A cutter head structure and cutting tool

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of precision machining tools, and discloses a cutting tool and a tool head structure thereof, the tool head structure comprising a connecting portion and a cutting edge portion arranged at the front end of the connecting portion, the cutting edge portion comprising a cutting body fixed at the front end of the connecting portion and two or more first spiral cutting edges, the outer surface of the cutting body is an arc surface protruding outward, the first cutting edge is arranged on the outer surface of the cutting body, and each of the first cutting edges is respectively located on both sides of the vertex of the cutting body, and a first chip groove is defined between two adjacent first cutting edges; the first cutting edge extends from one side of the cutting body to its top area, and then extends to the other side of the cutting body. The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the first cutting edge passes through both sides of the cutting body and deviates from the vertex of the cutting body, which can improve the wear resistance of the tool, thereby ensuring the stability of the contour and surface roughness of the machined surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of precision machining tools, and in particular to a tool head structure and a cutting tool comprising the tool head structure. Background Art

[0002] A traditional spherical milling cutter has a cutting edge at the center point of its top. When a spherical milling cutter is used to mill a curved surface, the surface material of the workpiece is usually removed by squeezing or cutting at the top of the tool. The cutting edge at the top of the tool is subjected to concentrated force, resulting in great wear at the top of the tool. This will result in the surface roughness and contour of the workpiece processed subsequently being significantly worse than that of the workpiece processed at the beginning, due to severe wear at the top of the spherical milling cutter after processing a certain amount of workpieces. When workpieces are processed in batches, the surface roughness and contour of the processed surfaces of each workpiece are unstable. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a cutting tool, which has less wear during machining and can improve the surface roughness and profile stability of the machined surface. In order to achieve the above purpose, the first aspect of the present invention provides a tool head structure for a cutting tool, the tool head structure includes a connecting portion and a cutting edge portion provided at the front end of the connecting portion, the cutting edge portion includes a cutting body fixed at the front end of the connecting portion and two or more first spiral cutting edges, the outer surface of the cutting body is an outwardly convex arc surface, the first cutting edge is provided on the outer surface of the cutting body, and each of the first cutting edges is respectively located on both sides of the vertex of the cutting body, and a first chip removal groove is defined between two adjacent first cutting edges;

[0004] The first cutting edge extends from one side of the cutting body to a top area thereof, and then extends to the other side of the cutting body.

[0005] As a preferred solution, the outer surface of the cutting body is hemispherical.

[0006] As a preferred solution, the material of the cutting edge portion is any one of polycrystalline diamond, single crystal diamond, chemical vapor deposited diamond, polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, ceramic and cemented carbide.

[0007] As a preferred solution, both ends of the first cutting edge are arranged on the outer surface of the cutting body or extend to the outer side surface of the connecting portion.

[0008] As a preferred solution, the helix angle of the first cutting edge is 1° to 80°.

[0009] As a preferred solution, the diameter of the cutting body is 0.5 mm to 32 mm, the width of the first cutting edge is 0.01 mm to 0.3 mm, and the depth of the first chip groove is 0.02 mm to 0.5 mm.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the distance between two adjacent first cutting edges is 0.02 mm to 0.5 mm.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the first cutting edge is provided with a rake angle of -60° to 30°.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the rotation direction of the first cutting edge is left-handed or right-handed.

[0013] As a preferred solution, the rotation direction of the first cutting edge is right-handed, and the cutting edge of the first cutting edge is arranged on the right side of the first cutting edge.

[0014] As a preferred solution, the first cutting edge and the cutting body are integrally formed.

[0015] As a preferred solution, the outer surface of the cutting body is further provided with a plurality of spiral second cutting edges, each of the second cutting edges is respectively arranged on the outer side of the two first cutting edges located at the outermost sides, and a second chip removal groove is defined between two adjacent second cutting edges, and between the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge adjacent thereto;

[0016] The hand direction of the second cutting edge is the same as the hand direction of the first cutting edge.

[0017] As a preferred solution, the diameter of the cutting body is 0.5 mm to 32 mm, the width of the second cutting edge is 0.01 mm to 0.3 mm, and the depth of the second chip groove is 0.02 mm to 0.5 mm.

