A motor drive system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a motor drive system, comprising a three-phase AC motor and a controller group for controlling the three-phase AC motor, wherein the stator of the three-phase AC motor adopts two or more winding units; the controller group comprises motor driver units electrically connected to each of the winding units respectively, and each of the motor driver units is used to perform operation control on the winding unit corresponding thereto; wherein the controller group centrally coordinates and manages the operation status of each of the motor driver units; the present invention adopts a controller group to centrally coordinate and manage the operation status of each of the motor driver units, and the centralized coordination and management control is achieved by communicating and summarizing the operation status of each of the motor driver units, and then the controller group determines and executes control instructions according to the operation status summary information, so as to meet the control requirements of the motor drive system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of electric motors, and in particular relates to a motor drive system. Background Art

[0002] As the Chinese invention patent application with publication number CN102497055A records in its background technology: Traditional motors, especially medium and high power motors, as important components of motor drive systems, generally use a single large capacity power driver to directly drive the motor in practical applications, or use multiple small capacity drivers to drive the motor in parallel, that is, multiple small capacity drivers are combined into a large capacity driver; the driver can be directly connected to the motor, and the structure is simple, but because traditional motors are all single winding structures, the reliability of large capacity drivers and traditional motors in complex application environments is reduced to varying degrees. If any problem occurs in the winding or driver during system operation, the system will be paralyzed and completely unable to work; and the use of each small capacity driver needs to be connected to the motor through an inductor network, which has a complex structure and is not reliable in complex application environments. In particular, if there is a problem with the motor, the system will not work at all. Therefore, the existing motor drive system for medium and high power motors has low reliability and high cost.

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the Chinese invention patent application with publication number CN102497055A proposes to wind multiple sets of windings in parallel on the motor stator, each set of functional windings is externally connected to a corresponding driver or powered by an AC power supply, and can work independently to make the motor run normally.

[0004] However, the applicant found that the design of arranging multiple sets of functional windings in the stator makes the winding process complicated. Arranging multiple sets of windings in the stator slots at the same time places high requirements on the insulation of the stator slots. The insulation is prone to failure and causes coil short circuit problems. This places high requirements on the manufacturing of the stator structure and poor motor reliability.

[0005] It should also be pointed out that CN102497055A adopts multiple small-capacity drivers to control each set of functional windings respectively. Although it solves the problem of unreliability and high cost of using large-capacity drivers (single or multiple small-capacity drivers) to a certain extent, the applicant finds that the use of multiple drivers will lead to differences in related parameters between the drivers or failure of some components, which will lead to failure or uncontrolled control of the entire drive system, and the fault tolerance rate is poor. Moreover, when the technology is applied to the field of electric vehicles, it is difficult to achieve unified charging management of the batteries of each driver due to differences. Therefore, the technology cannot be applied in the field of electric vehicles.

[0006] Due to the existence of the above technical problems, the technology disclosed in CN102497055A has many technical bottlenecks and has not been actually applied. Therefore, the current situation that medium and high power motors have always adopted large-capacity drivers has not been actually improved. This is obviously contrary to the future development direction of the electric vehicle market to achieve higher power and high performance at a medium and low cost. Therefore, the market urgently needs to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a motor drive system, and proposes to use a controller group to centrally coordinate and manage the operating status of each motor driver unit. The centralized coordination and management control is achieved by communicating and summarizing the operating status of each motor driver unit. The controller group determines and executes control instructions based on the operating status summary information to meet the control requirements of the motor drive system.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A three-phase AC motor, wherein the stator of the three-phase AC motor has stator slots that are multiples of 3×n, where n is a positive integer greater than 0 and not 1; the stator slots are formed by every two adjacent stator teeth; wherein the stator comprises two or more winding units, each of which is wound on a different stator tooth; each of the winding units is electrically connected to a corresponding motor driver unit, and each of the motor driver units is used to control the operation of the winding unit electrically connected thereto.

[0010] Preferably, the three-phase AC motor is a permanent magnet motor or an electromagnetic motor.

[0011] Preferably, the stator comprises at least a first winding unit and a second winding unit, wherein a phase difference between a three-phase line of the first winding unit and a corresponding three-phase line of the second winding unit is equal to 0.

[0012] Preferably, the stator comprises at least a first winding unit and a second winding unit, wherein a phase difference between a three-phase phase line of the first winding unit and a corresponding three-phase phase line of the second winding unit is not equal to 0.

[0013] Preferably, a phase difference between the three-phase phase line of the first winding unit and the corresponding three-phase phase line of the second winding unit is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 60°.

[0014] Preferably, each of the winding units adopts a star connection or a delta connection.

[0015] Preferably, the output power range of the three-phase AC motor is 120W-150KW, and the input current range of each winding unit is 1-1000A.

[0016] Preferably, the magnetic flux of each winding unit is equal.

[0017] Preferably, the three-phase AC motor increases the number of turns of each winding unit to maintain the magnetic flux when the motor adopts a single winding unit, and the capacity of the motor driver unit = the capacity of the motor driver used by the motor adopting a single winding unit / the number of the winding units.

[0018] Preferably, the stator comprises at least a first winding unit and a second winding unit, wherein the magnetic fluxes of the first winding unit and the second winding unit are not equal.

[0019] The present invention also proposes a three-phase AC motor for medium and large power devices, wherein the stator of the three-phase AC motor has stator slots that are multiples of 3×n, where n is a positive integer greater than 0 and not 1; the stator slots are formed by every two adjacent stator teeth; wherein the stator includes 2 or more winding units, each of which is wound on different stator teeth; each of the winding units is electrically connected to its corresponding motor driver unit, and each of the motor driver units is used to control the operation of the winding unit electrically connected to it; the input power of the medium and large power device is not less than 1KW.

[0020] Preferably, the input power of the medium and large power device is not less than 2KW.

[0021] Preferably, the medium-to-high power device is an electric vehicle, and the input power range of the electric vehicle is 1KW-150KW.

[0022] Preferably, the electric vehicle is an electric motorcycle, an electric two-wheeled vehicle, an electric three-wheeled vehicle, or an electric four-wheeled vehicle.

[0023] Preferably, the medium-to-high power device is an elevator, and the input power range of the elevator is 3KW-50KW.

[0024] Preferably, the three-phase AC motor is a permanent magnet motor or an electromagnetic motor.

[0025] Preferably, the stator comprises at least a first winding unit and a second winding unit, wherein a phase difference between a three-phase line of the first winding unit and a corresponding three-phase line of the second winding unit is equal to 0.

[0026] Preferably, the stator comprises at least a first winding unit and a second winding unit, wherein a phase difference between a three-phase phase line of the first winding unit and a corresponding three-phase phase line of the second winding unit is not equal to 0.

[0027] Preferably, a phase difference between the three-phase phase line of the first winding unit and the corresponding three-phase phase line of the second winding unit is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 60°.

[0028] Preferably, each of the winding units adopts a star connection or a delta connection.

[0029] The present invention also proposes a motor drive system, including a three-phase AC motor and a controller group for controlling the three-phase AC motor, wherein the stator of the three-phase AC motor adopts two or more winding units; the controller group includes motor driver units electrically connected to each of the winding units respectively, and each motor driver unit is used to control the operation of the corresponding winding unit; wherein the controller group centrally coordinates and manages the operating status of each of the motor driver units.

[0030] Preferably, the controller group includes at least a first motor driver unit and a second motor driver unit, wherein a bidirectional data communication connection is established between the first motor driver unit and the second motor driver unit, wherein the bidirectional data communication connection includes a sending data communication connection and a receiving data communication connection.

