Coal shearer anti-piling structure and coal shearer with anti-piling structure

Abstract

The present invention relates to a coal mining machine anti-piling structure and a coal mining machine with an anti-piling structure. The anti-piling structure includes a plurality of baffle groups, each baffle group includes a plurality of guard plate units, the guard plate units are hinged to each other, each guard plate unit is driven by a piston cylinder to swing around a fixed axis. When all the piston cylinders are in a fully extended state, the bottom plate of the corresponding guard plate unit is in a maximum inclination state with the front edge of the bottom side and the rear edge of the top side. The coal mining machine includes a fuselage, a boom and an anti-piling structure. One end of the boom is hinged to the fuselage, and the hinge axis extends forward and backward. The anti-piling structure is installed on the top surface of the fuselage and directly below the boom. The baffle groups are arranged adjacent to each other left and right. The lower the total height of the baffle group is, the closer it is to the connection end of the boom and the fuselage. The present invention can prevent coal from entering the space between the boom and the top surface of the fuselage, prevent coal from piling up above the fuselage, and ensure that the boom can swing down to the lowest position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a coal mining machine anti-piling structure and a coal mining machine adopting the anti-piling structure. The anti-piling structure is used on the top of the fuselage of the coal mining machine, and is mainly applicable to coal mining machines with a swing boom on the top, belonging to the technical field of underground coal mining machinery. Background Art

[0002] As the thickness of the coal seam that the newly developed coal mining machine needs to adapt to is getting thicker and thicker, the boom of the coal mining machine is usually arranged above, that is, the boom is arranged above the top surface of the fuselage of the coal mining machine. However, the problem is that the space between the boom and the top surface of the fuselage is easily filled with coal falling from the high part of the coal wall, resulting in difficulty for the boom to swing down to the lowest position and bringing difficulties to normal mining.

[0003] The industry has proposed to set a coal baffle on the coal wall side end face between the boom and the fuselage, attempting to reduce the coal from the coal wall from entering the space between the boom and the top surface of the fuselage. This method is effective for mining conditions with a relatively small coal seam thickness. However, when the coal seam thickness is very large, the coal on the coal wall directly tumbles from the top and enters the bottom of the boom from the non-swing connection end of the boom, and it is very difficult to solve the problem of coal piling under the boom on site. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a coal mining machine anti-piling structure and a coal mining machine with an anti-piling structure, which are applicable to coal mining machines with a boom arranged on the top of the fuselage of the coal mining machine, can prevent coal from entering the space between the boom and the top surface of the fuselage, and prevent coal piling above the fuselage.

[0005] The main technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0006] A coal mining machine anti-piling structure includes one or more baffle groups. The multiple baffle groups are arranged adjacent to each other left and right in sequence. Each baffle group has one or more guard plate units. In the baffle group, the multiple guard plate units are stacked one above the other in multiple layers. The guard plate unit has a box-shaped structure, and this box-shaped structure includes a box bottom plate, left and right side plates, and a cross beam. The left and right side plates and the cross beam respectively serve as the left, right, and upper three side walls surrounding the box bottom plate. The bottom edge of the box bottom plate of the upper guard plate unit in adjacent two layers of guard plate units is hinged to the top edge of the box bottom plate of the lower guard plate unit. The bottom edge of the box bottom plate of the bottom layer guard plate unit is hinged to a guard plate unit mounting seat on a base mounting surface. The lower ends of the left and right side plates are both retracted inside the side edges of the box bottom plate. The box bottom plate of the guard plate unit faces forward. A piston cylinder is installed in each guard plate unit. In adjacent two layers of guard plate units, one of the cylinder body and the piston of the piston cylinder in the upper guard plate unit is hinged to the cross beam of the lower guard plate unit, and the other is hinged to the cross beam of the upper guard plate unit. One of the cylinder body and the piston of the piston cylinder in the bottom layer guard plate unit is hinged to a piston cylinder mounting seat on the base mounting surface, and the other is hinged to the cross beam of this layer of guard plate unit. Each guard plate unit can swing slightly under the drive of the corresponding piston cylinder. The axes of all the hinge joints extend left and right. When the piston cylinder is in a fully extended state, the box bottom plate of the corresponding guard plate unit is in a state where the bottom edge is in front and the top edge is behind, and is in the maximum inclination state relative to the base mounting surface. When all the guard plate units are in the maximum inclination state, the box bottom plates of the guard plate units in the same group are flush, and the box bottom plates of the guard plate units in different groups are flush or parallel. When a baffle group has only one guard plate unit, this guard plate unit is both the top layer guard plate unit and the bottom layer guard plate unit.

