Ultra-high-speed spinning equipment and spinning method using flash evaporation method

Abstract

The present invention relates to an ultra-high-speed spinning device and method using a flash evaporation method. The spinning device comprises a feeding system and a reactor. The feeding system is connected to the reactor. A processing box is arranged on the side of the reactor. A spinning system is arranged in the processing box. The spinning system comprises a decompression chamber, a swinging rod and a collecting curtain. The spinning method comprises: making a mixed liquid from raw materials and spraying it out under reduced pressure, turning the sprayed fiber bundles into a fiber net, drawing out the fiber bundles from the fiber net for collection, and completing the spinning. The problem that the existing spinning equipment is difficult to adapt to the ultra-high-speed spinning speed and the fiber bundles are difficult to collect is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of textile processing, and particularly relates to ultra-high-speed spinning equipment and a spinning method using a flash evaporation method. Background Art

[0002] In the production of chemical fibers, most of them are produced by melt spinning, followed by wet spinning. Only a small number of them are produced by dry spinning or other unconventional spinning methods. Melt spinning is to heat the polymer into a melt state, and then extrude it through a screw and cool it in the air to solidify it into fibers. At present, the spinning speed of the melt spinning method is generally 1000-2000m / min. After using special processes, the spinning speed can be increased to 4000m / min. Wet spinning is to dissolve the polymer into a liquid state with a solvent, and then extrude it into a solidifying liquid with a screw. The solvent and the solidifying liquid are neutralized, and the solute is precipitated into fibers. The characteristics of wet spinning are complex process flow, large investment, low spinning speed, and high production cost. At present, the speed of wet spinning is controlled at about 100m / min. Dry spinning is a process of dissolving a polymer into a liquid state with a solvent, and then extruding it with a screw. The solvent evaporates in the air and the solute solidifies into fibers. The speed of dry spinning can generally only be controlled within 1500m / min. However, the current investment in dry spinning is relatively large, the speed is slow, the production cost is high, and it pollutes the environment. In addition, there are currently few synthetic fibers used in dry spinning production.

[0003] Flash spin-forming technology is a process of mixing polymer and solvent into a solution under high temperature and high pressure and spraying it from a spinneret into an environment of normal temperature and pressure. The solvent evaporates rapidly when it changes from the liquid phase under high temperature and high pressure to an environment of normal temperature and pressure. The remaining polymer is extruded, stretched, and scattered through the spinneret to form a fiber bundle containing many ultrafine fibers. The speed of the fiber bundle sprayed out from the spinneret reaches more than 15,000 m / min.

[0004] Since solvents can dissolve a variety of polymers under high pressure, the flash spinning process is used to increase the types of spinnable fibers and improve the spinning speed. When the spinning speed exceeds 6000m / min, the requirements for the winder will be greatly increased. If the fiber bundle is directly drawn out through the guide disk after spinning, the requirements for the subsequent guide disk and winding equipment will also be increased. The existing spinning equipment is difficult to maintain stable operation of the spinning system during ultra-high-speed spinning, resulting in difficulty in collecting fiber bundles, and the fiber bundles need to be subsequently processed before they can be used. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides an ultra-high-speed spinning device and a spinning method using a flash evaporation method.

[0006] An ultra-high-speed spinning device using a flash evaporation method comprises a feeding system and a reactor, wherein the feeding system is connected to the reactor, a processing box is arranged on the side of the reactor away from the feeding system, a spinning system is arranged in the processing box, a wire guide system is arranged on the side of the processing box, and a wire collection system is arranged on the side of the wire guide system away from the processing box;

[0007] The spinning system comprises a decompression chamber fixed in a processing box, a screw rod reciprocatingly swinging on the side of the decompression chamber, and a collecting curtain continuously moving under the screw rod, the decompression chamber is connected to the reaction kettle, the decompression chamber is provided with a spinneret for ejecting fiber bundles, the screw rod is used to continuously change the moving direction of the fiber bundles, and the collecting curtain is used to collect the fiber bundles separated from the screw rod;

[0008] After being separated from the swinging wire rod, the fiber bundle falls onto the wire collecting curtain to form a fiber web. The fiber web is passed through the wire guiding system to lead out the fiber bundle, and the drawn out fiber bundle is collected by the wire collecting system.

