Method for printing varying bonding area patterns on substrates by inkjet printing

Abstract

The object of the present invention, which relates to a method for printing a substrate by means of inkjet printing, is to enable accurate printing of a bonding point matrix with less complexity than an ideal orthogonal bonding point matrix by shifting, rotating or deforming it, in particular by nonlinear deformation. This object is achieved in that the bonding areas of a bonding area line are determined relative to the nozzle lines by selecting a lateral resolution that is sufficiently large so that the minimum distance between nozzle lines is smaller than the minimum distance between bonding area rows, and by varying (deforming) the distances between adjacent bonding area rows between the various bonding area lines specified by the substrate, and thus only the print head nozzles having nozzle lines intersecting the bonding areas are actuated according to the nozzle actuation scheme and the corresponding bonding area type.

Description

[0001] This invention relates to a method for printing a substrate using inkjet printing. In this process, bonding regions are present on the substrate, corresponding to a bonding region type, and consisting of bonding region lines and rows of bonding regions aligned perpendicularly thereto. The bonding region matrix is ​​aligned relative to the printhead such that the rows of bonding regions extend substantially parallel to the printing direction, and actuation of the printhead causes one or more droplets from one or more printhead nozzles to create a pattern of bonding points within the bonding regions. In doing so, the printhead nozzles create imaginary nozzle lines on the substrate surface, with lateral resolution representing the distance between the nozzle lines.

[0002] In particular, the present invention relates to printing on rigid and flexible substrates, wherein a predetermined amount of functional liquid (hereinafter referred to as ink) is intended to be metered in multiple bonding areas (e.g., sensor surfaces, pixels, reactive surfaces for medical applications, etc.).

[0003] Of course, this method requires at least an approximate knowledge of the location of the bonding region on the substrate.

[0004] To determine the location of the bonding area, it is known that the orientation of the substrate relative to the printhead can be determined, for example, using a camera that records alignment marks on the substrate, and the coordinate position of the substrate can be determined by a subsequent pattern inspection process. The alignment marks are applied to the substrate in an upstream production step, thus representing the geometry of the substrate during pattern inspection.

[0005] However, the orientation of the substrate and the position of each bonding area can also be determined directly, not from alignment marks applied through existing production steps, but by, for example, by detecting the bonding areas as indicated, such as by physical initiation.

[0006] The substrate may have one or more types of bonding areas. Different types of bonding areas can be metered, for example, using different inks or having different geometries. Furthermore, multiple substrates can be processed simultaneously.

[0007] This article speculates on the following terms.

[0008] ----Print orientation:

[0009] The printing direction is the direction in which the printhead moves relative to the substrate, where droplets are output through the printhead nozzles.

[0010] ---- Nozzle line:

[0011] The movement of the printhead is typically performed as a linear movement. The projection of the execution line of the printhead nozzle movement onto the substrate surface is represented as the nozzle line. The nozzle line is not an actual line, but rather an imaginary one.

[0012] ----Combination Zone:

[0013] The bonding area is a region on the substrate in which a predetermined amount of functional liquid (referred to herein as ink) is metered. This bonding area can be used, for example, to create sensor surfaces, pixels, reactive surfaces for medical applications, etc. The bonding area has a target location defined prior to printing.

[0014] ----Type of Combined Zone:

[0015] The substrate may have one or more bonding region types. Different bonding region types can be measured, for example, by using different inks, ink amounts, bonding points, etc., or by having different geometries.

[0016] ----Combined region matrix:

[0017] The pattern produced on the substrate is created by a bonding area matrix arranged in bonding area rows and bonding area lines. If the bonding area matrix is ​​aligned relative to the movement of the print head, bonding areas positioned one after another in the printing direction form bonding area rows, and bonding areas adjacent to each other perpendicular to the printing direction form bonding area lines.

[0018] ----Actuation of the printhead nozzles:

[0019] Actuation of the printhead nozzles causes droplets to be output from the printhead nozzles. Due to actuation, droplet volume and / or droplet number can also be controlled.

[0020] ----Connection Point:

[0021] The bonding point is the center of gravity of the substrate surface, which is wetted when it comes into contact with a drop of ink from the printhead nozzle.

