A monitoring system for seeding performance of Panax notoginseng precision seeder

Abstract

A monitoring system for the seeding performance of a Panax notoginseng precision seeder belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The invention is composed of an electric control cabinet, a quantitative seed supply device, a socket seed cleaning device, a seeding monitoring device for a seeder, and a speed monitoring device for a seeding device. The quantitative seed supply device can monitor the seed quantity in real time to ensure the best seed filling qualified rate; the socket seed cleaning piece can clean the stuck seeds in real time; the optical fiber transmitting and receiving sensor can monitor the situations of missed seeding, reseeding, and seed guide tube blockage in real time, and adjust the shooting distance to maintain the monitoring accuracy of the seeding monitoring device of the seeder through the functional relationship between the seeder operation time and the shooting distance between the optical fiber transmitting sensor and the optical fiber receiving sensor; the speed sensor can monitor the speed of the seeding device in real time, and give an acoustic and visual alarm to the farmer when the speed of the seeding device is abnormal; all information can be displayed on a display. The invention can improve the automation level of the Panax notoginseng precision seeder, increase the seeding qualified rate, improve the operation efficiency, land utilization rate, and reduce the operation cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a seeding performance monitoring system for a Panax notoginseng precision seeder. Background Art

[0002] Panax notoginseng is a traditional precious Chinese medicinal material. It has become the largest variety of Chinese medicinal material after ginseng and is the "bright pearl" of Yunnan agriculture. However, at present, the sowing of Panax notoginseng is still mainly done manually, with high labor intensity and low work efficiency. It has become an inevitable trend to use mechanized sowing instead of manual sowing. In response to this situation, Yunnan Province has launched a trough planting mode for Panax notoginseng and developed a trough-type Panax notoginseng precision seeder. The core component of this seeder is a drum-type seeding device, which sows 28 coated Panax notoginseng seeds at a time within a sowing width of 1.5 meters, and the sowing row spacing is 5 cm. Due to the large number of rows and the closed and compact structure of the seeder, the naked eye cannot judge the seeding situation of the seeder in real time during the sowing process. When there are faults such as missed sowing and re-seeding, blockage of the seed guide tube, insufficient seed in the seed filling box, failure of the seeding device transmission, and seed stuck in the seeding device socket, it is impossible to make a judgment and deal with it in time, resulting in poor seeding performance of the seeder, which cannot meet the requirements of mechanized planting of Panax notoginseng, and reduce the economic benefits of the Panax notoginseng industry, the land utilization rate of Panax notoginseng planting, and the sowing efficiency. Therefore, designing a seeding performance monitoring system to target the faults that occur during the operation of the Panax notoginseng precision seeder is of great significance to improving the seeding qualification rate and seeding efficiency of the Panax notoginseng precision seeder. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a seeding performance monitoring system that is compatible with a drum-type Panax notoginseng precision seeder, which can monitor in real time the situations of missed seeds and repeated seeds, blockage of seed guide tubes, and transmission failure of the seeding device during seeding, monitor in real time the seed quantity in the seed filling box, and clean the blocked seeds in the eye of the seeding device in real time.

