A multifunctional rapeseed machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a rapeseed multifunctional compound integrated machine, comprising a frame, a fertilizing mechanism, a rotary tillage mechanism, a furrowing mechanism, a sowing mechanism, a power mechanism, a sowing unit and a suspension frame for connecting agricultural machinery. The fertilizing machine comprises a fertilizer box connected to the frame, a plurality of fertilizer dischargers are arranged at the lower end of the fertilizer box, the rotary tillage mechanism comprises a rotary tillage blade shaft and a plurality of rotary tillage blades connected to the rotary tillage blade shaft, the furrowing mechanism comprises a furrow opener and a furrow cleaning shovel and a furrow supporter connected to the frame, the furrow opener is connected to the rotary tillage blade shaft, the furrow cleaning shovel and the furrow supporter are sequentially arranged behind the furrow opener; the sowing mechanism comprises a plurality of seed boxes arranged side by side on the frame, the seed boxes are provided with a sowing motor and a seed distributor, the power mechanism comprises a transmission box 1 and a transmission box 2, the transmission box 1 is used to connect to the power output end of the agricultural machinery, the transmission box 2 is used to transmit the power of the transmission box 1 to the rotary tillage blade shaft, and the sowing unit comprises a furrow opener and a pressing wheel sequentially arranged from front to back.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a rapeseed multifunctional compound all-in-one machine. Background Art

[0002] At present, most foreign seed drills are suitable for large farms, which have high requirements for land flatness. They are generally large machines and expensive. Domestic seed drills are mostly small machines that can meet the seeding requirements. They are relatively cheap, but have single functions, uneven seeding, poor operation results, and low rapeseed yields, which cannot meet the development requirements of agricultural mechanization in my country. The seeding accuracy of existing seed drills is not high, and the function is single, which leads to a complicated production process and excessively high production costs for farmers. Therefore, current agricultural production urgently needs a rotary tillage and fertilization seed drill that can complete rotary tillage, precision seeding, precision fertilization, and furrowing operations at one time and has adjustable seeding depth. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a rapeseed multifunctional compound integrated machine, which is suitable for the rice-oil rotation system in Jiangsu Province. Under the condition of returning all the straw to the field, the amount of straw on the surface is 0.9-1.2kg / m 2 , rice soil with a moisture content of 15%-35%, solves the technical problems in the prior art that the drainage ditch dug by the ditch opener is prone to collapse, the sowing amount of the seeder is not accurate and the sowing depth is inconsistent, and the function is single.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A rape multifunctional compound machine, characterized in that it includes a frame, a fertilizing mechanism, a rotary tillage mechanism, a furrowing mechanism, a sowing mechanism, a power mechanism, a sowing unit and a suspension frame for connecting agricultural machinery, the fertilizing machine includes a fertilizer box connected to the frame, a plurality of fertilizer dischargers are arranged at the lower end of the fertilizer box, the rotary tillage mechanism includes a rotary tillage blade shaft and a plurality of rotary tillage blades connected to the rotary tillage blade shaft, the furrowing mechanism includes a furrow opener and a furrow cleaning shovel and a furrow supporter connected to the frame, the furrow opener is connected to the rotary tillage blade shaft, the furrow cleaning shovel and the furrow supporter are sequentially arranged behind the furrow opener; the sowing mechanism includes a plurality of seed boxes arranged side by side on the frame, the seed boxes are provided with a sowing motor and a seed distributor, and the sowing motor is connected to the seed distributor; the power mechanism includes a transmission box 1 and a transmission box 2, the transmission box 1 is used to connect the power output end of the agricultural machinery, the transmission box 2 is used to transmit the power of the transmission box 1 to the rotary tillage blade shaft, and the sowing unit includes a furrow opener and a pressing wheel arranged sequentially from front to back.

[0006] As an optimization solution, the aforementioned rapeseed multifunctional compound machine is characterized in that: the furrow opener is a double-disc furrow opener, the sowing unit also includes a connecting rod connected to the frame, the double-disc furrow opener is connected to the connecting rod through a furrow opener fork, the pressing wheel is connected to the connecting rod through a pressing wheel fork and a pressing wheel rod in turn, and a height adjustment device for adjusting the height of the pressing wheel is also provided between the pressing wheel rod and the pressing wheel, and the height adjustment device is an adjusting screw.

[0007] As an optimization solution, the aforementioned rapeseed multifunctional compound all-in-one machine is characterized in that: the furrow opener is a double-disc furrow opener with a seed outlet hole on the top, and the seed outlet hole is connected to the bottom of the seed distributor through a seed outlet pipe.

