A method and system for detecting dangerous sources

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and system for detecting dangerous sources, the method comprising: obtaining spectral image data of different bands in a preset protection area space; obtaining characteristic parameters of one or more dangerous sources in the preset protection area space according to the calculated difference or change in the spectral image data of different bands; triggering an alarm after the one or more characteristic parameters are greater than or equal to a preset threshold and last for a preset time, the characteristic parameters including: concentration, dimming rate, temperature and / or temperature difference of the dangerous source. The method can realize long-distance and large-scale monitoring and early warning of one or more dangerous sources by analyzing and processing the spectral image data of different bands in the dangerous source area space, reducing the incidence of catastrophic events caused by dangerous sources, thereby effectively avoiding casualties and property losses.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of safety technology, and in particular to a hazard source detection method and system. Background Art

[0002] Hazardous chemicals pose potential dangers in industrial production processes, storage and transportation of finished products, and sales channels. If not properly supervised, they can easily become sources of danger and cause catastrophic events.

[0003] Dangerous sources mainly appear as gases, liquids, fumes, smoke, dust, steam or abnormal temperatures formed under specific circumstances, so early detection and warning are helpful to avoid catastrophic events. However, the existing detection and alarm systems for dangerous sources can only detect specific points or lines, and the forms of detectable dangerous sources are mostly single, which cannot achieve simultaneous detection of a regional space, which is extremely unfavorable for the monitoring of hazardous chemical areas. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hazard source detection method and system, which can realize long-distance and large-scale monitoring and early warning of one or more hazard sources, reduce the incidence of catastrophic events caused by hazard sources, and effectively avoid casualties and property losses.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting a danger source, comprising:

[0006] Obtain spectral image data of different bands in the preset protection area space;

[0007] Obtaining characteristic parameters of one or more hazard sources in the preset protection area space according to the calculated differences or changes in the spectral image data of different bands;

[0008] When one or more characteristic parameters are greater than or equal to a preset threshold value and last for a certain period of time, an alarm is triggered, and the characteristic parameters include: concentration, dimming rate, temperature and / or temperature difference of the hazard source.

[0009] The step of obtaining spectral image data of different bands in the preset protection area space includes:

[0010] Receiving spectrum generated by spectral light sources of different wavelength bands, artificial light sources and / or natural radiation of background objects in the preset protection area space, the spectrum including: intrinsic response band spectrum and reference band spectrum;

[0011] The spectrum is subjected to response processing to obtain spectrum image data of different bands in the preset protection area space, wherein the spectrum image data includes: spectrum image data of an intrinsic response band and spectrum image data of a reference band.

[0012] Wherein, the response range of the spectrum is: 280nm~20μm.

[0013] The step of obtaining characteristic parameters of one or more hazard sources in the preset protection area space according to the calculated differences or changes in the spectral image data of different bands includes:

[0014] Preprocessing the intrinsic response band spectral image data and the reference band spectral image data respectively to determine the intrinsic intensity background value of the corresponding pixel point in the intrinsic response band spectral image data and the reference intensity background value of the corresponding pixel point in the reference band spectral image data;

[0015] Real-time detection of the intrinsic measurement intensity value of the corresponding pixel point in the intrinsic response band spectral image data and the reference measurement intensity value of the corresponding pixel point in the reference band spectral image data;

[0016] The intrinsic intensity background value, the reference intensity background value, the intrinsic measured intensity value and the reference measured intensity value are processed and calculated to obtain characteristic parameters of one or more hazard sources in the preset protection area space.

[0017] The steps of preprocessing the intrinsic response band spectral image data and the reference band spectral image data respectively to determine the intrinsic intensity background value of the corresponding pixel point in the intrinsic response band spectral image data and the reference intensity background value of the corresponding pixel point in the reference band spectral image data include:

[0018] Respectively obtaining the intrinsic initial intensity value of the corresponding pixel point in the intrinsic response band spectral image data and the reference initial intensity value of the corresponding pixel point in the reference band spectral image data;

[0019] The intrinsic initial intensity value and the reference initial intensity value are respectively estimated by filtering and averaging within a first preset period to obtain an intrinsic intensity background value of a corresponding pixel point in the intrinsic response band spectral image data and a reference intensity background value of a corresponding pixel point in the reference band spectral image data.

[0020] The step of processing and calculating the intrinsic intensity background value, the reference intensity background value, the intrinsic measured intensity value and the reference measured intensity value to obtain characteristic parameters of one or more hazard sources in the preset protection area space includes:

[0021] In the second preset period, according to the ratio of the intrinsic measurement intensity value to the reference measurement intensity value, the ratio of the intrinsic intensity background value to the reference intensity background value, and the formula R t =R 0 ·e-[(E(λl)-E(λr))·C·L] , calculate and obtain the characteristic parameters of one or more hazard sources in the preset protection area space; where R t represents the ratio of the intrinsic measurement intensity value to the reference measurement intensity value, R 0 It represents the ratio of the intrinsic intensity background value to the reference intensity background value, λl represents the intrinsic band wavelength, λr represents the reference band wavelength, E(λ) represents an exponential function, L represents the length of the light path, and C represents the concentration of the hazardous source.

[0022] Wherein, after the one or more characteristic parameters are greater than or equal to a preset threshold value and last for a preset time, the step of triggering an alarm includes:

[0023] Determining whether the one or more characteristic parameters are greater than or equal to a preset threshold;

[0024] When the one or more characteristic parameters are greater than or equal to a preset threshold, the location information of one or more danger sources is obtained and an alarm is triggered.

[0025] Among them, it also includes:

[0026] Acquire visible light images and visible light image data of different bands in the preset protection area space;

[0027] The position information and characteristic parameters are superimposed on the visible light image through corresponding coordinate mapping.

[0028] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a danger source detection system, including:

[0029] An image detection unit is used to obtain spectral image data of different bands in a preset protection area space; obtain characteristic parameters of one or more hazard sources in the preset protection area space according to the calculated differences or changes in the spectral image data of different bands; trigger an alarm after the one or more characteristic parameters are greater than or equal to a preset threshold value and last for a preset time, wherein the characteristic parameters include: concentration, dimming rate, temperature and / or temperature difference of the hazard source;

[0030] The monitoring device is connected to the image detection unit and is used to monitor and manage the characteristic parameters and alarm information of the one or more danger sources.

[0031] Among them, it also includes:

[0032] One or more spectrum emission units cooperate with the image detection unit to emit modulated spectrums of different wavelength bands to the image detection unit according to a preset timing.

[0033] Among them, it also includes:

[0034] The spectrum light source reflection plate cooperates with the spectrum emission unit and is used to reflect the spectrum emitted by the spectrum emission unit to the image detection unit.

[0035] Wherein, the image detection unit comprises:

[0036] Optical lens;

[0037] A spectral camera connected to the optical lens to obtain spectral image data of different bands in a preset protection area space;

[0038] A core processor connected to the spectral camera, obtaining characteristic parameters of one or more hazard sources in the preset protection area space according to the calculated difference or change in the spectral image data of different bands, and triggering an alarm when the one or more characteristic parameters are greater than or equal to a preset threshold value and last for a preset time;

[0039] The filter switching device is arranged between the optical lens and the spectral camera and is electrically connected to the core processor, and limits the spectral light entering from the optical lens to pass through a spectrum of a preset wavelength band and sends it to the spectral camera.