[0004] The present invention discloses a monitoring system for the seeding performance of a Panax notoginseng precision seeder, wherein the Panax notoginseng precision seeder is provided with a seeding device 1, a seed filling box 2, a support bracket Ⅰ3, a frame 4, a seed guide tube 5 and a support bracket Ⅱ35. The present invention comprises an electric control cabinet A, a quantitative seed supply device B, a seed hole cleaning device C, a seeding monitoring device D for the seeder and a speed monitoring device E for the seeding device, wherein the box body 9 of the electric control cabinet A is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the frame 4; the bracket Ⅰ31, the box plate Ⅰ25, and the box plate Ⅱ15 of the quantitative seed supply device B are ... The front and rear ends of the box plate III 18 are respectively fixed to the inner walls of the support bracket I3 and the support bracket II 35; the seed supply roller 16 of the quantitative seed supply device B is located between the inner walls of the support bracket I3 and the support bracket II 35, the roller shaft 17 of the quantitative seed supply device B and the inner walls of the support bracket I3 and the support bracket II 35 are connected by a bearing pair 36, and the fixed plate I20 of the quantitative seed supply device B is fixed to the frame 4; the bracket II 37 of the socket cleaning device C is fixed to the seeder frame 4 through screws I 38, and the socket cleaning device The seed cleaning piece group 40 of C corresponds to the seeding device socket 41 of the seeding device 1 in the Panax notoginseng precision seeding machine; the optical fiber transmitting sensor 50 and the optical fiber receiving sensor 46 of the seeding monitoring device D of the seeding machine are projected on both sides of the wall of the seed guide tube 5, the fixing plate II 43 of the seeding monitoring device D of the seeding machine is fixedly connected to the frame 4, the signal amplifier 44 of the seeding monitoring device D of the seeding machine is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the right side of the frame 4, and the front and rear ends of the sensor bracket 45 of the seeding monitoring device D of the seeding machine are fixedly connected to the frame 4, and its support surface is 1.5 meters away from the seeding tube 5. The vertical distance of the seeding port of the seeding device 1 is 30-60 mm. The outer rings of the vertical bearing Ⅰ58, vertical bearing Ⅱ47, vertical bearing Ⅲ55 and vertical bearing Ⅳ57 of the seeding machine seeding monitoring device D are respectively fixed to the lower end of the frame 4; the speed measuring magnetic piece group 59 of the seeding device speed monitoring device E is evenly arranged on the circumferential surface of the front end of the seeding device 1, the speed sensor 62 of the seeding device speed monitoring device E is installed at the front lower end of the seeding device 1, and the bracket Ⅲ61 of the seeding device speed monitoring device E is fixed to the right end surface of the frame 4.

[0005] The electric control cabinet A is composed of a buzzer group 6, a switching power supply 7, a display 8, a box 9, a frequency converter 10, a stepper motor driver 11, a servo motor driver 12 and a PLC 13, wherein the buzzer group 6 is composed of four buzzers and is fixedly connected to the rear end of the upper surface of the box 9; the display 8 is fixedly connected to the front end of the upper surface of the box 9; the switching power supply 7 and the stepper motor driver 11 are arranged up and down and placed in the middle of the box 9; the PLC 13 and the servo motor driver 12 are arranged up and down and placed in the rear end of the box 9; and the frequency converter 10 is placed in the front end of the box 9.

[0006] The quantitative seed supply device B is composed of a special-shaped seed box 14, a seed supply roller 16, a roller shaft 17, a gear I 19, a fixing plate I 20, a stepping motor 21, a seed filling box seed quantity monitoring device 22, a seed supply piece 23 and a gear II 24; the special-shaped seed box 14 is composed of a box plate II 15, a box plate III 18, a box plate I 25 and a seed filling box bottom plate 29, the box plate I 25 is 30-45° with the horizontal plane, the box plate II 15 is 40-55° with the horizontal plane, and the box plate II 15 is 40-55° with the horizontal plane. The box plate III 18 is fixedly connected, and the lower end of the box plate III 18 is seamlessly connected to the upper end of the seed filling box bottom plate 29, and the seed filling box bottom plate 29 is 30-45 degrees with the horizontal plane; the seed filling box seed quantity monitoring device 22 is composed of a lever limiting piece I 26, a lever limiting piece II 34, a lever limiting support shaft 27, a lever 28, an iron sheet 30, a bracket I 31, a proximity switch 32 and a support box 33. The support box 33 is a box structure, and the top of the support box 33 is fixed to the back of the seed filling box bottom plate 29. The front and rear ends of the lever limiting support shaft 27 are respectively fixed to the inner walls of the front and rear plates of the support box 33. The lever 28 is in the form of a sheet. The middle part of the lever 28 is circular and is sleeved in the middle part of the lever limiting support shaft 27. The right end of the lever 28 passes through the support box 33, and the left end of the lever 28 passes through the bottom plate 29 of the seed filling box. The iron sheet 30 is fixed to the back of the right end of the lever 28. The proximity switch 32 is located 5-15mm below the iron sheet 30 and is fixed to the middle of the bracket Ⅰ31. The lever limiting sheet Ⅰ26 and The lever limiting piece Ⅱ34 is respectively located at the front and rear ends of the part of the lever 28 passing through the bottom plate 29 of the seed filling box, and its bottom end is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 29 of the seed filling box. Seven seed supply pieces 23 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the seed supply roller 16. The center of the seed supply roller 16 is spline-fixed to the roller shaft 17. The front end of the roller shaft 17 is fixedly connected to the gear Ⅱ24. The output shaft of the stepper motor 21 is fixedly connected to the gear Ⅰ19. The gear Ⅱ24 and the gear Ⅰ19 are chain-connected. The stepper motor 21 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate Ⅰ20.

