Battery chargers for electric vehicles

Abstract

The present application relates to a battery charger for an electric vehicle. A battery charger for a vehicle having a simple structure and a small size is provided, more specifically, a battery charger for an electric vehicle that charges a battery using power supplied by various power sources. The battery charger for an electric vehicle includes a switch network and a controller, the switch network including: a first switch configured to connect any one of an AC power input line and a neutral line forming an AC power input terminal to a power factor corrector; one or more second switches configured to selectively connect the AC power input terminal to a power factor corrector, a link capacitor, or an inverter; and a third switch configured to electrically connect an electric motor to a high-voltage battery, the controller being configured to control the power factor corrector and the switch network according to the state of the input AC power input through the AC power input terminal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Some forms of the present disclosure relate to a vehicle, and more particularly, to a battery charger for an electric vehicle that travels using only the power of an electric motor. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.

[0003] Unlike internal combustion vehicles that use fossil fuels as their main energy source, electric vehicles use electrical energy as their main energy source. Therefore, electric vehicles must include a high-voltage battery capable of storing electrical energy, an electric motor as a power source, and an inverter for driving the electric motor.

[0004] Battery chargers used to charge the batteries of electric vehicles can be classified into slow chargers and fast chargers. Slow chargers transmit commercial alternating current (AC) power to the vehicle as AC power. On the other hand, fast chargers convert commercial AC power into direct current (DC) and transmit DC to the vehicle. Slow chargers are conducive to increasing penetration due to their simple structure and low cost. However, in order to use a slow charger, an on-board charger (OBC) needs to be installed in the electric vehicle.

[0005] The AC power provided by the slow charger has various types depending on the country in which the slow charger is installed. In order to charge the battery of the electric vehicle using the above various types of AC power, the OBC must correspond to various types of commercial AC power.

[0006] In order to increase the driving distance of electric vehicles, larger capacity batteries are better. Therefore, manufacturers strive to increase the battery capacity of electric vehicles. Using large capacity batteries will increase the charging time. In order to reduce the charging time of large capacity batteries, the capacity (capacity) of OBC needs to be increased. The increase in OBC capacity leads to an increase in component size and an increase in manufacturing cost. Summary of the invention

[0007] Therefore, one aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a battery charger for a vehicle, which has a simple structure and a small size and is capable of charging a battery using power supplied from various power sources.

[0008] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a battery charger for an electric vehicle includes: an electric motor configured to generate a driving force for driving the electric vehicle; an inverter configured to provide power to the electric motor; an alternating current (AC) power input terminal, to which at least one of a single-phase input AC power and a multi-phase input AC power is input; a power factor corrector including a single 3-lead half-bridge circuit, to which the input AC power is input through the AC power input terminal; and a link capacitor (link capacitor, link capacitor, support capacitor), charged by at least one of the power factor corrector, the motor and the inverter combination; a switch network, including: a first switch (S1), configured to connect any one of an AC power input line and a neutral line forming an AC power input terminal to the power factor corrector; one or more second switches (S2, S3, S4, S5), configured to selectively connect the AC power input terminal to the power factor corrector, the link capacitor or the inverter; and a third switch (S6), configured to electrically connect the motor to a high-voltage battery; and a controller, configured to control the power factor corrector and the switch network according to the state of the input AC power input through the AC power input terminal.

[0009] The first switch (S1) may be provided at the AC power input terminal and turned on or off corresponding to a single-phase state and a multi-phase state of the input AC power.

[0010] The second switch of the switch network may include a fourth switch (S2) controlled to connect at least one lead of the power factor corrector to any one of the AC power input and the input of the inverter.

[0011] The second switch of the switch network may include a fifth switch (S3) disposed between the power factor corrector and the link capacitor.

[0012] The second switch of the switch network may include a sixth switch (S5) and a seventh switch (S4), which are respectively arranged between one end of the link capacitor and one end of the inverter and between the other end of the link capacitor and the other end of the inverter.

[0013] A first lead of the power factor corrector may be connected to a first AC power input line of the AC power input terminal. A second lead of the power factor corrector may be connected to any one of a second AC power input line of the AC power input terminal and the neutral line through the first switch (S1). A third lead of the power factor corrector may be connected to any one of a third AC power input line of the AC power input terminal and the third switch through the fourth switch (S2).

[0014] The state of the input AC power may include a single-phase state and a multi-phase state of the input AC power.

[0015] The state of the input AC power may include a symmetrical power state and an asymmetrical power state of the input AC power.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a battery charger for an electric vehicle includes: an electric motor configured to generate a driving force for driving the electric vehicle; an inverter configured to provide power to the electric motor; an alternating current (AC) power input terminal, to which at least one of a single-phase input AC power and a multi-phase input AC power is input; a power factor corrector including a single 3-lead half-bridge circuit, to which input AC power is input through the AC power input terminal; a link capacitor charged by at least one of the power factor corrector, the electric motor, and the inverter combination; a switch A network, comprising: a first switch (S1) configured to connect any one of an AC power input line and a neutral line forming an AC power input terminal to the power factor corrector; one or more second switches (S2, S3, S4, S5) configured to selectively connect the AC power input terminal to the power factor corrector, the link capacitor or the inverter; and a third switch (S6) configured to electrically connect the motor to a high-voltage battery; and a controller configured to control the power factor corrector and the switch network according to the state of the input AC power input through the AC power input terminal. Here, the third switch (S6) is configured to electrically connect the neutral point of the motor and the two electrodes of the battery. Moreover, the second switch includes a fourth switch (S2), and the fourth switch (S2) is controlled to connect at least one lead of the power factor corrector to any one of the AC power input terminal and the input terminal of the inverter.