[0040] Wherein, the core processor is an embedded core processor, including:

[0041] According to the calculated difference or variation of the spectral image data of different bands, characteristic parameters of one or more hazard sources in the preset protection area space are obtained, and a core processing circuit for triggering an alarm after the one or more characteristic parameters are greater than or equal to a preset threshold value and last for a preset time;

[0042] An input-output interface circuit connected to the core processing circuit;

[0043] A first internal power supply circuit is electrically connected to the core processing circuit and the input / output interface circuit, and provides power to the image detection unit.

[0044] Wherein, the filter switching device comprises: a specific band filter or a multi-spectral filter wheel system, and the multi-spectral filter wheel system is provided with a multi-band filter.

[0045] Wherein, the image detection unit further includes:

[0046] Visible light lens;

[0047] A visible light camera is connected to the visible light lens and the core processor respectively, and cooperates with the visible light lens to obtain visible light images of different bands in the preset protection area space and visible light image data.

[0048] Wherein, the spectrum emission unit comprises:

[0049] Spectral light source;

[0050] A light source circuit board for driving and controlling the spectrum light source, wherein the spectrum light source is arranged on the light source circuit board;

[0051] An optical system disposed on one side of the light source circuit board, which enables the spectrum light source to form an emission light beam with a preset angle;

[0052] A control circuit board connected to the light source circuit board for modulating and controlling the spectral light source;

[0053] A photoelectric sensor connected to the control circuit board to detect the attenuation degree of the light source;

[0054] A second internal power supply circuit is electrically connected to the light source circuit board and the control circuit board and provides power to the spectrum emission unit.

[0055] Wherein, the spectral light source includes a plurality of light sources of different wavelength bands or a full-spectrum light source with a preset spectral response range.

[0056] Wherein, the spectrum emission unit further includes:

[0057] A light source modulation device connected to the control circuit board for modulating the spectral light source according to a preset modulation period.

[0058] Wherein, the light source modulation device comprises: an electrical modulation circuit or a mechanical modulation device arranged on the light source circuit board.

[0059] The mechanical modulation device includes: a motor, a gear train connected to the motor, and a modulation plate connected to the gear train.

[0060] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution of the present invention are as follows:

[0061] In the above scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, by analyzing and processing the spectral image data of different bands in the hazardous source area space, the characteristic parameters of one or more hazardous sources in the preset protection area space are obtained. After the one or more characteristic parameters are greater than or equal to the preset threshold and last for a preset time, an alarm is triggered, thereby realizing long-distance and large-scale monitoring and early warning of one or more hazardous sources, reducing the incidence of catastrophic events caused by hazardous sources, and effectively avoiding casualties and property losses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of basic steps of a method for detecting a danger source according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 2 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the composition structure of the danger source detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 3 This is a second schematic diagram of the composition structure of the danger source detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 4 This is a third schematic diagram of the composition structure of the danger source detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 5 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the composition structure of the image detection unit in the hazard source detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 6 This is a second schematic diagram of the composition structure of the image detection unit in the hazard source detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 7 for Figure 5 or Figure 6 A block diagram of the specific composition of the core processor in the image detection unit;

[0069] Figure 8 for Figure 3 or Figure 4 The specific structural block diagram of the spectrum emission unit in the hazard source detection system;

[0070] Fig. 9 A timing diagram of turning on and off light sources of different wavelength bands when the spectrum light source of an embodiment of the present invention is a plurality of light sources of different wavelength bands;

[0071] Fig.10 This is a light source on-off timing diagram when the spectrum light source of an embodiment of the present invention is a full-spectrum light source;

[0072] Fig.11 for Figure 3 or Figure 4 Schematic diagram of wavelength selection of a spectrum emission unit in a hazard source detection system;

[0073] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the attenuation of two-band emission spectrum light sources used in an embodiment of the present invention over time;

[0074] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the application setting process of the spectrum emission unit in the hazard source detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of an application setting flow of an image detection unit in a hazard source detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Fig.15A schematic diagram of a detection process of an image detection unit of a hazard source detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Fig.16 The figure is a schematic diagram of the specific working process of the core processor in the image detection unit of the hazard source detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0078] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention more clear, a detailed description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0079] In view of the problem that the danger sources that can be detected by the danger source detection and alarm systems in the prior art are mostly in a relatively single form and cannot realize simultaneous detection of an area space, the present invention provides a danger source detection method to realize long-distance and large-scale monitoring and early warning of one or more danger sources, thereby reducing the occurrence rate of catastrophic events.

[0080] First embodiment

[0081] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting a danger source, comprising:

[0082] Step 11, obtaining spectral image data of different bands in the preset protection area space;

[0083] It should be noted that the preset protection area space is provided with various devices, containers, tanks, etc. for producing or storing hazardous chemicals. The preset protection area space may be an open area, a building, a production area, etc.

[0084] Here, acquiring spectral image data of different wavelength bands in the preset protection area space may specifically be acquiring spectral image data of different wavelength bands emitted or reflected from the spectral emission unit or the object itself in the preset protection area space.

[0085] Step 12, obtaining characteristic parameters of one or more hazard sources in the preset protection area space according to the calculated differences or changes in the spectral image data of different bands;

[0086] Here, the hazard sources within the preset protection area space include: leakage of hazardous chemicals, such as gas, liquid or dust, or chemical reactions caused by exposure of active metals, or smoldering of stored items to produce smoke or toxic gases, etc.

[0087] Step 13, triggering an alarm after the one or more characteristic parameters are greater than or equal to a preset threshold and last for a preset time, the characteristic parameters including: concentration, dimming rate, temperature and / or temperature difference of the hazard source.

[0088] The hazard source detection method of the embodiment of the present invention obtains characteristic parameters of one or more hazard sources in the preset protection area space by analyzing and processing spectral image data of different bands in the hazard source area space, and triggers an alarm when the one or more characteristic parameters are greater than or equal to a preset threshold, thereby realizing long-distance and large-scale monitoring and early warning of one or more hazard sources, reducing the incidence of catastrophic events caused by hazard sources, and effectively avoiding casualties and property losses.

[0089] Furthermore, in the hazard source detection method of the embodiment of the present invention, step 11 may specifically include:

[0090] Step 111, receiving spectrum light sources of different wavelength bands in a preset protection area space, artificial light sources and / or spectrum generated by natural radiation of background objects in the space, the spectrum including: intrinsic response band spectrum and reference band spectrum;

[0091] It should be noted that the absorption or shielding characteristics of the hazardous source for different spectral bands are different. Generally, gas or atmosphere will not attenuate the wavelength of the reference band. The intrinsic absorption bands of different gases, that is, the intrinsic response band described in step 111, are different from the reference band. In other words, the wavelengths of the intrinsic absorption bands of different gases will have different attenuations due to the influence of gas or atmosphere.

