend of a polyamide material and an acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate terpolymer (ASA). The polyamide of the core profile is particularly preferably selected from the group comprising polyamide 6 (PA 6), polyamide 6.6 (PA 6.6), polyamide 6.10 (PA 6.10), polyamide 4.6 (PA 4.6), polyamide 12 (PA 12), and blends of the aforementioned polyamides. Polyamide 6 is particularly preferred because of its good availability. The thermoplastic plastic material of the sheath profile compatible with the plastic material of the core profile is likewise preferably selected from the group comprising polyamide 6 (PA 6), polyamide 6.6 (PA 6.6), polyamide 6.10 (PA 6.10), polyamide 4.6 (PA 4.6), polyamide 12 (PA 12), and blends of the aforementioned polyamides with one another and with other polymers or copolymers, in particular acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymers (ABS) and acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate terpolymers (ASA), wherein blends of the polyamides with an acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate terpolymer (ASA) are preferred because of the resulting good weather resistance. Preferably, the polyamide of the core profile is also used as the thermoplastic plastic material of the sheath profile. In particularly preferred embodiments of the window or door hollowchamber profile according to the invention, polyamide 6 is used as the polyamide of the core profile and a blend of polyamide 6 and an acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate terpolymer is used as the thermoplastic plastic material of the sheath profile. It may also be advantageous if the weather-side outer-wall reinforcement and / or the room-side outer-wall reinforcement comprises / comprise a core profile made of a plastic material and a sheath profile which at least partially encases the core profile, wherein the sheath profile is configured as a powder coating. A corresponding powder coating provides good weather resistance of the composite profile according to the invention. A particularly well-adhering powder coating is obtained if the core profile is electrically conductive or electrostatically conductive at least at its surface. It has proved sufficient in this regard if the surface resistance of the core profile in accordance with DIN EN 62631-3-2:2016-10 is at most 108 Q, preferably at most 106 Q. This can preferably be achieved in that the plastic material of the core profile or an outer layer of the core profile contains electrically conductive particles in a proportion of 10 wt.% to 60 wt.%, based on the weight of the core profile as 100 wt.%. Electrically conductive particles may be metallic in nature (copper, aluminum and the like) or organic in nature (graphite, carbon black, graphene and the like). As an alternative to pigment-form fillers, electrically conductive fibers may be used (for example carbon fibers or metal wires and the like). Expediently, the reinforcing fibers are configured as glass fibers and / or carbon fibers and / or aramid fibers and / or basalt fibers, although other fiber materials are not excluded. According to the invention, however, the use of glass fibers as reinforcing fibers contained in the plastic matrix is preferred. Within the scope of the invention, it is preferred in this regard to use short glass fibers having a fiber length in the range of 0.1 mm to 5 mm, long glass fibers having a fiber length in the range of 5 mm to 50 mm and / or continuous glass fibers having a length of more than 50 mm, individually or in combination. While, when short and long glass fibers are used, the weather-side outer-wall reinforcement and / or the room-side outer-wall reinforcement is / are preferably produced by extrusion or coextrusion, the production of the weather-side outer-wall reinforcement and / or the room-side outer-wall reinforcement by means of reactive pultrusion is best suited when continuous glass fibers are used. When short glass fibers are used, it may also be advantageous if the mean fiber length of the reinforcing fibers is in the range of 1.5 mm to 3.2 mm. A mean length of the glass fibers in this range results in high mechanical stability of a composite profile according to the invention both in the longitudinal direction and perpendicular thereto. In this connection, a mean fiber length in a range of 2.5 mm to 3.0 mm has proved particularly suitable. According to the invention, the use of continuous glass fibers is particularly preferred. When continuous glass fibers are used, the highest stiffness and strength values are achieved, with a modulus of elasticity in accordance with DIN EN ISO 527-4:2022-03 of up to 70,000 N / mm2 in the longitudinal direction of the profile. It may be preferred if the reinforcing fibers are contained in the weather-side outerwall reinforcement and / or the room-side outer-wall reinforcement in an amount of 20 wt.% to 80 wt.%, based on the weight of the respective outer-wall reinforcement. If the weight fraction of the reinforcing fibers in the core profile lies within the range of 20 wt.% to 80 wt.%, based on the weight of the respective outer-wall reinforcement, excellent moduli of elasticity in accordance with DIN EN ISO 527-4:2022-03 are achieved. In this connection, it is preferred if the weight fraction of the reinforcing fibers in the core profile lies within the range of 25 wt.% to 60 wt.%, based on the weight of the core profile. It may also be advantageous if the composite profile according to the invention has a modulus of elasticity in accordance with DIN EN ISO 527-4:2022-03 in the range of 7,000 N / mm2 to 70,000 N / mm2 in the longitudinal direction of the profile. All plastic materials in the composite profile according to the invention may also be used in the form of materials obtained through a recycling process. In particular, it is preferred that a recycled polyamide is contained in the inner profile. Additionally or alternatively, "virgin," that is to say non-recycled, polymer material may also be used in the sheath profile. The weather-side outer wall of the weather-side outer-wall reinforcement and / or the room-side outer wall of the room-side outer-wall reinforcement may preferably be dark-colored and / or provided with a dark film, paint or coating and / or coextruded with a dark layer. Owing to the high mechanical stability of the outer-wall reinforcements, the problem of profile deformation at high temperatures in the case of dark outer walls can be effectively compensated for. As used herein, the term "dark" means that more than 50%, preferably more than 60%, of the perpendicularly incident sunlight, in each case including the relevant IR range, is absorbed as a result of the dark coloration. The weather-side outer-wall reinforcement and the room-side outer-wall reinforcement can particularly preferably be produced in a manner known per se by (co-)extrusion of the core profile and the sheath profile. The statements relating to the composite profile according to the invention apply correspondingly to the window or door frame according to the invention. To produce a window or door frame according to the invention, the