[0009] Furthermore, the movement direction of the silk collecting curtain is perpendicular to the falling direction of the fiber bundle separated from the swinging wire rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the feeding system includes a solvent adding device, a solid material adding device and an inert gas pressurizing device, the solvent adding device is arranged on the side of the reactor, the solid material adding device and the inert gas pressurizing device are arranged on the top of the reactor, and the solvent adding device, the solid material adding device and the inert gas pressurizing device are respectively connected to the reactor.

[0011] Furthermore, the reactor is a sealed structure, and a heating rod and a stirring device are arranged inside the reactor.

[0012] Furthermore, the wire guiding system includes a winding device, an unwinding device, a first wire guiding device and an oiling device. The fiber web is wound by the winding device and unwound by the unwinding device, and then the fiber bundle is led out for output. The output fiber bundle passes through the first wire guiding device and the oiling device in sequence.

[0013] Furthermore, the wire collection system includes a wire guide disk, a second wire guide device and a high-speed winder, and the fiber bundle separated from the wire guide system sequentially bypasses the wire guide disk, passes through the second wire guide device, and is then wound on the high-speed winder.

[0014] Furthermore, a solvent recovery system is provided on a side of the processing box close to the reaction kettle.

[0015] A method for spinning using the above spinning equipment, the method comprising:

[0016] Add the solvent and the solid raw material into the reactor in a preset ratio, and seal the reactor;

[0017] Maintaining the preset temperature and preset pressure in the reactor, stirring until the solvent and the solid raw material are evenly mixed to obtain a mixed liquid;

[0018] The mixed liquid is output to the decompression chamber and sprayed out under reduced pressure to form a fiber bundle. The fiber bundle changes direction and falls on the collecting curtain to form a fiber web.

[0019] The wire guide system winds and unwinds the fiber web at a controlled speed, draws out the fiber bundle from the fiber web, and transmits the fiber bundle to the wire collection system;

[0020] The fiber bundle is transmitted through the guide wire disk in the collection system to the high-speed winder in the collection system for winding and collection to complete the spinning.

[0021] Furthermore, the high-pressure inert gas is one of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and helium inert gases.

[0022] Furthermore, the pressure of the decompression chamber is lower than the pressure of the reactor and higher than the air pressure at room temperature.

[0023] Furthermore, after being ejected, the fiber bundle collides with the swinging screw rod to change the movement direction of the fiber bundle.

[0024] Furthermore, after being drawn out from the fiber web, the fiber bundles are oiled by an oiling device in the wire collection system and then transmitted to the wire collection system.

[0025] The spinning equipment and spinning method of the present invention can use flash evaporation technology to realize that the ejected fiber bundles can be directly used in the subsequent weaving process after winding. The fiber bundles ejected at high speed are collected by the collecting curtain, which provides a buffer process for the subsequent extraction and winding collection of the fiber bundles, effectively reducing the requirements for the winding machine and ensuring that the spinning process is fast and stable. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be explained in the subsequent description, and partly become obvious from the description, or can be understood by practicing the present invention. The objects and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained by the structures indicated in the description, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] Figure 1The structure diagram of the spinning equipment in the embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0028] Figure 2 The internal structure diagram of the reaction kettle in the embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0029] Figure 3 The combined structure diagram of the swing screw rod and the swing mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0030] Figure 4 A side view of a silk collecting curtain according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0031] Figure 5 A flow chart of a spinning method in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0032] Description of the drawings: 1. Feeding system; 101. Solvent adding device; 102. Solid material adding device; 103. Inert gas pressurizing device; 104. Liquid inlet pipe; 105. Feeding pipe; 106. Gas pipe; 107. Solenoid valve; 2. Reactor; 201. Heating rod; 202. Stirring device; 203. Temperature sensing device; 204. Air pressure detection device; 205. Liquid outlet pipe; 206. Control valve; 3. Solvent recovery system; 301. Solvent recovery device; 302. Return pipe; 303. Recovery pump; 304. Reflux pipe; 305. Delivery pump; 4. Processing box; 401. Lead-out hole; 5. Spinning system; 501 , decompression chamber; 502, swing wire rod; 5021, buffer block; 503, swing mechanism; 5031, linear motor; 5032, push rod; 5033, hinge block; 504, silk curtain; 505, transmission mechanism; 5051, transmission roller; 506, suction device; 6, wire guide system; 601, winding device; 602, unwinding device; 603, first wire guide device; 604, oiling device; 7, wire collection system; 701, wire guide disc; 7011, first wire guide disc; 7012, second wire guide disc; 702, second wire guide device; 703, high-speed winding machine; 8, fiber bundle; 9, fiber web; 10, single fiber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] An ultra-high speed spinning device using a flash evaporation method, such as Figure 1As shown, it includes a feeding system 1, a reaction kettle 2, a solvent recovery system 3, a spinning system 5, a wire guiding system 6 and a wire collecting system 7.