[0017] A first switch (S1) may be provided at the AC power input terminal and controlled to be turned on or off corresponding to a single-phase state and a multi-phase state of the input AC power.

[0018] The second switch of the switch network may further include a fifth switch (S3) disposed between the power factor corrector and the link capacitor.

[0019] The second switch of the switch network may further include a sixth switch (S5) and a seventh switch (S4), which are respectively arranged between both ends of the link capacitor and both ends of the inverter.

[0020] The first lead of the power factor corrector may be connected to a first AC power input line of the AC power input terminal. The second lead of the power factor corrector may be connected to any one of a second AC power input line of the AC power input terminal and the neutral line through the first switch (S1). The third lead of the power factor corrector may be connected to any one of a third AC power input line of the AC power input terminal and the third switch through the fourth switch (S2).

[0021] The state of the input AC power may include a single-phase state and a multi-phase state of the input AC power.

[0022] The state of the input AC power may include a symmetrical power state and an asymmetrical power state of the input AC power.

[0023] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a battery charger for an electric vehicle includes: an electric motor configured to generate a driving force for driving the electric vehicle; an inverter configured to provide power to the electric motor; an alternating current (AC) power input terminal, to which at least one of a single-phase input AC power and a multi-phase input AC power is input; a power factor corrector including a single 3-lead half-bridge circuit, to which input AC power is input through the AC power input terminal; a link capacitor charged by at least one of the power factor corrector, the electric motor, or the inverter combination; a switch A switch network includes: a first switch (S1) configured to connect any one of an AC power input line and a neutral line forming an AC power input terminal to the power factor corrector; one or more second switches (S2, S3, S4, S5) configured to selectively connect the AC power input terminal to the power factor corrector, the link capacitor or the inverter; and a third switch (S6) configured to electrically connect the motor to a high-voltage battery; and a controller configured to control the power factor corrector and the switch network according to the state of the input AC power input through the AC power input terminal. Here, the third switch (S6) is configured to electrically connect the neutral point of the motor and the two electrodes of the battery. Moreover, the second switch of the switching network includes a fourth switch (S2), which is controlled to connect at least one lead of the power factor corrector to any one of the AC power input terminal and the input terminal of the inverter; a fifth switch (S3), which is arranged between the power factor corrector and the link capacitor; and a sixth switch (S5) and a seventh switch (S4), which are respectively arranged between the two ends of the link capacitor and the two ends of the inverter.

[0024] A first switch (S1) may be provided at the AC power input terminal and controlled to be turned on or off corresponding to a single-phase state and a multi-phase state of the input AC power.

[0025] The first lead of the power factor corrector can be connected to a first AC power input line of the AC power input terminal. The second lead of the power factor corrector can be connected to any one of the second AC power input line of the AC power input terminal and the neutral line through the first switch (S1). The third lead of the power factor corrector can be connected to any one of the third AC power input line of the AC power input terminal and the third switch through the fourth switch (S2).

[0026] The state of the input AC power may include a single-phase state and a multi-phase state of the input AC power.

[0027] The state of the input AC power may include a symmetrical power state and an asymmetrical power state of the input AC power.

[0028] Further areas of applicability will become apparent from the description provided herein.It should be understood that the description and specific examples are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order that the present disclosure may be better understood, various forms thereof will now be described, given by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0030] Figure 1 is a view of an electric vehicle in one form of the present disclosure;

[0031] Figure 2 is a view of a power supply device for an electric vehicle in one form of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 3 is a view of a battery charger for an electric vehicle in one form of the present disclosure;

[0033] Figure 4 is a configuration diagram of an on-board charger (OBC) in one form of the present disclosure;

[0034] Figure 5 (I), (II) and (III) are views showing various power sources acceptable to the OBC in one form of the present disclosure;

[0035] Figure 6 and Figure 7 is a diagram showing an on / off combination of a switching network corresponding to a two-phase symmetrical power supply for North America;

[0036] Figure 8 and Fig. 9is a diagram showing an on / off combination of a switching network corresponding to a European three-phase symmetrical power supply; and

[0037] Fig.10 and Fig.11 is a view showing on / off combinations of a switch network corresponding to single-phase asymmetrical power supplies in Korea and Europe.

[0038] The drawings described herein are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, application, or uses. It should be understood that throughout the drawings, corresponding reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts and features.

[0040] Figure 1 is a diagram of an electric vehicle in accordance with one form of the present disclosure.

[0041] Figure 1 The electric vehicle 100 shown in FIG. 1 includes an electric motor 212 (see Figure 2 ). Therefore, the high voltage battery 102 that stores the electric power for driving the electric motor 212 is required. Even in a general vehicle with an internal combustion engine, the auxiliary battery 208 (see Figure 2 ) is also arranged on one side of the engine room. However, in the case of the electric vehicle 100, a high-voltage battery 102 with a large size and a high capacity is required. In one form of the electric vehicle 100 of the present disclosure, the high-voltage battery 102 is installed in the space under the second row of seats. The electricity stored in the high-voltage battery 102 can be used to drive the motor 212 to generate driving force. One form of the high-voltage battery 102 of the present disclosure may be a lithium battery.