[0018] As a preferred solution, the second cutting edge is provided with a rake angle of -60° to 30°.

[0019] As a preferred solution, one end of the second cutting edge is connected to the first cutting edge, and the other end of the second cutting edge is arranged on the outer surface of the cutting body or extends to the outer side surface of the connecting portion.

[0020] As a preferred solution, the second cutting edge and the cutting body are integrally formed.

[0021] As a preferred solution, the cutting edge portion and the connecting portion are integrally formed, and the cutting edge portion and the connecting portion are made of the same material.

[0022] For the same purpose, the second aspect of the present invention provides a cutting tool, which includes a tool shank and a tool head structure as described in any one of the first aspects installed at the front end of the tool shank, and the rear end face of the connecting part is fixedly connected to the front end face of the tool shank.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The cutting tool of the embodiment of the present invention has a tool head structure comprising a connecting portion for connecting with a tool handle and a cutting edge portion provided at the front end of the connecting portion, wherein the cutting edge portion comprises a cutting body and at least two first cutting edges respectively provided at both sides of the vertex of the outer surface of the cutting body, wherein the outer surface of the cutting body is an arc surface convex outward, the first cutting edge is spiral, and the first cutting edge extends from one side of the cutting body to the top area thereof and then to the other side of the cutting body, thereby forming cutting edges penetrating the opposite sides of the cutting body;

[0025] In the present invention, during the milling process, the cutting force is mainly provided by the first cutting edges located on both sides of the vertex of the cutting body, and because the first cutting edge passes through the top area of ​​the cutting body and deviates from the vertex, no cutting edge passes through the vertex of the cutting body. Therefore, during the milling process, the wear of the first cutting edge is small, and the wear resistance of the cutting tool is greatly improved, so that the surface roughness of the machined workpiece is stable and the contour of the machined workpiece is not much different. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a cutter head structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 AA partial cross-sectional view;

[0028] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A top view of

[0029] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a cutter head structure in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a cutting tool in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 100, cutter head structure;

[0032] 10. Connecting portion; 20. Cutting edge portion; 21. Cutting body; 22. First cutting edge; 23. First chip groove; 24. Second cutting edge; 25. Second chip groove;

[0033] 200. Tool handle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. It should be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. are used in the present invention to describe various information, but such information should not be limited to these terms, which are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the "first" information may also be referred to as the "second" information, and similarly, the "second" information may also be referred to as the "first" information.

[0036] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "front" and "rear" mean that when the cutting tool is in use, the end close to the workpiece is the "front" and the end away from the workpiece is the "rear".

[0037] A first aspect of the present invention provides a tool head structure 100 for a cutting tool. The specific implementation of the tool head structure 100 is as follows:

[0038] Embodiment 1

[0039] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a tool head structure 100 for a cutting tool, which includes a connecting portion 10 and a cutting edge portion 20 provided at the front end of the connecting portion 10, wherein the cutting edge portion 20 includes a cutting body 21 fixed at the front end of the connecting portion 10 and two or more first spiral cutting edges 22, wherein the outer surface of the cutting body 21 is an arc surface convex outwardly, the first cutting edges 22 are provided on the outer surface of the cutting body 21, and each of the first cutting edges 22 is respectively located on both sides of the vertex of the cutting body 21, and a first chip removal groove 23 is defined between two adjacent first cutting edges 22;

[0040] The first cutting edge 22 extends from one side of the cutting body 21 to the top area thereof, and then extends to the other side of the cutting body 21 .

[0041] Based on the above technical solution, a tool head structure 100 for a cutting tool is provided in this embodiment. The tool head structure 100 is mainly used for milling and forming the curved surface of graphite workpieces, especially graphite molds. The rotation of the tool head structure 100 drives each first cutting edge 22 to rotate. Since the outer surface of the cutting body 21 is an arc surface protruding outward, the curved surface is milled on the workpiece by the tangent method. While the first cutting edge 22 rotates, the cutting body 21 drives it to perform trajectory motion to complete the milling of the entire curved surface.

