A non-invasive method for continuous detection of oral saliva glucose concentration

Abstract

The present invention relates to a non-invasive method for continuously detecting the concentration of glucose in oral saliva. The detection method is as follows: An invisible dental brace is embedded in the second molar of the right mandible of a human. When the glucose concentration in the saliva outside the brace is greater than the glucose concentration in the chamber of the brace, the glucose molecules in the saliva outside the brace can enter the chamber through the small holes in the graphene seal. The glucose molecules in the chamber react with the sensitive gel to produce a cross-linking reaction, resulting in a decrease in the dielectric constant of the sensitive gel and a decrease in the capacitance of the comb-shaped capacitor. Conversely, by the same token, the glucose molecules in the chamber react with the sensitive gel to produce a cross-linking reaction, resulting in an increase in the dielectric constant of the sensitive gel and an increase in the capacitance of the comb-shaped capacitor. The comb-shaped capacitor and the planar coil form an LC resonant circuit, and the signal is transmitted by electromagnetic coupling. The signal is received by an external receiver, realizing continuous detection of glucose concentration for 24 hours. The present invention can achieve non-invasive glucose detection while realizing passive wireless long-time continuous and uninterrupted real-time detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of micromachining technology, and particularly relates to a non-invasive method for continuously detecting the concentration of oral saliva glucose. Background Art

[0002] With the changes in people's living habits and rhythms, diabetes has become a common endocrine disease that seriously threatens people's health. Diabetes affects more than 92 million Chinese patients, and its complications are the main causes of blindness, end-stage renal disease, and amputation. Close monitoring and regulation of blood glucose concentration can significantly (more than 50%) reduce the incidence of diabetic complications. Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM), which measures glucose concentration continuously and without interruption at high frequencies, is the most effective method for monitoring blood glucose. Currently, most glucose concentration detection methods and devices cannot continuously and uninterruptedly detect glucose concentration, and there are also problems such as damaging the human body, having a long measurement cycle, and being unable to detect at any time.

[0003] The patent application number is CN201210364484.9, and the patent name is "Continuous High-Precision Detection Instrument for Human Blood Glucose Concentration Based on Micro Blood Sampling". It proposes a continuous high-precision detection instrument for human blood glucose concentration based on micro blood sampling, which uses a continuous blood sampling pipeline for micro blood sampling to continuously detect human blood glucose concentration. The advantage is that it will not cause fluctuations in blood glucose concentration due to micro continuous blood sampling, and realizes uninterrupted and interference-free blood sampling during the glucose detection process. However, its disadvantage is that it requires long-term micro blood sampling, which is very inconvenient and will cause harm to the human body, and the measurement cycle is relatively long.

[0004] The patent application number is CN201010153400.8, and the patent name is "Continuous Monitoring Device for Human Glucose Concentration Based on Fiber Optic Surface Plasmon Resonance". It proposes a continuous monitoring device for human glucose concentration based on fiber optic surface plasmon resonance, which realizes continuous monitoring of human glucose concentration by measuring the glucose concentration in human tissue fluid. Its advantages are high measurement accuracy and good stability, and it can realize 24-hour continuous monitoring of human glucose concentration. However, its disadvantage is that it requires implanting an optical fiber probe, which will cause harm to the human body and is invasive.

[0005] The application number is CN201410205838.4, and the patent name is "A Transmissive Non-invasive Blood Glucose Detection Device", which proposes a detection device and method for transmissive non-invasive blood glucose. This invention uses a single-wavelength, fixed-power near-infrared laser to detect blood glucose concentration through a transmissive method. The blood glucose detection system can continuously and real-time detect the blood glucose content of diabetic patients. Its advantages are that it no longer relies on disposable test strips, avoiding cross-infection and environmental pollution caused by blood collection, and avoiding the pain of frequent blood collection for diabetic patients. However, its disadvantages are that it collects data from outside the body, does not truly detect blood, has low accuracy, and a long measurement cycle.

[0006] The application number is CN201310751879.9, and the patent name is "A Blood Glucose Detection Device and Its Preparation Method", which proposes a blood glucose detection device based on a colorimetric test strip. It takes blood by needle, tests the blood with the colorimetric test strip, and judges the blood glucose concentration according to the color change of the test strip. Its advantages are that the blood collection trauma is relatively small and the measurement accuracy is relatively high. However, its disadvantages are that it is necessary to collect blood every time the human blood glucose concentration is detected, which is rather troublesome, and the measurement cycle is long. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Aiming at the problems existing in the above glucose concentration detection, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a non-invasive continuous detection method for oral saliva glucose concentration, which is integrated in the middle of the alveolus of the second molar dental appliance in the right mandible. The purpose is to be able to non-invasively detect the human glucose concentration, avoid harm to the human body, can continuously detect without interruption throughout the day, has a short measurement cycle, does not require external additional power, the signal can be transmitted passively and wirelessly, and is convenient to disassemble when needed.