composite profile according to the invention is miter-cut, and miter-cut sections are joined in a manner known per se by corner connectors or weldable corner connectors to form a frame. Alternatively, in the case of miter-cut sections, it is also possible to mill back the weather-side outer-wall reinforcement and / or the room-side outer-wall reinforcement to some extent and to weld the miter faces of the inner profiles to one another so as to form a window or door frame according to the invention. The window or door frame according to the invention, the composite profile according to the invention and individual parts thereof may also be produced line by line or layer by layer using a line-building or layer-building manufacturing process (e.g. 3D printing); however, production by means of (co-)extrusion (including pultrusion) is preferred. The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the figures. In the figures: Figure 1     shows a cross-sectional representation of a composite profile configured as a window sash profile according to one embodiment of the present invention; and Figure 2     shows a cross-sectional representation of a composite profile likewise configured as a window sash profile according to a further embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 shows, in a cross-sectional representation, an embodiment of the composite profile 100 according to the invention using the example of a sash profile for a composite window. The composite profile 1 according to the invention comprises. According to the invention, the composite profile for producing frames for windows or doors comprises an inner profile 10 and a weather-side outer-wall reinforcement 30 fastened to the outside of the weather-side outer wall 20 of the inner profile 10. The composite profile 100 according to the invention further also comprises a room-side outer-wall reinforcement 35, which is fastened to the outside of the room-side outer wall 25 of the inner profile 10. According to the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 1, the inner profile 10 is configured as a plastic hollow profile 10 having a plurality of hollow chambers 60, wherein rigid PVC (PVC-U) with corresponding additives is used as the plastic material of the inner profile 10. Centrally, the inner profile 10 has a main hollow chamber 61 or reinforcing chamber, into which a reinforcing element, in particular a corresponding steel reinforcement, can be received, which, if required, further increases the mechanical stability of a window or door frame formed from the composite profile 100 according to the invention. However, the mechanical stability of the composite profile 100 according to the invention alone, that is to say without an additional reinforcing element, is sufficient to form large window or door frames. Furthermore, in the embodiment of the composite profile 100 according to the invention illustrated in Fig. 1, the plastic matrix of both the weather-side outer-wall reinforcement 30 and the room-side outer-wall reinforcement 35 is formed from a polyamide material by means of reactive pultrusion, into which continuous glass fibers are embedded by the pultrusion in a weight fraction of 60 wt.%, based on the total weight of the respective outer-wall reinforcement 30, 35. Polyamide 6 is used in this embodiment. For fastening the outer-wall reinforcements 30, 35 to the inner profile 10, the weather-side outer-wall reinforcement 30 has two latching elements 32, 34 which engage in corresponding fastening grooves on the weather-side outer wall 11 of the inner profile 10. By contrast, the room-side outer-wall reinforcement 35 has one latching element 36 which engages in a fastening groove on the room-side outer wall 21 of the inner profile 10. In addition, the inner profile 10 comprises, on its room-side outer wall 21, a further latching element 22 which engages in a corresponding fastening groove on the room-side outer-wall reinforcement 35. The respective fastening forms an additional hollow chamber 62, 63 between the weather-side outer-wall reinforcement 30 and the weather-side outer wall 11 of the inner profile 10 and between the room-side outer-wall reinforcement 35 and the room-side outer wall 21 of the inner profile 10, respectively, which further improves the thermal-insulation properties of the composite profile 100 according to the invention. Thus, the inner profile 10, the weather-side outer-wall reinforcement 30 and the room-side outer-wall reinforcement 35 are each open profiles. Fig. 2 shows a further embodiment of the composite profile 100 according to the invention. In order to avoid repetitions, only differences from the embodiment of the composite profile 100 illustrated in Fig. 1 will therefore be described below. The statements relating to Fig. 1 apply correspondingly to the embodiment according to Fig. 2. Identical elements are identified in the figures by identical reference signs. Fig. 2 likewise shows, in a cross-sectional representation, a further embodiment of the composite profile 100 according to the invention using the example of a sash profile for a plastic window. The embodiment illustrated in Fig. 2 differs from the embodiment described with respect to Fig. 1 primarily with regard to the fastening of the weather-side outer-wall reinforcement 30 and the room-side outer-wall reinforcement 35 to the inner profile 10, which in each case is effected by material bonding by adhesive bonding with a suitable liquid adhesive. For this purpose, the walls of the weather-side outer-wall reinforcement 30 and of the room-side outer-wall reinforcement 35 facing the inner profile 10 are smooth. Likewise, the weather-side outer wall 11 and the room-side outer wall 21 are smooth, so that a large adhesive surface is available in each case between the inner profile and the outer-wall reinforcements 30, 35. Alternatively, the weather-side outer wall 11 of the inner profile 10 may also be welded to the weather-side outer-wall reinforcement 30, and the room-side outer wall 21 may also be welded to the room-side outer-wall reinforcement 35. Large surfaces for welding are likewise available in each case for this purpose. In order to improve the thermal-insulation properties of the composite profile 100 according to the invention, both the weather-side outer-wall reinforcement 30 and the room-side outer-wall reinforcement 35 each have an additional hollow chamber 62, 63. In the embodiment of the composite profile 100 according to the invention illustrated in Fig. 2, the inner profile 10, the weather-side outer-wall reinforcement 30 and the room-side outer-wall reinforcement 35 are each closed profiles. The present invention has been described by way of example with reference to composite profiles for the sash frame of a window having an inner profile configured as a plastic hollow-chamber profile. It is understood that the present invention is also correspondingly applicable to other window or door profiles, in particular mullion 5 profiles, fixed-frame profiles for a window and fixed-frame, door-frame or sash-frame profiles of a door, including with profile types other than the inner profile. - Claims -

