A fully automatic PCB laser marking machine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a full-automatic PCB laser marking machine, which includes a feeding and conveying device, a discharging and conveying device, and a positioning and marking device. The feeding and conveying device is located on the left side of the positioning and marking device; the discharging and conveying device is located on the right side of the positioning and marking device; the feeding and conveying device and the discharging and conveying device have the same structure; the feeding and conveying device includes a material placing cart, an upper plate frame, a PCB adsorption and handling assembly, and an upper plate lifting mechanism, and the upper plate lifting mechanism is installed in the upper plate frame; the upper plate lifting mechanism includes a vertical plate and a vertical part installed on the vertical plate. The structure of the present invention is simple and reasonably designed. By using the above structure, it can realize the integration of automatic calibration marking, recording, and detection. The optical path sinking coaxial marking head is used to adapt to PCB plates with different thicknesses, realizing high-precision laser marking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a laser marking device, specifically a fully automatic PCB laser marking machine that can achieve self-feeding, calibration, marking, detection, recording, grading, and discharging. Background Art

[0002] A PCB board, in short, is a circuit board and is a provider of electrical connections for electronic components. Almost all electronic products use PCB boards, such as electronic products like mobile phones, computers, and multimeters. With the increasing complexity of the varieties and batches of PCB board products, it has become increasingly difficult for merchants to manage products. To achieve quality control during the production process of PCB boards, marking characters, barcodes, QR codes, and other information on PCB boards for traceability has become a booster for the innovative development of the industry. Silk screen printing marking method: The processing process of silk screen printing is to use a fabricated graphic screen plate. Under pressure, the character ink penetrates through some of the mesh holes of the screen plate and leaks onto the surface of the circuit board, while the mesh holes in the remaining parts of the screen plate are blocked and cannot penetrate the ink, only forming blanks on the surface of the circuit board, thus forming characters, logos, and patterns. Its advantages are relatively low upfront investment costs and fast marking speed. However, silk screen printing can only be marked on PCB boards with a relatively large format, and the fonts are thick and unclear. Environmental pollution: The chemical raw materials such as organic solvents and heavy metal elements used in the printing process are somewhat toxic, which can cause physical harm to workers and pollute the air and environment. There are also disadvantages such as easy peeling off. The ink on the surface of the PCB board is prone to peeling off and fading due to friction during use, resulting in unclear characters. In addition, due to the characteristics of ink printing, it also has obvious removability and modifiability. The characters on the surface of the PCB board can be directly removed through solutions such as hydrochloric acid or cyclohexanone, which is likely to cause information

[0003] tampering.

[0004] Laser marking method: Laser marking is a marking method that uses a laser with a high energy density to locally irradiate a PCB board, causing the surface material to vaporize or undergo a chemical reaction with a color change, thereby leaving a permanent mark. Laser marking can produce various characters, symbols, and patterns, etc. The character size can range from millimeters to micrometer levels, which has special significance for product anti-counterfeiting.

[0005] With the rapid development of electronic product manufacturing technology, portable electronic products are increasingly developing towards miniaturization, high integration, and lightweight. Coupled with the development of packaging technology, the pad and pitch are getting smaller and smaller, making printing alignment more difficult. Laser marking, with its accuracy and flexibility, can overcome the technical defects of silk screen printing such as easy peeling off and low processing accuracy, and will play a crucial role in the PCB board industry.