[0042] Likewise, the tool head structure 100 in this embodiment can also be applied to processing workpieces made of materials such as glass and sapphire.

[0043] In this embodiment, during the milling process, the cutting force is mainly provided by the first cutting edge 22 located on both sides of the vertex of the cutting body 21, which can improve the surface roughness of the machined surface; importantly, since the first cutting edge 22 passes through the top area of ​​the cutting body 21 and deviates from the vertex, no cutting edge passes through the vertex of the cutting body 21, so the wear of the first cutting edge 22 is small during the milling process, which greatly improves the wear resistance of the cutting tool, thereby making the surface roughness of the machined workpiece stable and the contours of each completed workpiece not much different.

[0044] Preferably, in this embodiment, further, when the milling cutter is used to mill the curved surface, the force points are mainly concentrated on the top area of ​​the cutting body 21. In order to prevent the tool from chattering during the milling process and to ensure the surface roughness of the machined curved surface, the outer surface of the cutting body 21 is hemispherical.

[0045] Exemplarily, in order to maintain the cutting stability of the tool, the first cutting edges 22 are arranged in parallel.

[0046] When the tool is used to mill a curved surface, the cutting force is mainly concentrated in the top area of ​​the tool. Preferably, in this embodiment, two first cutting edges 22 are arranged on the outer surface of the cutting body 21, and the two first cutting edges 22 are respectively located on both sides of the vertex of the cutting body 21, and the two first cutting edges 22 are arranged in parallel. By setting the two first cutting edges 22, the curved surface milling can be completed and the surface roughness of the machined surface of the workpiece can be ensured.

[0047] Preferably, in this embodiment, the entire cutting edge portion 20 of the tool head structure 100 is made of polycrystalline diamond. Compared with traditional coated milling cutters, the integral polycrystalline diamond structure greatly increases the wear resistance of the cutting edge, and there is no problem of easy peeling of the coating, which greatly extends the service life of the tool and reduces the number of tool changes during the processing; and due to the high hardness and good wear resistance of polycrystalline diamond, the processing accuracy and efficiency of the tool can be effectively improved.

[0048] As an alternative, the material of the cutting edge portion 20 may also be any one of single crystal diamond, chemical vapor deposited diamond, polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, ceramic and cemented carbide, which can also achieve the wear-resistant effect.

[0049] In this embodiment, both ends of the first cutting edge 22 extend to the outer side surface of the connecting portion 10 , and the processing range is relatively large; illustratively, both ends of the first cutting edge 22 can be extended to the edge of the rear end surface of the connecting portion 10 .

[0050] See attached Figure 3 As shown, the helix angle α of the first cutting edge 22 is 1° to 80°. Properly increasing the helix angle of the first cutting edge 22 can reduce the cutting force of the tool during the machining process, increase the impact resistance of the tool, prevent tool vibration, ensure better surface machining quality, and extend the service life of the cutting tool. Based on the above-mentioned helix angle, the strength, sharpness, cutting force and chip removal speed of the first cutting edge 22 are all ideal.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, the distance between the two side surfaces of the first cutting edge 22 is defined as the edge width L of the first cutting edge 22, wherein the diameter D of the cutting body 21 is 0.5 mm to 32 mm, and the edge width of the first cutting edge 22 is 0.01 to 0.3 mm.

[0052] Furthermore, in order to prevent chips from remaining on the surface of the workpiece and causing repeated extrusion, the first chip groove 23 has a groove depth of 0.02 mm to 0.5 mm. The chips after extrusion or cutting can be discharged from the first chip groove 23, which can improve the surface roughness.

[0053] In this embodiment, preferably, the distance between two adjacent first cutting edges 22 is 0.02 mm to 0.5 mm, which can meet the processing requirements and ensure smooth discharge of cutting chips.

[0054] See attached Figure 2 As shown, along the AA section view of the first cutting edge 22, the angle between the side surface of the first cutting edge 22 with a cutting edge and the normal of the outer surface of the cutting body 21 is a rake angle β, and the rake angle setting range of the first cutting edge 22 is -60° to 30°. Since the cutting edge of the first cutting edge 22 has a rake angle, the tool is sharp and the extrusion wear is small, which can further improve the profile of the workpiece processing surface and the stability of the surface roughness.