[0035] The feeding system 1 includes a solvent adding device 101 , a solid material adding device 102 and an inert gas pressurizing device 103 .

[0036] The solvent adding device 101 is disposed on the upper side of the reaction kettle 2 . The solvent adding device 101 is connected to the reaction kettle 2 via a liquid inlet pipe 104 . The solvent adding device 101 is used to add solvent to the reaction kettle 2 .

[0037] The solid material adding device 102 is arranged above the reactor 2 and close to one side of the solvent adding device 101 . The solid material adding device 102 is connected to the reactor 2 through a feeding pipe 105 and is used to add polymer resin particles for spinning into the reactor 2 .

[0038] The inert gas pressurizing device 103 is disposed above the reactor 2 and on a side of the solid material adding device 102 away from the solvent adding device 101 . The inert gas pressurizing device 103 is connected to the reactor 2 via a gas pipe 106 .

[0039] The liquid inlet pipe 104, the feed pipe 105 and the gas delivery pipe 106 are all provided with electromagnetic valves 107 to ensure that the amount of solvent, solid material and inert gas introduced can be controlled in real time.

[0040] The reactor 2 is a sealed structure, and a heating rod 201, a stirring device 202, a temperature sensing device 203 and an air pressure detection device 204 are arranged inside the reactor 2. For example, the internal structure of the reactor 2 is shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the heating rod 201 is fixed on the inner wall of the reaction kettle 2, the stirring device 202 is rotatably arranged at the center of the inner top wall of the reaction kettle 2, and the temperature sensing device 203 and the air pressure detection device 204 are arranged on the side wall of the reaction kettle 2.

[0041] The heating rod 201 is used to heat the solvent added to the reactor 2 to maintain a constant temperature of the reactor 2, and the internal temperature of the reactor 2 is observed in real time by the temperature sensing device 203; the air pressure detection device 204 can monitor the air pressure in the reactor 2 in real time, so as to control the inert gas pressurizing device 103 to pressurize at any time and maintain the high-pressure environment inside the reactor 2; the stirring device 202 continuously stirs in the reactor 2 to fully mix the added solid polymer resin particles and the solvent in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment to obtain a mixed solution with uniform concentration.

[0042] The bottom end of the reactor 2 is connected to a liquid outlet pipe 205. A processing box 4 is provided on the side of the reactor 2 away from the solvent adding device 101. A control valve 206 is provided on the liquid outlet pipe 205 to control the outflow of the mixed liquid in the reactor 2. The spinning system 5 is located inside the processing box 4. The spinning system 5 includes a decompression chamber 501, a swinging rod 502 and a collecting curtain 504.

[0043] The decompression chamber 501 is fixed on the inner wall of the processing box 4 near the reactor 2. The end of the liquid outlet pipe 205 away from the reactor 2 is fixed through the side wall of the processing box 4 and communicates with the decompression chamber 501. The diameter of the end of the decompression chamber 501 away from the liquid outlet pipe 205 gradually decreases to form a spinneret hole for connecting to the outside, and the fiber bundle 8 is ejected from the spinneret hole. The high-temperature and high-pressure mixed liquid in the reactor 2 enters the decompression chamber 501 through the liquid outlet pipe 205. Since the pressure of the decompression chamber 501 is lower than the pressure in the reactor 2, but still much higher than the atmospheric pressure, after the mixed liquid enters the decompression chamber 501, the solvent cannot dissolve the polymer well due to the reduced pressure, and two-phase separation is formed in the decompression chamber 501. The mixed solution forms a liquid mixture of a solvent-rich phase and a solute-rich phase. The liquid mixture is squeezed through the spinneret hole to form a thin stream and then comes into contact with the outside world. The solvent is rapidly vaporized due to the sharp drop in pressure. Under the stretching effect of high-pressure injection and solvent vaporization, the solute is stretched at high speed before solidification to form a liquid fiber with high crystallinity and high orientation.