[0008] As an optimization solution, the aforementioned rapeseed multifunctional compound machine is characterized in that: the sowing unit also includes a profiling adjustment shaft and a spring push rod, the profiling adjustment shaft is connected to the frame, the profiling adjustment shaft is provided with a profiling adjustment shaft extension section, the profiling adjustment shaft extension section is connected to the upper end of the spring push rod, and the lower end of the spring push rod is connected to connecting rod one.

[0009] As an optimization solution, the aforementioned rapeseed multifunctional compound integrated machine is characterized in that: the fertilizer distributor has two rows, and a soil retaining plate is also provided at the lower end of the fertilizer distributor.

[0010] As an optimization solution, the aforementioned rapeseed multifunctional compound all-in-one machine is characterized in that it also includes a speed measuring wheel, which is connected to the frame through a speed measuring wheel bracket and a speed measuring wheel spring, and the speed measuring wheel is connected to a sensor for detecting the walking speed of the all-in-one machine, and the sensor is connected to the all-in-one machine control device.

[0011] As an optimization solution, the aforementioned rapeseed multifunctional compound all-in-one machine is characterized in that ditch cleaning plates are also provided on both sides of the ditch cleaning shovel.

[0012] As an optimization solution, the aforementioned rapeseed multifunctional compound machine is characterized in that the ditch supporting device includes two ditch supporting plates, a ditch protection bottom plate, an adjusting nut and an adjusting screw, the lower ends of the two ditch supporting plates are respectively hinged to the two sides of the ditch protection bottom plate, the adjusting screw is connected to the ditch supporting plates, and the adjusting nut connects the adjusting screws of the two ditch supporting plates.

[0013] As an optimization solution, the aforementioned rapeseed multifunctional compound machine is characterized in that: a plurality of eye holes are provided in the circumference of the seed distributor; and the seed box is also provided with a seed protection plate.

[0014] As an optimization solution, the aforementioned rapeseed multifunctional compound all-in-one machine is characterized in that the seed box is also provided with a seed cleaning brush, and the seed cleaning brush is connected to the eyelet hole.

[0015] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0016] The invention integrates rotary tillage, fertilization, sowing, intermediate furrowing and pressing, and is suitable for the rice-oil rotation system in Jiangsu. Under the condition of full straw return to the field, the surface straw amount is 0.9-1.2kg / m 2 , rice soil with a moisture content of 15%-35%, wide working width, and can sow multiple rows at a time. The speed measuring wheel is connected to the ground, and the walking speed is fed back in real time, and the walking speed is fed back to the control system. The control system adjusts the sowing speed and fertilization speed in real time according to the walking speed to achieve the purpose of uniform sowing and fertilization.

[0017] During the trenching process, the trench opener, trench protection plate and trench supporter are arranged from front to back. The trench protection plate is used to clean the mud in the trench. After the trench protection plate works, the trench supporter further processes the trench. The angles of the two trench supporters can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting nut to adjust the final trenching edge angle.

[0018] Since the furrowing depth of the double disc opener is related to the height difference between the double disc opener and the pressing wheel, and the furrowing depth determines the sowing depth, when the pressing wheel can closely fit the ground for contouring movement, the furrowing depth of the double disc opener can match the undulating conditions of the ground, ensuring the consistency of the sowing depth relative to the surface height at the sowing location. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The overall structure of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0020] Figure 2 The overall structure of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0021] Figure 3 The overall structure of the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a left view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of a sowing unit of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the fertilizer discharger and the earth retaining plate of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the ditch support device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of a seed distributor of the present invention;