[0031] Preferably, the controller group also includes a general controller connected to each of the motor driver units respectively, and the general controller centrally coordinates, manages and controls the operating status of each of the motor driver units; the general controller and each of the motor driver units respectively establish a two-way data communication connection, wherein the two-way data communication connection includes a sending data communication connection and a receiving data communication connection.

[0032] Preferably, the master controller is connected to an external display device for displaying the operating status of each motor driver unit.

[0033] Preferably, the master controller comprises a master control MCU main module and a master control communication module connected to the master control MCU main module, and the master control communication module is externally connected to each motor driver unit.

[0034] Preferably, each of the motor driver units comprises an electrically connected battery and a controller, wherein the controller comprises an MCU main module and a communication module for communication data connection.

[0035] Preferably, the operating status of each motor driver unit refers to the operating data of each motor driver unit, including data information of power supply voltage and / or motor speed and / or fault.

[0036] Preferably, the centralized coordination management control can intelligently identify the operation anomalies of each motor driver unit, and take corresponding control instructions according to the operation anomalies to ensure the normal operation of the motor drive system.

[0037] Preferably, the operation abnormality includes that the difference in the operation status of each motor driver unit exceeds a preset value and / or a certain motor driver unit fails and / or a certain winding unit fails.

[0038] Preferably, the stator of the three-phase AC motor has stator slots that are multiples of 3×n, where n is a positive integer greater than 0 and not 1; the stator slots are formed by every two adjacent stator teeth; wherein each of the winding units is respectively wound on different stator teeth.

[0039] Preferably, the winding units are wound in parallel on the same stator teeth.

[0040] The present invention also proposes a control method for the motor drive system as described above, wherein the controller group centrally coordinates and manages the operating status of each motor driver unit, wherein the centralized coordination and management control is performed by communicating and summarizing the operating status of each motor driver unit, and then the controller group determines and executes control instructions based on the operating status summary information to meet the control requirements of the motor drive system.

[0041] Preferably, the centralized coordination management control can intelligently identify the operation anomalies of each motor driver unit, and take corresponding control instructions according to the operation anomalies to ensure the normal operation of the motor drive system.

[0042] Preferably, the controller group further comprises a master controller connected to each of the motor driver units respectively, and the master controller performs centralized coordination management and control on the operating status of each of the motor driver units; the operation steps of the centralized coordination management and control include:

[0043] S10), each motor driver unit sends its own operating status to the main controller;

[0044] S20), after receiving the operation status information of each motor driver unit, the master controller intelligently identifies the abnormal operation, takes corresponding control instructions according to the abnormal operation, and sends the control instructions to the corresponding motor driver unit;

[0045] S30), the motor driver unit that receives the control instruction controls the operation of the corresponding winding unit according to the control instruction to ensure the normal operation of the motor drive system.

[0046] Preferably, the operation abnormality includes that the difference in the operation status of each motor driver unit exceeds a preset value and / or a certain motor driver unit fails and / or a certain winding unit fails.

[0047] Preferably, the operation step further includes: sending the received operating status information of each motor driver unit to an external display device for reference by external users.

[0048] Preferably, each of the motor driver units includes an electrically connected battery and a controller, respectively; the operating abnormality includes that the battery voltage data difference of each motor driver unit exceeds a preset value; wherein, when the battery voltage data difference exceeds the preset value, the control instruction taken by the controller group is: reduce the output power of the controller connected to the corresponding low-voltage battery or increase the output power of the controller connected to the corresponding high-voltage battery, until the battery voltage data difference of each motor driver unit does not exceed the preset value.

[0049] Preferably, the control target that the difference in battery voltage data of each motor driver unit does not exceed a preset value is also used to ensure unified charging management of each motor driver unit.

[0050] Preferably, the operation abnormality includes a failure of one of the motor driver units; wherein, when the operation abnormality is a failure of one of the motor driver units, the control instruction taken by the controller group is: sending the fault information to other motor driver units, and instructing other motor driver units to independently drive the motor.

[0051] Preferably, when other motor driver units independently drive the motor, the motor driver unit selectively adjusts its operating state to ensure the normal operation of the motor drive system.

[0052] Preferably, the operating abnormality includes damage to the Hall element of one of the winding units; wherein, when the operating abnormality is damage to the Hall element of one of the winding units, the control instruction taken by the controller group is: sending the Hall signals of other motor driver units to the motor driver unit corresponding to the winding unit with the damaged Hall element, and instructing it to operate normally with the Hall signal.

[0053] Preferably, the three-phase AC motor is a permanent magnet motor or an electromagnetic motor.

[0054] The present invention also proposes a motor drive system for an electric vehicle, comprising a three-phase AC motor and a controller group for controlling the three-phase AC motor, wherein the stator of the three-phase AC motor adopts two or more winding units, and the three-phase AC motor is a permanent magnet motor; the controller group comprises motor driver units electrically connected to each of the winding units respectively, and each of the motor driver units is used to control the operation of the winding unit corresponding thereto; wherein the controller group centrally coordinates, manages and controls the operation status of each of the motor driver units; each of the motor driver units comprises an electrically connected battery and a controller respectively.

[0055] Preferably, the controller group includes at least a first motor driver unit and a second motor driver unit, wherein a bidirectional data communication connection is established between the first motor driver unit and the second motor driver unit, wherein the bidirectional data communication connection includes a sending data communication connection and a receiving data communication connection.

[0056] Preferably, the controller group also includes a general controller connected to each of the motor driver units respectively, and the general controller centrally coordinates, manages and controls the operating status of each of the motor driver units; the general controller and each of the motor driver units respectively establish a two-way data communication connection, wherein the two-way data communication connection includes a sending data communication connection and a receiving data communication connection.

[0057] Preferably, the stator of the three-phase AC motor has stator slots that are multiples of 3×n, where n is a positive integer greater than 0 and not 1; the stator slots are formed by every two adjacent stator teeth; wherein each of the winding units is respectively wound on different stator teeth.

[0058] Preferably, the winding units are wound in parallel on the same stator teeth.

[0059] Preferably, the operating status of each motor driver unit refers to operating data of each motor driver unit, including data information of battery voltage and / or motor speed and / or fault.

[0060] Preferably, the centralized coordination management control can intelligently identify the operation anomalies of each motor driver unit, and take corresponding control instructions according to the operation anomalies to ensure the normal operation of the motor drive system.

[0061] Preferably, the operating abnormality includes that the difference in battery voltage data of each motor driver unit exceeds a preset value; wherein, when the difference in battery voltage data exceeds the preset value, the control instruction taken by the controller group is: reduce the output power of the controller connected to the corresponding low-voltage battery or increase the output power of the controller connected to the corresponding high-voltage battery, until the difference in battery voltage data of each motor driver unit does not exceed the preset value.

[0062] Preferably, the operation abnormality includes a failure of one of the motor driver units; wherein, when the operation abnormality is a failure of one of the motor driver units, the control instruction taken by the controller group is: sending the fault information to other motor driver units, and instructing other motor driver units to drive the motors independently.

[0063] Preferably, the operating abnormality includes damage to the Hall element of one of the winding units; wherein, when the operating abnormality is damage to the Hall element of one of the winding units, the control instruction taken by the controller group is: sending the Hall signals of other motor driver units to the motor driver unit corresponding to the winding unit with the damaged Hall element, and instructing it to operate normally with the Hall signal.

[0064] Preferably, an electric vehicle comprises an electric vehicle mounting frame and a motor drive system which are mounted and connected as one body, wherein the motor drive system adopts the motor drive system as described above.

[0065] Preferably, the electric vehicle is an electric motorcycle, an electric two-wheeled vehicle, an electric three-wheeled vehicle, or an electric four-wheeled vehicle.

[0066] Preferably, the input power range of the electric vehicle is 1KW-150KW.