[0042] The charging socket 104 is provided in the electric vehicle 100. The charging connector 152 of the external slow charger 150 is connected to the charging socket 104 so that the high-voltage battery 102 can be charged. That is, when the charging connector 152 of the slow charger 150 is connected to the charging socket 104 of the electric vehicle 100, the high-voltage battery 102 of the electric vehicle 100 starts to be charged.

[0043] Figure 2 is a view of a power supply device for an electric vehicle in one form of the present disclosure. Figure 2 The power supply shown is used to power a motor 212 and an electronic device load 214 .

[0044] like Figure 2As shown, a power supply device of an electric vehicle 100 in one form of the present disclosure includes a high voltage battery 102 , a low voltage direct current (DC)-DC converter (hereinafter referred to as LDC) 204 , an inverter 206 , an auxiliary battery 208 and a controller 210 .

[0045] The LDC 204 converts the high DC voltage of the high voltage battery 102 into a lower DC voltage. The LDC 204 converts the high DC voltage of the high voltage battery 102 into an AC voltage, reduces the AC voltage through a coil, a transformer, a capacitor, etc., and then rectifies the reduced AC voltage to convert the AC voltage into a lower DC voltage. The DC voltage having the voltage reduced by the LDC 204 is provided to each electronic device load 214 that requires a low voltage.

[0046] The DC voltage of the high voltage battery 102 is converted into an AC voltage having a specific phase and frequency by the inverter 206 and is supplied to the motor 212. The rotational force and rotation speed of the motor 212 are determined by the output voltage of the inverter 206. The controller 210 controls the overall operation of the power supply device.

[0047] Figure 3 is a view of a power supply device for an electric vehicle in one form of the present disclosure.

[0048] The slow charger 150 may be used to charge the high voltage battery 102 of the electric vehicle 100. The high voltage battery 102 may have a charging voltage of 500 V to 800 V. The slow charger 150 may provide commercial AC power as an AC power form to the electric vehicle 100. The AC power supplied by the slow charger 150 is converted into a DC voltage of a preset level in the electric vehicle 100.

[0049] In the electric vehicle 100, the on-board charger 302 participates in charging the high-voltage battery 102. The on-board charger 302, referred to as an OBC, converts the commercial AC power provided by the slow charger 150 into a DC voltage of 800V to charge the high-voltage battery 102. The slow charger 150 can provide the commercial AC power to the electric vehicle 100 as an AC power form. The AC voltage provided by the slow charger 150 is converted into a DC voltage by the on-board charger 302, and then, is used to charge the high-voltage battery 102 in the electric vehicle 100.

[0050] Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a vehicle charger according to one form of the present disclosure. Figure 4 It shows how an on-board charger 302 of one form of the present disclosure is connected to the high voltage battery 102 , the inverter 206 , and the electric motor 212 .

[0051] The onboard charger 302 includes an input 412 , a boost power factor corrector 414 , and a power relay assembly 416 .

[0052] Commercial AC power is input from an external commercial AC power source to the input part 412. The input part 412 includes five input lines L1, L2, L3, N, and G, an electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter 422, and a switch S1.

[0053] The EMI filter 422 is configured to remove noise included in the input commercial AC power. Five input lines L1, L2, L3, N, and G are connected to the EMI filter 422. Commercial AC power is input to the EMI filter 422 from an external commercial AC power source through the input lines L1, L2, L3, N, and G. L1, L2, and L3 are AC power input lines, N is a neutral line, and G is a ground line.

[0054] At most, three-phase AC power may be input to the EMI filter 422 through the AC power input lines L1, L2, and L3 among the input lines L1, L2, L3, N, and G. That is, three-phase AC power may be input to the EMI filter 422 through all of the AC power input lines L1, L2, and L3. In addition, two-phase AC power may be input to the EMI filter 422 through only the AC power input lines L1 and L2. In addition, single-phase AC power may be input to the EMI filter 422 through only the AC power input line L1 and the neutral line N.

[0055] The switch S1 of the input part 412 connects one of the AC power input line L2 and the neutral line N to the EMI filter 422. In the case of three-phase or two-phase input commercial AC power, the switch S1 is controlled to connect the AC power input line L2 to the EMI filter 422. When the input commercial AC power has a single phase, the switch S1 is controlled to connect the neutral line N to the EMI filter 422.

[0056] The boost power factor corrector 414 is basically configured as a 3-lead half-bridge circuit, which includes switching elements Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, and Q6. The first to third leads 442, 444, and 446 formed between Q1 and Q4, Q2 and Q5, and Q3 and Q6, respectively, are connected to the EMI filter 422. The phase currents I1, I2, and I3 of each phase of the half-bridge circuit of the boost power factor corrector 414 transmitted from the EMI filter 422 can be detected at the first to third leads 442, 444, and 446. Each of the first to third leads 442, 444, and 446 may include an inductor component.