[0027] Meaning of the reference numerals: 1-frame; 2-fertilizer box; 3-seed box; 4-speed wheel; 7-rotary tillage blade shaft; 8-double disc furrow opener; 9-pressing wheel; 11-furrow supporter; 12-ditch cleaning shovel; 17-furrow supporter positioning rod; 121-ditch cleaning plate; 101-hanging frame; 102-transmission box 1; 103-transmission box 2; 104-profile adjustment shaft; 21-fertilizer discharger; 31-seeding motor; 32-seed distributor; 321-eyelet; 323- Seed protection plate; 324-seed cleaning brush; 41-speed wheel bracket; 42-speed wheel spring; 71-rotary tiller; 72-ditch opener; 81-connecting rod 1; 82-ditch opener fork; 91-pressing wheel fork; 92-adjusting screw; 93-pressing wheel rod; 105-profile adjustment shaft extension; 106-spring push rod; 107-soil retaining plate; 111-ditch support plate; 112-ditch protection bottom plate; 113-adjusting nut; 114-adjusting screw; 801-seed hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown: This embodiment discloses a rapeseed multifunctional compound integrated machine, including a frame 1, a fertilizing mechanism, a rotary tillage mechanism, a furrowing mechanism, a sowing mechanism, a power mechanism, a sowing unit and a suspension frame 101 for connecting agricultural machinery. The fertilizer spreader includes a fertilizer box 2 connected to the frame 1, and a plurality of fertilizer dischargers 21 are provided at the lower end of the fertilizer box 2. The fertilizer discharge speed of the fertilizer discharger 21 is adjustable, and the fertilizer discharger 21 can adopt any one of the existing technologies. The rotary tillage mechanism includes a rotary tillage blade shaft 7 and a plurality of rotary tillage blades 71 connected to the rotary tillage blade shaft 7; the furrowing mechanism includes a furrow opener 72 and a furrow cleaning shovel 12 and a furrow supporter 11 connected to the frame 1; the furrow opener 72 is connected to the rotary tillage blade shaft 7; the furrow cleaning shovel 12 and the furrow supporter 11 are sequentially arranged behind the furrow opener 72; the sowing mechanism includes a plurality of seed boxes 3 arranged side by side on the frame 1; the seed box 3 is provided with a sowing motor 31 and a seed dispenser 32; the sowing motor 31 is preferably a DC motor with a moderate price and high transmission accuracy; the DC motor drives the seed dispenser 32 to rotate; and precision sowing is achieved by controlling the speed of the DC motor. The structure and working principle of the seed dispenser 32 belong to the prior art and will not be repeated in this embodiment.

[0030] The power mechanism includes a transmission box 1 102 and a transmission box 2 103. The transmission box 102 is used to connect to the power output end of the agricultural machinery (usually arranged at the rear of the agricultural machinery), and the transmission box 2 103 is used to transmit the power of the transmission box 102 to the rotary tiller shaft 7. The sowing unit includes a furrow opener and a pressing wheel 9 arranged in sequence from front to back. The front and back concepts involved in this embodiment are determined by the movement direction of the all-in-one machine, such as the suspension frame 101 is arranged in front of the frame 1.

[0031] The furrow opener is preferably a double disc furrow opener 8. Specifically, the sowing unit also includes a connecting rod 81 connected to the frame 1. The double disc furrow opener 8 is connected to the connecting rod 81 through a furrow opener fork. The pressing wheel 9 is connected to the connecting rod 81 through a pressing wheel fork 91 and a pressing wheel rod 93 in turn. A height adjustment device for adjusting the height of the pressing wheel 9 is also provided between the pressing wheel rod 93 and the pressing wheel 9.

[0032] The present invention also includes a tachometer wheel 4, which is connected to the frame 1 through a tachometer wheel bracket 41 and a tachometer wheel spring 42. The tachometer wheel 4 is connected to a sensor for detecting the walking speed of the integrated machine, and the sensor is connected to the control device of this embodiment. First, the tachometer wheel spring 42 can increase the adhesion between the tachometer wheel 4 and the ground surface, which is conducive to accurate speed measurement. The tachometer wheel 4 and the sensor transmit the forward speed of the present invention to the control system of the present invention. The control system adjusts the rotation speed of the sowing motor 31 and the fertilizer discharging speed of the fertilizer discharging device 21 according to the speed of the walking speed, so as to match the sowing speed, the fertilizer discharging speed and the walking speed.

[0033] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown: a soil retaining plate 107 is also provided at the lower end of the fertilizer discharger 21.

[0034] Combination Figure 4 and Figure 5 : The height adjustment device is an adjusting screw 92, the lower end of which is connected to the pressing wheel fork 91, and the adjusting screw 92 is threadedly connected to the rear end of the pressing wheel rod 93. By rotating the adjusting screw 92, the height of the pressing wheel 9 can be adjusted to adjust the size of the pressing pressure of the pressing wheel 9 on the ground.

[0035] Specifically, the sowing unit further includes a profiling adjustment shaft 104 and a spring push rod 106. The profiling adjustment shaft 104 is connected to the frame 1. The profiling adjustment shaft 104 is provided with a profiling adjustment shaft extension 105. The profiling adjustment shaft extension 105 is connected to the upper end of the spring push rod 106. The lower end of the spring push rod 106 is connected to the connecting rod 1 81. The angle of the profiling adjustment shaft 104 can be adjusted by rotating the angle of the profiling adjustment shaft 104, and then the spring push rod 106 can be adjusted in the vertical direction. The spring push rod 106 pushes the connecting rod 1 81 to rotate around the hinge point of the connecting rod 1 81 and the frame 1. Since the furrowing depth of the double disc furrow opener 8 is related to the height difference between the double disc furrow opener 8 and the pressing wheel 9, and the furrowing depth determines the sowing depth, when the pressing wheel 9 can closely fit the ground for profiling movement, the furrowing depth of the double disc furrow opener 8 can match the undulating condition of the ground, ensuring the consistency of the sowing depth relative to the surface height of the sowing location. Ditch cleaning plates 121 are also provided on both sides of the ditch cleaning shovel 12, and the ditch cleaning plates 121 are used to prevent the cleared soil from falling into the ditch again.