[0067] It should be particularly noted that the three-phase AC motor involved in the full text of the present invention refers to the voltage input to its winding unit is a three-phase AC voltage, and its power provider is not limited to the type of AC and DC. They can be AC ​​power or DC power, among which the DC power can be finally converted into AC power after being processed by a controller. These are common knowledge and conventional technical means in the field, and will not be described in detail in this article.

[0068] It should also be specially explained that the input power of the medium-phase AC motor involved in the whole text of the present invention is the input power of the medium-to-high power device using the three-phase AC motor.

[0069] Advantages of the present invention:

[0070] 1. The present invention breaks the limitation of thinking for the first time and adopts a structural design of multiple winding units respectively arranged on different stator teeth for three-phase AC motors, thereby realizing the use of multiple small-capacity motor driver units for the control of each winding unit. Through such a clever structural design, the applicant finds that it not only effectively solves the problem of unreliable performance and high cost of large-capacity drivers, but more importantly, it does not need to adopt multiple sets of functional windings in the same stator slot as proposed in CN102497055A. Instead, by adopting multiple winding units on different stator teeth, the winding process is simple, and the stator insulation performance requirement standard will not be increased. The number of winding units will not be limited by the size of the stator slot, which is particularly suitable for application in the field of motor drive with high power requirements, such as the typical electric vehicle field; at the same time, because the present invention adopts a structural design of multiple winding units, in the actual working process, when a winding unit or its motor driver fails, other winding units can still work normally, and the direct drive of the motor will not fail. Therefore, the structural design of the present invention can effectively improve the fault tolerance of the motor;

[0071] 2. Based on the above point 1, the present invention further proposes that each winding unit of the three-phase AC motor adopts a design with a phase difference. Specifically, preferably, the phase difference range of each phase winding corresponding to each winding unit can be set to be greater than 0 and less than or equal to 60°; through the motor phase structure design of multiple winding units with different phase differences, after the back electromotive force detection and verification of each winding unit, each winding unit adopts a design with a phase difference to reduce the low-order harmonics of the motor, thereby ensuring the stability of the motor torque, and ultimately effectively improving the motor performance and its operating efficiency;

[0072] 3. Based on the above points 1 and 2, the present invention further proposes to apply the above three-phase AC motor to medium and large power devices with an input power of not less than 1KW, which can be electric vehicles or elevators, so that these medium and large power devices can realize the structural setting of small-capacity motor drivers, avoiding many technical problems existing in the use of a single large-capacity motor driver. At the same time, the present invention also makes it technically feasible for these devices to achieve higher power while ensuring reliable performance;

[0073] 4. The present invention also creatively proposes for the first time a motor drive system structure design using a controller group, wherein the controller group centrally coordinates and manages the operating status of each motor drive unit. The centralized coordination and management control is performed by communicating and summarizing the operating status of each motor drive unit. The controller group determines and executes control instructions based on the operating status summary information to meet the control requirements of the motor drive system.

[0074] 4.1 Specifically preferably, when the motor adopts 2-3 or other small number of winding units, two-way data communication connection can be used between these different motor drive units to realize communication sharing aggregation, and then the control instructions are determined and executed according to the running status summary information to meet the control requirements of the motor drive system;

[0075] 4.2 Specifically preferably, when the motor adopts 3 or more winding units, the controller group performs centralized coordination management and control of multiple motor drive units (each motor drive unit is equivalent to the motor drive system of the prior art) by setting a master controller. Specifically, the control instructions and the data transmission of the operating status of each motor drive unit can be realized through the two-way data communication connection between the master controller and each motor drive unit, thereby realizing the centralized management of multiple motor drive units. The control structure is simple, effective and reliable. Of course, the technical solution of the master controller is also suitable for motors with 2 winding units. The specific selection can be made according to actual needs.

[0076] 4.3 Preferably, during implementation, the controller group can intelligently identify various abnormal operation conditions, including the difference in the operation status of each motor driver unit exceeding a preset value and / or a failure of a motor driver unit and / or a failure of a winding unit, through centralized coordination and management control, and take corresponding control instructions according to the abnormal operation conditions, ultimately ensuring the normal operation of the motor drive system;

[0077] 5. The present invention is further preferred. On the basis of the above-mentioned point 4, a control method is specifically proposed for various abnormal operation situations: when the Hall element of the controller or winding unit fails, other controllers can be instructed to drive independently or send the Hall signal of other winding units to share with the faulty winding unit to ensure the normal driving operation of the motor; when the operating states of the motor drive units are inconsistent, the performance of the motor drive system will not only be affected, but also when it is applied to the power drive in the field of electric vehicles, once the battery voltage is inconsistent, it will not only make it difficult to carry out unified charging management but also difficult to achieve normal motor start. Therefore, the controller group will avoid the situation that the battery voltage of each motor drive unit is inconsistent by pre-setting the battery voltage difference limit when the motor is running; in this way, the present invention can improve the fault tolerance of the motor drive system and effectively ensure the normal operation of the motor drive system through the technical solution of coordinating and managing multiple controllers, and thus effectively guarantee the user's performance, and can also achieve good unified battery charging management, without causing any difficulty to the subsequent maintenance management;

[0078] 6. On the basis of the above points 3, 4 and 5, the present invention further proposes to apply the above motor drive system to the field of electric vehicles as a motor drive system for electric vehicles, which effectively improves the current technical bottlenecks of low reliability and high cost of electric vehicles in the medium and high power markets, and can effectively promote the development of the future electric vehicle market with higher power and higher performance at a medium and low cost, so that the industrialization process of electric vehicles with higher power and higher performance can be brought forward, so that electric vehicles can provide users with better experience and greater convenience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0079] Attached Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a permanent magnet synchronous hub motor 100 according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0080] Attached Figure 2 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a stator 20 and a permanent magnet outer rotor 40 according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0081] Attached Figure 3 Yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure enlargement in the middle;

[0082] Attached Figure 4 is a structural distribution diagram of a stator winding unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0083] Attached Figure 5 is a structural distribution diagram of stator winding units of comparative examples 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention;

[0084] Attached Figure 6 is a structural distribution diagram of a stator winding unit according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0085] Attached Figure 7 is a structural distribution diagram of a stator winding unit according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0086] Attached Figure 8 is a structural distribution diagram of a stator winding unit according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention;

[0087] Attached Fig. 9 is a structural distribution diagram of a stator winding unit according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention;

[0088] Attached Fig.10 is a structural distribution diagram of a stator winding unit according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention;

[0089] Attached Fig.11 is a stator winding unit structure distribution diagram of Comparative Example 4 of the present invention;

[0090] Attached Fig.12 is a structural distribution diagram of a stator winding unit according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention;

[0091] Attached Fig.13is a stator winding unit structure distribution diagram of Comparative Example 5 of the present invention;

[0092] Attached Fig.14 is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the motor drive system of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0093] Attached Fig.15 Yes Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the module structure of the controller group;

[0094] Attached Fig.16 is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the controller group of embodiment 13 of the present invention;

[0095] Attached Fig.17 is a structural distribution diagram of a stator winding unit according to Embodiment 11 of the present invention;

[0096] Attached Fig.18 is a stator winding unit structure distribution diagram of Comparative Example 6 of the present invention;

[0097] Attached Fig.19 is a back electromotive force curve diagram of the stator winding unit of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0098] Attached Fig. 20 It is a back electromotive force curve diagram of the stator winding unit of embodiment 14 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0099] An embodiment of the present invention discloses a motor drive system, including a three-phase AC motor and a controller group for controlling the three-phase AC motor, wherein the stator of the three-phase AC motor adopts two or more winding units; the controller group includes motor driver units electrically connected to each winding unit respectively, and each motor driver unit is used to control the operation of the winding unit corresponding to it; wherein the controller group centrally coordinates and manages the operation status of each motor driver unit.

