A shaft excavation cutterhead

Abstract

The present invention discloses a shaft excavation cutter disc, which solves the problems of poor slag cleaning effect and low work efficiency of the cutter disc in the prior art. The present invention comprises a center block, a side block and a slag discharge mechanism. The side block is evenly installed on the outer wall of the lower part of the center block along the circumferential direction. The bottom of the center block is a conical surface, and a plurality of center knives are arranged on the conical surface; the bottom of the side block is provided with a plurality of surface knives and a plurality of side knives, the surface knives are arranged on the bottom surface of the side block along the radial direction, and the side knives are arranged at the outer edge of the bottom of the side block; the upper part of the slag discharge mechanism is connected to the center block, and the lower part of the slag discharge mechanism is connected to the side block and extends out of the bottom surface of the side block; a temporary slag barrel is arranged inside the center block, and the temporary slag barrel is connected to the slag discharge mechanism. The present invention integrates slag blocking, slag collecting, slag conveying and plane excavation. While ensuring efficient removal of slag, it cleans the local protrusions of the excavation surface, better protects the cutter and the slag scraper, has a good excavation effect, and greatly improves work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shaft excavation construction equipment, in particular to a shaft excavation cutter head. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of urban construction, shaft construction is being used more and more, and the excavation cutterhead is an indispensable part of shaft equipment. In the excavation process of existing shaft equipment, larger and harder rock layers or rock blocks are often encountered. Due to the unreasonable setting of the excavation blades, the excavation cutterhead of the existing shaft equipment will have a greater impact on the cutterhead, which is easy to cause damage to the cutterhead. The existing cutterhead has a complex structure, low integration, poor slag cleaning effect, and low transportation efficiency, which is not conducive to long-term underground excavation work. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an efficient excavation cutterhead with good slag cleaning effect. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention proposes a shaft excavation cutterhead, which solves the problems of poor slag cleaning effect and low working efficiency of the cutterhead in the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows: a shaft excavation cutter disc comprises a center block, a plurality of side blocks and a plurality of slag discharge mechanisms, the center block is a cylindrical structure, the side blocks are evenly installed on the outer wall of the lower part of the center block along the circumferential direction, the bottom of the center block is a conical surface, and a plurality of center knives are arranged on the conical surface; a plurality of face knives and a plurality of side knives are arranged at the bottom of the side block, the face knives are arranged on the bottom surface of the side block along the radial direction, and the side knives are arranged at the outer edge of the bottom of the side block; the upper part of the slag discharge mechanism is connected to the center block, and the lower part of the slag discharge mechanism is connected to the side block and extends out of the bottom surface of the side block; a temporary slag barrel is arranged inside the center block, and the temporary slag barrel is communicated with the slag discharge mechanism.

[0005] The slag discharge mechanism includes a driving wheel and two guide wheels. The driving wheel is installed inside the central block through a supporting cover and is located above the side block. One side of the supporting cover is connected to the temporary slag barrel, and the other side passes through the central block and is connected to the side block; two guide wheels are installed at the bottom of the side block, one driving wheel and two guide wheels are located in the same vertical plane and are distributed in a triangular shape, the guide wheel is connected to the driving wheel through a slag scraper chain, the slag scraper chain passes through the supporting cover and bypasses the guide wheel and the driving wheel to form a ring-shaped closed triangular structure, and slag scrapers and slag baffles are evenly arranged on the slag scraper chain, and the slag scrapers and slag baffles are arranged at intervals.

[0006] The length of the slag scraper extending out of the edge block is not greater than the length of the surface knife and the edge knife extending out of the edge block.

[0007] A rock-breaking cone plate and a slag-blocking scraper are radially arranged at the bottom of the side block. The rock-breaking cone plate is located on one side of the slag-discharging scraper chain, and the slag-blocking scraper is located on the other side of the slag-discharging scraper chain; the driving wheel is connected to the driving motor reducer installed on one side of the center block; the two guide wheels are respectively connected to the tensioning devices installed inside the side block and the center block.

[0008] A slag outlet is provided on one side of the support cover body connected to the temporary slag barrel, and the slag outlet corresponds to the slag inlet on the temporary slag barrel.