[0007] Between the cylinder bottom of the cylinder body of the piston cylinder and the piston is a compression spring. On the cylinder wall of the cylinder body, there is a chute extending along the axial direction of the cylinder body and closed at both ends. A positioning pin is radially installed at the inner end of the piston. The end of the positioning pin protruding out of the piston is inserted into the chute and is in sliding fit with the chute. During the entire stroke of the positioning pin sliding along the chute, the compression spring always remains in a compressed state.

[0008] The lower edges of the left and right side plates of all the guard plate units are preferably set as concave circular arc edges centered on the axis of the hinge at the bottom edge of the corresponding box bottom plate. The upper ends of the left and right side plates of the non-top layer guard plate units both extend beyond the cross beam, and the corners of the extended part away from the box bottom plate are set as convex circular arc edges centered on the axis of the hinge at the bottom edge of the box bottom plate of the upper layer guard plate unit. The concave circular arc edge of the upper guard plate unit in adjacent two layers of guard plate units and the convex circular arc edge of the lower guard plate unit form a clearance fit relationship of fixed-axis relative swing.

[0009] On both the left and right sides of each of the guard plate unit mounts on the base mounting surface, a vertical plate can be provided respectively. The rear edge of the vertical plate is set as an outward convex circular arc edge centered on the hinge axis of the guard plate unit mount. The inner concave circular arc edge of the guard plate unit at the bottom forms a clearance fit relationship of fixed-axis relative swing with the outward convex circular arc edge of the vertical plate.

[0010] The guard plate unit at the top layer can have two structural forms. The first is that the upper ends of the left and right side plates are the same as those of the guard plate units that are not at the top layer. The second is that the left and right side plates and the corresponding cross beams are closed at the top, and the top of the guard plate unit is provided with a top bevel edge. When the guard plate unit at the top layer of the baffle group adopts the first structural form, a top cover is fixedly installed on the top of the guard plate unit. The front panel of the top cover is flush with the box bottom plate of the guard plate unit. The top edge of the top cover is a straight edge with one end higher and the other end lower on the front panel.

[0011] A shearer with an anti-piling structure includes a fuselage, a boom, and the anti-piling structure of the shearer. One end of the boom is hinged to the fuselage. The boom is located above the fuselage, and the hinge axis extends forward and backward. The anti-piling structure of the shearer is installed on the top surface of the fuselage, directly below the boom. Each baffle group is arranged adjacent to each other on the left and right. The closer to the connection end of the boom and the fuselage, the lower the total height of the baffle group. The baffle group at one end is adjacent to the corresponding large end face of the fuselage, and the baffle group at the other end is close to the connection end of the boom and the fuselage.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0013] The present invention arranges multiple baffle groups with different heights in an overlapping manner on the left and right sides and installs them below the boom and above the fuselage to form a smooth barrier with a certain height and a certain slope. And each layer of the guard plate units in each group is sequentially hinged to form a multi-stage flexible connection body. Then, the piston cylinder is used to drive the up and down swing of each stage of the guard plate unit, obtaining the effect of automatically unfolding and contracting following the swing of the boom. Therefore, it can not only block the materials in front but also guide the materials to slide down, thus effectively avoiding the accumulation of materials in the space between the boom and the fuselage.

[0014] Due to the differential structural design of the multi-layer guard plate units in terms of installation position and the supporting force of the piston cylinder, etc., when the baffle group is subjected to the pressure of the boom, it can swing downward layer by layer from top to bottom. Before each layer of the guard plate units in the baffle group reaches the fully contracted state, at each moment, the box bottom plates of a part of the guard plate units are still in a state of a relatively large inclination angle. Therefore, it can not only prevent the materials from entering the space between the boom and the fuselage from above the baffle group but also guide the materials to automatically slide down away from the fuselage at all times before the baffle group has not swung to the limit position, greatly reducing the possibility of material accumulation.

[0015] Since the inner guard plate units in the baffle group are flexibly connected, it can provide a good buffering effect for the materials falling from a high place, which is beneficial to reducing the deformation of the guard plate units and improving their service life.