[0100] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0101] Embodiment 1:

[0102] This embodiment 1 proposes an electric vehicle, including an electric vehicle mounting frame and a motor drive system that are installed and connected as one. Specifically in this embodiment, the electric vehicle is an electric motorcycle, and its input power range is 400W-10KW, and more preferably, its input power range is 1KW-10KW. Within the range of medium and high power electric vehicles, the technical effect of the present invention will be better;

[0103] See also Fig.14 As shown, the motor drive system in this embodiment includes a three-phase AC motor and a controller group for controlling the three-phase AC motor. Specifically, preferably, in this embodiment 1, the three-phase AC motor is a permanent magnet motor. More specifically, in this embodiment, a permanent magnet synchronous hub motor is used;

[0104] See also Figure 1 The permanent magnet synchronous hub motor 100 shown in the figure comprises a stator 20 connected to the motor shaft 10 as an integral body, a permanent magnet outer rotor 40 connected to the electric vehicle hub 30 as an integral body, magnetically coupled to the stator 20 and coaxially output, a front end cover 50 and a rear end cover 60 mounted on both ends of the motor shaft so as to be relatively rotatable by mounting bearings, and a Hall assembly for electrically connecting to the electric vehicle controller, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the stator 20 includes a stator core 21 formed by laminating a plurality of stator punching sheets, and the stator core 21 has stator slots of multiples of 3×n, where n is a positive integer greater than 0 and not 1; the permanent magnet outer rotor 40 includes a yoke ring 41 and a plurality of permanent magnet steels 42 arranged at fixed intervals on the inner side of the yoke ring 41; the stator core 21 is fixedly connected to the motor shaft 10 through the stator frame 23; the front end cover 50 and the rear end cover 60 are respectively fixed to the yoke ring by screws, and the yoke ring 41 is connected to the electric vehicle wheel hub 30 as a whole;

[0105] Preferably, in this embodiment, the outer diameter of the stator core is in the range of 105-300 mm; more preferably, in order to adapt to the general specifications and sizes of electric vehicles on the market, further preferably, the outer diameter of the stator core is in the range of 105-120 mm or 145-180 mm or 190-220 mm or 240-270 mm; specifically preferably, in this embodiment, the material of the permanent magnet steel 42 is neodymium iron boron; the outer diameter of the stator core 21 is in the range of 190-220 mm;

[0106] Preferably, in the present embodiment, the number of stator slots is 36 slots, 45 slots, 48 ​​slots, 51 slots, 54 slots, 57 slots, 63 slots, or 72 slots; the number of permanent magnet steels 42 is 40-80 pieces; specifically preferably, in the present embodiment, the outer diameter of the stator core 21 is 205.3 mm; the number of stator slots 22 is 54, specifically, the stator slots 22 are formed by every two adjacent stator teeth 24; the inner diameter of the yoke ring 41 is 210 mm; the number of permanent magnet steels 42 is 60 pieces, that is, a 60-pole magnetic pole structure;

[0107] It should be noted that, in other embodiments of the present invention, parameters such as the outer diameter of the stator core 21, the number of stator slots 22 and the number of permanent magnets 42 can be set according to the specifications of the electric motorcycle in the prior art. These do not belong to the technical content to be improved by the present invention. Therefore, those skilled in the art can select the specifications of the specific electric motorcycle within the above preferred range according to the actual needs of the existing market. These electric motors of different specifications can all implement the technical solution of the present invention, and the present invention does not specifically limit it.

[0108] Specifically preferably, in this embodiment, see Figure 4 As shown, the stator 20 uses two winding units, namely a first winding unit including three-phase lines A1, B1, and C1 and a second winding unit including three-phase lines A2, B2, and C2. The first winding unit and the second winding unit are respectively wound on different stator teeth 24, and they can both enable the permanent magnet synchronous hub motor 100 to work independently;

[0109] Preferably, in this embodiment, the phase difference between the three-phase phase lines A1, B1, C1 of the first winding unit and the three-phase phase lines A2, B2, C2 of the corresponding second winding unit is equal to 0;

[0110] Specifically preferably, in this embodiment, the first winding unit and the second winding unit are both connected in star connection, and the input current and the magnetic flux are equal;

[0111] In the winding structure setting of the present invention, specifically, in this embodiment, each phase winding coil of each winding unit is wound on three stator teeth 24 as a group. In other embodiments, the structure setting of the winding coil can be selected according to the required motor parameters. These are common knowledge and conventional technical selections of those skilled in the art.

[0112] Since each winding unit of the present invention is respectively wound on different stator teeth 24, the total number of slots of each winding unit is reduced. If the number of turns when a single winding unit is used is used, the magnetic flux of the motor will be less than the magnetic flux when a single winding unit is used, thereby causing the speed of the motor to decrease. Therefore, preferably, in this embodiment, the number of turns of the first winding unit and the second winding unit is increased to maintain the magnetic flux when the motor adopts a single winding unit, and finally ensure that the motor speed will not be reduced due to the increase in the number of winding units in this embodiment. Specifically, the formula for increasing the number of turns is: the number of turns of the first winding unit and the second winding unit = the number of turns of the motor using a single winding unit x the number of winding units (specifically in this embodiment 1, the number of winding units is 2);

[0113] Preferably, in this embodiment, the output power of the permanent magnet synchronous hub motor 100 is equal to the input power of the electric motorcycle, that is, 1KW-10KW, the speed range of the permanent magnet synchronous hub motor 100 in normal operation is 500-2000 rpm, and the input current range of each winding unit is 10-200A; the actual parameter selection can be specifically set according to the actual application needs, and these specific embodiments can effectively solve the technical problems to be solved by the present invention; specifically preferably, in this embodiment, the output power of the permanent magnet synchronous hub motor 100 is 8KW, the speed range in normal operation is 600-800 rpm, and the input current of each winding unit is 40A;

[0114] Please see further Fig.15 As shown, the controller group includes a first motor driver unit and a second motor driver unit electrically connected to the first winding unit and the second winding unit respectively. Preferably, in this embodiment, the first motor driver unit includes an electrical connection ( Fig.14 The first battery and the first controller are shown as ACC positive and GND negative, and the second motor drive unit includes an electrical connection ( Fig.14The invention relates to a motor drive system comprising: a first battery and a second controller (shown as ACC positive pole and GND negative pole), wherein the output end of the first controller and the output end of the second controller are respectively connected to the first winding unit and the second winding unit corresponding thereto; the first controller and the second controller are respectively used to perform operation control on the first winding unit and the second winding unit corresponding thereto, specifically, the first winding unit connects its three-phase phase lines A1, B1, and C1 to the first controller, and at the same time realizes the control connection of the first controller to the first winding unit through the first Hall element; the second winding unit connects its three-phase phase lines A2, B2, and C2 to the second controller, and at the same time realizes the control connection of the second controller to the second winding unit through the second Hall element; wherein the control method of the motor drive system is: the controller group centrally coordinates and manages the operation status of the first controller and the second controller, and the centralized coordinated management control is achieved by communicating and summarizing the operation status of the first controller and the second controller, and the controller group determines and executes the control instruction according to the operation status summary information to meet the control requirements of the motor drive system.

[0115] Preferably, in this embodiment, the centralized coordination management control can intelligently identify the operation anomalies of the first controller and the second controller, and take corresponding control instructions according to the operation anomalies to ensure the normal operation of the motor drive system.