[0007] The socket seed cleaning device C is composed of a bracket II 37, a screw I 38, a screw II 39 and a seed cleaning piece group 40. The seed cleaning piece group 40 is composed of 28 seed cleaning pieces, each of which is 3-5 cm long and 0.4 cm wide. The tip of the seed cleaning piece is bent 50-80° in the operating direction of the seed meter at 0.5-2 cm, and extends into the bottom of the socket 41 of the seed meter. The seed cleaning piece group 40 is fixedly connected to the bracket II 37 via screws II 39.

[0008] The seeding monitoring device D of the planter is composed of a servo motor 42, a fixing plate II 43, a signal amplifier 44, a sensor bracket 45, an optical fiber receiving sensor 46, a vertical bearing II 47, a transmission shaft II 48, a pulley II 49, an optical fiber transmitting sensor 50, a belt 51, a transmission shaft I 52, a gear IV 53, a pulley I 54, a vertical bearing III 55, a gear III 56, a vertical bearing IV 57 and a vertical bearing I 58. The gear III 56 is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor 42, the gear IV 53 and the gear III 56 are chain-driven, the servo motor 42 is fixedly connected to the fixing plate II 43, the optical fiber transmitting sensor 50 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the belt 51, and the optical fiber receiving sensor 4 6 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the sensor bracket 45, the communication lines of the optical fiber transmitting sensor 50 and the optical fiber receiving sensor 46 are connected to the interface of the signal amplifier 44, the communication line of the signal amplifier 44 is connected to the input end of the PLC13, the pulley I54 and the gear IV53 are fixedly connected to the transmission shaft I52, the pulley II49 is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft II48, the pulley I54 and the pulley II49 are chain-driven by the belt 51, the two ends of the transmission shaft I52 are connected to the vertical bearing III55 and the vertical bearing IV57, the two ends of the transmission shaft II48 are connected to the vertical bearing I58 and the vertical bearing II47, and the belt rotation area is the sensor monitoring distance scale range marked with a range of 2cm in units of 2mm on the belt 51.

[0009] The seed metering device speed monitoring device E is composed of a speed measuring magnetic plate group 59, a nut 60, a bracket III 61 and a speed sensor 62, wherein the speed measuring magnetic plate group 59 is composed of 10-20 speed measuring magnetic plates, the distance between the speed sensor 62 and the speed measuring magnetic plate group 59 is 3mm-11mm, and the speed sensor 62 is fixedly connected through the bracket III 61 via the nut 60.

[0010] The operation process of the present invention is as follows:

[0011] In the present invention, the electric control cabinet A, the quantitative seed supply device B, the eye cleaning device C, the seeding monitoring device D and the seeding device speed monitoring device E are installed on the Panax notoginseng precision seeding machine. The quantitative seed supply device B uses the lever principle to combine the seed quantity monitoring lever 28 with the proximity switch 32 to monitor the seed quantity in the seed filling box 2 in real time. When the seed quantity is less than 2kg and is not enough for the best seed filling effect, the seed quantity monitoring lever 28 passes through one end of the seed filling box bottom plate 29 and tilts upward, passes through one end of the support box 33 and descends, and the proximity switch 32 receives the descending signal of the iron sheet 28. When the continuous signal is received for 2s, the PLC 13 starts the stepper motor 21 to drive the seed supply roller 16 to rotate 51.42° to provide 1.5kg of quantitative seeds for the seed filling box 12.

[0012] The seed cleaning piece group 40 is installed at the lower end of the transition area a of the seed metering device 1, and cleans the blocked seeds and dust in the sockets 41 in real time as the seed metering device operates.

[0013] The communication lines of the optical fiber transmitting sensor 50 and the optical fiber receiving sensor 46 are connected to the interface of the signal amplifier 44. The communication line of the signal amplifier 44 is connected to the input end of the PLC13 to transmit the sensor monitoring signal to the PLC13. The time interval and the length of time the signal is blocked when the seeds continuously pass through the sensor monitoring area are counted to judge the seeding machine's missed sowing and re-seeding and seed guide tube blockage conditions, and adjust the shooting distance through the functional relationship between the seeding machine's operating time and the shooting distance between the optical fiber transmitting sensor 50 and the optical fiber receiving sensor 46, thereby controlling the signal strength of the optical fiber sensor and maintaining the monitoring accuracy of the seeding machine's seeding monitoring device.