[0016] The structure of the present invention is simple and has good adaptability. It can effectively prevent the materials on the coal wall side from entering below the boom, avoiding the mining problem that the boom cannot swing to the limit position caused by the accumulation of materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention in a fully deployed state;

[0018] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the top view of

[0019] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the left view of

[0020] Figure 4 is Figure 1 the schematic structural view of the shown embodiment in a fully contracted state;

[0021] Figure 5 is Figure 4 the left view of

[0022] Figure 6 is Figure 5 the top view of the baffle group A in

[0023] Figure 7a It is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the piston cylinder in an extended state;

[0024] Figure 7b is Figure 7a the top view of

[0025] Figure 7c is Figure 7a the schematic structural view of the shown piston cylinder in a retracted state;

[0026] Figure 7d is Figure 7c the top view of

[0027] Figure 8 It is the side view (fully deployed state) of the baffle group B;

[0028] Figure 9 It is the side view (the top guard plate unit is pressed and swings downward state) of the baffle group B;

[0029] Figure 10 It is the side view (the top and middle guard plate units are pressed and swing downward state) of the baffle group B;

[0030] Figure 11 It is a side view of the baffle group B (a state during the downward swing of all the guard plate units under pressure);

[0031] Figure 12 It is a side view of the baffle group B (the final state when all the guard plate units are swung downward to the limit position under pressure).

[0032] Reference numerals:

[0033] 1. Guard plate unit; 11. Box bottom plate; 12. Left and right side plates; 121. Concave circular arc edge; 122. Convex circular arc edge; 13. Cross beam; 14. Left and right limit plates; 141. Bottom end face; 15. Top bevel edge; 16. Pin shaft; 17. Pin;

[0034] 2. Guard plate unit mounting seat;

[0035] 3. Piston cylinder; 31. Cylinder block; 311. Slide groove; 312. Cylinder block opening groove; 32. Piston; 321. Piston opening groove; 33. Compression spring; 34. Positioning pin; 35. Spring washer;

[0036] 4. Piston cylinder mounting seat;

[0037] 5. Vertical plate; 51. Convex circular arc edge;

[0038] 6. Top cover;

[0039] 7. Bottom plate;

[0040] 8. Boom; 81. Boom bottom surface;

[0041] 9. Machine body; 91. Top surface; 92. Large end face. Detailed implementation manner

[0042] The present invention discloses a coal mining machine anti-piling structure (abbreviated as anti-piling structure), which includes one or more baffle groups. The multiple baffle groups are arranged adjacent to each other from left to right in sequence. Each baffle group has one or more guard plate units, and multiple guard plate units in the baffle group are stacked one above the other in multiple layers. Figures 1-12 It is an embodiment of the coal mining machine anti-piling structure, which includes baffle groups A, B, C, D, and E arranged adjacent to each other from left to right in sequence. There is only one guard plate unit in the baffle group E, and there are multiple guard plate units in other baffle groups.

[0043] The guard plate unit 1 has a box-shaped structure, which includes a box bottom plate 11, left and right side plates 12, and a cross beam 13. The left and right side plates 12 and the cross beam 13 serve as the left, right, and upper three-side side walls surrounding the box bottom plate respectively. The bottom edge of the box bottom plate of the upper guard plate unit in adjacent two layers is hinged to the top edge of the box bottom plate of the lower guard plate unit, so that the adjacent two guard plate units can swing relative to each other. The bottom edge of the box bottom plate of the bottom guard plate unit is hinged to the guard plate unit mounting seat 2 on a basic mounting surface, so the bottom guard plate unit can also swing relative to the basic mounting surface. The basic mounting surface is the mounting bottom surface of the anti-piling structure.

[0044] The lower ends of the left and right side plates are both retracted inside the side edges of the box bottom plate. In the case where the widths of adjacent two guard plate units are the same, interference near the hinge axis during their relative swing can be avoided. The arrangement direction of the box bottom plate of the guard plate unit generally faces forward, that is, the opening of the box-shaped structure faces backward. A piston cylinder 3 is installed in the "box body" of each guard plate unit. For the piston cylinder in the upper guard plate unit among adjacent two guard plate units, one of the cylinder block 31 and the piston 32 is hinged to the cross beam of the lower guard plate unit, and the other is hinged to the cross beam of the upper guard plate unit. For the piston cylinder in the bottom guard plate unit, one of the cylinder block and the piston is hinged to the piston cylinder mounting seat 4 on the basic mounting surface, and the other is hinged to the cross beam of this layer of guard plate unit. In the embodiment shown in the attached drawings, for adjacent two guard plate units, the cylinder block is hinged to the cross beam of the lower guard plate unit, and the piston is hinged to the cross beam of the upper guard plate unit. For the bottom guard plate unit, the cylinder block is hinged to the piston cylinder mounting seat, and the piston is hinged to the cross beam of this layer of guard plate unit. For the guard plate units on the same bottom layer, the guard plate unit mounting seat 2 and the piston cylinder mounting seat 4 are arranged separately. The swing power of each layer of guard plate unit comes from the piston cylinder installed in the corresponding guard plate unit. Each guard plate unit can swing slightly around the axis at the hinged position of the bottom edge of its own box bottom plate under the drive of the corresponding piston cylinder. When the piston cylinder is in the gradually extending state, the swing angle of the guard plate unit increases, that is, the included angle between the box bottom plate and the basic mounting surface becomes larger. When the piston cylinder is in the gradually retracting state, the swing angle of the guard plate unit decreases, that is, the included angle between the box bottom plate and the basic mounting surface becomes smaller.

