Device and method for collecting micrometeorites in ice and snow

Abstract

The device and method for collecting micrometeorites in ice and snow described in the present application belong to a meteorite collection device, which is used for collecting micrometeorites in polar regions, and comprises a support foot, on which a main body cylinder connected thereto is arranged, on the side wall of the main body cylinder a cylinder jacket is arranged, inside of the jacket a heater is arranged, and the cylinder jacket comprises a jacket water inlet and a jacket water outlet; a cover plate is arranged on the top of the main body cylinder, and a through hole connected to a filter perforated mesh group is opened at the bottom of the main body cylinder; the filter perforated mesh group comprises filter meshes of different apertures arranged in layers from top to bottom; the filter perforated mesh group is connected to an explosion-proof centrifugal pump through a discharge port control valve at the outlet; the explosion-proof centrifugal pump is provided with a centrifugal pump discharge port, which can quickly discharge filtered snow water, and intercept micrometeorites of different particle sizes through multiple layers of filter layers of different apertures arranged at the bottom of the device and retain them on the filter mesh for easy recovery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to a meteorite collecting device, and relates to a device and a method for collecting micrometeorites from ice and snow in polar regions. Background Art

[0002] Since the 21st century, people generally define extraterrestrial natural solid materials with a particle size of less than 2mm collected on the surface as micrometeorites. According to statistics, the total amount of extraterrestrial materials accreted by the earth each year is 4×114 tons, most of which are micrometeorites. As the key to understanding the solar system and even interstellar space, the collection and research of micrometeorites has become a hot research field in astrochemistry and space science. Since the 1940s, the collection of micrometeorites has become an international hot spot. Especially after the 1980s, a large number of scientific results have been produced by collecting micrometeorites in the North and South Poles. my country's micrometeorite research was mainly concentrated in the 1980s and 1990s, and then it was in a state of stagnation.

[0003] Micrometeorites are collected in different ways and with different instruments because of the different places where they are collected. From 1873 to 1876, domestic and foreign scholars successively collected a large number of micrometeorites in environments with low industrial pollutants such as deep-sea sediments, inland sedimentary rocks, and deserts. With the rapid development of science and technology, the collection of micrometeorites has gradually expanded from the original ground environment to near-Earth space. In addition, as polar scientific expeditions have become a hot spot for scientific research in various countries, the collection of polar meteorites and micrometeorites has also become an important research field. 1. There are two main ways to collect in the deep sea: ① Use a magnetic metal rake to directly absorb micrometeorites in deep-sea sediments; ② Collect a large amount of soft mud or clay in the deep sea and select micrometeorites in ground laboratories. 2. The collection method in near-Earth space is to use sounding rockets, aircraft and high-altitude hot air balloons to collect stratospheric micrometeorites. 3. The collection of polar micrometeorites is also the main application field of the present invention. It started with Langway et al. collecting micrometeorites by melting fresh snow in Greenland, the Arctic; Nishibori et al. collected micrometeorites by melting ice on icebergs near the Showa Station in Japan on the edge of the Antarctic ice shelf; Thiel et al. also accidentally discovered a small number of micrometeorites in ice cores. The number of micrometeorites collected by the above work is very small, the operation method is complicated and inefficient, the ice melting method is too simple and easy to cause micrometeorite contamination, and the size of micrometeorites is difficult to distinguish. Therefore, it is an inevitable demand to design a micrometeorite collection device that can be fast and convenient. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for collecting micrometeorites in ice and snow, which can, after heating the ice and snow to melt them, intercept and recover micrometeorites of different particle sizes in layers through multiple layers of filtering perforated mesh plates with different pore sizes.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The device for collecting micrometeorites in ice and snow described in the present application includes a support foot, a main cylinder connected to the support foot is provided on the support foot, a cylinder jacket is provided on the side wall of the main cylinder, and a heater is installed inside the cylinder jacket; the cylinder jacket includes a jacket water inlet and a jacket water outlet; a cover plate is installed on the top of the main cylinder, and the bottom of the main cylinder relative to the cover plate is connected to a filter perforated mesh group; the filter perforated mesh group is composed of multiple layers of filter perforated mesh plates with different apertures arranged from top to bottom; the outlet of the filter perforated mesh group is connected to an explosion-proof centrifugal pump through a discharge port control valve, and a centrifugal pump discharge port is provided on the explosion-proof centrifugal pump.