[0092] Step 112, performing response processing on the spectrum to obtain spectral image data of different bands of the preset protection area space, wherein the spectral image data includes: spectral image data of an intrinsic response band and spectral image data of a reference band.

[0093] Specifically, the spectral response range is: 280nm~20μm.

[0094] It should be noted that the hazard source detection method of the embodiment of the present invention can identify and respond to spectral bands with wavelengths in the range of 280nm to 20μm, and obtain spectral image data within this range.

[0095] Furthermore, in the hazard source detection method of the embodiment of the present invention, step 12 may specifically include:

[0096] Step 121, preprocessing the intrinsic response band spectral image data and the reference band spectral image data respectively, determining the intrinsic intensity background value of the corresponding pixel point in the intrinsic response band spectral image data and the reference intensity background value of the corresponding pixel point in the reference band spectral image data;

[0097] Here, the intrinsic intensity background value and the reference intensity background value are both initial intensity values ​​of the corresponding bands of the spectral image.

[0098] Step 122, real-time detection of the intrinsic measurement intensity value of the corresponding pixel point in the intrinsic response band spectrum image data and the reference measurement intensity value of the corresponding pixel point in the reference band spectrum image data;

[0099] Step 123, processing and calculating the intrinsic intensity background value, the reference intensity background value, the intrinsic measured intensity value and the reference measured intensity value to obtain characteristic parameters of one or more hazard sources in the preset protection area space.

[0100] Furthermore, the step 121 may further specifically include:

[0101] Step 1211, respectively obtaining the intrinsic initial intensity value of the corresponding pixel point in the intrinsic response band spectrum image data and the reference initial intensity value of the corresponding pixel point in the reference band spectrum image data;

[0102] Step 1212, performing filtered average estimation on the intrinsic initial intensity value and the reference initial intensity value respectively within a first preset period to obtain the intrinsic intensity background value of the corresponding pixel point in the intrinsic response band spectral image data and the reference intensity background value of the corresponding pixel point in the reference band spectral image data.

[0103] Furthermore, the step 123 may further specifically include:

[0104] Step 1231: in a second preset period, according to the ratio of the intrinsic measurement intensity value to the reference measurement intensity value, the ratio of the intrinsic intensity background value to the reference intensity background value, and the formula R t =R 0 ·e -[(E(λl)-E(λr))·C·L] , calculate and obtain the characteristic parameters of one or more hazard sources in the preset protection area space; where R t represents the ratio of the intrinsic measurement intensity value to the reference measurement intensity value, R 0 It represents the ratio of the intrinsic intensity background value to the reference intensity background value, λl represents the intrinsic band wavelength, λr represents the reference band wavelength, E(λ) represents an exponential function, L represents the length of the light path, and C represents the concentration of the hazardous source.

[0105] It should be noted here that the formula R t =R 0 ·e -[(E(λl)-E(λr))·C·L] , is based on the Beer-Lambert law, that is, I t =I 0 ·e -E(λ)·C·L Calculated; here, I t is the real-time intensity value of the pixel point of the spectral image; I 0is the initial intensity value of the pixel point of the spectral image; E(λ) is an exponential function that depends on the chemical properties of the absorbing substance.

[0106] Here, R t =I t,l / I t,r , where I t,l Indicates the intrinsic measurement intensity value, I t,r Indicates the reference measurement intensity value; R 0 =I 0,l / I 0,r , where I 0,l Indicates the intrinsic intensity background value, I 0,r Represents the reference intensity background value. Finally, according to the formula R t =R 0 ·e -[(E(λl)-E(λr))·C·L] , and finally the concentration of the hazardous source is:

[0107] It should be noted here that the second preset period is generally greater than the first preset period.

[0108] It should be noted here that when the image detection unit corresponding to the hazard source detection method meets the high-precision requirements, the detection of the hazard source can be finely divided.

[0109] For example, the filter used in the image detection unit is a high-pass filter, which is conducive to enhancing the brightness of background infrared radiation, thereby more accurately analyzing gas concentration, suitable for natural background radiation passive detection equipment, and also suitable for better temperature detection. Of course, the concentration of the gas is not calculated directly from a single infrared image, but by comparing the values ​​of two thermal images.

[0110] The infrared radiation flux received by the spectral camera in the image detection unit can be described as follows:

[0111]

[0112] Among them, τ i is the spectral response of the spectral camera; τ a , τ f , τ c are the spectral transmittances of the atmosphere, the adopted filter, and the gas cloud, respectively;

[0113] L bk , L c , L a are the spectral intensities of the background scene, gas cloud, and atmosphere, respectively;

[0114] Assume that the field of view of the preset protection area space has hot spots T h and cold zone T C, then the comparison of pixels in the hot and cold areas is:

[0115]

[0116] This equation is independent of the heat release of the gas or atmosphere and is only a function of the background scene and the transmittance of the gas cloud. The transmittance is a measure of the gas concentration along the optical path according to the Beer-Lambert law:

[0117]

[0118] Where α is the absorption coefficient of the gas;

[0119] C is the gas concentration at a local position on the light path;

[0120] l is the light path.

[0121] In this way, the detection of the hazard source can be performed through the above integral operation, and the characteristic parameters of the hazard source can be calculated more accurately without ignoring the influence of the atmosphere and gas cloud on the light path. In other words, the above algorithm can be used to distinguish whether the gas concentration in the preset protection area is caused by the atmosphere or gas cloud or by the leakage of the hazard source.

[0122] Furthermore, in the hazard source detection method of the embodiment of the present invention, step 13 may specifically include:

[0123] Step 131, determining whether the one or more characteristic parameters are greater than or equal to a preset threshold;

[0124] Step 132, after the one or more characteristic parameters are greater than or equal to a preset threshold and last for a preset time, obtain the location information of one or more danger sources and trigger an alarm.

[0125] Furthermore, the hazard source detection method of the embodiment of the present invention further includes:

[0126] Step 14, obtaining visible light images and visible light image data of different bands of the preset protection area space;

[0127] Step 15: superimpose the position information and characteristic parameters on the visible light image through corresponding coordinate mapping.

[0128] It should be noted here that by obtaining visible light images of different bands in the preset protection area space and superimposing the position information and characteristic parameters on the visible light image through corresponding coordinate mapping, the danger sources can be visualized and the danger sources in the preset protection area space can be marked in a timely and accurate manner.

[0129] The hazard source detection method of the embodiment of the present invention obtains characteristic parameters of one or more hazard sources in the preset protection area space by analyzing and processing spectral image data of different bands in the hazard source area space, and triggers an alarm after the one or more characteristic parameters are greater than or equal to a preset threshold and last for a preset time, thereby realizing long-distance and large-scale monitoring and early warning of one or more hazard sources, reducing the incidence of catastrophic events caused by hazard sources, and effectively avoiding casualties and property losses.