[0022] ----Horizontal resolution:

[0023] Lateral resolution is the number of nozzle lines per unit length, with a minimum distance 'a' between each nozzle line. This minimum distance 'a' can be modified (alone or in combination) by:

[0024] a) By increasing the number of print nozzles per unit length of the printhead nozzle line and / or

[0025] b) By arranging at least one second printhead nozzle line that is transverse to the first printhead nozzle line and laterally offset relative to the printing direction and / or

[0026] c) Through static deformation of the printhead, the nozzle line of the printhead forms an angle between >0° and <90° and / or

[0027] d) By making the printhead pass laterally across the substrate n times, wherein, for example, for each pass, the printhead is displaced laterally in the printing direction by an amount Where i = 0, 1, 2, 3...

[0028] In this case, an increase in lateral resolution means a decrease in distance a.

[0029] ---- Nozzle actuation scheme:

[0030] It can be specified that the actuation algorithm is applied to the specification of the actuation nozzle, which specifies which printhead nozzle's nozzle line intersects with the mating area and can actually be actuated, but does not actuate it.

[0031] The prior art for metering functional liquids on a substrate achieves this metering task through dispensers, chemical vapor deposition, analog printing methods, and inkjet printing. This invention relates to inkjet printing.

[0032] In many applications, it is generally advantageous to limit the variation in the quantities measured for each type of bonding region, such as for reproducibly measuring active OLED materials or even color filters for displays, and active sensor materials, so that in the finished product, the variation in the functional characteristics of the bonding regions within the substrate does not exceed predetermined limits. This is necessary to keep, for example, variations in luminous intensity within a display and the sensitivity of sensor-to-sensor signals that are part of the mother substrate within permissible limits.

[0033] When using inkjet printing for metering, the existing technology involves placing exactly the same number of inkjet droplets on the bonding points in the bonding area, which should perform the same function.

[0034] A further prior art technique involves attempting to advantageously adjust the lateral resolution to match the lateral resolution of the bonding zone matrix by rotating the printhead and / or substrate. This adjustment is performed such that the maximum possible number of nozzle lines intersect the bonding zone.

[0035] In some cases, the adjustment of the lateral resolution relative to the bonding area matrix cannot be achieved by rotation. However, complex rotation of the printhead and / or substrate should be avoided entirely, or a printhead that does not allow continuous adjustment of resolution by rotation should be used, such as a high-performance modern printhead with more than one nozzle line.

[0036] Rotation of the printhead and / or substrate is impractical in implementation, for example, in the following situations:

[0037] a) The substrate has production-related deformations relative to an ideally orthogonal bonding region matrix, which prevents the nozzle line from aligning with a large number of bonding regions on the substrate. This is the case, for example, when using a flexible substrate.

[0038] b) The binding regions are not evenly distributed across the matrix—whether due to production or intentional—making it impossible to find a proper alignment.

[0039] The present invention relates to the previously described situation in which the adjustment of the lateral resolution relative to the bonding area matrix should not or cannot and / or disadvantageously be implemented by rotation of the printhead relative to the substrate (or, more precisely, relative to the printing direction).

[0040] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for printing a substrate by means of inkjet printing, which can achieve accurate printing of a matrix of shifted, rotated or deformed, especially nonlinearly deformed, matrix of joints with lower complexity compared to an ideal orthogonal joint matrix.

[0041] According to the present invention, the objective is achieved by a method of the type described above.

[0042] 1. Select a lateral resolution that is large enough so that the minimum distance between nozzle lines is less than the minimum distance between the rows of the junction area, and

[0043] 2. By varying (deforming) the distance between adjacent rows of bonding zones specified by the substrate, the position of the bonding zone of the bonding zone line is determined relative to the nozzle line. Therefore, depending on the nozzle actuation scheme and the corresponding bonding zone type, only the printhead nozzle with the nozzle line intersecting the bonding zone is actuated.

[0044] In one embodiment of the method, lateral resolution is increased by selecting a printhead with multiple print nozzles in the printhead nozzle line, the distance between the printhead nozzles being less than the minimum distance between the rows of the bonding area.

[0045] This method can be embodied in increasing lateral resolution by selecting a printhead, wherein at least one second printhead nozzle line is arranged laterally offset from the first printhead nozzle line in the printing direction.

[0046] Lateral resolution can also be increased by rotating the printhead relative to the printing direction, so that the nozzle line of the printhead forms an angle between >0° and <90° relative to the printing direction.

[0047] Another option is to increase lateral resolution by making n lateral movements of the printhead relative to the substrate, wherein the printhead is displaced laterally in the printing direction each time it passes.

[0048] A variation of this configuration is characterized by the printhead shifting by an amount x = i*a + a / n each time it passes through, where i = 0, 1, 2, 3...