[0007] Furthermore, the cover plate described in the present application is mounted on the main cylinder body through a cover plate hinge, and one end of the cover plate relative to the cover plate hinge is fixed to the main cylinder body through a hook-shaped bolt.

[0008] Furthermore, the filter perforated mesh plate described in the present application is sealed with the layer fixing member by an O-ring; a perforated mesh partition is provided between the filter perforated mesh group and the main cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, the supporting legs described in the present application are installed on a base frame, and a universal wheel is installed at the bottom of the base frame.

[0010] Furthermore, a clamp-type respirator is also installed on the cover plate described in the present application.

[0011] Furthermore, the barrel jacket described in the present application is also equipped with a temperature sensor.

[0012] Furthermore, the cover plate described in the present application is provided with panel reinforcement ribs.

[0013] A method for collecting micrometeorites from ice and snow using the above device comprises the following steps:

[0014] The first step is to collect ice and snow, and open the cover to put the collected ice and snow into the main cylinder;

[0015] The second step is to turn on the switch of the heater so that the heater heats the medium water in the barrel jacket. When the temperature measured by the temperature sensor reaches the set temperature, the heating is stopped and the temperature of the medium water in the barrel jacket is maintained at the set temperature.

[0016] The third step is to open the discharge port control valve and explosion-proof centrifugal pump after the ice and snow in the main cylinder are completely melted;

[0017] In the fourth step, the melted snow water passes through a filter perforated mesh group composed of multiple layers of filter perforated mesh plates in turn; and the micrometeorites of different diameters in the snow water are retained on the filter perforated mesh plates with different apertures;

[0018] In the fifth step, the melted snow water passes through the filter perforated mesh group and enters the explosion-proof centrifugal pump, and is discharged through the centrifugal pump outlet under the action of the explosion-proof centrifugal pump; after the snow water is discharged, the heater is turned off.

[0019] The sixth step is to collect the micrometeorites remaining on the filter perforated mesh plates with different apertures.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The application is designed to be light and convenient, and easy to move. It can be operated by one person, saving labor and cumbersome operation process.

[0022] 2. This application adopts a jacketed indirect heating method, which can avoid direct contact between the heater and micrometeorites and cause sample contamination, and the heating temperature is constant at around 80°C, which can continuously heat and melt ice and snow, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0023] 3. This application uses a combination of multi-layered filter perforated mesh panels with different apertures to collect micrometeorites of different diameters corresponding to the apertures. And through experimental verification, it can be known that when a filter perforated mesh group with 5 layers of different aperture sizes (such as a combined multi-filter perforated mesh structure with apertures of 500μm, 200μm, 125μm, 50μm, and 25μm) is used, micrometeorites of different particle sizes can be collected at one time. The filter perforated mesh panels and the hierarchical fixings in this application are detachable, which reduces the cost of construction and subsequent maintenance and replacement costs.

[0024] 4. In this application, the water after the ice and snow melt can be quickly discharged through a centrifugal pump, avoiding the residual water in the container and improving the efficiency of micrometeorite collection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is the main view of this application.

[0026] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of part A.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a top view of the present application.

[0028] In the figure: 1. cover plate; 2. hook bolt; 3. cover plate hinge; 4. main cylinder; 5. cylinder jacket; 6. jacket water inlet; 7. jacket drain outlet; 8. heater; 9. filter perforated mesh group; 10. filter perforated mesh plate; 11. O-ring; 12. discharge port control valve; 13. explosion-proof centrifugal pump; 14. centrifugal pump discharge port; 15. panel reinforcement rib; 16. support foot; 17. base frame; 18. clamp-type respirator; 19. perforated mesh partition; 20. temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solution described in this application is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be noted that the directional nouns that may be involved in the following paragraphs, including but not limited to "up, down, left, right, front, back", etc., are based on the visual directions shown in the corresponding drawings of the specification, and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of protection or technical solution of this application. Its purpose is only to facilitate those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution described in this application.

