Self-climbing crane based on wind turbine tower

Abstract

The present invention relates to a self-climbing crane based on a wind turbine tower body, wherein the crane is installed on a crane column, and the crane column is connected to the wind turbine tower through three clamps. T-shaped rails are provided on both sides of the crane column, and the top clamp and the middle clamp are connected to the T-shaped rails of the crane column through sliding rails thereon. The top clamp and the middle clamp can slide up and down axially on the T-shaped rails of the crane column, and the bottom clamp is hinged to the crane column through a pin shaft. A clamp lifting winch is installed on the lower side of the top clamp, and the lifting winch is connected to the middle clamp through a rope. After the top clamp is fixed and tightly clamped to the wind turbine tower, the middle clamp is lifted by the clamp lifting winch to achieve the increase in the position of the middle clamp; a lifting hydraulic cylinder is installed on the crane column, one end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the top clamp, and the middle end is hinged to the crane column. After the middle clamp is tightly clamped to the crane column, the lifting hydraulic cylinder contracts to lift the self-climbing crane, thereby achieving the self-climbing of the crane.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a hoisting device for a wind turbine generator set, in particular to a self-climbing crane based on a tower body of the wind turbine generator set. Background Art

[0002] 1. Hoisting wind turbines 120 meters or taller requires a nacelle and hub weighing over 110 tons. Domestically, specialized lifting equipment for wind turbine installation is relatively new and limited in quantity. Even with some manufacturers developing cranes specifically for wind turbine installation, these cranes are limited to a height of 120 meters. Therefore, the industry urgently needs to address the need for specialized lifting tools.

[0003] 2. For wind turbine towers exceeding 120m, the current approach is to use general-purpose cranes used in the petrochemical and construction industries. Cranes commonly used for 2MW wind turbines at 140m are typically 800-1200 ton crawler cranes. These cranes are not only expensive to manufacture and rent, but also extremely scarce domestically. Some equipment often requires interprovincial deployment and must be ordered six months in advance.

[0004] 3. Several future developments in the wind power industry pose challenges to lifting equipment. The first is higher wind turbine heights. Higher heights translate to better wind conditions and higher wind speeds, expanding suitable areas for wind power development. Currently, wind turbine heights are primarily concentrated between 120m and 140m, but internationally, they have reached 164m and are trending higher. Therefore, completing the lifting and installation of ultra-high-altitude wind turbines places significant demands on lifting equipment. The second development is that wind turbines are shifting from centralized development to a more decentralized model, with a smaller number of wind turbines dispersed across regions based on actual needs. With the previous centralized model, large cranes could be deployed once a site was in place, distributing the crane costs. However, with distributed wind power generation, given that a single site may contain only one or two wind turbines, site costs cannot be evenly distributed, significantly increasing the overall cost of lifting and installation. For a single distributed wind turbine, the cost of transporting and hauling a large crane can often reach around 2-3 million RMB. High rental costs significantly hinder industry development. A third development trend is to develop projects in mountainous and remote areas, where they do not impact local civilian land. Mountain development itself presents challenges for transporting large cranes. Large cranes often require 50-60 transport vehicles, along which dedicated roads must be built to avoid residential areas. These three issues are inherent to current general-purpose large cranes.

[0005] 4. Large crawler wind turbine cranes, with their extra-long booms (over 150m) and the need for auxiliary or super-lift booms, require long installation and removal cycles, significantly extending wind farm construction. Furthermore, crawler cranes have specific requirements for wind farm pavement smoothness and load-bearing capacity, requiring a larger footprint and increasing wind farm construction costs.

[0006] 5. There are no precedents for this type of industrial design in China. Internationally, similar examples of the self-climbing crane described in the current patent do exist, but these are custom-made for specific wind turbines, placing excessively high demands on wind turbine towers and lacking universal applicability. Furthermore, the design in the current patent application is completely different in appearance, structure, mounting method, tower interface, and climbing strategy.