[0045] The axes of all the above-mentioned hinge joints extend left and right. When the piston cylinder is in the fully extended state, the box bottom plate of the corresponding guard plate unit is in an inclined state with the bottom edge in front and the top edge behind, and at this time the box bottom plate is in the maximum inclination angle state relative to the basic mounting surface, and each baffle group is in the fully unfolded state. The outer side surface of the box bottom plate is used as the sliding surface for the material, and its surface is usually a smooth surface. When all the guard plate units are in the maximum inclination angle state, the box bottom plates of the guard plate units in the same baffle group are flush (such as Figure 3As shown, the bottom plates of the guard plate units of different baffle groups are flush or parallel. After the material falls onto the outer surface of the bottom plates of each guard plate unit from the front, due to the large inclination angle of the bottom plates, the material will automatically slide down, so it will not cause accumulation at the position of the guard plate unit and the area behind it.

[0046] When there is only one guard plate unit in a baffle group, this guard plate unit is both the top - layer guard plate unit and the bottom - layer guard plate unit.

[0047] During application, the anti - stacking structure is installed on the top surface in the middle of the fuselage of the shearer, directly below the boom. When the boom swings downward, the piston cylinder is compressed and retracts, and the corresponding guard plate unit also swings downward accordingly. When the boom swings upward, the pressure from the boom on the piston cylinder is released, and the piston cylinder rebounds and extends, and the corresponding guard plate unit automatically swings upward. It can be seen that the anti - stacking structure can automatically expand and contract following the swing of the boom, which can not only block the material in the front but also guide the material to slide down, so it can effectively avoid the accumulation of materials in the space between the boom and the fuselage.

[0048] For the above - mentioned two structures that are hinged to each other, each can be provided with a hinge ear seat. When connecting, the hinge ear seats on both sides pass through the same pin shaft 16, and a pin 17 is tangentially inserted at the junction of the pin shaft and the hinge ear seat on one side to prevent the pin shaft 16 from rotating and axially moving.

[0049] For example, top hinge ear seats and bottom hinge ear seats can be respectively provided on the top surface and the bottom surface of the cross - beam, which are respectively used for hinging with one end of the piston cylinders in the upper - layer guard plate unit and the guard plate unit of this layer. In the embodiment shown in the attached drawings, there are six top hinge ear seats and six bottom hinge ear seats on each cross - beam, and two adjacent ones are in a group.

[0050] The bottom plate, the left and right side plates, and the cross - beam are preferably perpendicular to each other in pairs, so that adjacent two guard plate units can fit well and avoid unnecessary gaps.

[0051] The distance from the hinge axis of the guard plate unit mounting seat 2 to the base mounting surface is equal to the distance to the front end faces of the left and right side plates of the corresponding bottom - layer guard plate unit. When the bottom - layer guard plate unit is in the limit position, the front end faces of its left and right side plates can support on the base mounting surface.

[0052] On the inner sides of the left and right side plates of the non-bottom guard plate unit, near the bottom edges of the box bottom plate, there are also left and right limit plates 14 respectively. The left and right limit plates are fixed relative to the box bottom plate, and the included angle between the bottom end face 141 and the plate surface of the box bottom plate is an acute angle. The left and right limit plates just fill the window formed by the lower ends of the left and right side plates retracting inside the side edges of the box bottom plate, so they can prevent materials from leaking downward from here. The left and right limit plates are also used to limit the maximum swing angle of the guard plate unit where they are located when swinging downward from the maximum inclination state. When the bottom end face 141 of the left and right limit plates of a guard plate unit touches or fully supports the top surface of the cross beam of the adjacent lower guard plate unit, the included angle between these two layers of guard plate units reaches the maximum. Before the piston cylinder is about to reach the end of the retraction stroke, the left and right limit plates start to play a limiting role, which can effectively protect the connection between the piston and the positioning pin. The included angle between the bottom end face of the left and right limit plates and the plate surface of the box bottom plate can be determined according to the maximum designed value of this included angle.