[0049] To compensate for the Mohr effect, the location of the bonding points is randomized within their bonding regions. Because the locations of the bonding points are randomly selected within permissible limits, repetitive patterns visible due to their repeating structures are avoided. The bonding points can then be located by adding or subtracting randomly selected values ​​from the position coordinates.

[0050] In another embodiment of the method, the pattern of the joint points in a single joint area is provided by printing the pattern through one or more advantageous nozzles. This also avoids repetitive structures.

[0051] Another option to prevent repetitive structures is to randomly shift the pattern from the bonding region to the bonding point by one or more lateral resolution steps.

[0052] In doing so, the actuation of the nozzle can be performed randomly or pseudo-randomly on the corresponding engagement zone.

[0053] In another embodiment of the method, a pattern for selecting the bonding points is provided by combining nozzles with different droplet volumes, such that the deviation in the amount of ink deposited in similar bonding areas does not exceed 10%.

[0054] In order to adjust the amount of ink in the bonding zone, the droplets in the bonding zone can be metered so that the nozzles that pass through the corresponding bonding zone due to relative motion provide a limited number of droplets to one or more bonding points in the bonding zone.

[0055] When doing so, you can specify the number of droplets in the nozzle actuation scheme or the number of droplets in the junction zone type.

[0056] To determine the position and deformation, the position of the bonding area is determined by scanning alignment marks on the substrate, i.e., comparing their actual position with the target position of the non-deformed substrate, thereby determining the deformation within the substrate that exceeds the linear positional deviation and the angular deviation of the substrate, and calculating the position of the bonding area based on the deformation of the substrate using a mathematical model.

[0057] The mating zone can be used as an alignment mark.

[0058] The invention will now be explained in more detail with the aid of exemplary embodiments. The corresponding figures are shown below:

[0059] Figure 1 An example of an RGB(W) pixel consists of four binding regions;

[0060] Figure 2 An example of an RGB pixel consists of three bonding regions;

[0061] Figure 3 Example of RGB pixels in a flexible EPD;

[0062] Figure 4 Representation of the tolerance of the position of the color pixel in a TFT pixel region with four bonding areas;

[0063] Figure 5 Vertical printing resolution is controlled by the jetting rate in the printing direction;

[0064] Figure 6 Lateral resolution (in the Y direction) controlled by the printhead angle;

[0065] Figure 7 Monochromatic droplets at the binding point within the binding region;

[0066] Figure 8 A color pixel matrix with 3×3 binding points within the binding area;

[0067] Figure 9 Typical nonlinear deformation of pixel positions in a flexible display after separation from a rigid carrier; blue = design position, red = current position.

[0068] Figure 10 Design data for alignment marks and pixel positions;

[0069] Figure 11 The measurement representation of the alignment mark;

[0070] Figure 12 Representation of rotation correction;

[0071] Figure 13 Representation of magnification correction;

[0072] Figure 14 Based on the determination of the alignment mark position, the representation of the pixel position (binding region) is calculated along the polynomial;

[0073] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of deformation compensation;

[0074] Figure 16 A schematic diagram of a functional method for correcting deformation of a controlled printhead nozzle in a linear printing strip;

[0075] Figure 17 The system's optical contrast variation is represented by large gaps between pixels; and

[0076] Figure 18 Random pixel displacement in the Y direction;

[0077] An exemplary embodiment relates to a method for printing a flexible substrate.

[0078] Printing color filters directly onto the surface of an active matrix display is a known technique. For example... Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, three colors (RGB = red, green, blue) are typically printed onto the subpixels of a high-resolution pixel array, producing an RGB display. According to the invention, subpixels represent bonding areas in this process. Therefore, the pixel array is generated by an array of bonding areas. The typical number of pixels in an active matrix display ranges from several thousand to several million pixels per display. Typical screen resolutions are between 50 ppi and over 300 ppi.

[0079] Typical color filter arrays are RGB or RGBW (RGBW = red, green, blue, white; where W is not printed). Although in this exemplary embodiment, each color has only one binding region geometry, and in particular, the geometry of binding regions R, G, and B is consistently chosen in this example, the geometry of the binding regions can often be different and each color may have more than one geometry, i.e., more than one binding region type.