[0007] In summary, traditional general-purpose crawler cranes have disadvantages in terms of small available quantity, low transportation convenience, high manufacturing cost, long hoisting and installation and disassembly cycle, and high site requirements. According to the development trend of wind power, it is necessary to design a simple hoisting equipment specifically for wind turbine installation. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present invention aims to provide a self-climbing crane based on the tower body of a wind turbine generator set. Unlike the traditional "crane-wind turbine generator set" relatively separate lifting method, the crane body in this self-climbing crane is installed on the tower of the wind turbine generator set, and relies on the height of the tower to climb by itself to complete the entire lifting operation; unlike the traditional installation of wind turbine generator sets (tower, nacelle, hub, blades, etc.) that requires special large-scale lifting equipment, this self-climbing crane only needs to complete the crane's attachment to the tower and the upright operation of the equipment with the assistance of a conventional 300-ton crane, and the rest of the lifting operations can be completed by the crane itself.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is: a self-climbing crane based on the tower body of a wind turbine generator set, comprising a top clamp, a crane column, a middle clamp, a bottom clamp, a wind turbine tower, a clamp lifting winch, a lifting hydraulic cylinder, and a crane. The crane is installed on the crane column, and the crane column is connected to the wind turbine tower through the top clamp, the middle clamp, and the bottom clamp, and the lifting weight and bending moment carried by the crane are transmitted to the wind turbine tower through the top clamp, the middle clamp, and the bottom clamp; T-shaped rails are provided on both sides of the crane column, and the top clamp and the middle clamp are connected to the T-shaped rails of the crane column through the sliding rails thereon. The track is connected, and the top hoop and the middle hoop can slide up and down axially on the T-shaped track of the crane column. The bottom hoop is hinged to the crane column through a pin shaft. A hoop lifting winch is installed on the lower side of the top hoop, and the lifting winch is connected to the middle hoop through a rope. After the top hoop is fixed and clamped to the wind turbine tower, the middle hoop is lifted by this hoop lifting winch to achieve the increase in the position of the middle hoop; a lifting hydraulic cylinder is installed on the crane column, one end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the top hoop, and the middle end is hinged to the crane column. After the middle hoop clamps the crane column, the lifting hydraulic cylinder contracts to lift the self-climbing crane, thereby achieving the self-climbing of the crane.

[0010] Furthermore, the crane includes a main hook, a main lifting arm, a slewing platform, a main lifting mechanism, a luffing hydraulic cylinder, and a luffing hydraulic cylinder support frame. The main arm is hinged to the slewing platform through a pin shaft. One end of the luffing hydraulic cylinder is connected to the main arm through a pin shaft, and the other end is connected to the support frame integrated on the slewing platform; the main hook is connected to the wheel system at the top of the main lifting arm and the winch of the main lifting mechanism on the back of the main lifting arm through a wire rope; the slewing platform is connected to the motor reducer drive system.

[0011] Furthermore, the top clamp, middle clamp and bottom clamp are all composed of a left half-arc clamp and a right half-arc clamp, the left half-arc clamp is a free end, connected to the right half-arc clamp by two pins, and the right half-arc clamp is connected to the sliding track through a box-type steel structure, and the left half-arc clamp and the right half-arc clamp are connected by a clamp opening and closing hydraulic cylinder, and the left half-arc clamp is controlled by the clamp opening and closing hydraulic cylinder to rotate with the right half-arc clamp around a pin; the left half-arc clamp and the right half-arc clamp are both equipped with a tightening hydraulic cylinder and a guide wheel, and the tightening hydraulic cylinder is symmetrically arranged on the left half-arc clamp and the right half-arc clamp; when the top clamp and the middle clamp slide up and down, the guide wheels in the top clamp and the middle clamp press against the outer wall of the wind turbine tower to prevent the clamp from shaking left and right, so that the clamp slides up and down along the axis of the wind turbine tower.

[0012] Furthermore, the left half hoop is equipped with two tightening hydraulic cylinders and four guide wheels, and the right half hoop is equipped with two tightening hydraulic cylinders and three guide wheels.

[0013] Furthermore, a crane hanging point is welded on the outer wall of the wind turbine tower. The crane hanging points are distributed along the circumference of the wind turbine tower and correspond to the tightening hydraulic cylinder installed on the clamp. The crane hanging points are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the wind turbine tower, and their spacing is the same as the lifting hydraulic cylinder stroke of the lifting clamp.

[0014] Furthermore, the shape of the crane hanging point is square, with a square hole in the middle, and the square hole is adapted to the cylinder head arc plate of the tightening hydraulic cylinder.