[0044] The swing screw rod 502 passes through the top wall of the processing box 4 and extends to the inside of the processing box 4. The swing screw rod 502 rotates on the top of the processing box 4. A swing mechanism 503 is fixed on the top of the processing box 4 to push the swing screw rod 502 to reciprocate. For example, the swing mechanism 503 is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, it includes a linear motor 5031, a push rod 5032 and a hinge block 5033. The linear motor 5031 is fixed to the top of the processing box 4, one end of the push rod 5032 is connected to the linear motor 5031, and the other end of the push rod 5032 is connected to the hinge block 5033. One end of the hinge block 5033 away from the push rod 5032 is hinged to the top of the swing lead screw 502, so that the swing lead screw 502 can swing along the length direction of the processing box 4.

[0045] A buffer block 5021 is fixed to the bottom end of the swinging screw rod 502. The buffer block 5021 is a platform structure with a larger diameter on the upper end face and a smaller diameter on the lower end face. The height of the upper end face of the buffer block 5021 is higher than the height of the spinneret hole, and the height of the lower end face of the buffer block 5021 is lower than the height of the spinneret hole, ensuring that the liquid mixture ejected from the spinneret hole will be blocked by the buffer block 5021, thereby changing the movement direction of the liquid mixture. The side of the buffer block 5021 is an irregular arc surface. For example, a plurality of V-shaped grooves are provided on the side of the buffer block, and the angle of the V-shaped grooves is 45°. The V-shaped grooves can effectively buffer the impact force of the liquid on the swinging screw rod 502, and re-aggregate the dispersed liquid mixture after contacting the swinging screw rod 502 to form a fiber bundle 8 that falls, while also increasing the time for the liquid mixture to contact the outside world to ensure that the solvent is more vaporized.

[0046] The wire collecting curtain 504 is arranged below the swinging wire rod 502, and the width of the wire collecting curtain 504 is greater than the linear distance of the swinging of the lower end of the swinging wire rod 502. The wire collecting curtain 504 is arranged to be similar to a conveyor belt structure, one end of the wire collecting curtain 504 is arranged inside the processing box 4, and the other end of the wire collecting curtain 504 is located inside the processing box 4. A transmission mechanism 505 is fixed inside the processing box 4 to push the wire collecting curtain 504 to move continuously. For example, the transmission mechanism 505 is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the transmission mechanism 505 includes transmission rollers 5051 arranged at both ends of the silk collecting curtain 504, and the silk collecting curtain 504 is sleeved on the two transmission rollers 5051 to form a tight ring, and one of the transmission rollers 5051 is connected to the servo motor, so that under the drive of the servo motor, one of the transmission rollers 5051 can drive the other transmission roller 5051 to rotate through the silk collecting curtain 504, thereby realizing that the silk collecting curtain 504 can continuously reciprocate. And it is realized that the movement direction of the silk collecting curtain 504 is perpendicular to the falling direction of the fiber bundle 8, ensuring that the fiber bundle 8 can continuously contact with the silk collecting curtain 504 when it descends, avoiding direct leakage from the outside of the silk collecting curtain 504. After the fiber bundle 8 contacts the silk collecting curtain 504 moving back and forth, it will be laid on the silk collecting curtain 504, presenting a fiber net 9 similar to a mesh belt.

[0047] The vertical distance between the collecting curtain 504 and the screw rod 502 is 3-5 times the horizontal distance between the screw rod 502 and the spinneret hole, so that the mixture has sufficient time to fall after leaving the screw rod 502. Since the solvent vaporization will absorb a large amount of heat, and the polymer solute will release heat during the solidification process, the two will offset each other, resulting in rapid solidification of the polymer. Before reaching the collecting curtain 504, the polymer solute has solidified into a fiber bundle 8. Therefore, the fiber bundles 8 stacked on the collecting curtain 504 are independent of each other, and there will be no adhesion between the fiber bundles 8. Moreover, since the spinning process is continuous and uninterrupted, the fiber web 9 stacked on the collecting curtain 504 is composed of a continuous fiber bundle 8. Therefore, the fiber bundle 8 can be drawn out again from the fiber web 9 in the state of a single fiber bundle 8.