[0116] Preferably, in this embodiment, the controller group also includes a general controller connected to the first controller and the second controller respectively, and the general controller is used to centrally coordinate, manage and control the operating status of the first controller and the second controller; preferably, the general controller and the first controller and the second controller are respectively connected in a two-way data communication manner, and the two-way data communication connection includes a sending data communication connection TX and a receiving data communication connection RX. The specific communication connection method can adopt a wired communication method such as UART or CAN, or a wireless communication method such as Bluetooth, GPRS, WIFI, etc. Of course, other communication connection methods known to technical personnel in this field can also be adopted; specifically preferably, in this embodiment, the operating status of the first controller and the second controller respectively refers to the operating data of the operating status of the first controller and the second controller, specifically including data information such as battery voltage, motor speed and fault, and can also include data information such as output current and output power. These can be specifically selected according to the control instructions taken in actual application. These are all conventional technical choices that can be made based on the present invention, and this embodiment will not be described one by one.

[0117] It should be noted that in all embodiments of the present invention, the controller and the master controller involved generally include an MCU main module, a communication module, and various peripheral functional hardware circuits configured according to specific application requirements. Preferably, when the present invention is implemented, the controller may also directly refer to the central control and electric control device disclosed in the prior application CN201510224976.1 of the applicant and set related functional hardware circuit modules, which can effectively simplify the wiring harness arrangement of electric vehicles. These are common knowledge in the control field and will not be described one by one in detail.

[0118] For more specific preferences, please refer to Fig.15 As shown, in this embodiment, the general controller includes a general control MCU main module and a general control communication module connected to the general control MCU main module; the first controller includes a first MCU main module and a first communication module for communication data connection, and the second controller includes a second MCU main module and a second communication module for communication data connection, wherein the first communication module and the second communication module are respectively connected to the general control communication module for two-way data communication as described above; other specific functional modules of the first controller and the second controller can directly refer to the technical content disclosed in CN201510224976.1, and the motor controller structure in the prior art can also be adopted. These are not the innovative contents of the present invention, and therefore, they will not be described one by one.

[0119] Further preferably, in this embodiment, the master control communication module of the master controller is also connected to an external display device for displaying the operating status of the first controller and the second controller. The external display device may specifically be an instrument, a lamp, a display screen or the like. The communication method may also be a wired communication method such as UART or CAN, or a wireless communication method such as Bluetooth, GPRS, WIFI or the like; for reference to external users;

[0120] Specifically, the control method of the motor drive system in this embodiment as described above comprises the following steps:

[0121] S10), the first controller and the second controller send their respective operating states to the main controller;

[0122] S20), after receiving the operation status information of the first controller and the second controller, the main controller intelligently identifies the abnormal operation, takes corresponding control instructions according to the abnormal operation, and sends the control instructions to the corresponding first controller or second controller;

[0123] S30), the first controller or the second controller that receives the control instruction performs operation control on the corresponding first winding unit or the second winding unit according to the control instruction to ensure the normal operation of the motor drive system.

[0124] Specifically preferably, in this embodiment, the abnormal operation includes the operation conditions that the difference of the battery voltage data of each motor driver unit exceeds the preset value, a motor driver unit fails, and the Hall element of a winding unit is damaged;

[0125] Further specifically, in this embodiment, when the main controller intelligently identifies that the second battery voltage data is less than the first battery voltage data, and the difference exceeds 3V (the preset value of this embodiment is set to 3V, and in other embodiments, those skilled in the art can make specific limitations as needed), the control instruction taken by the main controller is: reduce the output power of the second controller until the data difference between the first battery voltage and the second battery voltage does not exceed the preset value of 3V; in other embodiments, the data difference between the first battery voltage and the second battery voltage can also be increased by increasing the output power of the first controller to achieve a preset value of 3V, which are also conventional technical choices that can be made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention; the control target of the battery voltage data difference of each motor driver unit in this embodiment not exceeding the preset value is used to ensure the normal operation of the motor drive system, and can also be used to ensure the unified charging management of each motor driver unit at the same time;

[0126] More specifically, when the master controller intelligently identifies that the second controller has a fault, the master controller takes the following control instructions: the master controller sends the fault information to the first controller, and instructs the first controller to independently drive the motor, and selectively reduces the output speed according to the riding status of the customer, so as to ensure the normal operation of the motor drive system;

[0127] Preferably, in an embodiment of the present invention, while the above step S20) or step S30) is being performed, the main controller sends the received operating status information of the first controller and the second controller to an external display device for reference by an external user, and the user obtains the external operation required according to the displayed operating status. Specifically, when it is displayed that the second controller has a fault, the user can know that he can find a nearby maintenance point for accurate maintenance and replacement at an appropriate time. Before the user performs maintenance and replacement, the user's riding of the electric motorcycle is not affected;

[0128] More specifically, when the master controller intelligently identifies that the Hall element of the first winding unit is damaged, the master controller takes the following control instructions: the master controller sends the Hall signal of the second winding unit to the first controller, and the first controller instructs the first winding unit to operate normally with the Hall signal;

[0129] In other embodiments of the present invention, the master controller can also identify other types of faults from one or several motor driver units, or faults from one or several winding units, or other operating state differences of the motor driver units exceeding preset values ​​(such as output current or output power, etc.), and other operating abnormalities. By selectively taking control instructions for these specific operating abnormalities, it is ensured that the motor drive system can still operate normally when a fault occurs, thereby achieving a high fault tolerance rate, or timely control adjustments are made when operating abnormalities occur to avoid increasing the difficulty of subsequent maintenance and management. These can be specifically selected according to actual control requirements to select the operating abnormalities that need to be intelligently identified and the corresponding control instructions. These are what those skilled in the art can reasonably expect based on the master controller proposed in the present invention, and these all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0130] Comparative Example 1: The remaining technical solutions of this Comparative Example 1 are the same as those of Example 1, except that: Figure 5 As shown, in this comparative example 1, the stator adopts a single winding unit, and the single winding unit is electrically connected to a single motor driver.

[0131] On the basis of achieving the same motor performance, the input current of each winding unit in the controller group of this embodiment 1 is 40A, and the input current of a single winding unit in comparative example 1 is 80A. That is to say, the capacity of the motor driver used in this embodiment 1 is 1 / 2 of the capacity of the motor driver used in comparative example 1, which effectively solves the problems of unreliable performance and high cost of using a single large-capacity driver.

[0132] Embodiment 2: The rest of the technical scheme of this embodiment 2 is the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: in this embodiment 2, the electric vehicle is an electric two-wheeled vehicle; wherein the output power range of the permanent magnet synchronous hub motor is 180W-1.5KW, the speed range during normal operation is 500-1000 revolutions per minute, and the input current range of each winding unit is 1-100A; the specific size specifications, number of stator slots and number of permanent magnet steel sheets of the permanent magnet synchronous hub motor can be specifically selected according to the above-mentioned functional parameters of the permanent magnet synchronous hub motor required by this embodiment 2, and specifically, the permanent magnet synchronous hub motor for electric two-wheeled vehicles of the prior art can be selected;

[0133] Although the second embodiment can also reduce the capacity of the motor driver, since the input power of the mainstream electric two-wheeled vehicles on the market is usually between 180W and 500W, the implementation effect of the second embodiment is not as good as the technical effect when applied to medium and high-power electric vehicles with an input power of more than 1KW. However, the technical solution of the present invention can also be applied to electric two-wheeled vehicles without any technical limitations. Moreover, with the need for high-power development of electric two-wheeled vehicles, the technical solution of the second embodiment can also be applied.