[0014] The seed meter speed sensor 62 is connected to the input port of PLC13, monitors the rotation pulse frequency of the seed meter speed measuring magnetic plate 59, transmits the pulse signal to PLC13 for speed reading and calculation, converts it into the seed meter speed, compares it with the theoretical speed, and determines the operation status of the seed meter; and converts the seed meter speed calculation into the theoretical seeding time interval of Panax notoginseng seeds, and provides it for comparison with the time interval when the seeding signal between the optical fiber transmitting sensor 50 and the optical fiber receiving sensor 46 is continuously blocked.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] 1. The fiber optic sensors arranged in a matrix can accurately cover the entire cross-section of the seed guide tube, and the monitoring range is reasonable and reliable. The functional relationship between the seeder operation time and the optical fiber transmitting sensor and the optical fiber receiving sensor is used to adjust the shooting distance to maintain the monitoring accuracy of the seeder seeding monitoring device, improve the sensor's ability to resist dust interference, and solve the problem that the fiber optic sensor's monitoring accuracy is affected by dust. After adjustment, the monitoring accuracy of missed seeding and replay can be continuously maintained at above 94%.

[0017] 2. In order to solve the problem of poor seeding performance caused by poor seed filling effect of the seed filling box, the quantitative seed supply device designed in the present invention can always keep the seed amount in the seed box in the optimal state, and the seed filling success rate reaches 98%. The designed special-shaped seed box can provide Panax notoginseng seeds to the seed supply roller without blocking the seeds or damaging the planting land.

[0018] 3. The seed-clearing piece is installed at the lower end of the transition zone a of the seed meter. It can clean out the Panax notoginseng seeds stuck in the socket with less force and less friction at a lower seed damage rate. The seed-clearing success rate is 98.67%, and the seed damage rate does not exceed 7%.

[0019] 4. During the operation of the seeder, sound and light alarms can be issued for faults such as blockage of the seed guide tube, failure of the seed meter transmission, and failure of the reseeding rate and missed seeding rate to remind the operator in time.

[0020] 5. The speed monitoring device of the seeding machine monitors the speed of the seeding machine in real time. When the transmission of the seeding machine fails, it will promptly alarm and shut down the machine, thus providing guarantee for the operation safety of the seeder. The speed monitoring value is also used as the time window of the reseeding and missed seeding monitoring module to improve the monitoring accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seeding performance monitoring system for the Panax notoginseng precision seeder.

[0022] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of electric control cabinet layout

[0023] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of quantitative seed supply device B

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the seed quantity monitoring device 22 for the seed filling box

[0025] Figure 5 Installation diagram of the lever limiter

[0026] Figure 6 The top view of the installation of the proximity switch 32

[0027] Figure 7 Front view of quantitative seed supply device B

[0028] Figure 8 Front view of the stepper motor 21 installation

[0029] Fig. 9 A side view of the seed socket cleaning device C

[0030] Fig.10 A front view of the seed socket cleaning device C

[0031] Fig.11 The structural diagram of the seeding monitoring device D for the seeder

[0032] Fig.12 Top view of the sensor layout for seeding monitoring

[0033] Fig.13 Front view of the layout of the sensor for seed monitoring

[0034] Fig.14 The schematic diagram of the structure of the seed meter speed monitoring device E

[0035] Fig.15 Schematic diagram for connecting components of monitoring system

[0036] Fig.16 Installation diagram of components of the seeding performance monitoring system for Panax notoginseng precision seeder

[0037] Fig.17Workflow diagram of the seeding performance monitoring system for Panax notoginseng precision seeder

[0038] Among them: A. Electric control cabinet B. Quantitative seed supply device C. Seed hole cleaning device D. Seeder seeding monitoring device E. Seeder speed monitoring device 1. Seeder 2. Seed filling box 3. Support bracket Ⅰ 4. Frame 5. Seed guide tube 6. Buzzer 7. Switch power supply 8. Display 9. Box 10. Inverter 11. Stepper motor driver 12. Servo motor driver 13. PLC 14. Special-shaped seed box 15. Box plate Ⅱ 16. Seed supply roller 17. Roller shaft 18. Box plate Ⅲ 19. Gear Ⅰ