[0080] Flexible EPDs (EPD = Electronic Paper Displays) can be examples of flexible substrates. For example... Figure 3 As shown, in this case, the original b / w (b / w = black / white) resolution is 150 ppi, with a 170 μm TFT pixel size (TFT = thin-film transistor). To produce a color display, RGB filters are printed above the b / w TFT pixels, where each color pixel is typically slightly smaller than the TFT pixel size (e.g., 150 μm). In this case, the final color display resolution is 75 ppi. An important standard is to place a color pixel composed of the bonding points of inkjet droplets in each TFT pixel, i.e., each bonding area, as shown... Figure 4 As shown. Although other standards can also be applied, it is required that the color pixels within a TFT pixel must not spread to adjacent TFT pixels, but must instead be within the TFT pixel area of ​​all pixels on the active matrix display.

[0081] Typically, printing color filters created using inkjet printing involve the following processing steps:

[0082] 1. The function detection camera detects multiple alignment marks (usually 4) inside or outside the active matrix (alignment marks are usually generated during the processing sequence of the TFT array).

[0083] With reference to the alignment marks, the positions of all TFT pixels in an active matrix display are known through the design of the display.

[0084] 2. Depending on the placement of the display substrate on the inkjet printer's stage, it can compensate for X and Y offsets because it moves the stage or printhead to correct the starting position and usually compensates for rotation by rotating the stage to the ideal position.

[0085] 3. The inkjet printer begins printing on the substrate using linear printhead stripes (the stage typically moves in the printing direction (X direction along the print stripe direction), and the printhead moves laterally in the printing direction (Y direction).

[0086] 4. The contact point (vertical resolution) in the X direction (printing direction) is controlled by controlling the printhead output frequency and the stage speed, such as... Figure 5 As shown.

[0087] 5. The resolution in the Y direction is specified by the printhead's original resolution. The resolution in the Y direction can be increased because the printhead rotates accordingly, such as... Figure 6 As shown.

[0088] 6. For example Figure 7 and 8 As shown, a color pixel can be created in any TFT pixel by either a single-color ink droplet or by a matrix output of multiple color ink droplets within any TFT (sub)pixel area (binding area).

[0089] Typical color inkjet printers used for color filter printing on active matrix displays employ printheads with a native resolution of up to 600 ppi and a single droplet size of >30 μm. Active matrix display arrays typically have an orthogonal (linear / rectangular) arrangement of TFT pixels above the display area. The previously described color filter printing process is based on the precise positioning of each subpixel and external adjustment marks, which allows only slight deviations (up to a few micrometers). This is not a problem because active matrix display arrays are typically created on rigid glass substrates.

[0090] When a flexible substrate is attached to a rigid glass carrier, a printing process for a flexible display with high resolution is typically also performed. As long as the substrate is glass or attached to glass, the array remains rigid, and the subsequent color filter printing process can be based on the known sub-pixel positions of reference alignment marks, as specified in the design.

[0091] For the manufacturing process of displays on flexible substrates, color filter printing may be required after the flexible substrate (with completed TFT array technology) is separated from the rigid glass carrier. Although any flexible substrate (e.g., PEN, PI, PET, etc.) is separated from its rigid (glass) carrier, the flexible substrate undergoes significant deformation. Alignment marks and the positions of TFT pixels in the display field are non-linearly shifted.

[0092] like Figure 9As shown, the magnitude of the displacement increases with the increase of display size. Therefore, any temperature change also has a significant expansion / contraction effect on the flexible substrate. Consequently, the alignment marks no longer match the design drawing positions, the TFT pixel positions relative to the alignment marks no longer match the design drawing positions, and the positions of all TFT pixels in the array will similarly deviate from the design drawing positions. The offset can range from 5 μm to several hundred μm. The offset value (deformation) is different for each display. However, color filter printing requires precise pixel positions; any deviation >5-10 μm will make color filter processing impossible because the color pixels can no longer be precisely printed in the TFT pixels. Exceeding this maximum permissible deviation will cause the flexible substrate to separate from the rigid carrier and deform.

[0093] As a result, the inkjet printer will scan the alignment marks using feature detection (e.g., at the four corners of the display) and will detect non-rectangular positioning of the alignment marks. The TFT pixel positions for non-linear displacement cannot be determined, calculated, and compensated for. Only an average rectangular grid can be calculated and used for print position calculation. However, for the largest portion of the display surface, the actual TFT pixel position deviation exceeds 5-10 μm, affecting the print results.

[0094] The solution to the problem lies in a combination of two concepts. First, a mathematical model is used to predict the pixel positions on the warp display substrate (determining the bonding area). Second, a high-resolution inkjet printhead is used for color filter printing, which compensates for the warp while maintaining high throughput.