[0053] In each adjacent two layers of guard plate units, the number of the piston cylinders installed in the lower guard plate unit is not less than that in the upper guard plate unit. When there are multiple piston cylinders installed in a guard plate unit, the piston cylinders are arranged side by side left and right. The more piston cylinders there are in a single guard plate unit, the greater the supporting force that can be provided to the guard plate unit, and the less likely the corresponding guard plate unit is to swing downward. Making the number of piston cylinders in the guard plate units of different layers decrease from bottom to top can enable the lower swing of the guard plate units in the same baffle group to be carried out one by one in sequence from top to bottom. When the upper guard plate unit swings downward, the lower guard plate units can still continue to guide the downward sliding of the material, playing a role in preventing material accumulation. In the embodiments shown in the drawings, both baffle groups A and B adopt three layers of guard plate units, and three, two, and one piston cylinders are installed in the guard plate units of the bottom layer, middle layer, and top layer respectively.

[0054] Figures 8-12 Shows the change process of baffle group B during the downward swing of the boom. Refer to Figure 9 , in the initial stage of the boom's downward swing, the piston cylinder in the top layer's guard plate unit is first pressured by the boom and retracts, and the top layer's guard plate unit swings downward, forming an effect of "bending downward" relative to the entire baffle group B. At this time, the bottom layer and middle layer's guard plate units are still in the fully unfolded state because there are more piston cylinders to support them. Therefore, the material can still slide downward from the outer side of the box bottom plate of the guard plate unit at a relatively large angle and leave the fuselage, without forming material accumulation on the box bottom plate. As Figure 10 shown, when the boom continues to swing downward, the piston cylinders in the middle layer's guard plate unit and the top layer's guard plate unit are pressured and retracted, causing the middle layer and top layer's guard plate units to form "bending downward", while the bottom layer's guard plate unit does not bend because it has greater supporting force due to more piston cylinders, and the falling material can still slide downward from the outer side of the box bottom plate of the guard plate unit at a relatively large angle and leave the fuselage, without forming material accumulation on the box bottom plate. As Figure 11 ,12 As shown, when the boom continues to swing downward, the bottom guard plate unit swings downward under pressure together with all the upper guard plate units. When reaching a certain angle, materials start to accumulate on the outer side of the box bottom plate of the bottom guard plate unit. However, since there is a large space below the bottom guard plate unit, it can still swing downward until the boom swings to the limit position, and the baffle group B will not be crushed.

[0055] The piston is in sliding fit with the cylinder body in the cylinder. A compression spring 33 is provided between the bottom of the cylinder barrel of the cylinder body and the piston. A pair of chutes 311 extending along the axial direction of the cylinder body and closed at both ends are provided on the barrel wall of the cylinder body. A positioning pin 34 is radially installed at the inner end of the piston. The ends of the positioning pin protruding outside the piston are respectively inserted into the corresponding chutes and are in sliding fit with the chutes, which plays a role in guiding, anti-rotation and limiting the stroke of the piston relative to the cylinder body. During the entire stroke of the positioning pin sliding along the chute, the compression spring always remains in a compressed state. When the positioning pin slides to both ends of the chute, it can correspond to the two extreme positions of the piston cylinder in extension and retraction. The positions of both ends of the chute can determine the expansion and contraction limit positions and the expansion and contraction stroke of the piston cylinder.

[0056] In the embodiment shown in the attached drawings, the piston is of a cylindrical structure, and both the cylinder body and the piston adopt hollow barrel walls. Specifically, a number of cylinder body opening grooves 312 and piston opening grooves 321 are respectively provided on the corresponding barrel walls. These opening grooves are at least arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and are preferably arranged in pairs symmetrically in the circumferential direction, so that the materials entering the inner cavities of the corresponding cylinders can fall in time to avoid affecting the expansion and contraction of the compression spring.

[0057] A spring pad 35 can also be provided in the cylinder body of the piston cylinder installed in the non-bottom guard plate unit. The spring pad is located between the compression spring and the bottom of the cylinder barrel. By replacing spring pads of different thicknesses or increasing or decreasing the number of spring pads, the compression amount of the compression spring can be adjusted, so as to realize the adjustment of the supporting force.

[0058] The structural dimensions and other design parameters of different guard plate units and the piston cylinders installed therein can be different. For example, the height of the bottom guard plate unit and the length of the piston cylinder therein can be greater than those of other guard plate units. For different baffle groups, even the bottom guard plate units can have different heights and the lengths of the piston cylinders therein.

[0059] The lower edges of the left and right side plates of all the guard plate units are preferably set as concave circular arc edges 121 centered on the axis of the hinge at the bottom edge of the corresponding box bottom plate. The upper ends of the left and right side plates of the guard plate units of non-top layers preferably extend beyond the cross beam, and the corners of the extended part away from the box bottom plate are set as convex circular arc edges 122 centered on the axis of the hinge at the bottom edge of the box bottom plate of the upper guard plate unit, so that the concave circular arc edge 121 of the upper guard plate unit and the convex circular arc edge 122 of the lower guard plate unit in adjacent two layers of guard plate units form a clearance fit relationship with relative swinging around a fixed axis, which can avoid or reduce the leakage of materials from the connection between two layers of guard plate units.