[0048] like Figure 4 As shown, a suction device 5052 is provided on the side of the collecting curtain 504 away from the fiber bundle 8, the suction device 5052 is fixed inside the processing box 4, and the suction pipe of the suction device 5052 is provided in the middle of the collecting curtain 504 and close to the falling place of the fiber bundle 8. The suction device 5052 is used to absorb and fix the fiber bundle 8 stacked on the collecting curtain 504 on the collecting curtain 504, to ensure that the fiber bundle 8 stacked at a high speed will not escape everywhere, and can be stacked on the collecting curtain 504 relatively neatly, which is also conducive to the subsequent extraction of the fiber bundle 8. At the same time, the suction effect can make the fiber web 9 dense, which is conducive to the subsequent winding and unwinding.

[0049] The solvent recovery system 3 is arranged on a side of the processing box 4 close to the reaction kettle 2 , and the solvent recovery system 3 includes a solvent recovery device 301 , a recovery pump 303 and a delivery pump 305 .

[0050] The solvent recovery device 301 is connected to the side wall of the processing box 4 through the return pipe 302. One end of the return pipe 302 connected to the processing box 4 is arranged below the decompression chamber 501. The recovery pump 303 is arranged in the middle of the reflux pipe 304 to ensure that the vaporized solvent and the solvent accumulated in the processing box after re-liquefaction can be collected into the recovery device 301 again through the recovery pump 303. Condensation circulating water is arranged in the solvent recovery device 301 to liquefy the vaporized solvent in the solvent recovery. The top of the solvent recovery device 301 is connected to the solvent addition device 101 through the reflux pipe 304, and the delivery pump 305 is arranged on the reflux pipe 304. By setting the solvent recovery device 301, the vaporized solvent can be separated from the processing box 4, condensed into liquid, and then refluxed and delivered to the solvent addition device 101 for reuse.

[0051] A wire guiding system 6 is provided on the side of the wire collecting curtain 504 away from the processing box 4 . The wire guiding system 6 includes a winding device 601 , an unwinding device 602 , a first wire guiding device 603 and an oiling device 604 .

[0052] The winding device 601 is located on the side of the wire collecting curtain 504 away from the processing box 4. The length of the winding device 601 is the same as the length of the wire collecting curtain 504, ensuring that the winding device 601 can completely receive the fiber web 9 exported from the wire collecting curtain 504, so that the fiber web 9 can be collected into a roll on the winding device 601.

[0053] The unwinding device 602 is arranged on the side of the winding device 601 away from the processing box 4. The winding device 601 and the unwinding device 602 have the same length and rotate in opposite directions to flatten and unfold the rolled fiber web 9. After the fiber web 9 leaves the unwinding device 602, a single fiber bundle 8 is drawn out.

[0054] The first wire guiding device 603 is arranged on the side of the unwinding device 602 away from the winding device 601. The wire guiding channel in the first wire guiding device 603 is on the same straight line as the center line of the unwinding device 602. The diameter of the wire guiding channel is larger than the diameter of a single fiber 10 and smaller than twice the diameter of a single fiber 10, so that the first wire guiding device 603 can continuously lead out the single fiber bundle 8 to avoid entanglement during the movement of the fiber bundle 8.

[0055] An oiling device 604 is arranged on the side of the first wire guiding device 603 away from the unwinding device 602. The fiber bundle 8 is led out through the first wire guiding device 603 and contacts the oiling device 604, so that the fiber bundle 8 passes through the oiling device 604 during the movement. The oiling device 604 will coat a layer of lubricating oil on the surface of the fiber bundle 8, so as to reduce the friction of the fiber bundle 8 in the subsequent processing and avoid the roughness of the surface of the fiber bundle 8.

[0056] A wire collecting system 7 is provided on the side of the wire guiding system 6 away from the processing box 4 . The wire collecting system 7 includes a wire guiding disc 701 , a second wire guiding device 702 and a high-speed winding machine 703 .

[0057] The wire guide disc 701 is arranged on the side of the oiling device 604 away from the first wire guide device 603. The wire guide disc 701 includes a first wire guide disc 7011 and a second wire guide disc 7012. The first wire guide disc 7011 is located below the wire guide device and is used to push the fiber bundle 8 coated with lubricating oil to move. The bottom end of the first wire guide disc 7011 and the top end of the second wire guide disc 7012 are located on the same horizontal line, and the diameter of the first wire guide disc 7011 is smaller than the diameter of the second wire guide disc 7012, so as to ensure that the fiber bundle 8 is subjected to different traction forces when it passes around the bottom end of the first wire guide disc 7011 and then passes through the top end of the second wire guide disc 7012, and will be further pulled and stretched, so as to ensure that the fiber bundle 8 will not curl up.