[0006] Currently, there is an increasing demand for laser marking of PCBs. The laser marking operation of PCBs also needs to be changed from manual to automatic, but there is no corresponding equipment to achieve the automation of current PCB laser marking. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a fully automatic PCB laser marking machine that can achieve full automation of PCB laser marking and can meet the high-precision marking requirements of PCBs with different thicknesses.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is: a fully automatic PCB laser marking machine, including a feeding device, a discharging feeding device, and a positioning marking device, wherein the feeding device is located on the left side of the positioning marking device; the discharging feeding device is located on the right side of the positioning marking device; the feeding device has the same structure as the discharging feeding device; the feeding device includes a material placing trolley, an upper plate rack, a PCB adsorption and handling assembly, and an upper plate lifting mechanism, and the upper plate lifting mechanism is installed in the upper plate rack; the upper plate lifting mechanism includes a vertical plate, a vertical guide rail group installed on the vertical plate, a fork arm mounting plate installed on the vertical guide rail group, and two lifting fork arms installed on the fork arm mounting plate, and a lifting motor is installed on the vertical plate, and the lifting motor is connected to the fork arm mounting plate through a synchronous belt. The plate is connected, and the lifting motor can drive the fork arm mounting plate to reciprocate linearly on the vertical guide rail group; the material discharge trolley includes a trolley body, a plate rack installed in the trolley body, a movable roller is provided at the bottom of the trolley body, and guide roller groups are installed on both sides of the trolley body. A handle for convenient pushing is also installed on the trolley body; a trolley blocking and positioning mechanism that is aligned with the trolley body is provided in the upper plate frame; the upper plate lifting mechanism is aligned with the material discharge trolley, and the fork arm on the upper plate lifting mechanism can cooperate with the plate rack in the trolley body to lift the plate rack separately; the PCB adsorption and handling assembly is installed in the upper plate frame; the PCB adsorption and handling assembly includes a spindle rod group, a spindle fixing seat, a transverse movable plate, a guide rail group, a longitudinal guide rod, a longitudinal cylinder, a fixed The main shaft assembly is composed of a plurality of parallel main shafts; a pulley is installed on the main shaft fixing seat; a motor is installed on one of the main shaft fixing seats, and a belt is sleeved between the motor and the pulley, and the motor can drive the belt to move through the belt connection; a guide rail assembly is installed at the bottom of the transverse movable plate; the guide rail assembly is sleeved with the main shaft rod assembly to realize the sliding of the transverse movable plate on the main shaft rod assembly; the transverse movable plate is connected and fixed with the belt, and the controllable reciprocating linear motion on the main shaft rod assembly is realized through the movement of the belt; the fixed plate is located directly below the transverse movable plate, and a plurality of guiding longitudinal guide rods and a plurality of fixed connecting rods are installed between the fixed plate and the transverse movable plate Rod; the fixed plate is connected to the transverse movable plate as a whole through a fixed connecting rod; the longitudinal guide rod extends downward from the fixed plate and is connected to the suction cup assembly; at least one longitudinal cylinder is installed on the fixed plate, and the longitudinal cylinder is located between the fixed plate and the transverse movable plate; the main shaft of the longitudinal cylinder extends downward and passes through the fixed plate and is connected to the suction cup assembly; the longitudinal cylinder cooperates with the longitudinal guide rod to realize the reciprocating movement of the suction cup group in the vertical direction; the suction cup assembly includes a suction cup rod, a suction cup unit installed on the suction cup rod and whose horizontal position can be manually adjusted, and a connecting plate for connecting the suction cup rod; a mounting groove is provided on the suction cup rod along the axial direction; the suction cup unit includes a suction cup, an adjustment block connected to the suction cup and having a straight-shaped hollow adjustment groove; the suction cup is connected to an external vacuum device through a vacuum tube;A number of suction cup units are tightly locked and fitted with the adjusting block through nuts. By adjusting the locking position on the mounting groove of the suction cup rod on the adjusting block through the nuts, manual adjustment of the suction cup position is achieved. The suction cup is connected to an external vacuum device through a vacuum tube. An induction switch for alignment and cooperation with