[0130] Second embodiment

[0131] like Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a danger source detection system, comprising:

[0132] The image detection unit 21 is used to obtain spectral image data of different bands in a preset protection area space; obtain characteristic parameters of one or more hazard sources in the preset protection area space according to the calculated differences or changes in the spectral image data of different bands; trigger an alarm when the one or more characteristic parameters are greater than or equal to a preset threshold value and last for a preset time, and the characteristic parameters include: concentration, dimming rate, temperature and / or temperature difference of the hazard source;

[0133] The monitoring device 22 is connected to the image detection unit and is used to monitor and manage the characteristic parameters and alarm information of the one or more danger sources.

[0134] It should be noted here that when the hazard source detection system only includes an image detection unit and a monitoring device, the spectral image data obtained is spectral image data corresponding to the spectrum generated by the artificial light source in the preset protection area space and / or the natural radiation of the background objects in the space.

[0135] Here, the detection personnel can intuitively identify the location, characteristic parameters and other information of the hazard source from the monitoring equipment. For example, the gas distribution map can be directly displayed in grayscale images, or in color. Specifically, assuming that the maximum concentration is C max , the minimum is 0, and the maximum value of the color system is CL max and the minimum value is CL min , the expression parameters of the color system at the current concentration can be calculated: CL t =C t ·(CL max -CL min ) / C max , whereby different colors are used to represent gas distributions of different concentrations.

[0136] Furthermore, the hazard source detection system of the embodiment of the present invention further includes:

[0137] One or more spectrum emission units 23 cooperate with the image detection unit 21 to emit modulated spectrums of different wavelength bands to the image detection unit according to a preset timing.

[0138] It should be noted that the hazard source detection system provided with the spectrum emission unit 23, such as Figure 3 As shown, it is an active hazard source detection system. That is to say, the system can actively obtain spectral image data of the preset protection area space through the spectrum emitted by the spectral light source in the spectral emission unit 23.

[0139] Here, the spectrum emission unit 23 is arranged in the preset protection area space, and generally there are multiple spectral emission units. There are two main forms of the spectrum emission unit 23. One is that the light source itself uses multiple single-band light sources to form parallel light or a small-angle light source through an optical system, that is, a spectrum emission unit of a specific spectral band; the other is that a light source with a wide spectral coverage range is used, with or without a pulse modulator, that is, a full-spectrum light source emission unit.

[0140] In the case where the hazard source detection system provided with the spectrum emission unit 23 is an active hazard source detection system, the method for calculating the characteristic parameters of the hazard source by the image detection unit 21 is mainly based on the different absorption or shielding characteristics of the hazard source, such as gas, smoke, smog, etc., for different spectral bands. When a certain gas is detected, the spectrum emission unit 23 usually selects an intrinsic absorption center wavelength λ 1 and a reference central wavelength λ r (Gas or atmosphere will not attenuate this wavelength), so the image detection unit 21 can immediately calculate the corresponding gas concentration through the attenuation of the two bands.

[0141] For example, for CH 4 For the detection of photon gas, the intrinsic absorption wavelength of 3.34 μm and the reference wavelength of 3.05 μm can be selected. Of course, if smoke is detected, the spectrum emission unit 23 can select two characteristic wavelengths of 400 nm and 850 nm. Obviously, the attenuation of the two wavelengths of light beams by gas or smoke is different. Through this difference, the data analyzes the information of gas or smoke and distinguishes it from water vapor, dust, etc. Here, the dual-band or multi-band design method can accurately calculate the relevant parameters to a large extent and avoid the generation of false alarms.

[0142] For example, Fig.11FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of wavelength selection of the spectrum emission unit 23 of an embodiment of the present invention. The figure shows that when smoke, dust, water vapor, etc. appear on the optical path, the spectrum generally attenuates, so when detecting other dangerous sources other than gas, it is different from the gas detection method, that is, the reference band is usually not attenuated during gas detection. This is also an important feature for distinguishing other dangerous sources such as smoke.

[0143] Here, by selecting two appropriate bands of spectrum to distinguish which substances are dispersed in the air, the most typical application is smoke detection. For example, by selecting the 400nm ultraviolet and 850nm near-infrared bands, it is obvious that the attenuation of fire smoke to these two light sources is different. The attenuation of the ultraviolet band is significantly higher than that of the infrared, while the attenuation of dust and water vapor in these two bands is the same, so it is possible to distinguish whether it is smoke or not. When multiple spectral emission units 23 are set in the field of view covered by the image detection unit 21, the hazard source detection system can perform efficient smoke detection for the field of view space.

[0144] Specifically, the hazard source detection system of the embodiment of the present invention may further include:

[0145] The spectrum light source reflection plate 24 cooperates with the spectrum emission unit 23 to reflect the spectrum emitted by the spectrum emission unit 23 to the image detection unit 21 .

[0146] It should be noted that a spectral light source reflector 24 is added to the hazard source detection system. Figure 4 As shown, it is beneficial to adjust the spectral emission unit 23 on one side. That is to say, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the position of the spectral emission unit 23, the spectral emission units 23 are arranged on one side close to the image detection unit 21. Generally, a plurality of spectral emission units are arranged, and the spectrum emitted by the spectral emission unit 23 is reflected on the image detection unit 21 by the spectral light source reflection plate 24 arranged at the far end to form a spectral image.

[0147] In the hazard source detection system of the embodiment of the present invention, the image detection unit analyzes and processes the spectral image data of different bands in the hazard source area space to obtain characteristic parameters of one or more hazard sources in the preset protection area space, and triggers an alarm when the one or more characteristic parameters are greater than or equal to a preset threshold, thereby realizing long-distance and large-scale monitoring and early warning of one or more hazard sources, reducing the incidence of catastrophic events caused by hazard sources, and effectively avoiding casualties and property losses.

[0148] Third embodiment

[0149] like Figure 5FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a specific structure of an image detection unit in a hazard source detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The image detection unit may specifically include:

[0150] Optical lens 301;

[0151] It should be noted here that the optical lens 301 needs to be used in conjunction with a spectral camera. The application of the optical lens 301 is one of the important determining factors for the applicable detection distance of the image detection unit. The larger the focal length of the optical lens 301, the longer the detectable distance.

[0152] A spectral camera 302 connected to the optical lens 301 to obtain spectral image data of different bands in a preset protection area space;

[0153] Here, the spectral camera 302 covers a spatial area of ​​the preset protection area space, that is, including the horizontal and vertical field of view angles, that is, the multi-band light beams emitted by the spectral emission units arranged at any position within the field of view will form an image on the image detection unit. The spectral response range of the spectral camera 302 is: 280nm~20μm; it can specifically include: medium and short wave band spectral cameras, the spectral response range is between 280nm~5.0μm; long wave band spectral cameras, the spectral response range is between 7.0μm~20μm.

[0154] It should be noted that, according to the type of the selected spectral camera, a corresponding spectral emission unit may be selected, or an artificial light source or a natural radiation source in a preset protection space may be directly used.

[0155] For example, when a hazard detection system is provided with a direct or reflected spectrum emission unit, it should be noted that the reflected spectrum emission unit includes a spectrum light source reflection plate, and a medium- and short-wave spectrum camera is selected. When the hazard detection system is not provided with a spectrum emission unit, that is, the hazard detection system uses artificial light sources or natural radiation sources, a long-wave spectrum camera is selected.