[0036] like Figure 7 As shown, the ditch support device 11 includes two ditch support plates 111, a ditch protection bottom plate 112, an adjusting nut 113 and an adjusting screw 114. The lower ends of the two ditch support plates 111 are respectively hinged to the two sides of the ditch protection bottom plate 112, the adjusting screw 114 is connected to the ditch support plates 111, and the adjusting nut 113 is connected to the adjusting screws 114 of the two ditch support plates 111. By rotating the adjusting nut 113, the angle of the two ditch support plates 111 can be adjusted to adjust the final ditch edge angle.

[0037] Specifically, the ditch protection bottom plate 112 is also connected to the frame 1 through the ditch supporter positioning rod 17. The ditch supporter positioning rod 17 can enhance the connection strength between the ditch cleaning blade 12 and the frame 1.

[0038] The transmission box 2 103 of this embodiment is preferably a chain transmission box.

[0039] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown: the furrow opener of this embodiment is a double disc furrow opener 8, and a seeding hole 801 is also provided above the furrow opener 8, and the seeding hole 801 is connected to the bottom of the seed distributor 32 through a seeding pipe. The seeding pipe is not marked in the figure, and those skilled in the art can use a pipe suitable for the working conditions according to the actual situation, such as a rubber pipe, a nylon pipe, or a metal pipe. The inner wall of the seeding pipe should not be too rough so that the seeds can better enter the seeding hole 801.

[0040] The seed dispenser 32 is provided with a plurality of socket holes 321 in the circumference thereof; the seed box 3 is also provided with a seed protection plate 323. When the seed dispenser 32 rotates, the seeds in the seed box 3 will enter the inside of the socket holes 321 under the action of the seed protection plate 323. When the seed dispenser 32 continues to rotate to a position where there is no seed dispenser 32, the seeds in the socket holes 321 will fall naturally and enter the field through the bell pipe and the seed outlet hole 801 in sequence. The seed box 3 is also preferably provided with a seed cleaning brush 324, which is connected to the socket holes 321. The function of the seed cleaning brush 324 is to prevent the seeds from getting stuck inside the socket holes 321.

[0041] There are multiple seed boxes 3, and there are 8 in this embodiment. The 8 seed boxes 3 are arranged side by side to avoid interference between any two seeding components. During actual work, the corresponding seed boxes 3 can also be opened or closed according to actual needs.

[0042] When working, the present invention is hung on the tail of agricultural machinery (such as a tractor) through a hanging frame 101, and the power of the tractor is transmitted to a transmission box 1 102 through a connecting shaft. The transmission box 1 102 drives the rotary tiller shaft 7 to rotate through a transmission box 2 103, thereby realizing the rotation of the furrow opener 72 and the rotary tiller 71. The rotary tiller 71 is provided on both sides of the furrow opener 72. During the walking process of the agricultural machinery, the speed measuring wheel 4 is connected to the ground, and the walking speed is fed back in real time, and the walking speed is fed back to the control system. The control system adjusts the sowing speed and the fertilization speed in real time according to the walking speed, so as to achieve the purpose of uniform sowing and fertilization.

[0043] Trenching operation: the trench opener 72, the trench cleaning shovel 12, and the trench supporter 11 are arranged in sequence from front to back. The trench cleaning shovel 12 is used to clean the mud in the trench. After the trench cleaning shovel 12 acts, the trench supporter 11 further processes the trench. The angle of the two trench support plates 111 can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting nut 113 to adjust the final trenching edge angle.

[0044] The double disc furrow opener 8 furrows the soft soil after being processed by the rotary tiller 71, and the seed box 3 scatters the seeds in the furrows opened by the double disc furrow opener 8, and finally the furrows after sowing are pressed by the pressing wheel 9. The seeds enter the furrows opened by the double disc furrow opener 8 through the seed outlet hole 801, realizing precision sowing.