the loading cart is also provided inside the upper plate frame. The positioning and marking device includes a marking frame and a gantry-type PCB laser marking unit installed inside the marking frame. The gantry-type PCB laser marking unit includes a bottom plate, a gantry, an X-direction guide rail group, a Y-direction guide rail group, an optical path sinking coaxial marking head, and a fixed adsorption platform. The gantry is installed on the bottom plate. The Y-direction guide rail group is installed on the bottom plate. The fixed adsorption platform is installed on the Y-direction guide rail group and can perform reciprocating motion on the Y-direction guide rail group driven by a motor. The X-direction guide rail group is installed on the gantry. The optical path sinking coaxial marking head is installed on the X-direction guide rail group and can perform reciprocating motion along the X-direction guide rail group driven by an electric motor. The fixed adsorption platform includes a platform substrate, a horizontally movable correction component located on the platform substrate, and an elastic pressing component. A number of negative pressure intake holes are evenly spaced on the platform substrate. The negative pressure intake holes are connected to a negative pressure air duct located inside the platform substrate. Negative pressure intake is achieved through the negative pressure air duct, thereby realizing negative pressure vacuum adsorption. Horizontal guide rails are installed on both sides of the platform substrate, and the horizontal guide rails are used to install the horizontally movable correction component. The horizontally movable correction component includes a movable carrier plate and a motor for driving the movable carrier plate to move along the guide rail. The elastic pressing component includes a cylinder, a movable plate driven by the cylinder to perform telescopic motion, an elastic pressing block installed on the movable plate and cooperating with the movable plate through a spring and a guide post, and a material pressing cylinder capable of driving the elastic pressing block to work actively. The material pressing cylinder is horizontally placed, and a wedge block is installed at the front end of the material pressing cylinder. The wedge block cooperates with a guide wheel, and the guide wheel is connected to the elastic pressing block. Through the action of the guide wheel and the wedge block, the elastic pressing block is driven to lift or reset. At least one photoelectric sensor for detecting whether the material is loaded or not is provided on the platform substrate. At least one reference positioning block is provided on the platform substrate. An elastic pressing-down mechanism is installed on the horizontally movable correction component. The elastic pressing-down mechanism includes a pressing plate installed on the movable carrier plate through a spring and a guide rod, a pair of horizontally placed cylinders installed on the movable carrier, a wedge block installed on the telescopic rod of the horizontally placed cylinder, and a guide wheel that is in alignment and cooperation with the wedge block and is connected to the pressing plate. Through the cooperation between the guide wheel and the wedge block, the horizontal left-right force of the cylinder is adjusted to the longitudinal direction, thereby controlling the lifting and resetting of the pressing plate. The optical path sinking coaxial marking head includes a fixed frame body, a laser generator, an upper beam splitter component, a lower beam splitter component, a light output component, a camera, an electric lifting mechanism, an annular light source, and a smoking component. The laser generator is fixedly installed on the fixed frame body. The electric lifting mechanism is fixedly installed on the fixed frame body. The upper beam splitter component is fixedly installed on the fixed frame body and is in alignment and cooperation with the light output port of the laser generator. The lower beam splitter component is located directly below the upper beam splitter component and is fixed on the electric lifting mechanism. A protective cover is sleeved between the upper beam splitter component and the lower beam splitter component. The camera is installed on the right side of the lower beam splitter component. The light output component is installed on the left side of the lower beam splitter component, opposite to the camera.The annular light source is installed directly below the light-emitting component through a connecting bracket; the smoking component is also installed on the connecting bracket and is in cooperation with the annular light source; the smoking component includes an L-shaped smoking module and an exhaust pipe body connected to the L-shaped smoking module; the L-shaped smoking module is L-shaped on the horizontal plane, and a strip-shaped smoke inlet is provided along the bottom edge; the upper beam splitter component is a 45-degree angle mirror, which is in alignment cooperation with the light-emitting hole of the laser generator; the lower beam splitter component is a 45-degree angle mirror, which is in alignment cooperation with the upper beam splitter component.