[0009] The temporary slag barrel is fixedly connected to the central block, the central axis of the temporary slag barrel coincides with the central axis of the central block, and a slag inlet corresponding to the slag discharge mechanism is provided on the barrel wall of the temporary slag barrel.

[0010] A chain groove is arranged on the outer wall of the edge block, and the chain groove matches with the slag scraper chain, and the slag scraper chain passes through the chain groove and enters into the supporting cover body.

[0011] The surface knife and the edge knife both include a knife seat and a cutting tool. The cutting tool is evenly mounted on the knife seat, and the cutting tool corresponds to the knife seat one by one. The edge knife is tiltedly arranged at the outer edge of the edge block.

[0012] The central block is connected to the side blocks via flanges, and the flanges are evenly arranged between the central block and the side blocks.

[0013] The slag discharge mechanism rotates while revolving with the cutter disc, and conveys the slag into the temporary slag barrel during the rotation process.

[0014] The present invention forms a circular triangular slag conveying path through a slag scraper chain that bypasses a driving wheel and two guide wheels, which is used to clear the slag at the bottom of the cutter disc and concentrate the slag in a temporary slag barrel. The slag conveying process is carried out in the support cover, which has a good conveying effect and improves the conveying efficiency. The bottom of the edge block is provided with a face knife, an edge knife and a rock breaking cone plate to improve the crushing of rock layers or rock blocks, reduce the impact force of rock blocks on the cutter disc, and increase the service life of the cutter disc. The present invention integrates slag blocking, slag collection, slag conveying and plane excavation. While ensuring efficient removal of slag, it cleans local protrusions on the excavation surface, better protects the cutter and the slag scraper, has a good excavation effect, and greatly improves work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying any creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is an axonometric drawing of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] like Figure 1-4 As shown, in Embodiment 1, a shaft excavation cutterhead comprises a center block 1, a plurality of side blocks 2 and a plurality of slag discharge mechanisms 5. The center block 1 is a cylindrical structure, and the side blocks 2 are evenly installed on the outer wall of the lower part of the center block 1 along the circumferential direction. The center block 1 is connected to the side blocks 2 through flanges 12, and the flanges 12 are evenly arranged between the center block 1 and the side blocks 2. The bottom of the center block 1 is a conical surface, and a plurality of center knives 11 are arranged on the conical surface. The center knives are arranged at the bottom of the center block 1 as needed, and the number is set as needed, and are used to concentrate on crushing the rock layer or soil layer in the middle of the shaft to reduce the impact of the rock layer or soil layer on the opposite knife. A plurality of face cutters 3 and a plurality of side cutters 4 are provided at the bottom of the edge block 2 for crushing the soil or rock layer on the bottom surface. The face cutters 3 are evenly arranged on the bottom surface of the edge block 2 in the radial direction, and the side cutters 4 are evenly arranged at the outer edge of the bottom of the edge block 2. The tool edge of the side cutter extends out of the edge block for crushing the soil or rock layer around the edge block. The arrangement of the center cutter 11, the face cutter 3 and the side cutter 4 covers the excavation surface of the shaft excavation; the center cutter 11, the face cutter 3 and the side cutter 4 all include a cutter seat 3-1 and a cutter 3-2, and the cutter 3-2 is evenly installed on the cutter seat 3-1, and the cutter 3-2 corresponds to the cutter seat 3-1 one by one, and the side cutter 4 is obliquely arranged at the outer edge of the edge block 2. The upper part of the slag discharge mechanism 5 is connected to the central block 1, and the lower part of the slag discharge mechanism 5 is connected to the side block 2 and extends out of the bottom surface of the side block 2. The surface knife 3 and the slag discharge mechanism 5 are arranged divergently with the center of the side block as the center; a temporary slag barrel 8 is provided inside the central block 1, and the temporary slag barrel 8 is connected to the slag discharge mechanism 5. The central knife 11, the surface knife 3, and the side knife 4 crush the soil layer or rock layer, and discharge the slag into the temporary slag barrel through the slag discharge mechanism, which plays the role of buffering the slag.