[0156] Here, the spectral camera 302 can also use a cooling type or a non-cooling type infrared camera according to different detection distance and accuracy requirements. Of course, the cooling type movement has a higher noise equivalent temperature difference NETD, so the detection capability is stronger, which is mainly reflected in the ability to detect farther and more accurately. For example, the non-cooling type can be applied to 1km to 2km, while the cooling type can be used for detection of 2km to 3km or farther.

[0157] A core processor 303 connected to the spectral camera 302, which obtains characteristic parameters of one or more hazard sources in the preset protection area space according to the calculated differences or changes in the spectral image data of different bands, and triggers an alarm when the characteristic parameters are greater than or equal to a preset threshold value and last for a preset time;

[0158] The filter switching device 304 is disposed between the optical lens 301 and the spectral camera 302 and is electrically connected to the core processor 303 , and limits the spectral light entering from the optical lens 301 to pass through a spectrum of a preset band to the spectral camera 302 .

[0159] Specifically, the core processor 303 is an embedded core processor, which is generally a digital signal processor DSP or a field programmable gate array FPGA or a multi-ARM processor such as Figure 7 As shown, it may specifically include:

[0160] The core processing circuit 3031 obtains characteristic parameters of one or more hazard sources in the preset protection area space according to the calculated difference or variation of the spectral image data of different bands, and triggers an alarm when the one or more characteristic parameters are greater than or equal to a preset threshold value and last for a preset time;

[0161] Here, the specific analysis and processing process of the core processing circuit 3031 is the same as the method steps described in the first embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0162] An input / output interface circuit 3032 connected to the core processing circuit 3031;

[0163] It should be noted that all data information and alarm information of the image detection unit are transmitted through the input and output interface circuit 3032.

[0164] A first internal power supply circuit 3033 is electrically connected to the core processing circuit 3031 and the input / output interface circuit 3032 and provides power to the image detection unit.

[0165] Specifically, the filter switching device 304 of the embodiment of the present invention includes: a specific band filter or a multi-spectral filter wheel system, and the multi-spectral filter wheel system is provided with a multi-band filter.

[0166] It should be noted that when the filter switching device 304 is a specific band filter, the specific band filter can allow light of the corresponding spectral band to be projected onto the spectral camera for imaging. Here, the spectral emission unit can adopt a spectral light source with a narrow spectral distribution, that is, a spectral emission unit of a specific spectral band.

[0167] When the filter switching device 304 is a multi-spectral filter wheel system, the spectrum emission unit may use a spectrum light source with a wider spectrum distribution.

[0168] Here, the multi-spectral filter wheel system is provided with a multi-band filter, and the multi-spectral filter wheel system will rotate according to a certain time period. A narrow-band or high-pass filter is provided at each position, and a series of spectral images are obtained through these filters. The core processing circuit 3031 of the core processor 303 obtains the characteristic parameters such as the concentration and temperature of the hazardous source by analyzing and processing these spectral images.

[0169] By using the multi-spectral filter wheel system, the intrinsic absorption band spectral image and reference band spectral image of the corresponding gas can be obtained, and the corresponding image information of multiple gases can also be obtained, so as to analyze and process one or more gases or hazardous sources. The multi-spectral filter wheel system can also adopt a hyperspectral optical system, so that the multi-spectral filter wheel system can obtain a characteristic spectral image every 20nm, so that multiple gases can be analyzed at the same time.

[0170] For example, for the application of full-spectrum light source emission units and natural background radiation, the filters on the multi-spectral filter wheel system can use high-pass filters, such as 6μm, 8.5μm, and 9.6μm cutoff high-pass filters for detecting VOC (volatile organic compounds) gases; for spectral emission units of specific spectral bands, the filters are mainly narrow-band filters, such as 3.34μm characteristic band and 3.05μm characteristic band filters can be selected to detect VOC gases.

[0171] Specifically, Figure 6 As shown, the image detection unit also includes: a visible light lens 305; a visible light camera 306 which is respectively connected to the visible light lens 305 and the core processor 303, and cooperates with the visible light lens 305 to obtain visible light images of different bands in the preset protection area space and visible light image data.

[0172] It should be noted here that the visible light camera 306 is not necessary for the image detection unit. If the visible light camera 306 is provided in the image detection unit, the video image of the spectral camera 302 and the color or black and white image of the visible light camera 306 can often be fused and displayed to quickly display and represent the problem point, which is conducive to superimposing the location information and characteristic parameters of the hazard source on the visible light image through corresponding coordinate mapping, realizing the visualization of the hazard source, and timely and accurately marking the hazard source in the preset protection area space.

[0173] It should be noted that the image detection unit also includes a housing for protecting internal components and circuits, and different housings can be customized according to different application sites, such as an explosion-proof housing required for explosive sites.

[0174] Fourth embodiment

[0175] like Figure 8 FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a specific structure of a spectrum emission unit in a hazard source detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The spectrum emission unit may specifically include:

[0176] Spectral light source 401;

[0177] It should be noted here that the spectrum light source 401 includes a plurality of light sources of different wavelength bands or a full spectrum light source with a preset spectrum response range.

[0178] For example, the spectral light source can adopt a single-band LED (Light Emitting Diode) or light source, and according to the detection needs, two or more bands of LEDs or light sources can be set in the wick, and the switching time of each light source can be different through electrical modulation, but the overall cycle is consistent.

[0179] For example, Fig. 9 As shown, it is a timing diagram of the opening and closing of light sources of different wavelength bands when the spectral light source is a plurality of light sources of different wavelength bands. Normally, the cycle of all emitting light sources turning on and off alternately is set to T. In order to enable the image detection unit to identify the type of the current emitting light source, the opening time of different light sources may be different. For example, for the case of using two wavelength light sources of λ1 of 400nm and λ2 of 850nm, in actual application, the cycle T = 3.5s, where T1 = 1s, T2 = 1.5s, and the interval time in between is 0.5s. The image detection unit samples at a speed of not less than 10f / s, thereby distinguishing whether it is ultraviolet light or infrared light. The image detection unit analyzes the images acquired according to the time sequence and calculates the concentration of the corresponding smoke or gas, or the concentration of dust and steam.

[0180] For the case of using full spectrum light source, such as Fig.10 As shown, after modulation, a full-spectrum light source with a period of T and an opening time of T1 is formed. At this time, the selection of the corresponding spectral band is mainly completed by the rotating wheel of the filter, that is, the multi-spectral filter wheel system.

[0181] All hazardous source detection systems with active light sources use modulation for the spectral emission unit. Another important function is to prevent false operation and interference from ambient light, and to promptly report fault signals when there is a problem with the light source. The image detection unit will continuously learn to extract the light source imaging background as a reference value. When gas, smoke or dust appears, the light of the corresponding spectral band will be absorbed relative to the reference value, and the absorption intensity can be compared with the value of the reference band to calculate the corresponding concentration parameter.