[0015] Furthermore, the top hoop is equipped with a transfer fixed pulley, and the middle hoop is equipped with a middle rotating pulley. The rope system in the hoop lifting winch passes through the middle rotating pulley on the middle hoop, the transfer fixed pulley on the top hoop, and then returns to the middle rotating pulley on the middle hoop and is fixed at the dead rope node on the top hoop to form a complete lifting wheel system.

[0016] Furthermore, a power unit is installed inside the crane column, and the power unit is an electric drive or a fully hydraulic drive device.

[0017] Furthermore, the crane column is one of cylindrical, elliptical, square and lattice-shaped.

[0018] A method for installing a self-climbing crane based on a wind turbine tower body comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: Use a crane to hoist the bottom section of the wind turbine tower into place and secure it to the foundation with bolts;

[0020] Step 2: Use a crane to hoist the self-climbing crane onto the wind turbine tower, and tighten the wind turbine tower with the top, middle, and bottom clamps, with the lifting hydraulic cylinder in an extended state.

[0021] Step 3: Loosen the middle clamp, start the clamp hoist winch to lift the middle clamp to the upper layer, and then the middle clamp will hold the wind turbine tower tightly.

[0022] Step 4: Loosen the bottom clamp, the lifting hydraulic cylinder contracts, and the entire structure of the self-climbing crane is lifted upwards;

[0023] Step 5: Loosen the top clamp and lift the top clamp with the lifting hydraulic cylinder.

[0024] Step 6: Loosen the middle clamp and start the clamp hoist winch to lift the middle clamp to the upper level. The middle clamp will then hold the wind turbine tower tightly. The crane will then lift the next new tower section to increase the tower height.

[0025] Step seven: Repeat the above steps until the last section of the tower is hoisted.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] The present invention provides a new solution and supporting mechanical equipment for the hoisting of wind turbines; it is particularly suitable for ultra-high wind turbine towers with a height of more than 140m, and is more suitable for mountainous areas, residential areas, industrial plants and other areas with many site restrictions, where traditional large-scale wind turbine hoisting cranes cannot or are difficult to access.

[0028] The equipment can achieve an increase in the height of the lifting point by relying on the height of the tower itself. The combination of pulling and lifting equipment solves the problems of difficult lifting of wind turbine nacelles, hubs, blades, and towers, the need for large lifting equipment, high manufacturing costs of large equipment, small quantities, uncontrollable schedules, extremely expensive rentals, and inconvenient on-site transportation.

[0029] Traditional cranes must be taller than the wind turbine tower, typically with booms exceeding 150 meters and a total crane weight exceeding 800 tons. This design requires only 150 tons of steel structure, with a boom length of only about 35 meters, saving over 65% of steel in the steel structure alone.

[0030] The equipment has a compact structure, light weight, small footprint, easy transportation, high degree of automation and specialization. The overall project cost of completing a lifting operation is far less than that of traditional wind turbine cranes used to complete the same operation task; it far exceeds existing solutions in terms of economy, construction cycle and operability.

[0031] The clamping hoop is integrated with a hydraulic cylinder that can be freely extended and retracted. It is an adjustable and flexible design that is suitable for hoisting wind turbines of any height and any tower diameter currently on the market. The equipment has wide versatility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a self-climbing crane based on a wind turbine tower body according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the top hoop, the middle hoop, the crane column and the wind turbine tower;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a top view of the hoop structure;

[0035] Figure 4 Open the top view of the structure for the clamp;

[0036] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a crane hanging point welded to the outer wall of a wind turbine tower;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the tightening hydraulic cylinder in the clamp and the crane hanging point;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the state where the tightening hydraulic cylinder is embedded in the crane hanging point;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the tightening hydraulic cylinder exiting the crane hanging point;

[0040] Figure 9 The figure is a schematic diagram of the working process of the self-climbing crane based on the wind turbine tower body of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the self-climbing crane based on the wind turbine tower body of the present invention includes a top hoop 7, a crane column 8, a middle hoop 9, a bottom hoop 10, a wind turbine tower 11, a hoop lifting winch 12, a lifting hydraulic cylinder 13, and a crane 31.

