A bio-reinforced beach protection structure and its protection method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a bio-reinforced beach protection structure and its protection method, including: an inner matrix layer, a middle strong protection layer, an outer weak protection layer, and flexible plants. The middle strong protection layer is connected to the outer side of the inner matrix layer, the outer weak protection layer is connected to the outer side of the middle strong protection layer, and the flexible plants pass through the middle strong protection layer and the outer weak protection layer and are connected to the inner matrix layer. Among them, the first side plate, the top plate, the vegetation growth hole grooves, the second side plate, and the wave-dissipating protection structure form the middle strong protection layer. Compared with the traditional technology, the present invention realizes the bio-vegetation protection function by adding flexible vegetation and utilizing the time effect, improves the disaster prevention ability and ecological conservation function of the dam, solves the problems that the unprotected vegetation and loose sandy soil materials are difficult to resist the wave and current action in the early stage, improves the environmental friendliness of the traditional dam, and has reasonable component engineering cost, simple construction technology, and convenient later maintenance, with good ecological and economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the fields of water conservancy projects and water transportation projects, and particularly relates to a bio-reinforced shore protection structure and a protection method therefor. Background Art

[0002] In coastal and riverine areas, dams are built to defend against floods, withstand wind waves and resist tidal currents, etc. To ensure the structural stability and durability, traditional dams mostly use large-diameter stones or large-sized precast concrete components. Such structures have the characteristics of high stability and good wave dissipation effect, but they have a single function and poor environmental friendliness, and even have an adverse impact on the ecological environment. With the country's increasing emphasis on the intensive use of natural resources and the protection of estuaries and coastal wetlands, traditional shore protection structures are difficult to meet the requirements of the new era.

[0003] To solve the above problems, a series of improvements have been made. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a bio-reinforced shore protection structure and a protection method therefor, so as to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks and deficiencies of the prior art.

[0005] A bio-reinforced shore protection structure includes: an inner matrix layer, a middle strong protection layer, an outer weak protection layer, and flexible plants. The middle strong protection layer is connected to the outside of the inner matrix layer, the outer weak protection layer is connected to the outside of the middle strong protection layer, and the flexible plants pass through the middle strong protection layer and the outer weak protection layer and are connected to the inner matrix layer;

[0006] Wherein, the first side plate, the top plate, the vegetation growth hole grooves, the second side plate, and the wave dissipation protection structure form the middle strong protection layer.

[0007] Furthermore, the first side plate and the top plate form a first side top plate, the first side top plate is an integral structure, the top plate and the second side plate form a second side top plate, the second side top plate is an integral structure, and the first side top plate and the second side top plate are connected through the top plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the first side plate is connected to the second side plate through the top plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the middle strong protection layer is longitudinally divided into three equal parts, namely a first middle strong protection layer, a second middle strong protection layer, and a third middle strong protection layer, and the first middle strong protection layer, the second middle strong protection layer, and the third middle strong protection layer are longitudinally connected from left to right.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner matrix layer includes: a sandy soil embankment body and vegetation bags, and the vegetation bags are connected to the surface of the sandy soil embankment body.

[0011] Further, the outer weak protection layer includes: a fill embankment body and a natural slope. The fill embankment body is connected to the surface layer of the middle strong protection layer, and the natural slope is connected to the surface of the fill embankment body.

[0012] A protection method for a bio-reinforced beach protection structure includes:

[0013] Step 1: Calculate the design parameters. According to the engineering construction conditions and ecosystem characteristics, reasonably determine the main design parameters of the dam.

[0014] Step 2: Lay the inner matrix layer. Cover the surface layer of the sandy soil embankment body with vegetation bags, and reserve the thickness of the middle strong protection layer and the outer weak protection layer.

[0015] Step 3: Lay the middle strong protection layer. Adopt a precast concrete middle strong protection layer. The number of vegetation growth holes in the middle strong protection layer is controlled by the porosity. The porosity is 30 - 60%.

[0016] Step 4: Lay the outer weak protection layer. Fill and cover it with environmentally friendly sandy soil materials obtained locally. Through the action of general waves and water flows, form a natural slope with a gentle slope. According to the local hydrological and topographical conditions, determine the filling thickness of the sandy soil materials with the goal that the middle strong protection layer is not exposed after the outer weak protection layer forms a natural slope under the action of general waves and water flows.

[0017] Further, the vegetation bags should be flexible plants suitable for the local environment and having developed root systems. Emergent plants are preferably used in the intertidal zone, and submerged plants are used in the subtidal zone.