[0009] When the present invention is implemented, the PCB boards are manually stacked onto the loading trolley. After the trolley is full, the loading trolley is manually pushed into the upper board rack. After the induction is in place, the trolley blocking and positioning mechanism works to lock and fix the loading trolley to the upper board rack. Then, the upper board lifting mechanism realizes the lifting of the PCB boards. After the lifting is in place, the PCB adsorption and handling component sucks and transports the PCB boards to the gantry-type PCB laser marking unit. The gantry-type PCB laser marking unit uses a fixed adsorption platform to correct and fix the PCB boards. Then, the optical path sinking coaxial marking head moves on the X-direction guide rail group on the gantry. After reaching the set position, the optical path sinking coaxial marking head performs laser marking on the PCB boards, and monitors and records the grading in real time, realizing the laser marking of the PCB boards. After the marking is completed, the discharging and feeding device reverses the working steps of the feeding and feeding device to realize the discharging and feeding after marking.

[0010] The structure of the present invention is simple and reasonably designed. Using the above structure, automatic calibration marking, recording, and detection integration can be realized. The optical path sinking coaxial marking head is adapted to PCB board bodies of different thicknesses to realize high-precision laser marking. Description of the Drawings

[0011] Figure 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the feeding and feeding device of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the loading trolley in the feeding and feeding device of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the gantry-type PCB laser marking unit in the positioning and marking device of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the optical path sinking coaxial marking head in the positioning and marking device of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 6 is the exploded structural schematic diagram of the optical path sinking coaxial marking head in the positioning and marking device of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 7It is a schematic structural diagram of the fixed adsorption platform of the positioning and marking device in the present invention.