[0043] The crane 31 comprises a main hook 1, a main lifting boom 2, a slewing platform 3, a main hoisting mechanism 4, a luffing hydraulic cylinder 5, and a luffing hydraulic cylinder support frame 6. The main hook 1 is connected to a pulley system at the top of the main lifting boom 2 via a steel wire rope. To reduce the lifting tension of a single steel wire rope, a multi-rate movable pulley system is used. The main hook 1 is powered by the main hoisting mechanism 4 and a winch located on the back of the main lifting boom 2. The main boom 2 is a truss-type steel structure with a compact structure, strong lifting capacity, good stability, and light weight. The slewing platform 3 rotates via a motor-reducer-gear mechanism drive system, expanding the working range of equipment lifting. The main boom 2 is hinged to the slewing platform 3 via a pin and rotates around the pin. The pitch adjustment and luffing of the main boom 2 are achieved by the luffing hydraulic cylinder 5. The luffing hydraulic cylinder 5 is connected to the main boom 2 at one end via a pin connection and to a support frame 6 integrated into the slewing platform 3 at the other end. The support frame 6 has a certain height in order to reduce the length of the hydraulic cylinder 5; when the boom is lifting the heaviest equipment such as the engine room, the hydraulic cylinder is retracted to a nearly vertical equilibrium state in order to reduce the load on the boom-changing hydraulic cylinder; at this time, the hydraulic cylinder only needs a smaller load to achieve the boom-changing.

[0044] The main force transmission structure is the crane column 8, which is connected to the wind turbine tower 11 via the top clamp 7, middle clamp 9, and bottom clamp 10. The crane column 8 transmits the lifting load and bending moment carried by the crane system to the wind turbine tower 11 through the top clamp 7, middle clamp 9, and bottom clamp 10. The crane column 8 does not rotate relative to the main body of the wind turbine tower 11; the jib, main hook, and boom lever of the slewing platform 3 above the crane column 8 can freely rotate 360 ​​degrees relative to the crane column 8. T-shaped tracks 32 are installed on both sides of the crane column 8. The top clamp 7 and middle clamp 9 are connected to the crane column 8's T-shaped tracks 32 via sliding tracks 22 thereon. The top clamp 7 and middle clamp 9 can slide axially on the crane column 8's T-shaped tracks 31. The bottom clamp 10 and the crane column 8 are hinged via a pin. Power units such as the hydraulic pump unit and motor inverter are integrated within the crane column 8, fully utilizing the internal cavity space of the column, minimizing the system's footprint and simplifying its appearance. A hoist winch 12 is installed on the underside of the top hoop 7. This hoist winch 12 is connected to the middle hoop 9 via a rope. After the top hoop 7 securely grips the wind turbine tower 11, the hoist winch 12 is used to lift the middle hoop 9, thereby raising the middle hoop 9. A lifting hydraulic cylinder 13 is installed on the crane column 8. One end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 13 is hinged to the top hoop 7, and the middle end 29 is hinged to the crane column 8. After the middle hoop 9 is tightened, the lifting hydraulic cylinder 13 is retracted to lift the entire lifting equipment, thereby increasing its overall height. This is how the crane self-climbs. See the following for a detailed description.

[0045] Once the crane is in place and the three-layer clamps are tightened, the hoisting can begin. All wind turbine components, including towers, nacelles, generators, hubs, and blades, can be installed, disassembled, and replaced.

[0046] The lifting mechanism between the three hoop hoists primarily consists of a combined lifting mechanism, coordinated by the hoop hoist winch 12 and the lifting hydraulic cylinder 13. First, the hoop hoist winch 12's lifting mechanism is used to lift the middle hoop 9 while the top hoop 7 is fixed. The top hoop 7 is equipped with a transfer fixed pulley 27, and the middle hoop 9 is equipped with a middle rotating pulley 26. The rope exits the hoop hoist winch 12, passes through the middle rotating pulley 26 on the middle hoop, and returns to the transfer fixed pulley 27 on the top hoop 27, then to the middle rotating pulley 26 on the middle hoop. After exiting the pulleys, it is secured at the dead rope knot 28 on the top hoop 7, forming a complete lifting gear train. Second, the lifting hydraulic cylinder 13's jacking mechanism is used to secure the top hoop 7, lifting and jacking the crane column 8 and top hoop 7, thereby increasing the overall height of the crane.