[0008] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A non-invasive continuous detection method for oral saliva glucose concentration, comprising an invisible dental brace (1) and an external signal receiver (2). The invisible dental brace (1) includes a graphene seal (3), a sensitive gel (4), a comb-shaped capacitor (5), a planar spiral coil (6), and a substrate (7). A homogeneous material square chamber is integrated in the middle of the alveolar part of the invisible dental brace, and the height of the chamber is not higher than that of the alveolar. An opening is provided at the top of the chamber, and graphene is placed on the opening to seal it to form a seal. Nano-scale pores are evenly distributed on the graphene seal, and the area occupancy rate of the pores on the graphene seal is 60%. The sensitive gel is located directly below the graphene seal, and the substrate is located directly below the sensitive gel. A layer of planar spiral coil is prepared on the upper surface of the substrate, and a comb-shaped capacitor is in the center of the planar spiral coil. The sensitive gel covers the comb-shaped capacitor. The detection method is characterized in that: the invisible dental brace is embedded in the second molar of the right mandible of a person. When the glucose concentration in the saliva outside the dental brace is greater than the glucose concentration in the chamber of the dental brace, the glucose molecules in the saliva outside the dental brace can enter the chamber through the pores on the graphene seal. The glucose molecules in the chamber react with the sensitive gel to cause a cross-linking reaction, resulting in a decrease in the dielectric constant of the sensitive gel and a decrease in the capacitance of the comb-shaped capacitor. Conversely, when the glucose concentration in the chamber of the dental brace is greater than the glucose concentration in the saliva outside the dental brace, the glucose molecules in the chamber can return to the saliva through the pores on the graphene. The glucose molecules combined with the sensitive gel in the chamber cause a de-linking reaction, resulting in an increase in the dielectric constant of the sensitive gel and an increase in the capacitance of the comb-shaped capacitor. The comb-shaped capacitor and the planar spiral coil form an LC resonance circuit, and signals are transmitted through electromagnetic coupling and received by the external receiver, truly realizing continuous glucose concentration detection for 24 hours a day.

[0010] The length, width and height of the chamber are 1.5 mm * 1.0 mm * 1.0 mm.

[0011] The length and width of the opening are 1.0 mm * 0.8 mm.

[0012] The length and width of the graphene seal are 1.0 mm * 0.8 mm.

[0013] The pores are formed by bombarding graphene with boron trifluoride atomic groups, the pore size is 1.0 nm, and the spacing between the pores is between 1.0 nm and 1.5 nm.

[0014] The sensitive gel is poly-3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid-acrylamide.

[0015] The comb-shaped capacitor has two electrodes. The left electrode has 9 teeth, the right electrode has 10 teeth, the tooth pitch is 0.02 mm, and the tooth length is 0.5 mm.

[0016] The number of turns of the planar coil is 3, the line width is 0.01 mm, the line spacing is 0.005 mm, the distance between the coil and the edge of the substrate is 0.055 mm, and the coil material is gold.

[0017] The specification of the substrate is 1.1mm*0.6mm*0.1mm, and the material is single crystal silicon.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. This glucose detection method is non-invasive and will not cause harm to the human body;

[0020] 2. This glucose detection method has the advantages of being passive and wireless, and can perform continuous and uninterrupted glucose detection;

[0021] 3. This glucose detection method has the advantages of being easy to install and disassemble, making people's lives more convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments;

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structural cross-section of the detection method;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a top view of the comb-shaped capacitor and the planar coil of the detection method;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the reaction between the sensitive gel and glucose in this method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Figure 1A non-invasive continuous oral saliva glucose concentration detection device, comprising an invisible dental brace 1 and an external signal receiver 7. The invisible dental brace 1 includes a graphene seal 2, a sensitive gel 3, a comb-shaped capacitor 4, a planar spiral coil 5, and a substrate 6. There is a chamber made of the same homogeneous material at the bottom of the alveolar socket of the invisible dental brace 1. The height of the chamber is not higher than the top of the alveolar socket, and the chamber is open at the top. Graphene is placed on the opening to seal it to form the graphene seal 2. The substrate 6 is located at the bottom of the chamber. On the upper surface of the substrate 6 are three turns of the planar spiral coil 5. In the center of the planar spiral coil 5 is the comb-shaped capacitor 4, and the comb-shaped capacitor 4 is also on the surface of the substrate 6. The sensitive gel 3 covers the comb-shaped capacitor 4, and above the comb-shaped capacitor 4 is the graphene seal 2. The invisible dental brace 1 is embedded in the second molar of the human mandible. The glucose concentration in the saliva outside the invisible dental brace 1 is greater than that in the dental brace chamber. Glucose molecules in the saliva outside the invisible dental brace 1 can enter the chamber through the small holes in the graphene seal 2. The glucose molecules in the chamber react with the sensitive gel 3 to produce a cross-linking reaction, resulting in a decrease in the dielectric constant of the sensitive gel 3 and a decrease in the capacitance of the comb-shaped capacitor 4. Conversely, when the glucose concentration in the chamber of the invisible dental brace 1 is greater than that in the saliva outside the invisible dental brace 1, the glucose molecules in the chamber can return to the saliva through the small holes in the graphene seal 2. The glucose molecules combined with the sensitive gel 3 in the chamber undergo a de-cross-linking reaction, resulting in an increase in the dielectric constant of the sensitive gel 3 and an increase in the capacitance of the comb-shaped capacitor 4. The comb-shaped capacitor 4 and the planar spiral coil 5 form an LC resonance circuit, and the signal is transmitted through electromagnetic coupling. The signal is received by the external signal receiver 7, truly realizing non-stop glucose concentration detection for 24 hours a day.