[0057] The switch S2 is provided between a lead 446 formed between the switching elements Q3 and Q6 among the three leads and the output terminal of the EMI filter 422. The switch S2 is controlled to connect the lead 446 of the 3-lead half-bridge circuit to any one of the output terminal of the EMI filter 422 and the output terminal of the boost power factor corrector 414. That is, the switch S2 connects the lead 446 of the 3-lead half-bridge circuit to the output terminal of the EMI filter 422 through the node A or connects the lead 446 of the 3-lead half-bridge circuit to the output terminal of the boost power factor corrector 414 through the node B. The output terminal of the boost power factor corrector 414 to which the node B of the switch S2 is connected is connected to the input terminal of the inverter 206 that drives the motor. Therefore, when the switch S2 is connected to the node B, the lead 446 of the 3-lead half-bridge circuit is connected to the input terminal of the inverter 206.

[0058] In addition, a capacitor C1, which is a perfluorinated compound link capacitor (PFC), is provided in the boost power factor corrector 414. The capacitor C1 is provided between both ends of the half-bridge circuit.

[0059] In addition, switches S3, S4 and S5 are further included in the boost power factor corrector 414. Among them, switch S3 is connected in parallel to the power factor correction element P1 between the upper end of the half-bridge circuit and the positive electrode of the above-mentioned capacitor C1. Switch S4 is arranged at one end of the capacitor C1, and electrically connects the boost power factor corrector 414 to the power relay assembly 416, which will be described below. That is, the boost power factor corrector 414 is electrically connected to the power relay assembly 416 through the switch S4. That is, the boost power factor corrector 414 is also electrically connected to one end of the high-voltage battery 102 through the switch S4. Switch S5 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C1 and forms the output terminal of the above-mentioned boost power factor corrector 414. One end of the switch S5 is connected to the capacitor C1, and the other end of the switch S5 is connected to the node B of the switch S2 and the input end of the inverter 206.

[0060] Capacitors CY1 and CY2 (which are equivalent modeling Y capacitors) are connected in series to the power relay assembly 416. The node to which the capacitors CY1 and CY2 are connected is grounded.

[0061] Two switches BS1 and BS2 and one power factor element P2 are provided between capacitor CY1 and the positive electrode of high voltage battery 102. Switch BS1 and power factor element P2 are connected in series between capacitor CY1 and the positive electrode of high voltage battery 102. Switch BS2 is connected in parallel with the series connection structure.

[0062] The switch BS3 is provided between the capacitor CY2 and the negative electrode of the high voltage battery 102 .

[0063] The positive electrode (+) of the high voltage battery 102 is connected to the neutral point of the motor 212 via a switch S6 .

[0064] Inverter 206 includes six switching elements QA, QB, QC, QD, QE, and QF. Currents generated by switching elements QC and QF, currents generated by switching elements QB and QE, and currents generated by switching elements QA and QD are applied to three-phase coils of motor 212.

[0065] Formed in Figure 4 The plurality of such switches S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, BS1, BS2 and BS3 and the plurality of such switching elements Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6, QA, QB, QC, QD, QE and QF of the switch network provided in the on-board charger 302 are referred to above. Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some forms of the present disclosure, the high voltage battery 102 can be charged by various types of commercial AC power through various on / off combinations of a plurality of switches S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, BS1, BS2, and BS3 used to form a switch network. Figure 5 Describe in detail the various types of commercial AC power supplies.

[0066] Figure 5 (I), (II) and (III) are views showing various power sources acceptable to the on-board charger of some forms of the present disclosure.

[0067] Figure 5 (I) in FIG. 1 shows a two-phase symmetrical power supply. Figure 5 As shown in (I) in the figure, in the dual-phase symmetrical power supply, the supply voltage is divided into two voltages 1 / 2Vac and -1 / 2Vac. Since the two voltages 1 / 2Vac and -1 / 2Vac have opposite phases, it is called a dual-phase symmetrical power supply. Figure 5 The two-phase symmetrical power supply shown in (I) is commonly used in North America.

[0068] Figure 5 (II) in FIG. 1 shows a single-phase asymmetrical power supply. Figure 5 As shown in (II) in FIG. 1 , in a single-phase asymmetric power supply, the supply voltage is provided in the form of a single voltage Vac having a single phase. Since the single voltage Vac has a single phase, it is called a single-phase asymmetric power supply. Figure 5 The single-phase asymmetrical power supply shown in (II) is commonly used in Korea, North America, and Europe.

[0069] Figure 5 (III) in FIG. 1 shows a three-phase symmetrical power supply. Figure 5 As shown in (III) in FIG. 1 , in a three-phase symmetrical power supply, the supply voltage is divided into three voltages Va, Vb and Vc. Since the three voltages Va, Vb and Vc have different phases, it is called a three-phase symmetrical power supply. Figure 5 The three-phase symmetrical power supply shown in (III) is commonly used in Europe.

[0070] As described above, since the type of commercial AC power source varies for each country, some forms of the on-board charger 302 of the present disclosure are intended to correspond to various commercial AC power sources in various countries through an on / off combination of a switch network. For example, with respect to a two-phase symmetrical power source, a single-phase full-bridge inverter-type boost power factor corrector is implemented to charge the high-voltage battery 102. In addition, for example, with respect to a single-phase asymmetrical power source, a single-phase full-bridge inverter-type boost power factor corrector is implemented together with a buck converter to charge the high-voltage battery 102. In addition, for example, with respect to a three-phase symmetrical power source, a 3-lead boost power factor corrector is implemented together with a motor / inverter buck converter to charge the high-voltage battery 102.

[0071] Figures 6 to 11 is a diagram showing on / off combinations of a switching network corresponding to various commercial AC power supplies in each country.