[0022] Embodiment 2, a shaft excavation cutter disc, the slag discharge mechanism 5 includes a driving wheel 5-1 and two guide wheels 5-2, the driving wheel 5-1 is installed inside the center block 1 through a support cover 5-3 and is located above the side block 2, one side of the support cover 5-3 is connected to the temporary slag barrel 8, and the other side passes through the center block 1 and is connected to the side block 2, which is used to protect the slag scraper chain 5-4; the two guide wheels 5-2 are installed at the bottom of the side block 2, one guide wheel is close to the center block, and the other guide wheel is close to the edge of the side block, one driving wheel 5-1 and the two guide wheels 5-2 are located in the same vertical plane and distributed in a triangular shape, the guide wheel 5-2 is connected to the driving wheel 5-1 through the slag scraper chain 5-4, the slag scraper chain 5-4 passes through the support cover 5-3 and bypasses the guide wheel 5-2 and the driving wheel 5-1 to form a ring-shaped closed triangular structure, and the slag scraper chain transports the slag under the cutter disc to the temporary slag barrel. Slag scraper chains 5-4 are evenly provided with slag scrapers 5-5 and slag baffles 5-6, which are arranged at intervals. The slag scraper 5-5 is arranged obliquely, and the slag baffles 5-6 are arranged in parallel with the slag scraper chains, which is convenient for shoveling and transporting the slag. The length of the slag scraper 5-5 extending out of the edge block 2 is not greater than the length of the face knife 3 and the side knife 4 extending out of the edge block 2, so that the face knife and the side knife cut the rock layer first, which plays a role in protecting the slag scraper 5-5.

[0023] The bottom of the side block 2 is radially provided with a rock-breaking cone plate 9 and a slag-blocking scraper 10. The rock-breaking cone plate 9 is located on one side of the slag-discharging scraper chain 5-4, and the slag-blocking scraper 10 is located on the other side of the slag-discharging scraper chain 5-4, which is used to break larger rock blocks and protect the cutter and the slag-discharging scraper. The driving wheel 5-1 is connected to the driving motor reducer 5-7 installed on one side of the center block 1. Under the action of the driving motor reducer, the driving wheel starts to rotate, thereby driving the rotation of the slag-discharging scraper chain to clear the slag; the two guide wheels 5-2 are respectively connected to the tensioning device 5-8 installed inside the side block 2 and the center block 1, which is used to tension the slag-discharging scraper chain 5-4.

[0024] A slag outlet 5-9 is provided on one side of the support cover 5-3 connected to the temporary slag barrel 8, and the slag outlet 5-9 corresponds to the slag inlet on the temporary slag barrel 8. The temporary slag barrel 8 is fixedly connected to the central block 1 and the side block 2 respectively, and the central axis of the temporary slag barrel 8 coincides with the central axis of the central block 1. A slag inlet corresponding to the slag discharge mechanism 5 is provided on the wall of the temporary slag barrel 8, which is convenient for the transportation of slag and completes the slag cleaning. A chain groove 5-10 is provided on the outer wall of the side block 2, and the chain groove 5-10 cooperates with the slag scraper chain 5-4. The slag scraper chain 5-4 passes through the chain groove 5-10 and enters the support cover 5-3, which plays a role in protecting the slag scraper chain while clearing the slag.

[0025] The cutter disc rotates downward under the action of thrust and torque, and the slag discharge mechanism 5 rotates while the cutter disc revolves. While the cutter 3-2 breaks the rock, the rock breaking cone plate 9 located in front of the slag scraper chain 5-4 only allows small pieces of slag to enter the slag scraper 5-5 and performs secondary rock breaking on the large rock blocks peeled off by the cutter, turning the large rock blocks into small pieces of rock. The support cover 5-3 can effectively prevent the slag carried by the slag scraper 5-5 from splashing. The slag discharge mechanism 5 transports the slag to the temporary slag barrel 8 during the rotation process. The slag blocking scraper 10 located on the rear side of the slag scraper chain 5-4 is used to block, collect slag, and level the excavation surface, so that the slag is efficiently transported and the cutter 3-2 and the slag scraper 5-5 are protected.

[0026] The other structures are the same as those in Example 1.