[0027] Figure 3 In [the figure], poly(3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid-acrylamide) 8 and glucose molecules 9 undergo a cross-linking reaction. The left side of the figure shows the dilute poly(3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid-acrylamide) 8 before the reaction, and the right side shows the thick reaction product after the reaction of poly(3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid-acrylamide) 8 and glucose molecules 9.

Claims

1. A non-invasive continuous detection method for oral saliva glucose concentration, comprising an invisible dental brace (1) and an external signal receiver (2), wherein the invisible dental brace (1) includes a graphene seal (3), a sensitive gel (4), a comb-shaped capacitor (5), a planar spiral coil (6), and a substrate (7). A homogeneous material square chamber is integrated in the middle of the alveolar socket of the invisible dental brace, the height of the chamber is not higher than that of the alveolar socket, and the chamber has an opening at the top. Graphene is placed on the opening to seal it to form a seal. Nanoscale holes are evenly distributed on the graphene seal, and the area occupancy rate of the holes on the graphene seal is 60%. The sensitive gel is located directly below the graphene seal, the substrate is located directly below the sensitive gel, a layer of planar spiral coil is prepared on the upper surface of the substrate, and a comb-shaped capacitor is in the center of the planar spiral coil. The sensitive gel covers the comb-shaped capacitor. It is characterized in that The detection method is as follows: The invisible dental brace is fitted on the second molar of the right mandible of a human. When the glucose concentration in the saliva outside the dental brace is greater than the glucose concentration in the chamber of the dental brace, the glucose molecules in the saliva outside the dental brace can enter the chamber through the small holes in the graphene seal. The glucose molecules in the chamber react with the sensitive gel to produce a cross-linking reaction, resulting in a decrease in the dielectric constant of the sensitive gel and a decrease in the capacitance of the comb-shaped capacitor. Conversely, when the glucose concentration in the chamber of the dental brace is greater than the glucose concentration in the saliva outside the dental brace, the glucose molecules in the chamber can return to the saliva through the small holes in the graphene seal. The glucose molecules combined with the sensitive gel in the chamber produce a de-cross-linking reaction, resulting in an increase in the dielectric constant of the sensitive gel and an increase in the capacitance of the comb-shaped capacitor. The comb-shaped capacitor and the planar spiral coil form an LC resonant circuit, and the signal is transmitted through electromagnetic coupling and received by an external receiver, truly realizing continuous glucose concentration detection for 24 hours a day; The small holes are formed by bombarding graphene with boron trifluoride atomic groups, with a pore size of 1.0 nm and a spacing between the holes ranging from 1.0 nm to 1.5 nm; The comb-shaped capacitor has two electrodes. The left electrode has 9 teeth, the right electrode has 10 teeth, the tooth pitch is 0.02 mm, and the tooth length is 0.5 mm; The planar spiral coil has 3 turns, a wire width of 0.01 mm, a wire spacing of 0.005 mm, a coil distance from the edge of the substrate of 0.055 mm, and the coil material is gold.

2. The non-invasive continuous detection method for oral saliva glucose concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length, width, and height of the chamber are 1.5 mm * 1.0 mm * 1.0 mm.

3. The non-invasive continuous detection method for oral saliva glucose concentration according to claim 1, wherein The length and width of the opening are 1.0 mm * 0.8 mm.

4. A non-invasive continuous detection method for oral saliva glucose concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that The length and width of the graphene seal are 1.0 mm * 0.8 mm.

5. A non-invasive continuous detection method for oral saliva glucose concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that The sensitive gel is poly(3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid-acrylamide).

6. The non-invasive continuous detection method for oral saliva glucose concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The substrate has a specification of 1.1 mm * 0.6 mm * 0.1 mm and the material is single-crystalline silicon.

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