[0182] A light source circuit board 402 for driving and controlling the spectrum light source 401, wherein the spectrum light source 401 is disposed on the light source circuit board 402;

[0183] Here, the spectrum light source 401 is usually soldered and placed on the light source circuit board 402 . The spectrum light source 401 often has a focusing cup to form an emission angle of 60° to 120°.

[0184] An optical system 403 disposed on one side of the light source circuit board 402 to enable the spectrum light source 401 to form an emission light beam with a preset angle;

[0185] Here, the optical system 403 includes a concave mirror, a convex lens, a multi-convex lens or a Fresnel lens for forming parallel light or a small-angle light source. Here, the initial incidence angle of the light beam formed by the light source through the optical system 403 is about 5°.

[0186] For example, when the spectrum light source 401 is a full-spectrum light source, an emission light beam with an angle of θ is formed through the optical system 403. Usually, the angle θ is in the range of 5° to 10°, which is convenient for the image detection unit to receive the image or for the spectrum light source reflector to reflect the light source.

[0187] A control circuit board 404 connected to the light source circuit board 402 for modulating and controlling the spectrum light source 401;

[0188] A photoelectric sensor 405 connected to the control circuit board 404 to detect the attenuation degree of the light source;

[0189] Here, the photoelectric sensor 405 is mainly used to provide feedback to the spectrum light source 401 , detect the attenuation degree of the spectrum light source 401 , and maintain the intensity of the emitted light by adjusting the current value of the spectrum light source 401 .

[0190] For example, Fig.12 The figure shows the schematic diagram of the attenuation of the two-band emission spectrum light source used in the present invention over time. The figure shows that no matter what type of spectrum emission unit is, such as active light source, background artificial light source, natural light source radiation, and how it is arranged, such as direct or reflected, the spectrum light source will change and attenuate.

[0191] Generally, there are two methods to deal with the attenuation of spectral light sources. One method is to use a photoelectric sensor. Specifically, the photoelectric sensor senses the change in light source intensity. When the intensity weakens, the current is controlled to increase to maintain a stable value, that is, to compensate for the light source current.

[0192] Another method is to ensure detection through the self-adaptation of the image detection unit. When the natural attenuation of the light source exceeds the preset limit, the system reports a fault and replaces the spectral light source.

[0193] A second internal power supply circuit 406 is electrically connected to the light source circuit board 402 and the control circuit board 404 and provides power to the spectrum emission unit.

[0194] Here, it should be noted that the control circuit board 404 is mainly used to control the electrical modulation of the spectrum light source 401 or control the mechanical modulation device for modulation, and also controls the power and emission intensity of the spectrum light source 401 through the PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) method, and at the same time receives the signal of the photoelectric sensor 405 to confirm that the spectrum light source 401 is in normal working state.

[0195] Specifically, the spectrum emission unit of the embodiment of the present invention may further include: a light source modulation device connected to the control circuit board 404 and modulating the spectrum light source according to a preset modulation period, which is not shown in the figure.

[0196] More specifically, the light source modulation device includes: an electrical modulation circuit or a mechanical modulation device disposed on the light source circuit board 402 .

[0197] Here, the modulation method of the spectrum light source includes electrical modulation and mechanical modulation. When the spectrum light source is modulated by electrical modulation, a modulated light with a period T can be formed, and the light source of each wavelength band is set to be turned on for a time T. Oi , the closing time is T Ci This type of electrical modulation is mainly used when the spectral light source has a fast response and the radiation can be switched on and off quickly. For example, when using 400nm and 850nm LEDs, electrical modulation can be performed.

[0198] As for spectral light sources that are difficult to modulate electrically, this is mainly because when the light source is switched on and off, the wick temperature is still very high and will emit strong radiation energy, so mechanical modulation is used.

[0199] It should be noted that the mechanical modulation device includes: a motor, a gear train connected to the motor, and a modulation plate connected to the gear train.

[0200] Here, the motor and gear train drive the modulation plate to rotate at a certain period to form the required light source modulation waveform. If the image detection unit uses background natural radiation for detection, no light modulation is required.

[0201] It should be noted here that for full-spectrum light sources, when light source modulation is inconvenient, setting up a mechanical modulation device is a good choice to obtain spectral imaging of a specific period. It can be seen that the best modulation should be set at the light source end, so that the influence of the environment can be better distinguished, because only light that conforms to the modulation law is the real light source, and other light sources are environmental interference light.

[0202] Fifth embodiment

[0203] like Fig.13 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the application setting process of the spectrum emission unit in the hazard source detection system of an embodiment of the present invention. The specific application process of the spectrum emission unit is described in detail below in conjunction with the figure.

[0204] It should be noted that the hazard source detection system using the spectrum emission unit is an active detection system, which is reliable and highly accurate, so the light source setting of the system is relatively important. Whether it is multiple light sources of different bands or full-spectrum light sources, whether it is electrical modulation or mechanical modulation, the output light of the spectrum emission unit needs to be turned on and off according to a specific cycle, so it is necessary to follow the following process when using it.

[0205] S101, determining the intensity level of the light source according to the distance between the image detection unit and the spectrum emission unit and the environmental conditions of the preset protection area space;

[0206] Typically, the intensity of a spectral light source is set via a DIP switch or software settings, primarily to control the drive current of the light source.

[0207] S102, adjusting the emission direction of the spectrum light source of the spectrum emission unit;

[0208] Here, after the intensity level of the light source is set, the spectrum emission unit is powered on, and the detection personnel can use the laser pen to adjust the direction of the spectrum emission unit to align the position of the optical lens of the image detection unit. Here, the degree of alignment is not high, and it only needs to be roughly aligned with the position of the image detection unit.

[0209] S103, determining whether the spectrum light source flickers at a preset frequency;

[0210] If yes, then the operation flow of the image detection unit is entered; if no, then step S104 is executed.

[0211] Here, a test device or an image detection unit is used to receive the signal of the spectral light source. The setting software can identify and judge the type and period of the spectral light source. If the spectral light source of the spectral emission unit flashes at a preset frequency, that is, the spectral light source works normally, the entire hazard source detection system can enter the image detection unit operation process.

[0212] S104, check the wiring and equipment and locate the fault.

[0213] It should be noted here that if a problem is detected in the spectrum emission unit, the process returns to step S101, that is, the spectrum emission unit is further adjusted, including the intensity and direction of the light source.

[0214] Sixth embodiment

[0215] like Fig.14 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the application setting process of the image detection unit in the danger source detection system of an embodiment of the present invention. The specific application process of the image detection unit is described in detail below with reference to the figure.

[0216] It should be noted that for the active detection system, the main task of the image detection unit is to identify each spectral emission unit in the field of view of the preset protection area space, and realize the composite processing of different spectral images; for the passive detection system, the main task of the image detection unit is to perform background self-learning extraction of images in different spectral bands and position matching of different spectral images, and to fuse them with visible light images. The specific process is as follows:

[0217] S201, setting the number of spectral emission units within the field of view coverage area of ​​the image detection unit;

[0218] It should be noted that the above steps are performed after the adjustment of the spectrum emission unit is completed.