[0027] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shaft excavation cutterhead, characterized in that: The invention comprises a central block (1), a plurality of side blocks (2) and a plurality of slag discharge mechanisms (5), wherein the central block (1) is a cylindrical structure, the side blocks (2) are evenly mounted on the outer wall of the lower part of the central block (1) along the circumferential direction, the bottom of the central block (1) is a conical surface, and a plurality of central knives (11) are arranged on the conical surface; the bottom of the side block (2) is provided with a plurality of surface knives (3) and a plurality of side knives (4), the surface knives (3) are arranged on the bottom surface of the side block (2) along the radial direction, and the side knives (4) are arranged at the outer edge of the bottom of the side block (2); the upper part of the slag discharge mechanism (5) is connected to the central block (1), and the lower part of the slag discharge mechanism (5) is connected to the side block (2) and extends out of the bottom surface of the side block (2); a temporary slag barrel (8) is arranged inside the central block (1), and the temporary slag barrel (8) is connected to the slag discharge mechanism (5); The slag discharge mechanism (5) comprises a driving wheel (5-1) and two guide wheels (5-2); the guide wheel (5-2) is connected to the driving wheel (5-1) via a slag discharge scraper chain (5-4); the slag discharge scraper chain (5-4) passes through a support cover (5-3) and bypasses the guide wheel (5-2) and the driving wheel (5-1) to form a ring-shaped closed triangular structure; slag discharge scrapers (5-5) and slag discharge baffles (5-6) are evenly arranged on the slag discharge scraper chain (5-4); and the slag discharge scrapers (5-5) and slag discharge baffles (5-6) are arranged at intervals; A rock-breaking cone plate (9) and a slag-blocking scraper (10) are radially arranged at the bottom of the edge block (2); the rock-breaking cone plate (9) is located on one side of the slag-discharging scraper chain (5-4), and the slag-blocking scraper (10) is located on the other side of the slag-discharging scraper chain (5-4).

2. The shaft boring cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving wheel (5-1) is installed inside the central block (1) through a supporting cover (5-3) and is located above the side block (2); one side of the supporting cover (5-3) is connected to the temporary slag barrel (8), and the other side passes through the central block (1) and is connected to the side block (2); two guide wheels (5-2) are installed at the bottom of the side block (2); one driving wheel (5-1) and the two guide wheels (5-2) are located in the same vertical plane and are distributed in a triangular shape.

3. The shaft boring cutterhead according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the slag scraper (5-5) extending out of the edge block (2) is no greater than the length of the surface knife (3) and the edge knife (4) extending out of the edge block (2).

4. The shaft boring cutterhead according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving wheel (5-1) is connected to a driving motor reducer (5-7) installed on one side inside the center block (1); and the two guide wheels (5-2) are connected to tensioning devices (5-8) installed inside the side blocks (2) and the center block (1), respectively.

5. The shaft boring cutterhead according to claim 2, characterized in that: A slag outlet (5-9) is provided on one side of the support cover body (5-3) connected to the temporary slag barrel (8), and the slag outlet (5-9) corresponds to a slag inlet on the temporary slag barrel (8).

6. The shaft boring cutterhead according to claim 5, characterized in that: The temporary slag barrel (8) is fixedly connected to the central block (1), the central axis of the temporary slag barrel (8) coincides with the central axis of the central block (1), and a slag inlet corresponding to the slag discharge mechanism (5) is provided on the barrel wall of the temporary slag barrel (8).

7. The shaft boring cutterhead according to claim 2, characterized in that: A chain groove (5-10) is provided on the outer wall of the edge block (2); the chain groove (5-10) cooperates with the slag scraper chain (5-4); the slag scraper chain (5-4) passes through the chain groove (5-10) and enters the support cover body (5-3).

8. The shaft boring cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface knife (3) and the edge knife (4) both comprise a knife seat (3-1) and a cutting tool (3-2); the cutting tool (3-2) is evenly mounted on the knife seat (3-1); the cutting tool (3-2) corresponds to the knife seat (3-1) one by one; and the edge knife (4) is obliquely arranged at the outer edge of the edge block (2).

9. The shaft boring cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central block (1) is connected to the side blocks (2) via flanges (12), and the flanges (12) are evenly arranged between the central block (1) and the side blocks (2).

10. The shaft boring cutterhead according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The slag discharge mechanism (5) rotates while revolving along with the cutter disc, and during the rotation process, the slag is transported into the temporary slag barrel (8).

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