[0134] Embodiment 3: The rest of the technical scheme of this embodiment 3 is the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: in this embodiment 3, the electric vehicle is an electric tricycle; wherein the output power range of the permanent magnet synchronous hub motor is 250W-15KW, more preferably, the output power range is 1KW-15KW, the speed range during normal operation is 500-2000 rpm, and the input current range of each winding unit is 10-200A; specifically preferably, in this implementation, the output power of the permanent magnet synchronous hub motor 100 is 10KW, the speed range during normal operation is 800-1200 rpm, and the input current of each winding unit is 30A, wherein the specific size specifications of the permanent magnet synchronous hub motor of this embodiment 3 can be specifically selected according to the above-mentioned functional parameters of the permanent magnet synchronous hub motor required by this embodiment 3, which are all conventional technical means in this field and will not be described one by one;

[0135] See also Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment 3, the stator 20 adopts three winding units, which are a first winding unit including three-phase phase lines A1, B1, and C1, a second winding unit including three-phase phase lines A2, B2, and C2, and a third winding unit including three-phase phase lines A3, B3, and C3. The first winding unit, the second winding unit, and the third winding unit are respectively wound on different stator teeth; specifically preferably, in this embodiment, the first to sixth winding units all adopt a star connection method, and the input current and magnetic flux are equal; wherein the controller group includes a first motor driver unit, a second motor driver unit, and a third motor driver unit respectively electrically connected to the first winding unit, the second winding unit, and the third winding unit, and the third motor driver unit includes an electrically connected third battery and a third controller; the controller group also includes a master controller respectively connected to the first controller, the second controller, and the third controller, and the master controller is used to control the operating states of the first controller, the second controller, and the third controller;

[0136] Specifically preferably, in the present embodiment, when the main controller intelligently identifies an operational abnormality, when the main controller intelligently identifies that the first battery voltage data is less than the average battery voltage of the first, second and third battery voltages, and the difference exceeds 3V, the output power of the first controller is reduced until the data difference between the three battery voltages does not exceed the preset value of 3V; for example, when the main controller intelligently identifies that the third controller has a fault, the fault information can be sent to the first controller and the second controller, and the first controller and the second controller can be instructed to drive the motor independently, while selectively reducing the output speed according to the riding status of the customer; for example, when the main controller intelligently identifies that the Hall element of the second winding unit is damaged, the control instruction taken by the main controller is: the main controller sends the Hall signal of the second winding unit to the first controller, and the first controller instructs the first winding unit to operate normally with the Hall signal. Of course, in other embodiments, the main controller can also send the Hall signal of the third winding unit to the first controller, and the first controller instructs the first winding unit to operate normally with the Hall signal; the sending order of the specific controllers can be pre-set by the main controller.

[0137] Comparative Example 2: The remaining technical solutions of this Comparative Example 2 are the same as those of Example 1, except that: Figure 5 As shown, in this comparative example 2, the stator adopts a single winding unit, and the single winding unit is electrically connected to a single motor driver.

[0138] On the basis of achieving the same motor performance, the input current of each winding unit in the controller group of this embodiment 3 is 30A, and the input current of a single winding unit in comparative example 2 is 90A. That is to say, the capacity of the motor driver used in this embodiment 1 is 1 / 3 of the capacity of the motor driver used in comparative example 1, which effectively solves the problems of unreliable performance, high cost and poor fault tolerance of using a single large-capacity driver.

[0139] Embodiment 4: The rest of the technical scheme of this embodiment 4 is the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: in this embodiment 4, the electric vehicle is an electric four-wheel vehicle; the three-phase AC motor adopts a permanent magnet synchronous hub motor, wherein the output power range of the three-phase AC motor is 3KW-150KW, the speed range during normal operation is 500-2000 rpm, and the input current range of each winding unit is 20-1000A; preferably, in this embodiment, the output power of the three-phase AC motor is 80KW, the speed range during normal operation is 1200-2000 rpm, and the input current of each winding unit is 30A; the specific size specifications of the permanent magnet synchronous hub motor can be specifically selected according to the above-mentioned functional parameters of the permanent magnet synchronous hub motor required by this embodiment 4, and specifically, the permanent magnet synchronous hub motor for electric four-wheel vehicles of the prior art can be selected;

[0140] See also Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment 4, the stator adopts 6 winding units, which are respectively a first winding unit including three-phase phase lines A1, B1, and C1, a second winding unit including three-phase phase lines A2, B2, and C2, a third winding unit including three-phase phase lines A3, B3, and C3, a fourth winding unit including three-phase phase lines A4, B4, and C4, a fifth winding unit including three-phase phase lines A5, B5, and C5, and a sixth winding unit including three-phase phase lines A6, B6, and C6. The first winding unit, the second winding unit, the third winding unit, the fourth winding unit, the fifth winding unit, and the sixth winding unit are respectively wound on different stator teeth; specifically preferably, in this embodiment, the first to sixth winding units all adopt a star connection method, and the input current and the magnetic flux are equal;

[0141] The controller group includes a first motor driver unit to a sixth motor driver unit electrically connected to the first to sixth winding units respectively, and the first motor driver unit to the sixth motor driver unit respectively include an electrically connected battery and a controller; the controller group also includes a master controller connected to the controllers of the first motor driver unit to the sixth motor driver unit respectively, and the master controller is used to control the operating state of the controllers of the first motor driver unit to the sixth motor driver unit;

[0142] Specifically and preferably, in this embodiment, the technical solution of embodiment 3 can be referred to for the intelligent identification of operation abnormalities by the main controller and the adoption of control instructions. In order to save space for description, this embodiment 4 will not be described in detail.

[0143] Comparative Example 3: The remaining technical solutions of this Comparative Example 3 are the same as those of Example 1, except that: Figure 5 As shown, in this comparative example 3, the stator adopts a single winding unit, and the single winding unit is electrically connected to a single motor driver.

[0144] On the basis of achieving the same motor performance, the input current of each winding unit in the controller group of this embodiment 4 is 30A, and the input current of a single winding unit in comparative example 3 is 180A. That is to say, the capacity of the motor driver used in this embodiment 1 is 1 / 6 of the capacity of the motor driver used in comparative example 1, which effectively solves the problems of unreliable performance, high cost and poor fault tolerance of using a single large-capacity driver.

[0145] Embodiment 5: This embodiment 5 proposes a medium-to-large power device with an input power of not less than 1KW. More preferably, this embodiment 5 proposes a medium-to-large power device with an input power of not less than 2KW. The remaining technical solutions of the motor drive system used in the medium-to-large power device are the same as those in Embodiment 3, except that: the medium-to-large power device is an elevator; the three-phase AC motor is a permanent magnet motor, wherein the input power range of the elevator is 3KW-50KW; specifically preferably, in this embodiment 5, the input power range of the elevator is 10KW; specifically, the specific size specifications, number of stator slots and number of permanent magnet steel sheets of the permanent magnet motor can be specifically selected according to the above-mentioned functional parameters of the permanent magnet motor required by this embodiment 5, and specifically, the permanent magnet motor for elevators in the prior art can be selected;

[0146] Compared with the existing permanent magnet motors in the field of conventional medium and high power household appliances or electric tools, the capacity of the motor driver used in this embodiment 5 is 1 / 3 of the capacity of the motor driver used in the prior art, which effectively solves the problems of unreliable performance, high cost and poor fault tolerance of using a single large-capacity driver.

[0147] Embodiment 6: Embodiment 6 proposes a medium-to-large power device with an input power of not less than 1KW. More preferably, Embodiment 6 proposes a medium-to-large power device with an input power of not less than 2KW. The remaining technical solutions of the motor drive system used in the medium-to-large power device are the same as those in Embodiment 4, except that: the medium-to-large power device is an elevator; the three-phase AC motor is a permanent magnet motor, and the input power range of the elevator is 30KW; specifically, the specific size specifications, the number of stator slots, and the number of permanent magnet steel sheets of the permanent magnet motor can be specifically selected according to the above-mentioned functional parameters of the permanent magnet motor required by Embodiment 6, and specifically, the permanent magnet motor for elevators in the prior art can be selected;

[0148] Compared with the prior art permanent magnet motors in the field of existing medium and large power devices, the capacity of the motor driver used in this embodiment 6 is 1 / 6 of the capacity of the motor driver used in the prior art permanent magnet motors, which effectively solves the problems of unreliable performance, high cost and poor fault tolerance of using a single large-capacity driver.