[0219] S202, the image detection unit is powered on and activated, and scans the spatial field of view image by itself;

[0220] S203, self-learning the background of the spectrum image, extracting the position of the spectrum light source, the test background and the signal strength;

[0221] S204, determining whether the test background or light source intensity exceeds a preset threshold;

[0222] If yes, then enter the hazard source detection operation process; if no, execute step S205.

[0223] It should be noted that in this step, the image detection unit needs to determine the number of light sources and the suitability of the background.

[0224] S205, the image detection unit reports an error and instructs adjustment and modification.

[0225] Here, the error report of the image detection unit indicates that the light source intensity and background suitability of the spectral emission unit do not meet the preset conditions, or the number of light sources does not meet the preset number. The system needs further adjustment or reselection of the intensity of the spectral emission unit until the spectral emission unit and the image detection unit are completely matched, or the field of view image meets the detection requirements, and then enters the detection algorithm process.

[0226] Seventh embodiment

[0227] like Fig.15 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the detection process of the image detection unit of the hazard source detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The detection process of the image detection unit will be described in detail below with reference to the figure.

[0228] It should be noted here that the essence of detection is: first, detect the change in the array sensor, that is, the pixel point of the spectral image, caused by the absorption, attenuation, shielding or radiation effect of the hazardous source on the spectral light source of the spectral emission unit or the physical background, or the spectral image background; here, the hazardous source includes explosive or toxic and harmful gases, smoke, dust or temperature anomalies. Second, calculate the concentration or change of the hazardous source based on the change in the array sensor, that is, the pixel point of the spectral image. The array sensor continuously updates the light source background or background to avoid the influence of ambient light sources, artificial light sources, etc. For example, for a multi-band spectral light source, the specific processing method is as follows:

[0229] Assume S n,m,BKG (t) represents the pixel intensity background value of the mth band of the nth light source in the spectral image at time t, and I n,m (t) represents the real-time pixel detection intensity of the mth band of the nth light source at time t. There are many methods to establish the background, and the commonly used ones include mixed Gaussian models, etc. Of course, the weighted rule is the simplest one, as described below, and the corresponding change ΔI can be obtained from it n,m (t), and thus the concentration of the hazardous source can be obtained.

[0230] S n,m,BKG (t) = S n,m,BKG (t-1)+k·[S n,m,BKG (t)-S n,m,BKG (t-1)]

[0231] ΔI n,m (t) = S n,m,BKG (t)-I n,m (t)

[0232] C n,m (t) = f(ΔI n,1 (t),ΔI n,2(t)...,ΔI n,m (t))

[0233] Here, the specific steps of the detection process of the image detection unit are as follows:

[0234] S301, confirming that the image detection unit is officially operational, and self-checking refrigeration, mechanical components or electrical components;

[0235] S302, determining whether the image detection unit is normal;

[0236] If yes, execute step S303; if no, execute step S304.

[0237] S303, extracting pixel intensity values ​​of images of different wavebands, performing filtering and averaging calculations within a first time period, and obtaining the latest background or light spot initial value;

[0238] Here, the first time period is the same as the first preset time period in the first embodiment.

[0239] S304, return to manual processing;

[0240] S305, measuring the intensity value of each pixel in the images of different bands in real time, performing comparative calculations within a second time period, and obtaining gas or flue gas characteristic parameters or calculating concentration indicators;

[0241] S306, determining whether there is a danger source;

[0242] If yes, execute step S307; if no, return to step S301.

[0243] It should be noted here that the gas or smoke characteristic parameters or calculated concentration indicators obtained in step S305 are compared with the corresponding preset thresholds. When any one of the gas or smoke characteristic parameters or calculated concentration indicators is greater than the corresponding preset threshold, it is judged that there is a danger source and step S307 is executed.

[0244] S307, enter the alarm process.

[0245] Eighth embodiment

[0246] like Fig.16 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a specific working process of a core processor in an image detection unit of a hazard source detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The working process of the core processor will be described in detail below in conjunction with the diagram.

[0247] S401, acquiring target image data in the optical lens;

[0248] Here, the target image data refers to the image of an object in a preset protection area space.

[0249] S4021, obtaining image data of a spectral camera in a specific band;

[0250] Here, the specific wavelength band refers to the intrinsic absorption wavelength band and the reference wavelength band.

[0251] S4022, obtaining image data of a visible light camera in a specific band;

[0252] S4031, storing time series image data of different bands;

[0253] Here, the time series image data of different bands means that the spectra of different bands have their own preset periods, that is, the spectral light sources of different bands in the preset protection area space have different start-up times and emit spectra according to their own preset periods.

[0254] S4032, storing visible light time series image data;

[0255] S404, calculating and comparing the time series image data acquired by all cameras to extract difference points;

[0256] It should be noted here that all cameras refer to cameras in the image detection unit, which may include: spectral cameras and visible light cameras.

[0257] Here, the extraction of difference points of the acquired time series image data may refer to the method steps in the seventh embodiment, which will not be described in detail here.

[0258] S405, analyzing the concentration or related data of the detection target according to the image data;

[0259] Here, the concentration of the target refers to the concentration of gas, smoke, dust or steam in the preset protection area space, and the relevant data may include the dimming rate, temperature and / or temperature difference in the preset protection area space.

[0260] S406, forming a composite image by superimposing the detection target image mapped by the corresponding coordinates onto the visible light image;

[0261] It should be noted here that the formed composite image can intuitively determine the specific position of the detection target image within the preset protection area space, with the focus on displaying the occurrence, occurrence and spread of hazardous sources, accurately locating the location and problems of hazardous sources, and providing extremely early processing.

[0262] S407, storing and recording various data and composite images, and transmitting signals through a network;

[0263] It should be noted here that usually the transmission of video signals needs to be processed by compression encoding before transmission.

[0264] S408, determining whether the danger source level exceeds a preset threshold;

[0265] If yes, execute step S409; if no, return to step S401 to continue acquiring the target image data in the optical lens.

[0266] S409, trigger an alarm.

[0267] It should be noted that the workflow of the core processor is the processing flow when the image detection unit includes a visible light camera. When the visible light camera is not provided in the image detection unit, step S4022, step S4032 and step S406 can be omitted. In other words, for a system without a visible light camera, abnormal points and values ​​can also be marked on the spectral image.