[0055] In this embodiment, the rotation direction of the first cutting edge 22 is right-handed, and the direction in which the cutting chips flow out can be changed by changing the rotation direction.

[0056] Specifically, in the present embodiment, the rotation direction of the first cutting edge 22 is right-handed, and the cutting edge of the first cutting edge 22 is arranged on the right side of the first cutting edge 22 .

[0057] In this embodiment, the first cutting edge 22 and the cutting body 21 are integrally formed, so that a larger number of first cutting edges 22 can be processed on a smaller cutting body 21, making the forming simpler and ensuring the wear resistance of the cutting tool and extending its service life.

[0058] In this embodiment, in order to further improve the wear resistance of the cutter head structure 100, extend its service life, and improve the chip removal capability, the outer surface of the cutting body 21 is further provided with a plurality of spiral second cutting edges 24, each of which is respectively provided on the outer side of the two first cutting edges 22 located at the outermost sides, and a second chip removal groove 25 is defined between two adjacent second cutting edges 24, and between the first cutting edge 22 and the second cutting edge 24 adjacent thereto; the rotation direction of the second cutting edge 24 is the same as that of the first cutting edge 22. Since the second cutting edge 24 is provided, multiple blades can participate in extrusion grinding to reduce the degree of tool wear, and the rotation direction of the second cutting edge 24 is consistent with that of the first cutting edge 22, so that the chip removal direction is consistent, which is conducive to smooth chip removal and can improve the surface roughness of the machined workpiece.

[0059] Specifically, one end of the second cutting edge 24 is connected to the first cutting edge 22, and the second cutting edge 24 and the first cutting edge 22 are staggeredly connected, which can effectively ensure the contour of the processed surface; and the other end of the second cutting edge 24 extends to the outer side surface of the connecting portion 10, and the processing range is larger.

[0060] Specifically, the diameter of the cutting body 21 is 0.5mm-32mm, the width of the second cutting edge 24 is 0.01-0.3mm, and the depth of the second chip groove 25 is 0.02mm-0.5mm. A large number of second cutting edges 24 can be processed on the cutting body 21, thereby improving the surface roughness of the processed surface.

[0061] Similarly, referring to the above description of the rake angle β of the first cutting edge 22, the second cutting edge 24 is provided with a rake angle of -60° to 30° to ensure cutting capability and improve surface roughness.

[0062] In order to facilitate molding and ensure the wear resistance and service life of the cutting tool, the second cutting edge 24 and the cutting body 21 are integrally molded, and multiple second cutting edges 24 can be designed according to usage requirements.

[0063] Furthermore, the cutting edge portion 20 and the connecting portion 10 are integrally formed, which is convenient for forming, and the cutting edge portion 20 and the connecting portion 10 are made of the same material.

[0064] Embodiment 2

[0065] For details, please refer to the attached Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides another cutter head structure 100, and the only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: both ends of the first cutting edge 22 are arranged on the outer surface of the cutting body 21; one end of the second cutting edge 24 is connected to the first cutting edge 22, and the other end of the second cutting edge 24 is arranged on the outer surface of the first cutting body 21.

[0066] Exemplarily, in this embodiment, both ends of the first cutting edge 22 are arranged at the connection between the cutting body 21 and the connecting part 10; one end of the second cutting edge 24 is connected to the first cutting edge 22, and the other end of the second cutting edge 24 is arranged at the connection between the cutting body 21 and the connecting part 10.

[0067] For the same purpose, a second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a cutting tool, Figure 5 As shown, the cutting tool includes a tool shank 200 and a tool head structure 100 as in any embodiment of the first aspect installed at the front end of the tool shank 200 , and the rear end face of the connecting portion 10 is fixedly connected to the front end face of the tool shank 200 .

[0068] Since the cutting tool of the present invention includes the tool head structure 100 as described in any embodiment of the first aspect, it has all the beneficial effects of the tool head structure 100, which are not described one by one here.