[0018] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the PCB adsorption and handling component in the present invention.

[0019] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the positioning and marking device in the present invention.

[0020] Figure 10 It is an exploded structural diagram of the feeding and conveying device in the present invention.

[0021] Figure 11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the upper plate lifting mechanism in the feeding and conveying device in the present invention. Detailed implementation mode

[0022] In the description of the invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the invention, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "a plurality" refers to two or more.

[0023] In the description of the invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood through specific situations.

[0024] For the convenience of further understanding of the present invention, embodiments are now given in conjunction with the drawings to further illustrate the present invention. Embodiment

[0025] As Figures 1-11As shown in the figure, the present invention includes a feeding device 1, a discharging device 2, and a positioning and marking device 3. The feeding device 1 is located on the left side of the positioning and marking device 3; the discharging device 2 is located on the right side of the positioning and marking device 3; the feeding device 1 and the discharging device 2 have the same structure; the feeding device 1 includes a material placing cart 101, an upper plate frame 102, a PCB adsorption and handling component 103, and an upper plate lifting mechanism 104. The upper plate lifting mechanism 104 is installed inside the upper plate frame 102; the upper plate lifting mechanism 104 includes a vertical plate 105, a vertical guide rail group 106 installed on the vertical plate 105, a fork arm mounting plate 107 installed on the vertical guide rail group 106, and two lifting fork arms 108 installed on the fork arm mounting plate 107. A lifting motor is installed on the vertical plate 105, and the lifting motor is connected to the fork arm mounting plate 107 through a synchronous belt. The lifting motor can drive the fork arm mounting plate 107 to perform reciprocating linear motion on the vertical guide rail group 106; the material placing cart 101 includes a cart body 109 and a plate placing rack 110 installed inside the cart body 109. The bottom of the cart body 109 is provided with movable rollers, and guide roller groups 111 are installed on both side surfaces of the cart body 109. A handle 112 for convenient pushing is also installed on the cart body 109; a cart blocking and positioning mechanism for cooperating with the cart body 109 is provided inside the upper plate frame 102; the upper plate lifting mechanism 104 cooperates with the material placing cart 101, and the fork arms 108 on the upper plate lifting mechanism 104 can cooperate with the plate placing rack 110 inside the cart body 109 to lift the plate placing rack 110 alone; the PCB adsorption and handling component 103 is installed inside the upper plate frame 102; the PCB adsorption and handling component 103 includes a main shaft rod group 113, a main shaft fixing seat 114, a transverse moving plate 115, a guide rail group 116, a longitudinal guide rod 117, a longitudinal cylinder 118, a fixing plate 119, and a suction cup component 120. Two symmetrically arranged main shaft fixing seats 114 connect and fix the main shaft rod group 113; the main shaft rod group 113 is composed of several mutually parallel main shaft rods; a pulley is installed on the main shaft fixing seat 114; a motor 121 is installed on one of the main shaft fixing seats 114, and a belt is sleeved between the motor 121 and the pulley. Through the connection and cooperation of this belt, the motor 121 can drive the belt to move; the bottom of the transverse moving plate 115 is installed with a guide rail group 116; the guide rail group 116 is sleeved and cooperated with the main shaft rod group 113 to realize the sliding of the transverse moving plate 115 on the main shaft rod group 113; the transverse moving plate 115 is connected and fixed to the belt, and realizes controllable reciprocating linear motion on the main shaft rod group 113 through the movement of the belt; the fixing plate 119 is located directly below the transverse moving plate 115, and several guiding longitudinal guide rods 117 and several fixed connecting rods are installed between the fixing plate 119 and the transverse moving plate 115; the fixing plate 119 is fixedly connected to the transverse moving plate 115 through the fixed connecting rods; the longitudinal guide rods 117 extend downward and pass through the fixing plate 119 and are connected to the suction cup component 120;At least one longitudinal cylinder 118 is installed on the fixed plate 119, and the longitudinal cylinder 118 is located between the fixed plate 119 and the transverse moving plate 115; the main shaft of the longitudinal cylinder 118 extends downward out of the fixed plate 119 and is connected to the suction cup assembly 120; the longitudinal cylinder 118 cooperates with the longitudinal guide rod 117 to drive the suction cup assembly 120 to reciprocate vertically relative to the fixed plate 119; the suction cup assembly 120 includes a suction cup rod, a suction cup unit that can be manually adjusted horizontally on the suction cup rod, and a connecting plate for connecting the suction cup rod; an installation groove is axially formed on the suction cup rod; the suction cup unit includes a suction cup and an adjusting block connected to the suction cup and having a linear hollow adjusting groove; a plurality of suction cup units