[0030] Embodiment 1:

[0031] A device for collecting micrometeorites in ice and snow, comprising a support leg 16, on which a main cylinder 4 connected thereto is arranged, a cylinder jacket 5 is arranged on the side wall of the main cylinder 4, and a heater 8 is installed inside the cylinder jacket 5; the cylinder jacket 5 comprises a jacket water inlet 6 and a jacket water outlet 7; a cover plate 1 is installed on the top of the main cylinder 4, and the bottom of the main cylinder 4 relative to the cover plate 1 is connected to a filter punching mesh group 9; the filter punching mesh group 9 is composed of multiple layers of filter punching mesh plates 10 with different apertures arranged from top to bottom; the outlet of the filter punching mesh group 9 is connected to an explosion-proof centrifugal pump 13 through a discharge port control valve 12, and a centrifugal pump discharge port 14 is arranged on the explosion-proof centrifugal pump 13. The cover plate 1 is installed on the main cylinder 4 through a cover plate hinge 3, and the end of the cover plate 1 relative to the cover plate hinge 3 is fixed to the main cylinder 4 through a hook-shaped bolt 2. The filter perforated mesh plate 10 is sealed with the layer fixing part by an O-ring 11; a perforated mesh partition 19 is arranged between the filter perforated mesh group 9 and the main cylinder 4. The support leg 16 is mounted on the base frame 17, and a universal wheel is mounted at the bottom of the base frame 17. A clamp-type respirator 18 is also mounted on the cover plate 1. A temperature sensor 20 is also mounted on the cylinder jacket 5. A panel reinforcement rib 15 is mounted on the cover plate 1.

[0032] In Example 1 of the present application, the main cylinder 4 can be made of SUS304 material, which is suitable for low temperature weather in polar regions and can withstand a certain high temperature during heating. However, the present application does not exclude the use of other materials that are suitable for low temperature weather and heating in polar regions. Above the main cylinder 4 is a cover 1 installed by a cover hinge 3. The cover 1 is provided with a panel reinforcement rib 15. After opening the cover 1, ice and snow can be placed inside the main cylinder 4. It should be noted that the explosion-proof centrifugal pump 13 is in a closed state.

[0033] Before or after the ice and snow are put in, a certain amount of heat-conducting medium is added to the barrel jacket 5 on the side wall of the main barrel 4. In the present application, water can be selected as the medium for heating and heat conduction, but the present application does not exclude the use of other mediums that can be heated and conduct heat under low temperature conditions by those skilled in the art. The added medium water is added through the jacket water inlet 6. When the medium water added to the barrel jacket 5 needs to be replaced, the emptying operation is realized through the jacket drain port 7 at the bottom of the barrel jacket 5.

[0034] The heater 8 used in the present application is located in the cylinder jacket 5, and it can continuously heat the cylinder jacket 5 after the power is plugged in. For example, the heating temperature can be set at 80°C, and the medium temperature in the cylinder jacket 5 is measured by the temperature sensor 20. The melting of ice and snow in the main cylinder 4 is indirectly achieved by heating the medium water in the cylinder jacket 5. This indirect heating method can not only melt the ice and snow quickly, but also avoid the contamination of micrometeorites in the ice and snow caused by direct contact between the heater 8 and the ice and snow. The power supply described in the present application can adopt mature power supply devices that can be obtained by technicians in this field in the prior art, such as batteries, solar panels, and vehicle-mounted power supplies.

[0035] In the present application, a filter perforated mesh group 9 composed of multiple layers of horizontally arranged, vertically distributed, and gradually decreasing aperture filter perforated mesh plates 10 is used to filter snow water. The filter perforated mesh group 9 is connected to the lower outlet of the main cylinder 4 through a perforated mesh plate 19, which can facilitate the passage of melted ice and snow water and collect micrometeorites of different diameters in layers. The filtered ice and snow melt water enters the explosion-proof centrifugal pump 13 through the discharge port control valve 12 and is discharged through the centrifugal pump discharge port 14.

[0036] In order to ensure the cleanliness of the air in the main cylinder 4, a clamp-type respirator 18 is installed on the cover plate 1 in the present application to filter the air entering the main cylinder 4 to prevent bacteria, particles, dust, etc. therein from contaminating the ice and snow inside the main cylinder 4, and to isolate the internal ice and snow from the external air to prevent direct contact.

[0037] In order to facilitate movement, a bracket 17 is installed at the bottom of the supporting leg 16 described in the present application, and a universal wheel is installed at the bottom of the bracket 17. This structure can be easily moved and is more convenient for single-person operation.