[0072] Figure 6 and Figure 7 is a diagram showing an on / off combination of a switching network corresponding to a two-phase symmetrical power supply in North America. Specifically, Figure 6 is a diagram showing control of the switch network when the peak value of the voltage Vc1 of the capacitor C1 is greater than the charging voltage Vbatt required by the high voltage battery 102. In addition, Figure 7 is a diagram showing control of the switch network when the peak value of the voltage Vc1 of the capacitor C1 is smaller than the charging voltage Vbatt required by the high voltage battery 102 .

[0073] Figure 8 and Fig. 9 is a diagram showing an on / off combination of a switch network corresponding to a European three-phase symmetrical power supply. Specifically, Figure 8 is a diagram showing control of the switch network when the peak value of the voltage Vc1 of the capacitor C1 is greater than the charging voltage Vbatt required by the high voltage battery 102. In addition, Fig. 9 is a diagram showing control of the switch network when the peak value of the voltage Vc1 of the capacitor C1 is smaller than the charging voltage Vbatt required by the high voltage battery 102 .

[0074] Fig.10and Fig.11 1 is a diagram showing the on / off combination of a switch network corresponding to single-phase asymmetrical power supplies in Korea and Europe. Specifically, Fig.10 is a diagram showing control of the switch network when the peak value of the voltage Vc1 of the capacitor C1 is greater than the charging voltage Vbatt required by the high voltage battery 102. In addition, Fig.11 is a diagram showing control of the switch network when the peak value of the voltage Vc1 of the capacitor C1 is smaller than the charging voltage Vbatt required by the high voltage battery 102 .

[0075] Figure 6 is a diagram showing an on / off combination of a switching network corresponding to a two-phase symmetrical power supply in North America. Specifically, Figure 6 is a diagram showing control of the switch network when the peak value of the voltage Vc1 of the capacitor C1 is greater than the charging voltage Vbatt required by the high voltage battery 102 .

[0076] exist Figure 6 In the example, the on / off combinations of the switches forming the switch network are as follows.

[0077] S1: N, S2: B, S3: On, S4: On, S5: Off, S6: Off

[0078] BS1: On, BS2: On, BS3: On

[0079] The switch S1 is controlled so that the neutral line N is connected to the EMI filter 422. Thus, a two-phase symmetrical AC power can be input through the AC power input line L1 and the neutral line N. The switch S2 is connected to the node B. Thus, the lead 446 of the boost power factor corrector 414 is connected to the input end of the inverter 206. The switch S5 is disconnected. Therefore, the output terminal of the boost power factor corrector 414 is not connected to the input end of the inverter 206. In addition, the switch S6 is disconnected. Thus, the neutral point of the motor 212 and the power relay assembly 416 are electrically disconnected.

[0080] In addition, the switching elements Q1 , Q3 , and Q5 of the boost power factor corrector 414 are turned on.

[0081] Through the above on / off combination of the switching network, capacitor C1 is Figure 6 The charging path of capacitor C1 is shown by the dashed arrow. Figure 6 The path indicated by the solid arrow in FIG. 4 charges the high voltage battery 102 through the power relay assembly 416 . The high voltage battery 102 is charged by the charging voltage of the capacitor C1 because the peak value of the voltage Vc1 of the capacitor C1 is greater than the charging voltage Vbatt required by the high voltage battery 102 .

[0082] The single-phase full-bridge inverter type boost power factor corrector and buck converter modes are implemented by on / off combinations of the above switch network to correspond to the two-phase symmetrical power supply in North America.

[0083] Figure 7 is a diagram showing an on / off combination of a switching network corresponding to a two-phase symmetrical power supply in North America. Specifically, Figure 7 is a diagram showing a control switch network when the peak value of the voltage Vc1 of the capacitor C1 is less than the charging voltage Vbatt required by the high voltage battery 102 .

[0084] exist Figure 7 In the example, the on / off combinations of the switches forming the switch network are as follows.

[0085] S1:N, S2:B, S3:On, S4:On, S5:On, S6:Off

[0086] BS1: On, BS2: On, BS3: On

[0087] The switch S1 is controlled so that the neutral line N is connected to the EMI filter 422. Thus, a two-phase symmetrical AC power can be input through the AC power input line L1 and the neutral line N. The switch S2 is connected to the node B. Thus, the lead 446 of the boost power factor corrector 414 is connected to the input terminal of the inverter 206. The switch S5 is turned on. Thus, the output terminal of the boost power factor corrector 414 is connected to the input terminal of the inverter 206. In addition, the switch S6 is turned off. Thus, the neutral point of the motor 212 and the power relay assembly 416 are electrically disconnected.

[0088] In addition, the switching elements Q1 and Q5 of the boost power factor corrector 414 are turned on.

[0089] Through the on / off combination of the above switch network, the high voltage battery 102 is Figure 7 The path shown by the dashed arrow in the figure is used for charging. The charging of the high-voltage battery 102 by the two-phase symmetrical AC power input through the EMI filter 422 is caused by the peak value of the voltage Vc1 of the capacitor C1 being less than the charging voltage Vbatt required by the high-voltage battery. Therefore, by opening the switch S6, the neutral point of the motor 212 and the power relay assembly 416 are electrically disconnected, so that the high-voltage battery 102 is directly charged by the two-phase symmetrical AC power input through the EMI filter 422.