are locked and matched with the adjusting block through nuts, and by adjusting the locking position of the nut on the adjusting block with the installation groove on the suction cup rod, the manual adjustment of the suction cup position is realized; the suction cup is connected to an external vacuum device through a vacuum tube; an induction switch for cooperating with the feeding cart 101 is also provided in the upper plate frame 102; the positioning and marking device 3 includes a marking frame 301 and a gantry-type PCB laser marking unit 302 installed in the marking frame 301; the gantry-type PCB laser marking unit 302 includes a bottom plate 303, a gantry 304, an X-direction guide rail group 305, a Y-direction guide rail group 306, an optical path sinking coaxial marking head 307, and a fixed adsorption platform 308. The gantry 304 is installed on the bottom plate 303; the Y-direction guide rail group 306 is installed on the bottom plate 303; the fixed adsorption platform 308 is installed on the Y-direction guide rail group 306 and can reciprocate on the Y-direction guide rail group 306 driven by a motor 309; the X-direction guide rail group 305 is installed on the gantry 303; the optical path sinking coaxial marking head 307 is installed on the X-direction guide rail group 305 and can reciprocate along the X-direction guide rail group 305 driven by an electric motor 310; the fixed adsorption platform 308 includes a platform substrate 311, a transverse movable correction assembly 312 located on the platform substrate 311, and an elastic pressing assembly 313. A plurality of negative pressure air inlet holes 314 are evenly spaced on the platform substrate 311, and the negative pressure air inlet holes 314 are connected to a negative pressure air duct located inside the platform substrate 311. Negative pressure air intake is realized through the negative pressure air duct, so as to realize negative pressure vacuum adsorption; transverse guide rails 315 are installed on both sides of the platform substrate 311, and the transverse guide rails 315 are used to install the transverse movable correction assembly 312; the transverse movable correction assembly 312 includes a movable carrier plate and a motor for driving the movable carrier plate to move along the guide rail; the elastic pressing assembly 313 includes a cylinder, a movable plate driven by the cylinder to expand and contract, an elastic pressing block installed on the movable plate and cooperating with the movable plate through a spring and a guide post, and a pressing cylinder for driving the elastic pressing block to work; the pressing cylinder is horizontally arranged, and a wedge block is installed at the front end of the pressing cylinder. The wedge block cooperates with a guide wheel, and the guide wheel is connected to the elastic pressing block. Through the action of the guide wheel and the wedge block, the elastic pressing block is driven to lift or reset; at least one photoelectric sensor for detecting whether feeding is performed is provided on the platform substrate 311;At least one reference positioning block is arranged on the platform substrate 311; an elastic pressing mechanism is installed on the transverse movable correction component 312, and the elastic pressing mechanism includes a pressing plate installed on the movable carrier through a spring and a guide rod, a pair of transverse cylinders installed on the movable carrier, a wedge block installed on the telescopic rod of the transverse cylinder, and a guide wheel matched with the wedge block and connected to the pressing plate. Through the cooperation between the guide wheel and the wedge block, the lateral left and right force of the cylinder is adjusted to the longitudinal direction, thereby controlling the lifting and resetting of the pressing plate; the optical path sinking coaxial marking head 307 includes a fixed frame 316, a laser generator 317, an upper light splitting component 318, a lower light splitting component 319, a light output component 320, a camera 321, an electric lifting mechanism 322, a ring light source 323, and a smoke extraction component 324. The laser generator 317 is fixedly installed on the fixed frame 316; the electric lifting mechanism 322 is fixedly installed on the fixed frame 316; the upper light splitting component 318 is fixedly installed on the fixed frame 316 and is connected to the laser generator The light outlet of the device 317 is aligned; the lower light splitting component 319 is located directly below the upper light splitting component 318 and is fixed on the electric lifting mechanism 322; a protective cover 327 is set between the upper light splitting component 318 and the lower light splitting component 319; the camera 321 is installed on the right side of the lower light splitting component 319; the light output component 320 is installed on the left side of the lower light splitting component 319, opposite to the camera 321; the ring light source 323 is installed directly below the light output component 320 through a connecting bracket; the smoking component 324 is also installed on the connecting bracket and connected with the annular light source 323; the smoking assembly 324 includes an L-shaped smoking module 325 and a smoke exhaust pipe body 326 connected to the L-shaped smoking module 325; the L-shaped smoking module 325 is L-shaped on the horizontal plane, and a strip-shaped smoke inlet is opened along the edge of its bottom; the upper light splitting assembly 318 is a 45-degree angle mirror, which is aligned with the light outlet of the laser generator 317; the lower light splitting assembly 319 is a 45-degree angle mirror, which is aligned with the upper light splitting assembly 318. ;