[0038] Based on the above structure, the specific operation steps of this application are as follows:

[0039] The first step is to collect ice and snow, and open the cover plate 1 to put the collected ice and snow into the main cylinder 4;

[0040] The second step is to turn on the switch of the heater 8 so that the heater 8 heats the medium water in the barrel jacket 5. When the temperature sensor 20 measures that the temperature reaches the set temperature, the heating is stopped and the temperature of the medium water in the barrel jacket 5 is maintained at the set temperature.

[0041] Step 3: After the ice and snow in the main cylinder 4 are completely melted, the discharge port control valve 12 is opened;

[0042] In the fourth step, the melted snow water passes through the filter perforated mesh group 9 composed of multiple layers of filter perforated mesh plates 10 in sequence; and the micrometeorites of different diameters in the snow water are retained on the filter perforated mesh plates 10 of different apertures;

[0043] In the fifth step, the melted snow water passes through the filter perforated mesh group 9 and enters the explosion-proof centrifugal pump 13, and is discharged through the centrifugal pump outlet 14 under the action of the explosion-proof centrifugal pump 13; after the snow water is discharged, the heater 8 is turned off.

[0044] The sixth step is to collect the micrometeorites remaining on the filter perforated mesh plates 10 with different apertures.

[0045] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for collecting micrometeorites from ice and snow, characterized in that: A device for collecting micrometeorites from ice and snow, the device comprising a support foot (16), a main cylinder (4) connected thereto being arranged on the support foot (16), a cylinder jacket (5) being arranged on the side wall of the main cylinder (4), a heater (8) being installed inside the cylinder jacket (5); the cylinder jacket (5) comprising a jacket water inlet (6) and a jacket water outlet (7); a cover plate (1) being installed on the top of the main cylinder (4), the bottom of the main cylinder (4) relative to the cover plate (1) being connected to a filter perforated mesh group (9); the filter perforated mesh group (9) being composed of multiple layers of filter perforated mesh plates (10) with different apertures arranged from top to bottom; the outlet of the filter perforated mesh group (9) is connected to the outlet of the filter perforated mesh group (9) by discharging the material. The outlet control valve (12) is connected to the explosion-proof centrifugal pump (13), and the explosion-proof centrifugal pump (13) is provided with a centrifugal pump discharge port (14); the cover plate (1) is mounted on the main cylinder (4) through a cover plate hinge (3), and one end of the cover plate (1) relative to the cover plate hinge (3) is fixed to the main cylinder (4) through a hook-shaped bolt (2); the filter perforated mesh plate (10) and the layer fixing member are sealed by an O-ring (11); a perforated mesh partition plate (19) is provided between the filter perforated mesh group (9) and the main cylinder (4); a clamp-type respirator (18) is also installed on the cover plate (1); and a temperature sensor (20) is also installed on the cylinder jacket (5); The method comprises the following steps: The first step is to collect ice and snow, and open the cover plate (1) to put the collected ice and snow into the main cylinder (4); The second step is to turn on the switch of the heater (8) so that the heater (8) heats the medium water in the barrel jacket (5). When the temperature measured by the temperature sensor (20) reaches the set temperature, the heating is stopped and the temperature of the medium water in the barrel jacket (5) is maintained at the set temperature. The third step is to open the discharge port control valve (12) and turn on the explosion-proof centrifugal pump (13) after the ice and snow placed in the main cylinder (4) are completely melted; In the fourth step, the melted snow water passes through a filter perforated mesh group (9) composed of multiple layers of filter perforated mesh plates (10) in sequence; and micrometeorites of different diameters in the snow water are retained on the filter perforated mesh plates (10) of different apertures; In the fifth step, the melted snow water passes through the filter perforated mesh group (9) and enters the explosion-proof centrifugal pump (13), and is discharged through the centrifugal pump discharge port (14) under the action of the explosion-proof centrifugal pump (13); after the snow water is discharged, the heater (8) is turned off; The sixth step is to collect the micrometeorites remaining on the filter punched mesh plates (10) with different apertures.

2. The method for collecting micrometeorites from ice and snow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting feet (16) are mounted on a base frame (17), and a universal wheel is mounted on the bottom of the base frame (17).

3. The method for collecting micrometeorites from ice and snow according to claim 2, characterized in that: Panel reinforcement ribs (15) are installed on the cover plate (1).

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