[0058] The second wire guiding device 702 is arranged on a side of the wire guiding disc 701 away from the oiling device 604, and is used to limit the fiber bundle 8 separated from the wire guiding disc 701 to pass through the wire guiding channel inside the second wire guiding device 702, ensuring that the fiber bundle 8 does not shake during the falling process.

[0059] The high-speed winder 703 is arranged on the side of the second wire guide device 702 away from the second wire guide disk 7012. The length of the winding drum on the high-speed winder 703 is greater than the length of the second wire guide device 702, ensuring that the fiber bundle 8 will be quickly wound on the bobbin by the high-speed winder 703 after passing through the second wire guide device 702. The winding speed of the high-speed winder 703 is set at about 6000m / min, so that the high-speed winder 703 can not only operate stably at a high speed but also can quickly wind the wire in coordination with the spinning speed.

[0060] In this embodiment, the spinning equipment performs fiber drawing during the spinning process, and can quickly transform raw materials into fibers through subsequent wire guiding and wire collecting steps, ensuring that the wound fiber bundles 8 do not need to be drawn again and can be directly used for weaving.

[0061] The present invention also provides a flash spinning method, comprising the following steps:

[0062] Step 1: Add the solvent and the solid raw material into the reaction kettle 2 in a preset ratio, and seal the reaction kettle 2;

[0063] The solid raw material is specifically polymer resin particles for spinning, and the ratio of the solvent to the solid raw material follows the principle that the solvent can completely dissolve the polymer at high temperature. After the addition is completed, the reactor 2 is sealed to form a sealed environment. For example, if the solid raw material is a high-density polyethylene mixture and the solvent is a dichloromethane mixture, the preset ratio is a solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:8.

[0064] Step 2: heating and stirring the raw materials added to the reactor 2, while introducing high-pressure inert gas into the reactor 2, maintaining the temperature and pressure in the reactor 2, and stirring until the solvent and the solid raw materials are evenly mixed;

[0065] A heating rod 201 and a stirring device 202 are provided in the reactor 2 to achieve uniform mixing of the solvent and the solid raw material. The temperature and pressure in the reactor 2 will be adaptively adjusted as the solvent and the solid raw material change.

[0066] The high-pressure inert gas is one of inactive gases such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, helium, etc. For example, after adding the high-density polyethylene mixture / dichloromethane mixture into the reactor 2, nitrogen is introduced to maintain the temperature of the reactor 2 at 165-260°C and the pressure at 4-15Mpa. After stirring for 30 minutes, a mixed solution with uniform concentration is obtained.

[0067] By setting up a sealed environment of high temperature and high pressure, it is ensured that the solid raw materials can be melted and fully mixed with the liquid solvent.

[0068] Step three: The mixed liquid is output to the decompression chamber 501 and then sprayed out from the spinneret of the decompression chamber 501. The sprayed mixed liquid forms a fiber bundle 8 and collides with the swinging wire rod 502, changes the direction of movement, and falls onto the collecting curtain 504 to form a fiber web 9.

[0069] The pressure of the decompression chamber 501 is lower than the pressure of the reactor 2 and higher than the air pressure at room temperature, such as: a high-density polyethylene mixture / dichloromethane mixture combination, and the pressure in the decompression chamber 501 is set to 2Mpa to 12Mpa. When the mixed liquid enters the decompression chamber 501, the pressure drops and the temperature drops, and the solvent is difficult to completely dissolve the polymer. The mixed liquid will separate into two phases in the decompression chamber 501, that is, a mixed solution of a solvent-rich phase and a solute-rich phase is formed. When the mixed solution is ejected from the decompression chamber 501 at high speed, it is squeezed by the injection hole of the decompression chamber 501, and the ejected liquid stream contacts the outside world, the air pressure drops suddenly, the solvent vaporizes quickly, and the polymer solute solidifies due to the temperature reduction. Under the stretching effect of high-pressure injection and solvent vaporization, the solute is stretched at high speed before solidification to form a fiber bundle 8 with high crystallinity and high orientation. After being ejected horizontally, the fiber bundle 8 will hit the reciprocating swinging screw rod 502, constantly changing the original movement direction of the fiber bundle 8 and moving downward. During the falling process, the solvent continues to vaporize and only the stretched polymer fiber bundle 8 remains. At the same time, since the movement direction of the collecting curtain 504 is perpendicular to the movement direction of the fiber bundle 8, the fiber bundle 8 is stacked on the collecting curtain 504 after falling into a non-adhesive mesh structure, namely, a fiber mesh 9.