[0018] Advantages of the present invention:

[0019] Compared with the traditional technology, the present invention realizes the biological vegetation protection function through the addition of flexible vegetation and the use of time effects, improves the disaster prevention ability and ecological conservation function of the dam, solves the problems that the early stage without protective vegetation and the loose granular sandy soil materials are difficult to resist the action of waves and currents, improves the environmental friendliness of the traditional dam, and has reasonable component project costs, simple construction processes, and convenient later maintenance, and has good ecological, economic benefits and promotion value. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the middle strong protection layer of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a combined state diagram of the middle strong protection layer of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a combined state diagram of the middle strong protection layer of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a combined state diagram of the middle - layer strong protection layer of the present invention.

[0025] Reference numerals:

[0026] Inner - layer matrix layer 100, sandy soil embankment body 110, and vegetation bags 120.

[0027] Middle - layer strong protection layer 200, first middle - layer strong protection layer 201, second middle - layer strong protection layer 202, and third middle - layer strong protection layer 203.

[0028] First side plate 210, top plate 220, vegetation growth hole groove 230, second side plate 240, and wave - dissipating protection structure 250.

[0029] Outer - layer weak protection layer 300, filled - soil embankment body 310, natural slope 320, and flexible plants 400.

[0030] First side top plate 510 and second side top plate 520. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] The following further describes the present invention in combination with specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the middle - layer strong protection layer of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a combined state diagram of the middle - layer strong protection layer of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a combined state diagram of the middle - layer strong protection layer of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a combined state diagram of the middle - layer strong protection layer of the present invention.

[0034] As Figure 1 shown, a biological reinforcement shore protection structure includes: an inner - layer matrix layer 100, a middle - layer strong protection layer 200, an outer - layer weak protection layer 300, and flexible plants 400. The middle - layer strong protection layer 200 is connected to the outer side of the inner - layer matrix layer 100, the outer - layer weak protection layer 300 is connected to the outer side of the middle - layer strong protection layer 200, and the flexible plants 400 pass through the middle - layer strong protection layer 200 and the outer - layer weak protection layer 300 and are connected to the inner - layer matrix layer 100;

[0035] As Figure 2 shown, among them, the first side plate 210, the top plate 220, the vegetation growth hole groove 230, the second side plate 240, and the wave - dissipating protection structure 250 form the middle - layer strong protection layer 200.

[0036] AsFigure 3 As shown, the first side plate 210 and the top plate 220 form the first side-top plate 510, and the first side-top plate 510 is an integral structure. The top plate 220 and the second side plate 240 form the second side-top plate 520, and the second side-top plate 520 is an integral structure. The first side-top plate 510 and the second side-top plate 520 are connected through the top plate 220.

[0037] As Figure 4 shown, the first side plate 210 is connected to the second side plate 240 through the top plate 220.

[0038] As Figure 5 shown, the middle strong protection layer 200 is longitudinally divided into three equal parts as the first middle strong protection layer 201, the second middle strong protection layer 202 and the third middle strong protection layer 203, and the first middle strong protection layer 201, the second middle strong protection layer 202 and the third middle strong protection layer 203 are longitudinally connected from left to right.

[0039] The inner matrix layer 100 includes: a sandy soil embankment body 110 and vegetation bags 120, and the vegetation bags 120 are connected to the surface of the sandy soil embankment body 110.

[0040] The outer weak protection layer 300 includes: a filled embankment body 310 and a natural slope 320. The filled embankment body 310 is connected to the surface layer of the middle strong protection layer 200, and the natural slope 320 is connected to the surface of the filled embankment body 310.

[0041] A protection method for a bio-reinforced beach protection structure includes:

[0042] Step 1: Calculate the design parameters, and reasonably determine the main design parameters of the dam according to the engineering construction conditions and the characteristics of the ecosystem;

[0043] Step 2: Lay the inner matrix layer 100, cover the surface layer of the sandy soil embankment body 110 with vegetation bags 120, and reserve the thickness of the middle strong protection layer and the outer weak protection layer;

[0044] Step 3: Lay the middle strong protection layer 200, adopt a precast concrete middle strong protection layer 200, and control the number of vegetation growth holes 230 of the middle strong protection layer 200 by the porosity, and the porosity is 30-60%;

[0045] Step 4: Lay the outer weak protection layer 300, fill and cover it with environmentally friendly sandy soil materials locally sourced, and form a gently sloping natural slope through the action of general waves and water flows. According to the local hydrological and topographical conditions, the filling thickness of the sandy soil materials is determined with the goal that the outer weak protection layer does not expose the middle strong protection layer after forming a natural slope under the action of general waves and water flows.

[0046] The vegetation bag 120 should be a flexible plant suitable for the local environment and with well-developed roots. Emergent plants are preferably used in the intertidal zone, and submerged plants are used in the subtidal zone.