[0069] In summary, an embodiment of the present invention provides a tool head structure and a cutting tool including the tool head structure, the tool head structure includes a connecting portion for connecting to a tool shank and a cutting edge portion arranged at the front end of the connecting portion, the cutting edge portion includes a cutting body and at least two first cutting edges respectively arranged on both sides of the vertex of the outer surface of the cutting body, the outer surface of the cutting body presents an arc surface convex outward, the first cutting edge is spiral, and the first cutting edge extends from one side of the cutting body to its top area and then extends to the other side of the cutting body; in the present invention, during the milling process, the cutting force is mainly provided by the first cutting edges located on both sides of the vertex of the cutting body, and because the first cutting edge passes through the top area of ​​the cutting body and deviates from the vertex, no cutting edge passes through the vertex of the cutting body, so that the wear of the first cutting edge is small during the milling process, which greatly improves the wear resistance of the cutting tool, thereby making the surface roughness of the machined workpiece stable and the contour of the machined workpiece not much different.

[0070] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cutter head structure, characterized in that: The cutting edge portion comprises a connecting portion and a cutting edge portion arranged at the front end of the connecting portion, wherein the cutting edge portion comprises a cutting body fixed at the front end of the connecting portion and two spiral first cutting edges, wherein the outer surface of the cutting body is an arc surface convex outwardly, the first cutting edges are arranged on the outer surface of the cutting body, and each of the first cutting edges is respectively located on both sides of the vertex of the cutting body, and a first chip removal groove is defined between two adjacent first cutting edges; The first cutting edge extends from one side of the cutting body to the top area thereof, and then extends to the other side of the cutting body; The first cutting edges are arranged in parallel; The outer surface of the cutting body is further provided with a plurality of spiral second cutting edges, each of which is respectively arranged on the outer side of two first cutting edges, and each of the first cutting edges is provided with a plurality of second cutting edges on the outer side, and is sequentially spaced and arranged along the extension direction of the first cutting edges, and a second chip removal groove is defined between two adjacent second cutting edges, and between the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge adjacent thereto; The rotation direction of the second cutting edge is the same as the rotation direction of the first cutting edge; One end of the second cutting edge is connected to the first cutting edge, and the other end of the second cutting edge is arranged on the outer surface of the cutting body or extends to the outer side surface of the connecting portion.

2. The cutter head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the cutting body is hemispherical.

3. The cutter head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the cutting edge portion is any one of polycrystalline diamond, single crystal diamond, chemical vapor deposition diamond, polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, ceramic and cemented carbide.

4. The cutter head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the first cutting edge are arranged on the outer surface of the cutting body or extend to the outer side surface of the connecting portion.

5. The cutter head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The helix angle of the first cutting edge is 1° to 80°.

6. The cutter head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the cutting body is 0.5 mm to 32 mm, the width of the first cutting edge is 0.01 mm to 0.3 mm, and the depth of the first chip removal groove is 0.02 mm to 0.5 mm.

7. The cutter head structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The distance between two adjacent first cutting edges is 0.02 mm to 0.5 mm.

8. The cutter head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first cutting edge is provided with a rake angle of -60° to 30°.

9. The cutter head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation direction of the first cutting edge is left-handed or right-handed.

10. The cutter head structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The rotation direction of the first cutting edge is right-handed, and the cutting edge of the first cutting edge is arranged on the right side of the first cutting edge.

11. The cutter head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first cutting edge and the cutting body are integrally formed.

12. The cutter head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the cutting body is 0.5 mm to 32 mm, the width of the second cutting edge is 0.01 mm to 0.3 mm, and the depth of the second chip removal groove is 0.02 mm to 0.5 mm.

13. The cutter head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second cutting edge is provided with a rake angle of -60° to 30°.

14. The cutter head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second cutting edge and the cutting body are integrally formed.

15. The cutter head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting edge portion and the connecting portion are integrally formed, and the cutting edge portion and the connecting portion are made of the same material.

16. A cutting tool, characterized in that: It comprises a tool shank and a tool head structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 15 installed at the front end of the tool shank, wherein the rear end face of the connecting portion is fixedly connected to the front end face of the tool shank.

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