[0070] Step 4: The winding device 601 in the wire guiding system 6 winds up the fiber web 9 on the wire collecting curtain 504, and the fiber web 9 is reversely flattened by the unwinding device 602 and then the fiber bundle 8 is drawn out. The fiber bundle 8 is transmitted to the wire collecting system 7 after being guided and oiled.

[0071] Since the jet speed of the spinneret is very fast, the speed of forming the fiber web 9 after being buffered by the collecting curtain 504 is relatively fast, so the fiber web 9 on the collecting curtain 504 needs to be quickly rolled up. When the rolled fiber web 9 passes through the unwinding device 602, since the unwinding device 602 rotates in the opposite direction to the winding device 601, the transmission speed of the fiber web 9 can be slowed down, and the curled fiber web 9 can be reversely flattened. Since the entire fiber web 9 is laid out by continuous fiber bundles 8, the fiber bundles 8 can continue to be drawn out from the fiber web 9 after leaving the unwinding device 602. When the drawn fiber bundles 8 are transmitted, they are limited by the guide wire and then passed through the oiling device 604 to coat a layer of lubricating oil on the surface, thereby reducing the friction during the transmission of the fiber bundles 8.

[0072] Step 5: The guide wire disc 701 in the wire collection system 7 guides and pulls the fiber bundle 8, and then it is conveyed to the high-speed winder 703 after being limited by the second guide wire device 702, and is wound and collected by the high-speed winder 703 to complete the spinning.

[0073] In this process, two wire guide discs 701 are arranged horizontally, which can maintain the tension of the fiber bundle 8 during the transportation of the fiber bundle 8, prevent the fiber bundle 8 from curling during the transportation, and limit the fiber bundle 8 by using the second wire guide device 702 during the transportation to the high-speed winding machine 703, which can prevent the fiber bundle 8 from shaking significantly during the high-speed winding process and detaching from the wire guide disc 701. Since the winding speed of the high-speed winding machine 703 can reach 6000m / min, it is ensured that the winding speed of the high-speed winding machine 703 can be adapted to the silk curtain 504, and at the same time ensure the smooth operation of the high-speed winding machine 703.

[0074] The spinning method of this embodiment can match the spinning speed of the flash evaporation method to perform stable and rapid yarn collection. Since the sprayed fiber bundles 8 have high crystallinity and high orientation, the fiber bundles 8 produced by this method have high breaking strength and low breaking elongation through the subsequent solvent vaporization, ensuring that the fiber bundles after winding do not need to be stretched and can be directly used for weaving, effectively improving the spinning speed and spinning quality.