[0047] like Figure 3As shown in Figure 4, each layer of the hoop is a circular box-shaped steel structure with an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the wind turbine tower 11. The structure includes a tightening hydraulic cylinder 19, a guide wheel 20, a hoop opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 21, a sliding track 22, a left half hoop 23, and a right half hoop 24. Each layer of the hoop is divided into two left and right half-arc hoops. The left half hoop 23 is free and connected to the right half hoop 24 via two pins. The right half hoop 24 is connected to the box-shaped steel structure and the sliding track 22. The left half hoop 23 and the right half hoop 24 are connected by a hoop opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 21. The left half hoop is controlled by the hoop opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 21 to rotate with the right half hoop 24 around a pin 30. When the hoop opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 21 is pushed and pulled into place, the pin holes of the left half hoop 23 and the right half hoop 24 completely overlap, and the hoop is pinned and secured to form a complete hoop. The hoop is attached to the outer wall of the tower.

[0048] Both the left half hoop 23 and the right half hoop 24 are equipped with a tightening hydraulic cylinder 19 and a guide wheel 20. The left half hoop 23 is equipped with two tightening hydraulic cylinders 19 and four guide wheels 20, while the right half hoop 24 is equipped with two tightening hydraulic cylinders 19 and three guide wheels 20. The opening and closing of the left half hoop 23 and the right half hoop 24 are driven by the hoop opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 21. After the hoop opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 21 drives the left half hoop 23 into place, the hoop forms a complete frame. The internally integrated tightening hydraulic cylinder 19 is pushed out, and the arc plate connected to the cylinder head of the tightening hydraulic cylinder 19 is embedded in the support hanging point 18 on the outside of the tower wall to achieve tightening. The guide wheel 20 provides guidance and support when the hoop moves up and down.

[0049] When the top hoop 7 and the middle hoop 9 slide up and down, that is, the hoop slides up and down along the T-shaped tracks 32 on both sides of the crane column 8, the guide wheel 20 inside the hoop presses against the outer wall of the wind turbine tower 11 to prevent the hoop from shaking left and right, and ensure that the hoop is in the correct direction along the wind turbine tower 11. To complete the above operation, the wind turbine tower structure needs to be fine-tuned. That is, auxiliary hanging points need to be welded on the outside of the wall of the wind turbine tower 11 to connect with the hoop. Support the hoop to prevent the crane from falling. The basic structure is shown in the figure below:

[0050] The crane hanging points 18 are evenly distributed along the tower's axial direction, with their spacing being the same as the stroke of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 13 of the lifting hoop. The crane hanging points 18 are distributed along the circumference of the wind turbine tower 11, and their number depends on the number of hydraulic cylinders 19 installed on the hoop, which is four in the present invention. The crane hanging points 18 are steel plates of a certain thickness, welded to the outer wall of the wind turbine tower 11. They are square in shape with a square hole in the center to facilitate the insertion and tightening of the hydraulic cylinder 19 of the hoop. The hydraulic cylinder 19 integrated within the hoop is pushed into the crane hanging point 18, providing support to overcome gravity in the vertical direction and supporting the tower horizontally, completely clamping it. If the entire system's load were supported solely by the friction of the hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic cylinder would have to be very large. Therefore, a certain number of crane hanging points are welded here. Although there is more steel structure, the hydraulic cylinder can be made very small.

[0051] When securing the hoop, the hydraulic cylinders 19 inside the hoop advance forward, inserting the front push block into the crane attachment point 18. Further advancement allows the front push block to contact the outer wall of the wind turbine tower 11, achieving complete tightening. The symmetrical arrangement of the hydraulic cylinders 19 ensures balanced force during hoisting. When the hoop needs to be moved up or down, the hydraulic cylinders 19 withdraw from the crane attachment point 18, disengaging the hoop from the crane attachment point and allowing it to move up and down, guided by the hoist winch, the hydraulic cylinders, and the guide wheels 20.

[0052] like Figure 7 As shown, the tightening hydraulic cylinder 19 is embedded in the crane hanging point 18, and the clamp is tightened at this time, so that hoisting and lifting operations can be carried out.