[0060] On the left and right sides of each guard plate unit mounting seat 2 on the basic installation surface, there is a vertical plate 5 respectively. The rear edge of the vertical plate is preferably set as a convex circular arc edge 51 centered on the hinge axis of the guard plate unit mounting seat, so that the concave circular arc edge 121 of the bottom guard plate unit and the convex circular arc edge 51 of the vertical plate form a clearance fit relationship with relative swinging around a fixed axis, thereby avoiding or reducing the entry of materials from the connection between the bottom guard plate unit and the basic installation surface into the space between the boom and the fuselage. The top edge of the vertical plate can be parallel to the basic installation surface.

[0061] The top of the guard plate unit of the top layer can have two structural forms. The first is that the upper ends of the left and right side plates are the same as those of the guard plate units of non-top layers. The second is that the left and right side plates and the corresponding cross beam are closed at the top, and the top of the guard plate unit is provided with a top bevel edge 15. The projection of the top bevel edge in the vertical plane extending left and right is inclined up and down, and the projection in the horizontal plane is inclined front and back. The top bevel edge 15 can be in contact with the bottom surface of the boom to prevent the leakage of materials from the top of the guard plate unit of the top layer to the boom. The structural forms of the top guard plate units of different baffle groups can be the same or different.

[0062] When the top guard plate unit of a certain baffle group adopts the first structural form, it is best to fixedly install a top cover 6 on the top of the guard plate unit. The front panel of the top cover is flush with the box bottom plate of the guard plate unit. The top edge of the top cover is a straight edge with one end high and one end low on the front panel. The top cover is equivalent to the extension of the corresponding guard plate unit, and its top edge can replace the contact between the guard plate unit and the bottom surface of the boom, which can prevent materials from entering the space between the boom and the fuselage from above the guard plate unit in the front, and is convenient to replace when worn. For the case where there is a hinge ear seat on the cross beam of the corresponding guard plate unit, the top cover can also play a certain protective role for the pin shaft hole on the hinge ear seat. Since there is no need to set a piston cylinder in the top cover, the design freedom of the height of the front panel and the inclination degree of the top edge is relatively large, and it can better realize the adjacent or even contact with the bottom surface of the boom.

[0063] Regardless of which of the aforementioned anti-piling structures, as a preferred solution, in each adjacent pair of the baffle groups, the number of layers of the guard plate units in the left baffle group is not less than that in the right baffle group, or the number of layers of the guard plate units in the left baffle group is not greater than that in the right baffle group. More precisely, for each adjacent pair of the baffle groups (including the top cover), the total height of the left baffle group is not less than that of the right baffle group, or the total height of the left baffle group is not greater than that of the right baffle group, that is, the number of layers or the height of the baffle groups changes monotonically according to their left-right arrangement order to adapt to the wedge-shaped space with one end high and one end low between the boom and the fuselage.

[0064] Further, when all the guard plate units are in the maximum inclination state, the highest edges of each baffle group (including the top edge of the top cover and the top bevel edge of the guard plate unit on the top layer of the second structure type) are preferably located on the same straight line, and the projection of this straight line in the vertical plane extending left and right maintains the same inclination direction and inclination angle as the bottom surface of the boom at the maximum swing angle of the boom, and even coincides with the projection line of the bottom surface of the boom, so as to be able to be adjacent to or even in contact with the bottom surface of the boom to prevent materials from entering the space between the lower part of the boom and the top surface of the fuselage from above the anti-piling structure.

[0065] The anti-piling structure of the shearer may further include a bottom plate 7, and the guard plate unit mounting seat 2 and the piston cylinder mounting seat 4 are fixed on the bottom plate. The bottom plate, the guard plate unit mounting seat and the piston cylinder mounting seat constitute the main part of the base, and the top surface of the bottom plate serves as the basic mounting surface. For the case where a vertical plate is provided, the vertical plate is also fixed on the bottom plate.