[0075] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultra-high-speed spinning device using a flash evaporation method, comprising a feeding system (1) and a reaction kettle (2), wherein: The feeding system (1) is connected to the reaction kettle (2); a processing box (4) is arranged on a side of the reaction kettle (2) away from the feeding system (1); a spinning system (5) is arranged inside the processing box (4); a wire guide system (6) is arranged on a side of the processing box (4); and a wire collection system (7) is arranged on a side of the wire guide system (6) away from the processing box (4); The spinning system (5) comprises a decompression chamber (501) fixed in a processing box (4), a screw rod (502) that reciprocates on the side of the decompression chamber (501), and a collecting curtain (504) that continuously moves below the screw rod (502), wherein the screw rod (502) is driven by a swing mechanism, and the swing mechanism comprises a linear motor (5031), a push rod (5032) and a hinge block (5033), wherein the decompression chamber (501) is connected to a reaction kettle (2), and the decompression chamber ( 501) is provided with a spinneret for ejecting fiber bundles (8), the swinging rod (502) is used to continuously change the movement direction of the fiber bundles (8), the collecting curtain (504) is used to collect the fiber bundles (8) separated from the swinging rod (502), and the collecting curtain (504) is provided with a suction device (5052) on the side away from the fiber bundles (8) for adsorbing and fixing the fiber bundles (8) stacked on the collecting curtain (504) on the collecting curtain (504); A buffer block (5021) is fixed at the bottom end of the swinging screw rod (502), and the buffer block (5021) is a platform structure with a larger diameter on the upper end surface and a smaller diameter on the lower end surface, and the height of the upper end surface of the buffer block (5021) is higher than the height of the spinneret hole, and the height of the lower end surface of the buffer block (5021) is lower than the height of the spinneret hole; the side surface of the buffer block (5021) is an irregular arc surface, and the side surface of the buffer block (5021) is provided with a plurality of V-shaped grooves, and the angle of the V-shaped grooves is 45°; After the fiber bundle (8) is separated from the swinging wire rod (502), it falls onto the wire collecting curtain (504) to form a fiber web (9). The fiber web (9) passes through the wire guiding system (6) to lead out the fiber bundle (8). The led out fiber bundle (8) is collected by the wire collecting system (7). The wire guiding system (6) comprises a winding device (601) and an unwinding device (602). The winding device (601) is located on a side of the wire collecting curtain (504) away from the processing box 4. The fiber web (9) outputted from the wire collecting curtain (504) is collected into a roll on the winding device 601. The unwinding device (602) is located on a side of the winding device (601) away from the processing box (4) and is used to flatten and unfold the rolled fiber web 9. After the fiber web (9) is separated from the unwinding device (602), a single fiber bundle (8) is led out. Wherein, the movement direction of the collecting curtain (504) is perpendicular to the falling direction of the fiber bundle (8) separated from the swinging wire rod (502); The feeding system (1) comprises a solvent adding device (101), a solid material adding device (102) and an inert gas pressurizing device (103); the solvent adding device (101) is arranged on the side of the reaction kettle (2); the solid material adding device (102) and the inert gas pressurizing device (103) are arranged on the top of the reaction kettle (2); the solvent adding device (101), the solid material adding device (102) and the inert gas pressurizing device (103) are respectively connected to the reaction kettle (2); The wire collection system (7) comprises a wire guide disk (701), a second wire guide device (702) and a high-speed winding machine (703); the fiber bundle (8) separated from the wire guide system (6) sequentially passes around the wire guide disk (701), passes through the second wire guide device (702), and is then wound on the high-speed winding machine (703).

2. The ultra-high-speed spinning equipment using the flash evaporation method according to claim 1, wherein: The reaction kettle (2) is a sealed structure, and a heating rod (201), a stirring device (202), a temperature sensing device (203) and an air pressure detection device (204) are arranged inside the reaction kettle (2).

3. The ultra-high-speed spinning equipment using the flash evaporation method according to claim 1, wherein: The wire guiding system (6) also includes a first wire guiding device (603) and an oiling device (604). After the fiber web (9) is wound up by the winding device (601) and unwound by the unwinding device (602), the fiber bundle (8) is led out for output. After being output, the fiber bundle (8) passes through the first wire guiding device (603) and the oiling device (604) in sequence.

4. The ultra-high-speed spinning equipment using the flash evaporation method according to claim 1, wherein: A solvent recovery system (3) is provided on one side of the processing box (4) close to the reaction kettle (2).

5. The spinning method according to claim 1, wherein: The inert gas is one of the inert gases such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide and helium.

6. A method for spinning using the spinning equipment according to claims 1 to 5, wherein: The method comprises: Adding the solvent and the solid raw material into the reaction kettle (2) in a preset ratio, and sealing the reaction kettle (2); Maintaining a preset temperature and a preset pressure in the reaction kettle (2), stirring until the solvent and the solid raw material are evenly mixed to obtain a mixed liquid; The mixed liquid is output to the decompression chamber (501) and sprayed out under reduced pressure to form a fiber bundle (8). The fiber bundle (8) changes direction and falls on the fiber collecting curtain (504) to form a fiber web (9). The wire guide system (6) winds and unwinds the fiber web (9) at a controlled speed, draws out a fiber bundle (8) from the fiber web (9), and transmits the fiber bundle (8) to the wire collection system (7); The fiber bundle (8) is transmitted to the high-speed winding machine (703) in the collection system (7) through the guide wire disc (701) in the collection system (7) to be wound and collected to complete the spinning.

7. The spinning method according to claim 6, wherein: The pressure of the decompression chamber (501) is lower than the pressure of the reaction kettle (2) and higher than the air pressure at room temperature.

8. The spinning method according to claim 6, wherein: After being ejected, the fiber bundle (8) collides with the swinging screw rod (502) to change the movement direction of the fiber bundle (8).

9. The spinning method according to claim 6, wherein: The fiber bundle (8) is drawn out from the fiber web (9), oiled by the oiling device (604) in the wire collection system (7), and then transmitted to the wire collection system (7).

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