[0039] 20. Fixed plate I 21. Stepper motor 22. Seed quantity monitoring device for seed filling box 23. Seed supply plate 24. Gear II 25. Box plate I 26. Lever limiting plate I 27. Lever limiting support shaft 28. Lever 29. Seed filling box bottom plate 30. Iron sheet 31. Bracket I 32. Proximity switch 33. Support box 34. Lever limiting plate II 35. Support bracket II 36. Bearing pair 37. Bracket II

[0040] 38. Screw I 39. Screw II 40. Seed cleaning sheet set 41. Socket 42. Servo motor 43. Fixing plate II 44. Signal amplifier 45. Sensor bracket 46. Fiber optic receiving sensor 47. Vertical bearing II 48. Transmission shaft II 49. Pulley II 50. Fiber optic transmitting sensor 51. Belt 52. Transmission shaft I 53. Gear IV 54. Pulley I 55. Vertical bearing III 56. Gear III 57. Vertical bearing IV 58. Vertical bearing I 59. Speed ​​measuring magnetic sheet set 60. Nut 61. Bracket III

[0041] 62. Speed ​​sensor a. Seeder transition zone DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 14As shown, the Panax notoginseng precision seeder seeding performance monitoring system of the present invention, wherein the Panax notoginseng precision seeder is provided with a seeding device 1, a seed filling box 2, a support bracket Ⅰ3, a frame 4, a seed guide tube 5 and a support bracket Ⅱ35, the present invention is composed of an electric control cabinet A, a quantitative seed supply device B, a seed hole cleaning device C, a seeding monitoring device D for the seeder and a speed monitoring device E for the seeding device, wherein the box body 9 of the electric control cabinet A is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the frame 4; the bracket Ⅰ31, the box plate Ⅰ25, and the box plate of the quantitative seed supply device B The front and rear ends of the box plate Ⅱ15 and the box plate Ⅲ18 are respectively fixed to the inner walls of the support bracket Ⅰ3 and the support bracket Ⅱ35; the seed supply roller 16 of the quantitative seed supply device B is located between the inner walls of the support bracket Ⅰ3 and the support bracket Ⅱ35, the roller shaft 17 of the quantitative seed supply device B and the inner wall of the support bracket Ⅰ3 and the support bracket Ⅱ35 are connected by a bearing pair 36, and the fixed plate Ⅰ20 of the quantitative seed supply device B is fixed to the frame 4; the bracket Ⅱ37 of the socket cleaning device C is fixed to the seeder frame 4 through screws Ⅰ38, and the socket cleaning device C is fixed to the seeder frame 4 through screws Ⅰ38. The seed cleaning piece group 40 of the device C corresponds to the seeding device socket 41 of the seeding device 1 in the Panax notoginseng precision seeding machine; the optical fiber transmitting sensor 50 and the optical fiber receiving sensor 46 of the seeding monitoring device D of the seeding machine are projected on both sides of the wall of the seed guide tube 5, the fixing plate II 43 of the seeding monitoring device D of the seeding machine is fixedly connected to the frame 4, the signal amplifier 44 of the seeding monitoring device D of the seeding machine is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the right side of the frame 4, and the front and rear ends of the sensor bracket 45 of the seeding monitoring device D of the seeding machine are fixedly connected to the frame 4, and the support surface is 1.5 meters away from the frame 4. The vertical distance of the seeding port of the seeding device 1 is 30-60mm. The outer rings of the vertical bearing Ⅰ58, vertical bearing Ⅱ47, vertical bearing Ⅲ55 and vertical bearing Ⅳ57 of the seeding monitoring device D of the seeder are respectively fixed to the lower end of the frame 4; the speed measuring magnetic piece group 59 of the seeding device speed monitoring device E is evenly arranged on the circumferential surface of the front end of the seeding device 1, the speed sensor 62 of the seeding device speed monitoring device E is installed at the front lower end of the seeding device 1, and the bracket Ⅲ61 of the seeding device speed monitoring device E is fixed to the right end surface of the frame 4.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, the electric control cabinet A is composed of a buzzer group 6, a switching power supply 7, a display 8, a box 9, a frequency converter 10, a stepper motor driver 11, a servo motor driver 12 and a PLC 13, wherein the buzzer group 6 is composed of four buzzers, which are fixed to the rear end of the upper surface of the box 9; the display 8 is fixed to the front end of the upper surface of the box 9; the switching power supply 7 and the stepper motor driver 11 are arranged up and down and placed in the middle of the box 9; the PLC 13 and the servo motor driver 12 are arranged up and down and placed in the rear end of the box 9; the frequency converter 10 is placed in the front end of the box 9.