[0090] A single-phase full-bridge inverter type boost power factor corrector is implemented by an on / off combination of the above switch network to correspond to a two-phase symmetrical power supply in North America.

[0091] Figure 8 is a diagram showing the on / off combination of a switching network corresponding to a European three-phase symmetrical power supply. Specifically, Figure 8 is a diagram showing a control switch network when the peak value of the voltage Vc1 of the capacitor C1 is greater than the charging voltage Vbatt required by the high voltage battery 102 .

[0092] exist Figure 8 In the example, the on / off combinations of the switches forming the switch network are as follows.

[0093] S1: Off (L2), S2: A, S3: On, S4: On, S5: On, S6: On

[0094] BS1: Off, BS2: Off, BS3: On

[0095] The switch S1 is turned off. Thus, three-phase symmetrical AC power can be input through the AC power input line L1 and the other AC power input line L2. The switch S2 is connected to the node A. Thus, the lead 446 of the boost power factor corrector 414 is connected to the AC power input line L3 through the EMI filter 422. The switch S6 is turned on. Thus, the neutral point of the power relay assembly 416 and the motor 212 is electrically conductive.

[0096] In addition, the switching elements Q1, Q3, and Q5 of the boost power factor corrector 414 and the switching element QB of the inverter 206 are turned on. The switches BS1 and BS2 of the power relay assembly 416 are turned off.

[0097] By the on / off combination of the above switch network, capacitor C1 is connected along Figure 8 The path shown by the dotted arrow in the figure is charged. Moreover, the charging voltage of capacitor C1 follows the path shown by the dotted arrow in the figure. Figure 8 The path indicated by the solid arrow in FIG. 1 charges the high voltage battery 102 via the motor 212 and the inverter 206 . The high voltage battery 102 is charged by the charging voltage of the capacitor C1 because the peak value of the voltage Vc1 of the capacitor C1 is greater than the charging voltage Vbatt required by the high voltage battery 102 .

[0098] A three-phase boost power factor corrector, buck converter mode and motor / inverter LC filter are implemented using a single-phase line voltage through an on / off combination of the above switching network to correspond to the European three-phase symmetrical power supply.

[0099] Fig. 9 is a diagram showing the on / off combination of a switching network corresponding to a European three-phase symmetrical power supply. Specifically, Fig. 9 is a diagram showing a control switch network when the peak value of the voltage Vc1 of the capacitor C1 is less than the charging voltage Vbatt required by the high voltage battery 102 .

[0100] exist Fig. 9 In the example, the on / off combinations of the switches forming the switch network are as follows.

[0101] S1: Off (L2), S2: A, S3: On, S4: On, S5: On, S6: Off

[0102] BS1: On, BS2: On, BS3: On

[0103] The switch S1 is opened. Thus, three-phase symmetrical AC power can be input through the AC power input line L1 and the AC power input line L2. The switch S2 is connected to the node A. Thus, the lead 446 of the boost power factor corrector 414 is connected to the AC power input line L3 through the EMI filter 422. The switch S6 is opened. Thus, the neutral point of the power relay assembly 416 and the motor 212 is electrically disconnected.

[0104] In addition, the switching elements Q1 and Q6 of the boost power factor corrector 414 are turned on.

[0105] Through the on / off combination of the above switch network, the high voltage battery 102 is connected along the Fig. 9 The path shown by the dashed arrow is charged. The charging of the high-voltage battery 102 by the three-phase symmetrical AC power input through the EMI filter 422 is caused by the peak value of the voltage Vc1 of the capacitor C1 being less than the charging voltage Vbatt required by the high-voltage battery. Therefore, the third lead 446 of the boost power factor corrector 414 and the AC power input line L3 are electrically connected by connecting the switch S2 to the node A, so that the high-voltage battery 102 is directly charged by the three-phase symmetrical AC power input through the EMI filter 422.

[0106] A three-phase full-bridge inverter type boost power factor corrector is implemented by an on / off combination of the above switch network to correspond to the European three-phase symmetrical power supply.

[0107] Fig.10 1 is a diagram showing the on / off combination of a switch network corresponding to single-phase asymmetrical power supplies in Korea and Europe. Specifically, Fig.10 is a diagram showing a control switch network when the peak value of the voltage Vc1 of the capacitor C1 is greater than the charging voltage Vbatt required by the high voltage battery 102 .

[0108] exist Fig.10 In the example, the on / off combinations of the switches forming the switch network are as follows.

[0109] S1: N, S2: B, S3: On, S4: On, S5: Off, S6: Off

[0110] BS1: On, BS2: On, BS3: On

[0111] The switch S1 is controlled so that the neutral line N is connected to the EMI filter 422. Thus, single-phase asymmetrical AC power can be input through the AC power input line L1 and the neutral line N. The switch S2 is connected to the node B. Thus, the lead 446 of the boost power factor corrector 414 is connected to the input terminal of the inverter 206. In addition, the switch S6 is opened. Thus, the neutral point of the motor 212 and the power relay assembly 416 are electrically disconnected.

[0112] In addition, the switching elements Q1 , Q3 , and Q5 of the boost power factor corrector 414 are turned on.