Claims

1. Composite profile (100) for producing frames for windows or doors, comprising(a) an inner profile (10); and(b) a weather-side outer-wall reinforcement (30) fastened to the outside of the weather-side outer wall (11) of the inner profile (10),characterized in thatthe weather-side outer-wall reinforcement (30) is configured as a reinforcing profile made of a plastic matrix and reinforcing fibers embedded in the plastic matrix.

2. Composite profile (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the innerprofile (10) is configured as a plastic hollow profile (10) having a plurality of hollow chambers (60), as an aluminum profile, a thermally broken aluminum profile or as a wood profile.

3. Composite profile (100) according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in thatthe composite profile (100) further comprises a room-side outer-wall reinforcement (35) fastened to the outside of the room-side outer wall (21) of the inner hollow profile (10).

4. Composite profile (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized inthat the plastic matrix of the weather-side outer-wall reinforcement (30) and / or of the room-side outer-wall reinforcement (35) is formed from a polyamide material, a polyvinyl chloride material, a poly(meth)acrylate material, a polyester material or a copolymer or blend of the stated materials.

5. Composite profile (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized inthat the weather-side outer-wall reinforcement (30) and / or the room-side outerwall reinforcement (35) is / are materially bonded to the inner profile (10), in particular adhesively bonded or welded.

6. Composite profile (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized inthat the weather-side outer-wall reinforcement (30) and / or the room-side outerwall reinforcement (35) comprises at least one latching element (32, 34, 36) which is engaged with a fastening groove of the inner profile (10).

7. Composite profile (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized inthat the weather-side outer-wall reinforcement (30) and / or the room-side outerwall reinforcement (35) comprises / comprise a core profile made of a plastic material and a sheath profile which at least partially encases the core profile and is made of a thermoplastic plastic material compatible with the plastic material of the core profile (30).

8. Composite profile (100) according to claim 7, characterized in that the plasticmaterial of the core profile is a polyamide material and the thermoplastic plastic material of the sheath profile compatible with the plastic material of the core profile is a blend of a polyamide material and an acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate terpolymer (ASA).

9. Composite profile (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized inthat the weather-side outer-wall reinforcement (30) and / or the room-side outerwall reinforcement (35) comprises / comprise a core profile made of a plastic material and a sheath profile which at least partially encases the core profile, wherein the sheath profile is configured as a powder coating.

10. Composite profile (100) according to claim 9, characterized in that the surface resistance of the core profile (30) in accordance with DIN EN 62631-3-2:201610 is at most 108 Q.

11. Composite profile (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the reinforcing fibers are configured as glass fibers and / or carbon fibers and / or aramid fibers and / or basalt fibers.

12. Window or door frame formed from sections of a composite profile (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

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