[0045] like Figure 3-Figure 8As shown, the quantitative seed supply device B is composed of a special-shaped seed box 14, a seed supply roller 16, a roller shaft 17, a gear I 19, a fixing plate I 20, a stepping motor 21, a seed filling box seed quantity monitoring device 22, a seed supply piece 23 and a gear II 24; the special-shaped seed box 14 is composed of a box plate II 15, a box plate III 18, a box plate I 25 and a seed filling box bottom plate 29, the box plate I 25 is 30-45° to the horizontal plane, the box plate II 15 is 40-55° to the horizontal plane, and the box plate II 15 is fixedly connected to the box plate III 18, the lower end of the box plate III 18 is seamlessly connected to the upper end of the seed filling box bottom plate 29, and the seed filling box bottom plate 29 is 30-45 degrees with the horizontal plane; the seed filling box seed quantity monitoring device 22 is composed of a lever limiting piece I 26, a lever limiting piece II 34, a lever limiting support shaft 27, a lever 28, an iron sheet 30, a bracket I 31, a proximity switch 32 and a support box 33, and the support box 33 is a box structure, and the top of the support box 33 is fixedly connected to the back of the seed filling box bottom plate 29 The front and rear ends of the lever limiting support shaft 27 are respectively fixed to the inner walls of the front and rear plates of the support box 33. The lever 28 is in the form of a sheet. The middle part of the lever 28 is round and is sleeved in the middle part of the lever limiting support shaft 27. The right end of the lever 28 passes through the support box 33, and the left end of the lever 28 passes through the bottom plate 29 of the seed filling box. The iron sheet 30 is fixed to the back of the right end of the lever 28. The proximity switch 32 is located 5-15mm below the iron sheet 30 and is fixed to the middle of the bracket I 31. The lever limiting sheet I 26 The lever limiting piece II 34 is respectively located at the front and rear ends of the part of the lever 28 passing through the bottom plate 29 of the seed filling box, and its bottom end is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 29 of the seed filling box. Seven seed supply pieces 23 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the seed supply drum 16. The center of the seed supply drum 16 is spline-fixed to the drum shaft 17. The front end of the drum shaft 17 is fixedly connected to the gear II 24. The output shaft of the stepper motor 21 is fixedly connected to the gear I 19. The gear II 24 and the gear I 19 are chain-connected. The stepper motor 21 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate I 20.

[0046] like Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, the socket seed cleaning device C is composed of a bracket II 37, a screw I 38, a screw II 39 and a seed cleaning piece group 40. The seed cleaning piece group 40 is composed of 28 seed cleaning pieces, each of which is 3-5 cm long and 0.4 cm wide. The tip of the seed cleaning piece is bent 50-80° in the operating direction of the seed meter at 0.5-2 cm, and extends into the bottom of the socket 41 of the seed meter. The seed cleaning piece group 40 is fixedly connected to the bracket II 37 via screws II 39.

[0047] like Figure 11-13As shown, the seeding monitoring device D of the planter is composed of a servo motor 42, a fixing plate II 43, a signal amplifier 44, a sensor bracket 45, an optical fiber receiving sensor 46, a vertical bearing II 47, a transmission shaft II 48, a pulley II 49, an optical fiber transmitting sensor 50, a belt 51, a transmission shaft I 52, a gear IV 53, a pulley I 54, a vertical bearing III 55, a gear III 56, a vertical bearing IV 57 and a vertical bearing I 58. The gear III 56 is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor 42, the gear IV 53 and the gear III 56 are chain-driven, the servo motor 42 is fixedly connected to the fixing plate II 43, the optical fiber transmitting sensor 50 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the belt 51, and the optical fiber receiving sensor 46 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the sensor bracket 45, the communication lines of the optical fiber transmitting sensor 50 and the optical fiber receiving sensor 46 are connected to the interface of the signal amplifier 44, the communication line of the signal amplifier 44 is connected to the input end of the PLC13, the pulley Ⅰ54 and the gear Ⅳ53 are fixedly connected to the transmission shaft Ⅰ52, the pulley Ⅱ49 is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft Ⅱ48, the pulley Ⅰ54 and the pulley Ⅱ49 are chain driven by the belt 51, the two ends of the transmission shaft Ⅰ52 are connected to the vertical bearing Ⅲ55 and the vertical bearing Ⅳ57, the two ends of the transmission shaft Ⅱ48 are connected to the vertical bearing Ⅰ58 and the vertical bearing Ⅱ47, and the belt rotation area is the sensor monitoring distance scale range marked with a range of 2cm in units of 2mm on the belt 51.