[0066] The present invention also discloses a shearer with an anti-piling structure, as Figures 1-5 shown, including a fuselage 9, a boom 8 and the anti-piling structure of the shearer. One end of the boom 8 is hinged to the fuselage. The boom is located above the fuselage, and the hinge axis extends back and forth. The boom can swing relative to the fuselage in the vertical plane extending left and right. The anti-piling structure of the shearer is fixedly installed on the top surface 91 of the fuselage, directly below the boom. Each baffle group is arranged adjacent to each other left and right. The closer to the connection end of the boom and the fuselage, the lower the total height of the baffle group. The baffle group at one end (the baffle group A in this embodiment) is adjacent to the corresponding large end face 92 of the fuselage to prevent materials from entering the space between the boom and the fuselage from between the baffle group and the large end face of the fuselage; the baffle group at the other end (the baffle group E in this embodiment) is close to the connection end of the boom and the fuselage (i.e., the boom mounting seat) to reduce the entry of materials into the space between the boom and the fuselage from between the baffle group and the boom mounting seat. The left and right side plates of the guard plate units between each pair of baffle groups partially or completely overlap, so that even if each baffle group is arranged in a front-back stepped shape, it can well play the role of preventing materials from leaking downward and preventing materials from entering the space between the boom and the fuselage.

[0067] When all the guard plate units are in the maximum inclination state, the projections of the highest edges of the baffle groups of the coal shearer anti-piling structure in the vertical plane extending left and right preferably maintain the same inclination direction and inclination angle as the bottom surface 81 of the boom at the maximum swing angle of the boom, and are adjacent to or in contact with the bottom surface 81 of the boom, so as to prevent materials from entering the space between the boom and the fuselage from above the anti-piling structure on the coal wall side.

[0068] As used herein, "front" and "rear" respectively refer to the directions close to the coal wall and away from the coal wall when the anti-piling structure and the coal shearer with the anti-piling structure are in the normal working state, and also correspond to Figure 2 "up" and "down" from a perspective.

Claims

1. A coal mining machine anti-piling structure, Features: The box body is a plurality of protective plate units, each of which is provided with one or more protective plate units, and the plurality of protective plate units in the baffle plate group are stacked up and down in order to form multiple layers, and the protective plate unit is a box-shaped structure, which includes a box bottom plate, left and right side plates and a crossbeam, and the left and right side plates and the crossbeam serve as the left, right and upper side walls around the box bottom plate respectively, and the bottom edge of the box bottom plate of the upper protective plate unit of two adjacent layers of protective plate units is hinged to the top edge of the box bottom plate of the lower protective plate unit, and the bottom edge of the box bottom plate of the bottom protective plate unit is hinged to a protective plate unit mounting seat on a basic mounting surface, and the lower ends of the left and right side plates are both retracted to the side edges of the box bottom plate, and the box bottom plate of the protective plate unit faces forward, and a piston cylinder is installed in each protective plate unit, and the cylinder body of the piston cylinder in the upper protective plate unit of two adjacent layers of protective plate units One of the pistons is hinged to the crossbeam of the lower layer of guard plate unit, and the other is hinged to the crossbeam of the upper layer of guard plate unit. The cylinder body and piston of the piston cylinder in the bottom layer of guard plate unit are hinged to the piston cylinder mounting seat on the base mounting surface, and the other is hinged to the crossbeam of the guard plate unit of this layer. Each guard plate unit can swing slightly driven by the corresponding piston cylinder, and the axes of all the above-mentioned hinges extend left and right. When the piston cylinder is in a fully extended state, the box bottom plate of the corresponding guard plate unit is in a state where the bottom edge is forward and the top edge is backward and it is in a state of maximum inclination relative to the base mounting surface. When all guard plate units are in a state of maximum inclination, the box bottom plates of the guard plate units in the same group are flush, and the box bottom plates of the guard plate units in different groups are flush or parallel. When a baffle group has only one guard plate unit, the guard plate unit is both a top guard plate unit and a bottom guard plate unit.

2. The anti-piling structure for a coal mining machine according to claim 1, Features: The distance from the hinge axis of the guard plate unit mounting seat to the base mounting surface is equal to the distance to the front end surfaces of the left and right side panels of the corresponding bottom guard plate unit.

3. The anti-piling structure for a coal mining machine according to claim 2, Features: Left and right limit plates are respectively provided on the inner sides of the left and right side plates of the non-bottom layer guard plate unit and near the bottom edge of the box bottom plate. The left and right limit plates are fixed relative to the box bottom plate, and the angle between their bottom end faces and the plate surface of the box bottom plate is an acute angle.

4. The anti-piling structure for a coal mining machine according to claim 3, Features: In every two adjacent layers of guard plate units, the number of piston cylinders installed in the lower layer of guard plate units is not less than that of the upper layer of guard plate units. When a plurality of piston cylinders are installed in the guard plate units, the piston cylinders are arranged side by side on the left and right.