[0045] The invention integrates rotary tillage, fertilization, sowing, intermediate furrowing and pressing, and is suitable for the rice-oil rotation system in Jiangsu. Under the condition of full straw return to the field, the surface straw amount is 0.9-1.2kg / m 2 , rice soil with a moisture content of 15%-35%. The present invention has a wide working width and can sow multiple rows at a time. The speed measuring wheel 4 is connected to the ground, and the walking speed is fed back in real time, and the walking speed is fed back to the control system. The control system adjusts the sowing speed and fertilization speed in real time according to the walking speed to achieve the purpose of uniform sowing and fertilization.

[0046] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapeseed multifunctional compound machine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame (1), a fertilizing mechanism, a rotary tillage mechanism, a furrowing mechanism, a sowing mechanism, a power mechanism, a sowing unit and a suspension frame (101) for connecting agricultural machinery, wherein the fertilizing machine comprises a fertilizer box (2) connected to the frame (1), a plurality of fertilizer dischargers (21) being provided at the lower end of the fertilizer box (2), the rotary tillage mechanism comprises a rotary tillage blade shaft (7) and a plurality of rotary tillage blades (71) connected to the rotary tillage blade shaft (7), the furrowing mechanism comprises a furrowing device (72) and a furrowing shovel (12) and a furrowing supporter (11) connected to the frame (1), the furrowing device (72) being connected to the rotary tillage blade shaft (7), the furrowing shovel (12) and the furrowing supporter (11) being provided ... 1) are sequentially arranged behind the furrow opener (72); the sowing mechanism comprises a plurality of seed boxes (3) arranged side by side on the frame (1), the seed boxes (3) are provided with a sowing motor (31) and a seed distributor (32), the sowing motor (31) is connected to the seed distributor (32); the power mechanism comprises a transmission box 1 (102) and a transmission box 2 (103), the transmission box 1 (102) is used to connect to the power output end of the agricultural machinery, the transmission box 2 (103) is used to transmit the power of the transmission box 1 (102) to the rotary tiller shaft (7), and the sowing unit comprises a furrow opener and a pressing wheel (9) sequentially arranged from front to back; The furrow opener is a double-disc furrow opener (8), and the sowing unit further comprises a connecting rod (81) connected to the frame (1); the double-disc furrow opener (8) is connected to the connecting rod (81) via a furrow opener fork; the pressing wheel (9) is connected to the connecting rod (81) via a pressing wheel fork (91) and a pressing wheel rod (93) in sequence; a height adjustment device for adjusting the height of the pressing wheel (9) is further provided between the pressing wheel rod (93) and the pressing wheel (9); the height adjustment device is an adjustment screw (92); It also includes a speed measuring wheel (4), the speed measuring wheel (4) being connected to the frame (1) via a speed measuring wheel bracket (41) and a speed measuring wheel spring (42), the speed measuring wheel (4) being connected to a sensor for detecting the running speed of the integrated machine, the sensor being connected to the integrated machine control device; The sowing unit further comprises a profiling adjustment shaft (104) and a spring push rod (106); the profiling adjustment shaft (104) is connected to the frame (1); the profiling adjustment shaft (104) is provided with a profiling adjustment shaft extension section (105); the profiling adjustment shaft extension section (105) is connected to the upper end of the spring push rod (106); and the lower end of the spring push rod (106) is connected to a connecting rod 1 (81); The ditch support device (11) comprises two ditch support plates (111), a ditch protection bottom plate (112), an adjusting nut (113) and an adjusting screw (114); the lower ends of the two ditch support plates (111) are respectively hinged to two sides of the ditch protection bottom plate (112); the adjusting screw (114) is connected to the ditch support plates (111); and the adjusting nut (113) is connected to the adjusting screws (114) of the two ditch support plates (111).

2. The rapeseed multifunctional compound machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furrow opener is a double-disc furrow opener (8) and a seed outlet hole (801) is also provided above the furrow opener. The seed outlet hole (801) is connected to the bottom of the seed distributor (32) through a seed outlet pipe.

3. The rapeseed multifunctional compound machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A soil retaining plate (107) is also provided at the lower end of the fertilizer discharger (21).

4. The rapeseed multifunctional compound machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Ditch cleaning plates (121) are also provided on both sides of the ditch cleaning shovel (12).

5. The rapeseed multifunctional compound machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed distributor (32) is provided with a plurality of eyelet holes (321) in the circumferential direction; the seed box (3) is also provided with a seed protection plate (323).

6. The rapeseed multifunctional compound machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The seed box (3) is also provided with a seed cleaning brush (324), and the seed cleaning brush (324) is connected to the socket hole (321).

Images