[0048] like Fig.14 As shown, the seed metering device speed monitoring device E is composed of a speed measuring magnetic plate group 59, a nut 60, a bracket III 61 and a speed sensor 62, wherein the speed measuring magnetic plate group 59 is composed of 10-20 speed measuring magnetic plates, the distance between the speed sensor 62 and the speed measuring magnetic plate group 59 is 3mm-11mm, and the speed sensor 62 is fixedly connected through the bracket III 61 via the nut 60.

[0049] like Fig.15 and Fig.16 As shown, the Panax notoginseng precision seeder monitors the missed sowing, reseeding and seed guide tube blockage of the seeder through the optical fiber transmitting sensor 50 and the optical fiber receiving sensor 46; monitors the speed of the seed meter 1 through the seed meter speed sensor 62, and determines the operating status of the seed meter; monitors the seed amount in the seed filling box 2 through the proximity switch 32. When the seed amount is less than the optimal seed filling amount, the PLC 13 controls the stepper motor 21 to drive the seed supply roller 16 to supply seeds to the seed filling box 2 in a quantitative manner; and displays the monitored seed amount, missed sowing rate, reseeding rate, seed meter speed and other values ​​to farmers through the display 8 at all times, and uses the buzzer group 6 to sound and light alarm for abnormal conditions such as missed sowing rate, reseeding rate, seed meter speed not being within the set range and seed guide tube blockage; the socket seed cleaning piece group 40 can clean the Panax notoginseng seeds blocked in the socket 41 in real time in the transition zone a of the seed meter 1.

[0050] like Fig.17As shown, after the seeder is started, the seed metering device eye 41 is cleared of seeds, and the monitoring system is reset to zero. Before the seeder operates, the quantitative seed supply device B first monitors whether the seed amount in the seed filling box 2 is within the optimal range. If the seed amount is insufficient, the stepper motor 21 is started to drive the seed supply roller 16 to supply the Panax notoginseng seeds in the special-shaped seed box 14 to the seed filling box 2 of the seeder, and the sowing operation is started until the Panax notoginseng seed amount in the seed filling box 2 is within the optimal seed filling range. During the operation, the Panax notoginseng seed amount in the seed filling box 2 is monitored in real time. During the operation of the seeder, the monitoring system simultaneously performs missed sowing and re-seeding, seed guide tube blockage, and seed meter rotation speed monitoring, and seed supply to the seed filling box and clearing of seeds in the eye.

[0051] The seeder is monitored for missed sowing, reseeding and blockage of the seed guide tube by means of the optical fiber transmitting sensor 50 and the optical fiber receiving sensor 46. The missed sowing and reseeding monitoring program is started from the time when the first Panax notoginseng seed is monitored. Each time the optical fiber sensor detects a seed drop signal, the time interval between the last seed drop is determined. If the time interval is greater than the theoretical seed drop interval, the integer ratio of the time interval to the theoretical seed drop interval is recorded as the number of missed sowings, and the missed sowing rate is calculated. If the time interval is less than the theoretical seed drop interval, it is determined whether the time interval is within the range of the theoretical seed drop interval. If it is within the specified range, it is recorded as the number of qualified sowings, otherwise, it is recorded as the number of reseedings, and the reseeding rate is calculated. If the monitoring signals of the optical fiber transmitting sensor 50 and the optical fiber receiving sensor 46 are continuously blocked for ≥2s, it is determined that the seed guide tube is blocked. When the missed sowing rate or the reseeding rate is less than 90% or the seed guide tube 5 is blocked, the monitoring system starts the buzzer 6 for sound and light alarm and shuts down for processing.

[0052] During the operation of the seeder, the seed meter speed sensor 62 monitors the rotation pulse frequency of the speed measuring magnetic plate 59, and converts the pulse frequency into the seed meter rotation speed to determine whether the rotation speed is within the specified range. If it exceeds this range, it is determined as a seed meter rotation failure, an audible and visual alarm is issued, and the emergency stop program is started to stop the operation of the seeder.