[0047] The working principle of the present invention is as follows. First, the inner matrix layer 100 needs to be densely filled, and foundation treatment is carried out as required to ensure that the middle strong protection layer 200 will not undergo excessive settlement, deviation, deformation, etc. due to foundation deformation. The installation process of the precast components of the middle strong protection layer 200 is generally closely connected to the surface of the inner matrix layer 100. Single blocks should be arranged in sequence along the dam axis according to the design requirements and placed continuously. Before the vegetation grows into adult plants, according to the damage situation of the outer weak protection layer 300 caused by strong waves and water flow, staged sand filling and maintenance are carried out to enhance the protection effect of the structure.

[0048] The principle of the protection method of the present invention: In the initial stage of dike formation, the sand and soil materials of the outer weak protection layer 300 are used to resist general wind waves, and the concrete structure of the middle strong protection layer 200 is used to resist the possible larger wave and current actions. With the growth of the flexible plant 400, the roots anchor the granular sand and soil materials of the inner and outer weak protection layers 300, reinforce the dike structure, form a stable natural bank slope, and finally achieve the protection function.

[0049] After the dike is formed until the vegetation grows into adult plants and forms permanent protection: Under the action of general waves and water flow, the outer weak protection layer 300 is in a dynamic equilibrium state, and after a certain period of time, a natural beach with a gentle slope is formed to further achieve the effect of reducing wave and water flow forces in front of the dike. Under the action of strong waves and water flow, local scouring may occur on the sea-facing side of the outer weak protection layer 300, causing the middle strong protection layer 200 to be exposed. At this time, the middle strong protection layer 200 can be used to resist the strong waves and water flow. After each damage to the outer weak protection layer 300, artificial sand filling and maintenance of the outer weak protection layer 300 should be carried out in a timely manner to enhance the protection effect of the structure after the vegetation grows into adult plants.

[0050] The specific implementation manners of the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. As long as it does not depart from the purpose of the present invention, the present invention can have various changes.

Claims

1. A bio-reinforced beach protection structure, characterized in that, Including: An inner matrix layer (100), a middle strong protection layer (200), an outer weak protection layer (300) and a flexible plant (400). The middle strong protection layer (200) is connected to the outside of the inner matrix layer (100), the outer weak protection layer (300) is connected to the outside of the middle strong protection layer (200), and the flexible plant (400) passes through the middle strong protection layer (200) and the outer weak protection layer (300) and is connected to the inner matrix layer (100); Among them, a first side plate (210), a top plate (220), a vegetation growth hole groove (230), a second side plate (240) and a wave-dissipating protection structure (250) form the middle strong protection layer (200); the first side plate (210) and the top plate (220) form a first side top plate (510), the first side top plate (510) is an integral structure, the top plate (220) and the second side plate (240) form a second side top plate (520), the second side top plate (520) is an integral structure, and the first side top plate (510) and the second side top plate (520) are connected through the top plate (220); The outer weak protection layer (300) includes: a fill embankment body (310) and a natural slope (320). The fill embankment body (310) is connected to the surface layer of the middle strong protection layer (200), and the natural slope (320) is connected to the surface of the fill embankment body (310).

2. The bio-reinforced beach protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first side plate (210) is connected to the second side plate (240) through the top plate (220).

3. The bio-reinforced beach protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The middle strong protection layer (200) is longitudinally divided into three equal parts as a first middle strong protection layer (201), a second middle strong protection layer (202) and a third middle strong protection layer (203). The first middle strong protection layer (201), the second middle strong protection layer (202) and the third middle strong protection layer (203) are longitudinally connected from left to right.

4. The bio-reinforced beach protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner matrix layer (100) includes: a sandy soil embankment body (110) and a vegetation bag (120). The vegetation bag (120) is connected to the surface of the sandy soil embankment body (110).

5. A protection method for a bio-reinforced beach protection structure, characterized in that, The method is based on the biological reinforcement shore protection structure described in claim 1, including: Step 1: Calculate the design parameters. According to the engineering construction conditions and the characteristics of the ecosystem, reasonably determine the main design parameters of the dam; Step 2: Lay the inner matrix layer (100). Cover the surface layer of the sandy soil embankment body (110) with the vegetation bag (120), and reserve the thickness of the middle strong protection layer and the outer weak protection layer; Step 3: Lay the middle strong protection layer (200). Adopt a precast concrete middle strong protection layer (200). The number of vegetation growth hole grooves (230) of the middle strong protection layer (200) is controlled by the porosity, and the porosity is 30-60%; Step 4: Lay the outer weak protection layer (300), cover it with locally sourced environmentally friendly sandy soil, and form a natural slope with a gentle gradient through the action of general waves and water currents. According to the local hydrological and topographical conditions, the filling thickness of the sandy soil is determined with the goal that the middle strong protection layer is not exposed after the outer weak protection layer forms a natural slope under the action of general waves and water currents.

6. The protection method of a bio-reinforced beach protection structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The vegetation bag (120) should preferably be a flexible plant adapted to the local environment and having developed roots. Emergent plants are preferably used in the intertidal zone, and submerged plants are used in the subtidal zone.

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