[0026] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully automatic PCB laser marking machine, characterized in that: It includes a feeding device, a discharging device, and a positioning and marking device. The feeding device is located on the left side of the positioning and marking device; the discharging device is located on the right side of the positioning and marking device; the feeding device and the discharging device have the same structure; the feeding device includes a loading trolley, an upper plate rack, a PCB adsorption and handling component, and an upper plate lifting mechanism. The upper plate lifting mechanism is installed inside the upper plate rack; the upper plate lifting mechanism includes a vertical plate, a vertical guide rail group installed on the vertical plate, a fork arm mounting plate installed on the vertical guide rail group, and two lifting fork arms installed on the fork arm mounting plate. A lifting motor is installed on the vertical plate, and the lifting motor is connected to the fork arm mounting plate through a synchronous belt. The lifting motor can drive the fork arm mounting plate to perform reciprocating linear motion on the vertical guide rail group; the loading trolley includes a trolley body and a plate placement rack installed inside the trolley body. The bottom of the trolley body is provided with movable rollers, and guide roller groups are installed on both side surfaces of the trolley body. A handle for convenient pushing is also installed on the trolley body; a trolley blocking and positioning mechanism for cooperating with the trolley body is provided inside the upper plate rack; the upper plate lifting mechanism cooperates with the loading trolley, and the fork arms on the upper plate lifting mechanism can cooperate with the plate placement rack inside the trolley body to separately lift the plate placement rack; the PCB adsorption and handling component is installed inside the upper plate rack; the PCB adsorption and handling component includes a main shaft rod group, a main shaft fixing seat, a transverse moving movable plate, a guide rail group, a longitudinal guide rod, a longitudinal cylinder, a fixing plate, and a suction cup component. Two symmetrically arranged main shaft fixing seats connect and fix the main shaft rod group; the main shaft rod group is composed of several mutually parallel main shaft rods; a pulley is installed on the main shaft fixing seat; a motor is installed on one of the main shaft fixing seats, and a belt is sleeved between the motor and the pulley. Through the connection and cooperation of this belt, the motor can drive the belt to move; the bottom of the transverse moving movable plate is installed with a guide rail group; the guide rail group is sleeved and cooperated with the main shaft rod group to realize the sliding of the transverse moving movable plate on the main shaft rod group; the transverse moving movable plate is connected and fixed to the belt, and realizes controllable reciprocating linear motion on the main shaft rod group under the movement of the belt; the fixing plate is located directly below the transverse moving movable plate, and several guiding longitudinal guide rods and several fixing connecting rods are installed between the fixing plate and the transverse moving movable plate; the fixing plate is connected and fixed to the transverse moving movable plate through the fixing connecting rods as a whole; the longitudinal guide rod extends downward out of the fixing plate and is connected to the suction cup component; at least one longitudinal cylinder is installed on the fixing plate, and the longitudinal cylinder is located between the fixing plate and the transverse moving movable plate; the main shaft of the longitudinal cylinder extends downward and passes through the fixing plate and is connected to the suction cup component; the longitudinal cylinder cooperates with the longitudinal guide rod to drive the suction cup group to perform reciprocating motion in the vertical direction; the suction cup component includes a suction cup rod, a suction cup unit that can be manually adjusted in horizontal position and installed on the suction cup rod, and a connecting plate for connecting the suction cup rod; an installation groove is axially opened on the suction cup rod; the suction cup unit includes a suction cup and an adjustment block connected to the suction cup and having a linear hollow adjustment groove; several suction cup units are locked and cooperated with the adjustment block through nuts. By adjusting the locking position of the adjustment block on the installation groove of the suction cup rod through the nut, the manual adjustment of the suction cup position is realized; the suction cup is connected to an external vacuum device through a vacuum tube;An induction switch for cooperating with the feeding trolley in alignment is further provided inside the upper plate frame; the positioning and marking device includes a marking frame and a gantry-type PCB laser marking unit installed inside the marking frame; the gantry-type PCB laser marking unit includes a bottom plate, a gantry, an X-direction guide rail group, a Y-direction guide rail group, an optical path sinking coaxial marking head, and a fixed adsorption platform. The gantry is installed on the bottom plate; the Y-direction guide rail group is installed on the bottom plate; the fixed adsorption platform is installed on the Y-direction guide rail group and can realize reciprocating movement on the Y-direction guide rail group driven by a motor; the X-direction guide rail group is installed on the gantry; the optical path sinking coaxial marking head is installed on the X-direction guide rail group and can realize reciprocating movement along the X-direction guide rail group driven by an electric motor; the fixed adsorption platform includes a platform substrate, a horizontally movable correction component located on the platform substrate, and an elastic pressing component. A plurality of negative pressure air inlet holes are evenly spaced on the platform substrate, and the negative pressure air inlet holes are communicated with a negative pressure air duct located inside the platform substrate. Negative pressure air intake is realized through the negative pressure air duct, so as to realize negative pressure vacuum adsorption; horizontal guide rails are installed on both sides of the platform substrate, and the horizontal guide rails are used to install the horizontally movable correction component; the horizontally movable correction component includes a movable carrier plate and a motor for driving the movable carrier plate to move along the guide rail; the elastic pressing component includes a cylinder, a movable plate driven by the cylinder to perform telescopic movement, an elastic pressing block installed on the movable plate and cooperating with the movable plate through a spring and a guide post, and a material pressing cylinder capable of driving the elastic pressing block to work actively; the material pressing cylinder is horizontally arranged, and a wedge block is installed at the front end of the material pressing cylinder. The wedge block cooperates with a guide wheel, and the guide wheel is connected to the elastic pressing block. Through the action of the guide wheel and the wedge block, the elastic pressing block is driven to lift or reset; at least one photoelectric sensor for detecting whether feeding is performed is arranged on the platform substrate; at least one reference positioning block is arranged on the platform substrate; an elastic pressing-down mechanism is installed on the horizontally movable correction component. The elastic pressing-down mechanism includes a pressing plate installed on the movable carrier plate through a spring and a guide rod, a pair of horizontally arranged cylinders installed on the movable carrier, a wedge block installed on the telescopic rod of the horizontally arranged cylinder, and a guide wheel that is in alignment with the wedge block and is connected to the pressing plate. Through the cooperation between the guide wheel and the wedge block, the horizontal left-right force of the cylinder is adjusted to the longitudinal direction, thereby controlling the lifting and reset of the pressing plate; the optical path sinking coaxial marking head includes a fixed frame body, a laser generator, an upper beam splitter assembly, a lower beam splitter assembly, a light output assembly, a camera, an electric lifting mechanism, an annular light source, and a smoking assembly. The laser generator is fixedly installed on the fixed frame body; the electric lifting mechanism is fixedly installed on the fixed frame body; the upper beam splitter assembly is fixedly installed on the fixed frame body and is in alignment with the light output port of the laser generator; the lower beam splitter assembly is located directly below the upper beam splitter assembly and is fixed on the electric lifting mechanism; a protective sleeve is sleeved between the upper beam splitter assembly and the lower beam splitter assembly; the camera is installed on the right side of the lower beam splitter assembly; the light output assembly is installed on the left side of the lower beam splitter assembly and is opposite to the camera; the annular light source is installed directly below the light output assembly through a connecting bracket; the smoking assembly is also installed on the connecting bracket and is connected and cooperated with the annular light source; the smoking assembly includes an L-shaped smoking module and a smoke exhaust pipe body connected to the L-shaped smoking module;The L-shaped smoking module is L-shaped on the horizontal plane, and a strip-shaped smoke inlet is provided along the edge of its bottom; the upper light splitting component is a 45-degree angle mirror, which is in alignment and cooperation with the light outlet hole of the laser generator; the lower light splitting component is a 45-degree angle mirror, which is in alignment and cooperation with the upper light splitting component.

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