[0095] like Figure 10-14 As shown, the processing order is as follows:

[0096] 1. The camera scans four alignment marks. The number of alignment marks to scan depends on the monitor size, required accuracy, and distortion. Depending on the type and size of the distortion, the number of alignment marks can be increased. For a typical ~10" monitor size, eight alignment marks are sufficient.

[0097] Alignment marks should be selected to ensure adequate detection of display distortion. This typically involves four alignment mark positions at the corners of the display and four alignment marks on the sides. The closer the alignment marks are to the active surface, the better the subsequent calculations will be. Alignment marks can also be used within the active matrix (aligning at the top pixel of the TFT matrix; when EPD media is available, alignment features can be directly driven into the display).

[0098] 2. A mathematical model is used to predict the positions of all pixels in the display, where all eight (or more) alignment marks are considered and the optimal adjustment is calculated. The matrix of the X and Y positions of the pixels obtained on the display is not a linear grid but a matrix of polynomial lines. In this process, it is assumed that the deformation within the active matrix generally follows the deformation measured at the alignment marks. In reality, there is always a certain offset between the calculated and actual pixel positions. This is acceptable as long as the deviation of all pixels is small enough.

[0099] 3. The inkjet printer then receives the calculated pixel center positions (binding zones) and a printed image of each color pixel to be printed (binding zone type). Using a high-resolution printhead with small ink droplet volumes allows color pixels to be composed of a matrix of many small color dots (at the binding points). For the applications discussed here, the typical droplet size is 15-20 μm. For example, to produce 150 × 150 μm color pixels, a color matrix comprising 12 × 12 droplets can be applied while simultaneously covering the droplets. The typical color pixel image to be printed is square. However, in the case of high resolution and small droplets, other forms can also be printed to affect the optical performance of the color filter and compensate for process considerations (such as nozzle output deviation).

[0100] 4. Using inkjet printing, each stripe can only follow one linear movement. Deformation compensation is then applied due to the high resolution of the printhead and the precision of the printer. For example, using a native 1200 dpi printhead, it operates at 2400 dpi. This allows a droplet to be placed every ~10 μm within just two print strips. This resolution is high enough to arrange each color area to be fully centered on each TFT pixel. Higher resolution can be achieved when more color stripes are implemented for color pixel printing. However, yield will be affected by the production environment.

[0101] like Figure 15 and 16 As shown, actual compensation during linear printing of the strip is performed by controlling individual inkjet nozzles, which are turned on and off during the linear strip movement. As long as the intermediate position is within ~5μm of the color pixel matrix, a given set of nozzles will print color pixels along the strip. If the intermediate position exceeds the 5μm limit, the nozzle in the matrix is ​​turned off, and the next nozzle on the opposite side of the matrix is ​​turned on. In this way, the color pixel matrix remains uniform, but the color pixels jump by ~10μm (lateral resolution). The color pixels are always within the allowed TFT pixel area. This is implemented continuously along the printing direction, allowing all color pixels to be precisely placed along a calculated polynomial.

[0102] 5. Using this type of deformation compensation method, inkjet printers no longer require vacuum clamping devices or any mechanical rotation of the printhead. Typically, rotation of the stage is used to compensate for rotational offsets during substrate placement for clamping. Using the method described here, even slight rotation of the substrate can be compensated for in the same way. Printhead rotation is generally not required to adapt the printhead's original resolution to the desired print resolution. The desired print resolution can be achieved using the method described here.

[0103] As mentioned earlier, this approach may have another problem, the solution of which is discussed below. Figure 17 As shown in the image.

[0104] A high-resolution printhead is used to correct pixel positions in the Y direction, employing lateral resolution. The lateral resolution is, for example, 1200 dpi, and when printing at 2400 dpi (two passes), the distance 'a' between dots is 10.58333333 μm. The display's TFT pixel design has a precise size of 170 μm (pixel-to-pixel). The effect is that the printhead's lateral resolution is not divisible by the pixel size resolution.

[0105] For example, 16 points in the Y direction result in 16 × 10.58333333 μm = 169.33333333, with the remainder being 0.6666666 μm. This is a very small offset, acceptable for a TFT pixel. However, all 15 TFT pixels add up to approximately 10 μm of margin. Therefore, the color subpixel must "jump" by a nozzle distance (10.5 μm) after the 15 TFT pixels to compensate.