[0268] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting a hazard source, characterized in that: include: Acquire spectral image data of different wavebands formed by a spectral emission unit in a preset protection area space, wherein one or more spectral emission units are arranged in the preset protection area space, and are used to emit modulated spectra of different wavebands according to a preset time sequence; The step of acquiring spectral image data of different bands formed by the spectral emission unit in the preset protection area space includes: receiving spectra of different bands generated by the spectral emission unit in the preset protection area space, the spectra including: intrinsic response band spectra and reference band spectra; Perform response processing on the spectrum to obtain spectrum image data of different bands formed by the spectrum emission unit in the preset protection area space, wherein the spectrum image data includes: spectrum image data of the intrinsic response band and spectrum image data of the reference band; The step of obtaining characteristic parameters of one or more hazard sources in the preset protection area space according to the calculated difference or change of the spectral image data of different bands comprises: Preprocessing the intrinsic response band spectral image data and the reference band spectral image data respectively, determining the intrinsic intensity background value of the corresponding pixel point in the intrinsic response band spectral image data and the reference intensity background value of the corresponding pixel point in the reference band spectral image data; detecting the intrinsic measurement intensity value of the corresponding pixel point in the intrinsic response band spectral image data and the reference measurement intensity value of the corresponding pixel point in the reference band spectral image data in real time; The intrinsic intensity background value, the reference intensity background value, the intrinsic measurement intensity value and the reference measurement intensity value are processed and calculated to obtain characteristic parameters of one or more hazard sources in the preset protection area space; the step of processing and calculating the intrinsic intensity background value, the reference intensity background value, the intrinsic measurement intensity value and the reference measurement intensity value to obtain characteristic parameters of one or more hazard sources in the preset protection area space includes: In the second preset period, according to the ratio of the intrinsic measurement intensity value to the reference measurement intensity value, the ratio of the intrinsic intensity background value to the reference intensity background value, and the formula R t JR0·e -((E(λl)-E(λr)}·C·L] 100. Calculate and obtain characteristic parameters of one or more hazardous sources in the preset protection area space; wherein Rt represents the ratio of the intrinsic measurement intensity value to the reference measurement intensity value, R0 represents the ratio of the intrinsic intensity background value to the reference intensity background value, λl represents the intrinsic band wavelength, λr represents the reference band wavelength, E(λ) represents an exponential function, L represents the length of the optical path, and C represents the concentration of the hazardous source; When the one or more characteristic parameters are greater than or equal to a preset threshold value and last for a preset time, an alarm is triggered, and the characteristic parameters include: concentration of the hazard source and dimming rate.

2. The method for detecting a danger source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The response range of the spectrum is 280nm to 20μm.

3. The method for detecting a danger source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of preprocessing the intrinsic response band spectral image data and the reference band spectral image data respectively to determine the intrinsic intensity background value of the corresponding pixel point in the intrinsic response band spectral image data and the reference intensity background value of the corresponding pixel point in the reference band spectral image data include: Respectively obtaining the intrinsic initial intensity value of the corresponding pixel point in the intrinsic response band spectral image data and the reference initial intensity value of the corresponding pixel point in the reference band spectral image data; The intrinsic initial intensity value and the reference initial intensity value are respectively estimated by filtering and averaging within a first preset period to obtain an intrinsic intensity background value of a corresponding pixel point in the intrinsic response band spectral image data and a reference intensity background value of a corresponding pixel point in the reference band spectral image data.

4. The method for detecting a danger source according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the one or more characteristic parameters are greater than or equal to a preset threshold value and last for a preset time, the step of triggering an alarm includes: Determining whether the one or more characteristic parameters are greater than or equal to a preset threshold; After the one or more characteristic parameters are greater than or equal to a preset threshold and last for a preset time, the location information of one or more danger sources is obtained and an alarm is triggered.

5. The method for detecting a danger source according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: Obtain visible light images and visible light image data of different bands of the preset protection area space; and superimpose the position information and characteristic parameters on the visible light image through corresponding coordinate mapping.

6. A hazard source detection system, using the hazard source detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: include: An image detection unit is used to obtain spectral image data of different bands formed by the spectral emission unit in a preset protection area space; and obtain characteristic parameters of one or more hazard sources in the preset protection area space according to the calculated difference or change of the spectral image data of different bands; When the one or more characteristic parameters are greater than or equal to a preset threshold value and last for a preset time, an alarm is triggered, wherein the characteristic parameters include: concentration of the hazard source and dimming rate; A monitoring device, connected to the image detection unit, for monitoring and managing characteristic parameters and alarm information of the one or more hazard sources; The hazard source detection system also includes: One or more spectrum emission units cooperate with the image detection unit to emit modulated spectrums of different wavelength bands to the image detection unit according to a preset timing.

7. The hazard source detection system according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also includes: The spectrum light source reflection plate cooperates with the spectrum emission unit and is used to reflect the spectrum emitted by the spectrum emission unit to the image detection unit.

8. The hazard source detection system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The image detection unit includes: an optical lens; A spectral camera connected to the optical lens to obtain spectral image data of different wavebands formed by the spectral emission unit in a preset protection area space; A core processor connected to the spectral camera, obtaining characteristic parameters of one or more hazard sources in the preset protection area space according to the calculated difference or change in the spectral image data of different bands, and triggering an alarm when the one or more characteristic parameters are greater than or equal to a preset threshold value and last for a preset time; The filter switching device is arranged between the optical lens and the spectral camera and is electrically connected to the core processor, and limits the spectral light entering from the optical lens to pass through the spectrum of a preset band to the spectral camera.

9. The hazard source detection system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The core processor is an embedded core processor, comprising: A core processing circuit for obtaining characteristic parameters of one or more hazard sources in the preset protection area space according to the calculated differences or changes in the spectral image data of different bands, and triggering an alarm after the one or more characteristic parameters are greater than or equal to a preset threshold value and last for a preset time; an input and output interface circuit connected to the core processing circuit; A first internal power supply circuit is electrically connected to the core processing circuit and the input / output interface circuit, and provides power to the image detection unit.

10. The hazard source detection system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The filter switching device comprises: a specific band filter or a multi-spectral filter wheel system, and the multi-spectral filter wheel system is provided with a multi-band filter.

11. The hazard source detection system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The image detection unit further includes: a visible light lens; A visible light camera is connected to the visible light lens and the core processor respectively, and cooperates with the visible light lens to obtain visible light images of different bands in the preset protection area space and visible light image data.

12. The hazard source detection system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The spectrum emission unit comprises: a spectrum light source; A light source circuit board for driving and controlling the spectrum light source, wherein the spectrum light source is arranged on the light source circuit board; An optical system disposed on one side of the light source circuit board, which enables the spectrum light source to form an emission light beam with a preset angle; A control circuit board connected to the light source circuit board for modulating and controlling the spectral light source; A photoelectric sensor connected to the control circuit board to detect the attenuation degree of the light source; A second internal power supply circuit is electrically connected to the light source circuit board and the control circuit board and provides power to the spectrum emission unit.

13. The hazard source detection system according to claim 12, characterized in that: The spectrum light source includes a plurality of light sources of different wavelength bands or a full spectrum light source with a preset spectrum response range.

14. The hazard source detection system according to claim 12, characterized in that: The spectrum emission unit further comprises: a light source modulation device connected to the control circuit board and modulating the spectrum light source according to a preset modulation period.

15. The hazard source detection system according to claim 14, characterized in that: The light source modulation device comprises: an electrical modulation circuit or a mechanical modulation device arranged on the light source circuit board.

16. The hazard source detection system according to claim 15, characterized in that: The mechanical modulation device comprises: a motor, a gear train connected to the motor, and a modulation plate connected to the gear train.

Images