[0149] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can apply the three-phase AC motor or motor drive system of the present invention to other types of medium and large power devices according to actual needs, and the present invention does not make a sole limitation on its application field.

[0150] Embodiment 7: The remaining technical solutions of Embodiment 7 are the same as those of Embodiment 1, except that: Figure 8As shown, in this embodiment 7, the first winding unit and the second winding unit adopt a triangle connection method; during implementation, the connection method of each winding unit can be selected according to actual needs. The present invention does not make specific limitations. From the perspective of facilitating practical applications, the star connection method is a more preferred technical solution.

[0151] Embodiment 8: The remaining technical solutions of Embodiment 8 are the same as those of Embodiment 1, except that: Fig. 9 As shown, in this embodiment 8, the first winding unit and the second winding unit are wound in parallel on the same stator tooth.

[0152] Since this embodiment 8 adopts the method of winding two sets of winding units in parallel on the same stator teeth, the winding manufacturing process is more complicated than that of embodiment 1, and the possibility of insulation failure increases with respect to the stator insulation performance requirements. When more than two sets of winding units are wound in parallel, this technical problem will become more serious. Therefore, its scope of application is also greatly limited.

[0153] Since the eighth embodiment adopts parallel winding on the same stator teeth, the motor used in the eighth embodiment is not limited by the number of stator slots of 3×n times as described in the first embodiment.

[0154] Embodiment 9: The remaining technical solutions of Embodiment 9 are the same as those of Embodiment 1, except that: Fig.10 As shown, in this embodiment 9, the number of stator slots is 48; the number of permanent magnet steels is 52, that is, a 52-pole magnetic pole structure; each phase winding coil of each winding unit is wound on 4 stator teeth as a group; and in this embodiment 9, the size specifications of the permanent magnet synchronous hub motor can be specifically selected according to the actual design requirements of the motor;

[0155] Comparative Example 4: The remaining technical solutions of this Comparative Example 4 are the same as those of Example 9, except that: Fig.11 As shown, in this comparative example 4, the stator adopts a single winding unit, and the single winding unit is electrically connected to a single motor driver.

[0156] On the basis of achieving the same motor performance, the input current of each winding unit in the controller group of this embodiment 9 is 40A, and the input current of a single winding unit in comparative example 4 is 80A. That is to say, the capacity of the motor driver used in this embodiment 9 is 1 / 2 of the capacity of the motor driver used in comparative example 4, which effectively solves the problems of unreliable performance, high cost and poor fault tolerance of using a single large-capacity driver.

[0157] Embodiment 10: The remaining technical solutions of this embodiment 10 are the same as those of embodiment 1, except that: Fig.12As shown, in this embodiment 10, the number of stator slots is 12; the number of permanent magnet steels is 10, that is, a 10-pole magnetic pole structure; each phase winding coil of each winding unit is wound on two stator teeth as a group; and in this embodiment 10, the size specifications of the permanent magnet synchronous hub motor can be specifically selected according to the actual design requirements of the motor;

[0158] Comparative Example 5: The remaining technical solutions of this Comparative Example 5 are the same as those of Example 10, except that: Fig.13 As shown, in this comparative example 5, the stator adopts a single winding unit, and the single winding unit is electrically connected to a single motor driver.

[0159] On the basis of achieving the same motor performance, the input current of each winding unit in the controller group of this embodiment 10 is 40A, and the input current of a single winding unit in comparative example 5 is 80A. That is to say, the capacity of the motor driver used in this embodiment 10 is 1 / 2 of the capacity of the motor driver used in comparative example 5, which effectively solves the problems of unreliable performance, high cost and poor fault tolerance of using a single large-capacity driver.

[0160] Embodiment 11: The remaining technical solutions of this embodiment 11 are the same as those of embodiment 1, except that: Fig.17 As shown, in this embodiment 11, the number of stator slots is 9; the number of permanent magnet steels is 10, that is, a 10-pole magnetic pole structure; the stator 20 uses 3 winding units, namely a first winding unit including three-phase phase lines A1, B1, and C1, a second winding unit including three-phase phase lines A2, B2, and C2, and a third winding unit including three-phase phase lines A3, B3, and C3, and the first winding unit, the second winding unit, and the third winding unit are respectively wound on different stator teeth; each phase winding coil of each winding unit is wound on a single stator tooth as a group; and in this embodiment 11, the size specifications of the permanent magnet synchronous hub motor can be specifically selected according to the actual design requirements of the motor;

[0161] Preferably, the phase difference between the three-phase phase line of the first winding unit and the three-phase phase line of the corresponding second winding unit and the three-phase phase line of the corresponding third winding unit is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 60°; specifically preferably, the phase difference between the three-phase phase line of the first winding unit and the three-phase phase line of the corresponding second winding unit is 30°, and the phase difference between the three-phase phase line of the third winding unit and the three-phase phase line of the corresponding second winding unit is 30°. In other embodiments of the present invention, winding units with other phase differences can of course be used, which can be specifically set according to actual application needs;

[0162] Comparative Example 6: The remaining technical solutions of this Comparative Example 6 are the same as those of Example 11, except that: Fig.18As shown, in this comparative example 6, the stator adopts a single winding unit, and the single winding unit is electrically connected to a single motor driver.

[0163] On the basis of achieving the same motor performance, the input current of each winding unit in the controller group of this embodiment 11 is 40A, and the input current of a single winding unit in comparative example 6 is 80A. That is to say, the capacity of the motor driver used in this embodiment 10 is 1 / 3 of the capacity of the motor driver used in comparative example 5, which effectively solves the problems of unreliable performance, high cost and poor fault tolerance of using a single large-capacity driver; at the same time, the torque stability of this embodiment 11 is better than that of embodiment 1.

[0164] Embodiment 12: The rest of the technical solutions of Embodiment 12 are the same as those of Embodiment 4, with the difference being that in Embodiment 12, the three-phase AC motor is an electrically excited motor. Specifically, in this embodiment, the excitation method of the electrically excited motor adopts an external excitation excitation method. In this embodiment, during the rotation of the three-phase AC motor, external excitation can control the voltage of the stator to change the magnetic field it generates.

[0165] Embodiment 13: The remaining technical solutions of this embodiment 13 are the same as those of embodiment 1, except that: in this embodiment 13, the controller group does not include a master controller, and the following technical solutions are specifically adopted for centralized coordination and management control:

[0166] Please see further Fig.16 As shown, a bidirectional data communication connection is directly established between the first communication module of the first controller and the second communication module of the second controller, wherein the bidirectional data communication connection includes a sending data communication connection TX and a receiving data communication connection RX; wherein, in this embodiment, the operation steps of centralized coordination management control include:

[0167] S10'), the first controller or the second controller sends the respective operating status to the other controller;

[0168] S20'), after receiving the operation status information of another controller, the controller intelligently identifies the abnormal operation, takes corresponding control instructions according to the abnormal operation, and sends the control instructions to itself or to the corresponding controller;

[0169] S30'), the controller that receives the control instruction performs operation control on the winding unit corresponding to it according to the control instruction, so as to ensure the normal operation of the motor drive system;

[0170] While the above step S20') or step S30') is being performed, the second communication module of the second controller will send the received operating status information of the first controller and the second controller to the external display device for reference by external users, wherein this embodiment 13 takes corresponding control instructions based on the abnormal operating conditions, which are the same as the control instructions described in embodiment 1.