5. The anti-piling structure for a coal mining machine according to claim 4, Features: A compression spring is arranged between the bottom of the cylinder body of the piston cylinder and the piston. A slide groove extending along the axial direction of the cylinder body and closed at both ends is arranged on the cylinder wall of the cylinder body. A positioning pin is radially installed at the inner end of the piston. The end of the positioning pin protruding from the piston is inserted into the slide groove and slides in cooperation with the slide groove. During the entire sliding stroke of the positioning pin along the slide groove, the compression spring remains in a compressed state.

6. The coal shearer anti-piling structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: the piston is of a cylindrical structure, and both the cylinder block and the piston adopt a hollow cylindrical wall.

7. The coal shearer anti-piling structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: a spring pad is further arranged in the cylinder block of the piston cylinder installed in the non-bottom layer of the guard plate unit, and the spring pad is located between the compression spring and the bottom of the cylinder block.

8. The coal shearer anti-piling structure according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that: the lower edges of the left and right side plates of all the guard plate units are set as concave circular arc edges centered on the axis of the hinge joint at the bottom edge of the corresponding box bottom plate; the upper ends of the left and right side plates of the non-top layer of the guard plate units all extend beyond the cross beam, and the corners of the extended part far from the box bottom plate are set as convex circular arc edges centered on the axis of the hinge joint at the bottom edge of the box bottom plate of the upper layer of the guard plate unit, and a clearance fit relationship of fixed-axis relative swing is formed between the concave circular arc edge of the upper layer of the adjacent two-layer guard plate unit and the convex circular arc edge of the lower layer of the guard plate unit.

9. The coal shearer anti-piling structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: a vertical plate is provided on each of the left and right sides of each guard plate unit mounting seat on the foundation installation surface, and the rear edge of the vertical plate is set as a convex circular arc edge centered on the hinge axis of the guard plate unit mounting seat, and a clearance fit relationship of fixed-axis relative swing is formed between the concave circular arc edge of the bottom layer of the guard plate unit and the convex circular arc edge of the vertical plate.

10. The coal shearer anti-piling structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: the top layer of the guard plate unit has two structural forms. The first is that the upper ends of the left and right side plates are the same as those of the non-top layer of the guard plate unit. The second is that the left and right side plates and the corresponding cross beam are closed at the top, and a top bevel edge is provided at the top of the guard plate unit; when the top layer of the guard plate unit of the baffle group adopts the first structural form, a top cover is fixedly installed on the top of the guard plate unit, the front panel of the top cover is flush with the box bottom plate of the guard plate unit, and the top edge of the top cover is a straight edge with one end high and one end low on the front panel.

11. The coal shearer anti-piling structure according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that: in each adjacent two baffle groups, the total height of the left baffle group is not less than that of the right baffle group, or the total height of the left baffle group is not greater than that of the right baffle group.

12. The coal shearer anti-piling structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: in each adjacent two baffle groups, the total height of the left baffle group is not less than that of the right baffle group, or the total height of the left baffle group is not greater than that of the right baffle group.

13. The coal shearer anti-piling structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: in each adjacent two baffle groups, the total height of the left baffle group is not less than that of the right baffle group, or the total height of the left baffle group is not greater than that of the right baffle group.

14. The coal shearer anti-piling structure according to claim 10, characterized in that: In each pair of adjacent baffle groups, the total height of the left baffle group is not less than that of the right baffle group, or the total height of the left baffle group is not greater than that of the right baffle group.

15. The coal shearer anti-piling structure according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that: It further includes a bottom plate, the guard plate unit mounting seat and the piston cylinder mounting seat are fixed on the bottom plate, and the top surface of the bottom plate serves as the basic mounting surface.

16. A coal shearer with an anti-piling structure, characterized in that: It includes a fuselage, a boom and the coal shearer anti-piling structure according to any one of claims 1-15. One end of the boom is hinged to the fuselage. The boom is located above the fuselage, and the hinge axis extends back and forth. The coal shearer anti-piling structure is installed on the top surface of the fuselage, directly below the boom. Each baffle group is arranged adjacent to each other left and right. The closer to the connection end of the boom and the fuselage, the lower the total height of the baffle group. The baffle group at one end is adjacent to the corresponding large end face of the fuselage, and the baffle group at the other end is close to the connection end of the boom and the fuselage.

17. The coal shearer with an anti-piling structure according to claim 16, characterized in that: When all the guard plate units are in the maximum inclination state, the projections of the highest edges of the baffle groups of the coal shearer anti-piling structure in the vertical plane extending left and right maintain the same inclination direction and inclination angle as the bottom surface of the boom at the highest swing angle of the boom, and are adjacent to or in contact with the bottom surface of the boom.

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