[0113] By the on / off combination of the above switch network, capacitor C1 is connected along Fig.10 The path shown by the dashed arrow is charged. In addition, the charging voltage of capacitor C1 flows along Fig.10 The high voltage battery 102 is charged by the path indicated by the solid arrow in FIG. The high voltage battery 102 is charged by the charging voltage of the capacitor C1 because the peak value of the voltage Vc1 of the capacitor C1 is greater than the charging voltage Vbatt required by the high voltage battery 102 .

[0114] A single-phase full-bridge inverter type boost power factor corrector and buck converter mode are realized by the on / off combination of the above-mentioned switch network to correspond to the single-phase asymmetrical power supply in Korea and Europe.

[0115] Fig.11 1 is a diagram showing the on / off combination of a switch network corresponding to single-phase asymmetrical power supplies in Korea and Europe. Specifically, Fig.11 is a diagram showing a control switch network when the peak value of the voltage Vc1 of the capacitor C1 is less than the charging voltage Vbatt required by the high voltage battery 102 .

[0116] exist Fig.11 In the example, the on / off combinations of the switches forming the switch network are as follows.

[0117] S1:N, S2:B, S3:On, S4:On, S5:On, S6:Off

[0118] BS1: On, BS2: On, BS3: On

[0119] The switch S1 is controlled so that the neutral line N is connected to the EMI filter 422. Thus, single-phase asymmetrical AC power can be input through the AC power input line L1 and the neutral line N. The switch S2 is connected to the node B. Thus, the lead 446 of the boost power factor corrector 414 is connected to the input terminal of the inverter 206. The switch S6 is opened. Thus, the neutral point of the power relay assembly 416 and the motor 212 is electrically disconnected.

[0120] In addition, the switching elements Q1 and Q5 of the boost power factor corrector 414 are turned on.

[0121] Through the on / off combination of the above switch network, along the Fig.11 The path shown by the dashed arrow in the middle charges the high-voltage battery 102. The reason why the single-phase asymmetric AC power input through the EMI filter 422 charges the high-voltage battery 102 is that the peak value of the voltage Vc1 of the capacitor C1 is less than the charging voltage Vbatt required by the high-voltage battery. Therefore, by opening the switch S6, the neutral point of the power relay assembly 416 and the motor 212 is electrically disconnected, so that the single-phase asymmetric AC power input through the EMI filter 422 directly charges the high-voltage battery 102.

[0122] A single-phase full-bridge inverter type boost power factor corrector is realized by the on / off combination of the above-mentioned switch network to correspond to the single-phase asymmetrical power supply in Korea and Europe.

[0123] The single-phase full-bridge inverter type boost power factor corrector is implemented by an on / off combination of the above-mentioned switch network to correspond to the single-phase asymmetrical power supply in North America.

[0124] As apparent from the above description, a battery charger for a vehicle in one form of the present disclosure has a simple structure and a small size, and is capable of charging a battery using electric power supplied from various power sources.

[0125] The description of the present disclosure is merely exemplary in nature, and thus, variations that do not depart from the essence of the present disclosure are intended to fall within the scope of the present disclosure. Such variations should not be regarded as a departure from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A battery charger for an electric vehicle, comprising: an electric motor configured to generate a driving force for driving the electric vehicle; an inverter configured to provide power to the electric motor; an AC power input terminal, wherein at least one of single-phase input AC power and multi-phase input AC power is input to the AC power input terminal; A power factor corrector comprising a single 3-lead half-bridge circuit, wherein input AC power is input to the single 3-lead half-bridge circuit through the AC power input terminal; a link capacitor charged by at least one of the power factor corrector, the motor, and the inverter; Switching network, including: A first switch (S1) configured to connect any one of an AC power input line and a neutral line to the power factor corrector, wherein the AC power input terminal includes the AC power input line and the neutral line; a plurality of second switches (S2, S3, S4, S5) configured to selectively connect the AC power input to the power factor corrector, the link capacitor or the inverter; and a third switch (S6) configured to electrically connect the electric motor to a high voltage battery; and a controller configured to control the power factor corrector and the switch network based on a state of input AC power input through the AC power input terminal, Wherein, the plurality of second switches include: a fourth switch (S2) configured to connect at least one lead of the power factor corrector to any one of the AC power input terminal and the input terminal of the inverter, The fourth switch (S2) is configured to connect one lead of the three-lead half-bridge circuit to the AC power input terminal or the input terminal of the inverter.

2. The battery charger according to claim 1, wherein: The first switch (S1) provided at the AC power input terminal is configured to be turned on or off corresponding to a single-phase state of the input AC power and a multi-phase state of the input AC power.

3. The battery charger according to claim 1, wherein: The plurality of second switches include: A fifth switch (S3) is provided between the power factor corrector and the link capacitor.

4. The battery charger according to claim 3, wherein: The plurality of second switches include: a sixth switch (S5) provided between one terminal of the link capacitor and one terminal of the inverter; and A seventh switch (S4) is provided between the other terminal of the link capacitor and the other terminal of the inverter.

5. The battery charger of claim 4, wherein: A first lead of the power factor corrector is connected to a first AC power input line of the AC power input terminal; A second lead of the power factor corrector is connected to any one of the neutral line and a second AC power input line of the AC power input terminal through the first switch (S1); and The third lead of the power factor corrector is connected to any one of the third switch and a third AC power input line of the AC power input terminal through the fourth switch (S2).

6. The battery charger according to claim 1, wherein: The state of the input AC power includes a single-phase state of the input AC power and a multi-phase state of the input AC power.