[0171] Embodiment 14: The rest of the technical solutions of Embodiment 14 are the same as those of Embodiment 1, except that: in Embodiment 14, the phase difference between the three-phase phase lines A1, B1, and C1 of the first winding unit and the three-phase phase lines A2, B2, and C2 of the corresponding second winding unit is not equal to 0. Specifically, preferably, in this embodiment, the phase difference between the three-phase phase lines A1, B1, and C1 of the first winding unit and the three-phase phase lines A2, B2, and C2 of the corresponding second winding unit is 60°;

[0172] By performing back electromotive force detection on the three-phase lines of each winding unit in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 14, please refer to Fig.19 and Fig. 20 The back electromotive force curves of the stator winding units of the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 14 are shown. In the back electromotive force curves, the horizontal axis is the electrical angle, and the vertical axis is the value of the back electromotive force of the corresponding phase line, in volts. Since the phase difference between the three-phase lines of the first winding unit and the second winding unit of the embodiment 1 is 0 (that is, there is no phase difference), the back electromotive force V of the three-phase line is A1 、V B1 、V C1 The harmonic order is lower than the back electromotive force V of the three-phase line of Example 14 A1 、V B1 、V C1 、V A2 、V B2 、V C2 The harmonic order of the back electromotive force of the stator winding unit can directly reflect the stability of the motor torque. Since the harmonic order of Example 14 is increased (that is, the low-order harmonics of the motor are reduced), the motor torque stability of Example 14 is improved, and ultimately the motor performance and its operating efficiency are effectively improved.

[0173] Embodiment 15: The rest of the technical solutions of Embodiment 15 are the same as those of Embodiment 4, except that: in Embodiment 15, the phase differences of the three-phase lines corresponding to the six winding units are not equal to 0. Specifically, the phase difference between the three-phase lines A1, B1, and C1 of the first winding unit and the three-phase lines A2, B2, and C2 of the second winding unit is 10°, and the phase difference between the three-phase lines of the third to sixth winding units is increased by 10° on the basis of 10°.

[0174] The principle is the same as that described in Example 14, and because the back electromotive harmonic order of the three-phase phase line of this Example 15 is lower than that of Example 14, the motor torque stability of Example 15 is better than that of Example 14.

[0175] Example 16: The rest of the technical solutions of Example 16 are the same as those of Example 1, with the difference that: in Example 16, the magnetic fluxes of the first winding unit and the second winding unit are not equal; wherein, the first winding unit is used for motor driving operation, and the second winding unit is used for generating electricity and storing energy when the motor brakes, that is, the first winding unit is used for the motor function, and the second winding unit is used for the auxiliary generator function.

[0176] The purpose of this embodiment 16 is to achieve different functional states of the motor by designing the structure of different winding units of the motor, which can realize the multifunctional application of the present invention during implementation. The applications based on this also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0177] Comparative Example 7: The rest of the technical solutions of Comparative Example 7 are the same as those of Example 1, with the difference that: in Comparative Example 7, no general controller is set, and there is no centralized coordination, management and control of the operating status of each of the motor drive units.

[0178] Since Comparative Example 7 does not centrally coordinate the management and control of the first controller and the second controller, it is found after a long period of trial operation that the voltages of the first battery and the second battery will be quite different, making it difficult to achieve effective unified charging management of the two, and even a certain winding unit may not be able to start; and when the Hall element of a certain winding unit fails or a certain controller fails, the motor cannot achieve good normal operation, has poor fault tolerance, and has a poor user experience.

[0179] Those skilled in the art can, according to the technical solutions of the above embodiments of the present invention, specifically select the number of winding units according to actual application needs. As long as the single large-capacity driver that has always been used in medium and high power motors can be implemented as multiple small-capacity motor driver units for control, the control performance is reliable and the cost is low, which effectively improves the technical bottlenecks of unreliable performance and low cost in the current medium and high power electric drive market, and effectively solves the technical bottlenecks in the medium and high power electric drive market in the prior art. In particular, it can significantly and effectively promote the development of the future electric vehicle market with higher power and high performance at a medium and low cost. At the same time, since the embodiments of the present invention adopt a structural design of multiple winding units, in the actual working process, when a winding unit or its motor driver fails, other winding units can still work normally, and will not cause the direct drive of the motor to fail. Therefore, the structural design of the present invention can effectively improve the fault tolerance of the motor.

[0180] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0181] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0182] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A motor drive system, comprising a three-phase AC motor and a controller group for controlling the three-phase AC motor, characterized in that: The stator of the three-phase AC motor adopts 2 or more winding units; The controller group includes a motor driver unit electrically connected to each winding unit respectively, and each motor driver unit is used to control the operation of the corresponding winding unit; wherein, The controller group centrally coordinates and manages the operating status of each of the motor drive units; Each motor driver unit includes an electrically connected battery and a controller; wherein the controller includes an MCU main module and a communication module for communication data connection; The controller group includes a first motor driver unit and a second motor driver unit electrically connected to the first winding unit and the second winding unit respectively, the first motor driver unit includes an electrically connected first battery and a first controller, and the second motor driver unit includes an electrically connected second battery and a second controller, wherein the first controller output end and the second controller output end are respectively connected to the first winding unit and the second winding unit corresponding thereto; the first controller and the second controller are respectively used to perform operation control on the first winding unit and the second winding unit corresponding thereto; the first winding unit connects its three-phase phase lines A1, B1, and C1 to the first controller, and at the same time realizes the control connection of the first controller to the first winding unit through the first Hall element; the second winding unit connects its three-phase phase lines A2, B2, and C2 to the second controller, and at the same time realizes the control connection of the second controller to the second winding unit through the second Hall element; A bidirectional data communication connection is established between the first motor driver unit and the second motor driver unit, wherein the bidirectional data communication connection includes a send data communication connection and a receive data communication connection; When a fault occurs in one of the motor driver units, the control instruction taken by the controller group is: sending the fault information to other motor driver units, and instructing other motor driver units to drive the motors independently; or when the Hall element of one of the winding units is damaged, the control instruction taken by the controller group is: sending the Hall signal of other motor driver units to the motor driver unit corresponding to the winding unit with the damaged Hall element, and instructing it to operate normally with the Hall signal.

2. The motor drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller group also includes a general controller connected to each of the motor driver units respectively, and the general controller centrally coordinates, manages and controls the operating status of each of the motor driver units; the general controller and each of the motor driver units respectively establish a two-way data communication connection, wherein the two-way data communication connection includes a sending data communication connection and a receiving data communication connection.

3. The motor drive system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The master controller is connected to an external display device for displaying the operating status of each motor driver unit.

4. The motor drive system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The master controller comprises a master control MCU main module and a master control communication module connected to the master control MCU main module, and the master control communication module is externally connected to each motor driver unit.

5. The motor drive system according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: The operating status of each motor driver unit refers to the operating data of each motor driver unit, including data information of power supply voltage and / or motor speed and / or fault.

6. The motor drive system according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: The centralized coordination management control can intelligently identify the operating anomalies of each motor driver unit and take corresponding control instructions according to the operating anomalies to ensure the normal operation of the motor drive system.

7. The motor drive system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The operation abnormality includes that the difference in the operation states of the motor driver units exceeds a preset value and / or a failure occurs in one of the motor driver units and / or a failure occurs in one of the winding units.

8. The motor drive system according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: The stator of the three-phase AC motor has stator slots that are multiples of 3×n, where n is a positive integer greater than 0 and not 1; the stator slots are formed by every two adjacent stator teeth; wherein each of the winding units is wound around different stator teeth.

9. The motor drive system according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: The winding units are wound in parallel on the same stator teeth.

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