[0053] like Figure 8 As shown, the tightening hydraulic cylinder 19 is in the exit state, and the hoop and the crane hanging point 18 are separated. At this time, the hoop can move up and down.

[0054] like Figure 9 As shown, the self-climbing crane based on the wind turbine tower of the present invention has one of the core actions of its working principle: climbing, which is mainly based on a complete set of clamping, winch pulling, hydraulic cylinder lifting, and clamp sliding mechanisms. The typical working principle diagram is as follows:

[0055] Step 1: First, with the help of a common 300-ton crane, hoist the wind turbine tower 11 at the bottom section into place. The wind turbine tower 11 at the bottom section is connected to the foundation by bolts (see Figure 9 A).

[0056] Step 1: With the help of a small crane, hoist the self-climbing crane onto the wind turbine tower 11; the top hoop 7, the middle hoop 9, and the bottom hoop 10 clamp the wind turbine tower 11 tightly; the lifting hydraulic cylinder 13 is in an extended state, with one end fixedly hinged to the top hoop 7 and the middle end fixedly hinged to the crane column 8; prepare for self-climbing and hoisting operations (see Figure 9 B in the figure is the initial state).

[0057] Step 3: The middle hoop 9 is loosened and lifted to the upper level by the hoop hoist winch 12, and the middle hoop 9 is clamped and fixed. The hoop hoist winch 12 is fixed to the top hoop 7 and its rope is connected to the middle hoop 9 through a pulley mechanism. The hoop hoist winch 12 rotates to pull the middle hoop 9 up and down along the T-shaped track 32 of the crane column 8 (see Figure 9 C).

[0058] Step 4: The bottom hoop 10 is loosened, and the lifting hydraulic cylinder 13 is retracted. The upper end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 13 is connected to the top hoop 7 and the middle part is connected to the crane column 8. When the lifting hydraulic cylinder 13 is retracted, the crane column 8 is lifted with the top hoop 7 as the anchor point, and the entire crane structure is lifted upward (see Figure 9 D) in.

[0059] Step 5: The top hoop 7 is loosened, and the lifting hydraulic cylinder 13 lifts the top hoop 7 to form a lift on the height of the top hoop 7 (see Figure 9 E).

[0060] Step 6: The middle hoop 9 is loosened and lifted to the upper level by the hoop hoist winch 12 and fixed. The rope of the hoop hoist winch 12 fixed to the top hoop 7 is connected to the middle hoop 9 through a pulley mechanism. The rotation of the hoop hoist winch 12 can pull the middle hoop 9 up and down along the T-shaped track 32 of the crane column 8. At this time, the next new tower section 14 can be hoisted to achieve the increase of the tower height (see Figure 9 F in.

[0061] Step 7: Repeat the above steps until the last section of the tower 15 (see Figure 9 G~K in it).

[0062] Step 8: The hoop is carried by the crane to the predetermined position. After being fixed, the crane hoists the nacelle 16, the hub and the blades 17 to complete the installation of the entire wind turbine (see Figure 9 L in the .

[0063] Step 9: Reverse the original process and return the self-climbing crane to its starting position. After disassembly, move to the next site for hoisting of the next unit.