7. The battery charger according to claim 1, wherein: The state of the input AC power includes a symmetrical power state of the input AC power and an asymmetrical power state of the input AC power.

8. A battery charger for an electric vehicle, comprising: an electric motor configured to generate a driving force for driving the electric vehicle; an inverter configured to supply electric power to the electric motor; an AC power input terminal, wherein at least one of single-phase input AC power and multi-phase input AC power is input to the AC power input terminal; A power factor corrector comprising a single 3-lead half-bridge circuit, wherein input AC power is input to the single 3-lead half-bridge circuit through the AC power input terminal; a link capacitor charged by at least one of the power factor corrector, the motor, and the inverter; Switching network, including: A first switch (S1) configured to connect any one of an AC power input line and a neutral line to the power factor corrector, wherein the AC power input terminal includes the AC power input line and the neutral line; a plurality of second switches (S2, S3, S4, S5) configured to selectively connect the AC power input to the power factor corrector, the link capacitor or the inverter; and a third switch (S6) configured to electrically connect the electric motor to a high voltage battery; and a controller configured to control the power factor corrector and the switch network based on a state of input AC power input through the AC power input terminal, The third switch (S6) is configured to electrically connect the neutral point of the motor with two electrodes of the battery. wherein the plurality of second switches include a fourth switch (S2), the fourth switch being configured to connect at least one lead of the power factor corrector to any one of the AC power input terminal and the input terminal of the inverter, and The fourth switch is configured to connect one lead of the three-lead half-bridge circuit to the AC power input terminal or the input terminal of the inverter.

9. The battery charger according to claim 8, wherein: The first switch (S1) provided at the AC power input terminal is configured to be turned on or off corresponding to a single-phase state of the input AC power and a multi-phase state of the input AC power.

10. The battery charger according to claim 9, wherein: The plurality of second switches further includes a fifth switch (S3) disposed between the power factor corrector and the link capacitor.

11. The battery charger according to claim 10, wherein: The plurality of second switches further comprises: a sixth switch (S5) provided between one terminal of the link capacitor and one terminal of the inverter; and A seventh switch (S4) is provided between the other terminal of the link capacitor and the other terminal of the inverter.

12. The battery charger of claim 11, wherein: A first lead of the power factor corrector is connected to a first AC power input line of the AC power input terminal; A second lead of the power factor corrector is connected to any one of the neutral line and a second AC power input line of the AC power input terminal through the first switch (S1); and The third lead of the power factor corrector is connected to any one of the third switch and a third AC power input line of the AC power input terminal through the fourth switch (S2).

13. The battery charger according to claim 8, wherein: The state of the input AC power includes a single-phase state of the input AC power and a multi-phase state of the input AC power.

14. The battery charger according to claim 8, wherein: The state of the input AC power includes a symmetrical power state of the input AC power and an asymmetrical power state of the input AC power.

15. A battery charger for an electric vehicle, comprising: an electric motor configured to generate a driving force for driving the electric vehicle; an inverter configured to supply electric power to the electric motor; an AC power input terminal, wherein at least one of single-phase input AC power and multi-phase input AC power is input to the AC power input terminal; A power factor corrector comprising a single 3-lead half-bridge circuit, wherein input AC power is input to the single 3-lead half-bridge circuit through the AC power input terminal; a link capacitor charged by at least one of the power factor corrector, the motor, and the inverter; Switching network, including: A first switch (S1) configured to connect any one of an AC power input line and a neutral line to the power factor corrector, wherein the AC power input terminal includes the AC power input line and the neutral line; a plurality of second switches (S2, S3, S4, S5) configured to selectively connect the AC power input to the power factor corrector, the link capacitor or the inverter; and A third switch (S6) configured to electrically connect the electric motor to a high voltage battery; and a controller configured to control the power factor corrector and the switch network based on a state of input AC power input through the AC power input terminal, wherein the third switch (S6) is configured to electrically connect the neutral point of the motor and two electrodes of the battery, and Wherein, the plurality of second switches include: a fourth switch (S2) configured to connect at least one lead of the power factor corrector to any one of the AC power input terminal and the input terminal of the inverter; a fifth switch (S3), arranged between the power factor corrector and the link capacitor; a sixth switch (S5) provided between one terminal of the link capacitor and one terminal of the inverter; and a seventh switch (S4), provided between the other terminal of the link capacitor and the other terminal of the inverter, The fourth switch (S2) is configured to connect one lead of the three-lead half-bridge circuit to the AC power input terminal or the input terminal of the inverter.

16. The battery charger according to claim 15, wherein: The first switch (S1) provided at the AC power input terminal is configured to be turned on or off corresponding to a single-phase state of input AC power and a multi-phase state of input AC power.

17. The battery charger of claim 16, wherein: A first lead of the power factor corrector is connected to a first AC power input line of the AC power input terminal; A second lead of the power factor corrector is connected to any one of the neutral line and a second AC power input line of the AC power input terminal through the first switch (S1); and The third lead of the power factor corrector is connected to any one of the third switch and a third AC power input line of the AC power input terminal through the fourth switch (S2).

18. The battery charger according to claim 16, wherein: The state of the input AC power includes a single-phase state of the input AC power and a multi-phase state of the input AC power.

19. The battery charger according to claim 16, wherein: The state of the input AC power includes a symmetrical power state of the input AC power and an asymmetrical power state of the input AC power.

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