[0106] Because the nozzle position is defined (given by the lateral resolution), this "jump" typically occurs along the Y-direction and is uniformly distributed across the display along the X-direction (printing direction). As a result, for all 15 TFT pixels in the Y-direction, the gap between two adjacent color sub-pixels is different compared to all other gaps (~10 μm). This larger gap is found throughout the entire Y-position along the printing direction and repeats every 15 TFT pixels. To the naked eye, this system shift is visible due to local contrast differences, and its intensity is sufficient to be perceived as brighter and darker lines along the printing direction. This optical impression (similar to the moiré effect) negatively impacts the optical uniformity of brightness on the display and is unacceptable.

[0107] Depending on the substrate placement (rotation) on the vacuum clamping device, these repeating lines may appear as straight lines in the angular direction on the display rather than along the printing direction. This is due to the rotation correction discussed earlier, which then overrides resolution compensation.

[0108] To reduce this effect, the printing resolution can be increased to 4800 dpi for 4 rows. Then, the resulting "jump" occurs every 8 TFT pixels, and this "jump" is only about 5 meters. This reduces the optical effect, but does not eliminate it. Furthermore, it doubles the processing time, which is undesirable in a large-scale production environment.

[0109] Better solutions are also available. Figure 18 As shown, this is a random variation in the "jump" position along the printing direction in the Y direction. The result is a break in the system line, and the resulting resolution-compensated offset is undetectable to the naked eye.

[0110] A method of printing varying bonding area patterns on a substrate using inkjet printing.

[0111] List of reference numerals

[0112] 1. Integration Zone

[0113] 2. Junction point

[0114] 3. Printhead

Claims

1. A method for printing a substrate by inkjet printing, wherein on the substrate, a bonding area matrix specifies bonding areas corresponding to a bonding area type, the bonding area matrix including bonding area lines and bonding area rows perpendicularly aligned thereto; the bonding area matrix is ​​aligned relative to a printhead such that the bonding area rows extend substantially parallel to the printing direction, and the printhead is actuated such that one or more droplets from one or more printhead nozzles create a pattern of bonding points within the bonding areas, wherein the printhead nozzles create imaginary nozzle lines on the substrate surface, and the lateral resolution represents the distance between the nozzle lines, characterized in that... The lateral resolution is selected to be large enough so that the minimum distance between nozzle lines is less than the minimum distance between bonding area rows, and the position of the bonding area of ​​the bonding area line is determined relative to the nozzle line by varying the distance between adjacent bonding area rows between various bonding area lines specified by the substrate, and thus the printhead nozzle with nozzle lines intersecting the bonding area is actuated only according to the nozzle actuation scheme and the corresponding bonding area type.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Lateral resolution is increased by selecting a printhead with multiple printheads in the printhead nozzle line, wherein the distance between the printhead nozzles is less than the minimum distance between the rows of the bonding area.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Lateral resolution is increased by selecting a printhead, wherein at least one second printhead nozzle line is arranged laterally offset from the first printhead nozzle line in the printing direction.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Lateral resolution is increased by rotating the printhead relative to the printing direction, so that the nozzle line of the printhead forms an angle between >0° and <90° relative to the printing direction.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Lateral resolution is increased by making n lateral movements of the printhead relative to the substrate, wherein the printhead is displaced laterally in the printing direction each time it passes.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The print head shifts with each pass. Where i = 0, 1, 2, 3...

7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The location of the junction is randomized within its junction region.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The pattern of the joint points in a single joint area is printed using one or more advantageous nozzles.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The pattern from the junction of the junction regions to the junction points is randomly shifted by one or more steps.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The actuation of the nozzle is performed randomly or pseudo-randomly on the corresponding mating area.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, By combining nozzles with different droplet volumes, the pattern of the bonding points is selected so that the deviation of the amount of ink deposited in similar bonding areas does not exceed 10%.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The droplets in the bonding zone are metered so that the nozzles that pass through the corresponding bonding zone due to relative motion deliver a predetermined number of droplets to one or more bonding points within the bonding zone.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, Specify the number of droplets in the nozzle actuation scheme or junction type.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1-13, characterized in that, The location of the bonding area is determined by scanning alignment marks on the substrate, comparing their actual locations with the target locations on the non-deformable substrate, thereby determining the deformation within the substrate that exceeds the linear positional deviation and the angular deviation of the substrate, and calculating the location of the bonding area based on the deformation of the substrate using a mathematical model.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The mating zone is used as an alignment mark.

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