Claims

1. A self-climbing crane based on a wind turbine tower, characterized by: It includes a top hoop, a crane column, a middle hoop, a bottom hoop, a wind turbine tower, a hoop hoist winch, a lifting hydraulic cylinder, and a crane. The crane is installed on the crane column. The crane column is connected to the wind turbine tower through the top hoop, the middle hoop, and the bottom hoop. The crane transfers the lifting weight to the wind turbine tower through the top hoop, the middle hoop, and the bottom hoop. The crane column is provided with a T-shaped track on both sides, and the top clamp and the middle clamp are connected to the T-shaped track of the crane column through the sliding tracks thereon, and the top clamp and the middle clamp can slide up and down axially on the T-shaped track of the crane column, and the bottom clamp is hinged to the crane column through a pin shaft. A clamp lifting winch is installed on the lower side of the top clamp, and the clamp lifting winch is connected to the middle clamp through a rope. After the top clamp is fixed and tightly clamped to the wind turbine tower, the middle clamp is lifted by the clamp lifting winch to achieve the raising of the position of the middle clamp, wherein, the top clamp is provided with a transfer fixed pulley, and the middle clamp is provided with a middle rotating pulley. The rope in the clamp lifting winch passes through the middle rotating pulley on the middle clamp, the transfer fixed pulley on the top clamp, and then returns to the middle rotating pulley on the middle clamp, and is fixed at the dead rope node on the top clamp to form a complete lifting wheel system. A lifting hydraulic cylinder is installed on the crane column, one end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the top clamp, and the middle end is hinged to the crane column. After the middle clamp tightly holds the crane column, the lifting hydraulic cylinder contracts to lift the self-climbing crane, thereby realizing the self-climbing of the crane. Among them, the top hoop, the middle hoop and the bottom hoop are all composed of a left half-arc hoop and a right half-arc hoop. The left half-arc hoop and the right half-arc hoop are circular box-shaped steel structures. The left half-arc hoop is a free end, which is connected to the right half-arc hoop through two pins. The right half-arc hoop is connected to the sliding track through the box-shaped steel structure. The left half-arc hoop and the right half-arc hoop are connected by a hoop opening and closing hydraulic cylinder. The left half-arc hoop is controlled by the hoop opening and closing hydraulic cylinder to open and close the right half-arc hoop. The clamp rotates around a pin; the left and right half-arc clamps are both equipped with a tightening hydraulic cylinder and a guide wheel, and the tightening hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically arranged on the left and right half-arc clamps; when the top clamp and the middle clamp slide up and down, the guide wheels in the top and middle clamps press against the outer wall of the wind turbine tower to prevent the clamp from shaking left and right, so that the clamp slides up and down along the axis of the wind turbine tower, and the pin holes of the left and right half-arc clamps completely overlap; A crane hanging point is welded on the outer wall of the wind turbine tower. The crane hanging points are distributed along the circumference of the wind turbine tower and correspond to the jacking hydraulic cylinder. The crane hanging points are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the wind turbine tower. The spacing between the crane hanging points is the same as the stroke of the lifting hydraulic cylinder. The crane hanging point is square in shape with a square hole in the middle. The square hole is adapted to the cylinder head arc plate of the jacking hydraulic cylinder. The left half-arc hoop is equipped with two tightening hydraulic cylinders and four guide wheels, and the right half-arc hoop is equipped with two tightening hydraulic cylinders and three guide wheels; The crane includes a main hook, a main lifting arm, a rotating platform, a main lifting mechanism, a luffing hydraulic cylinder, and a luffing hydraulic cylinder support frame. The main lifting arm is hinged to the rotating platform through a pin shaft. One end of the luffing hydraulic cylinder is connected to the main lifting arm through a pin shaft, and the other end is connected to the luffing hydraulic cylinder support frame integrated on the rotating platform; the main hook connects the wheel system at the top of the main lifting arm to the winch of the main lifting mechanism on the back of the main arm through a steel wire rope; the rotating platform is connected to the motor reducer drive system.

2. The self-climbing crane based on the wind turbine tower body according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A power unit is installed inside the crane column, and the power unit is an electric drive or a fully hydraulic drive device.

3. The self-climbing crane based on the wind turbine tower body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crane column is in one of the following shapes: cylindrical, elliptical, square and lattice.

4. A method for installing a self-climbing crane based on a wind turbine tower body according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that , including the following steps: Step 1: Use a crane to hoist the bottom section of the wind turbine tower into place and secure it to the foundation with bolts; Step 2: Use a crane to hoist the self-climbing crane onto the wind turbine tower, and tighten the wind turbine tower with the top, middle, and bottom clamps, with the lifting hydraulic cylinder in an extended state. Step 3: Loosen the middle clamp, start the clamp hoist winch to lift the middle clamp to the upper layer, and then the middle clamp will hold the wind turbine tower tightly. Step 4: Loosen the bottom clamp, the lifting hydraulic cylinder contracts, and the entire structure of the self-climbing crane is lifted upwards; Step 5: Loosen the top clamp and lift the top clamp with the lifting hydraulic cylinder. Step 6: Loosen the middle clamp and start the clamp hoist winch to lift the middle clamp to the upper level. The middle clamp will then hold the wind turbine tower tightly. The crane will then lift the next new tower section to increase the tower height. Step seven: Repeat the above steps until the last section of the tower is hoisted.

Images