Claims

1. A system for monitoring the seeding performance of a Panax notoginseng precision seeder, wherein the Panax notoginseng precision seeder is provided with a seeding device (1), a seed filling box (2), a support bracket I (3), a frame (4), a seed guide tube (5) and a support bracket II (35), characterized in that: The invention is composed of an electric control cabinet (A), a quantitative seed supply device (B), a seed hole cleaning device (C), a seeding monitoring device (D) and a seeding device speed monitoring device (E), wherein the quantitative seed supply device (B) is composed of a special-shaped seed box (14), a seed supply roller (16), a roller shaft (17), a gear I (19), a fixing plate I (20), a stepping motor (21), a seed filling box seed quantity monitoring device (22), a seed supply sheet (23) and a gear II (24); the special-shaped seed box (14) is composed of a box plate II (15), a box plate III (18), a box plate I (25) and a seed filling box bottom plate (29), the box plate I (25) is at an angle of 30-45° to the horizontal plane, and the box plate II (15) is at an angle of 40-55° to the horizontal plane. The box plate II (15) is fixedly connected to the box plate III (18), the lower end of the box plate III (18) is seamlessly connected to the upper end of the seed filling box bottom plate (29), and the seed filling box bottom plate (29) is 30-45 degrees to the horizontal plane; the seed filling box seed quantity monitoring device (22) is composed of a lever limiting plate I (26), a lever limiting plate II (34), a lever limiting support shaft (27), a lever (28), an iron sheet (30), a bracket I (31), a proximity switch (32) and a support box (33), the support box (33) is a box structure, the top of the support box (33) is fixedly connected to the back of the seed filling box bottom plate (29), the front and rear ends of the lever limiting support shaft (27) are respectively fixedly connected to the front and rear plate inner walls of the support box (33), the lever (28) is a sheet, and the lever limiting support shaft (27) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the front and rear plates of the support box (33). The middle part of the rod (28) is circular and is sleeved on the middle part of the lever limiting support shaft (27). The right end of the lever (28) passes through the support box (33), and the left end of the lever (28) passes through the bottom plate (29) of the seed filling box. The iron sheet (30) is fixedly connected to the back of the right end of the lever (28). The proximity switch (32) is located 5-15 mm below the iron sheet (30) and is fixedly connected to the middle of the bracket I (31). The lever limiting sheet I (26) and the lever limiting sheet II (34) are respectively located at the front and rear ends of the part of the lever (28) passing through the bottom plate (29) of the seed filling box, and the bottom ends thereof are fixedly connected to the bottom plate (29) of the seed filling box. Seven seed supply sheets (23) are evenly distributed on the circumference of the seed supply roller (16), and the center of the seed supply roller (16) is spline-fixed with the roller shaft (17). The front end of the drum shaft (17) is fixedly connected to the gear II (24), the output shaft of the stepper motor (21) is fixedly connected to the gear I (19), and the gear II (24) and the gear I (19) are chain-connected; the stepper motor (21) is fixedly connected to the fixing plate I (20); the seed-clearing device (C) is composed of a bracket II (37), a screw I (38), a screw II (39) and a seed-clearing piece group (40), the seed-clearing piece group (40) is composed of 28 seed-clearing pieces, each seed-clearing piece is 3-5 cm long and 0.4 cm wide, and the tip of the seed-clearing piece is bent 50-80 degrees toward the operation direction of the seed-dispensing device at 0.5-2 cm, and extends into the bottom of the seed-dispensing device socket (41), and the seed-clearing piece group (40) is fixedly connected to the bracket II (37) via the screw II (39);The seeding monitoring device (D) for a planter comprises a servo motor (42), a fixing plate II (43), a signal amplifier (44), a sensor bracket (45), an optical fiber receiving sensor (46), a vertical bearing II (47), a transmission shaft II (48), a pulley II (49), an optical fiber transmitting sensor (50), a belt (51), a transmission shaft I (52), a gear IV (53), a pulley I (54), a vertical bearing III (55), a gear III (56), a vertical bearing IV (57) and a vertical bearing I (58), wherein the gear III (56) is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor (42), and the gear IV (53) is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor (42). and a gear III (56) chain drive, a servo motor (42) is fixedly connected to a fixed plate II (43), an optical fiber transmitting sensor (50) is fixedly connected to an upper surface of a belt (51), an optical fiber receiving sensor (46) is fixedly connected to an upper surface of a sensor bracket (45), a communication line between the optical fiber transmitting sensor (50) and the optical fiber receiving sensor (46) is connected to an interface of a signal amplifier (44), a communication line of the signal amplifier (44) is connected to an input end of a PLC (13), a pulley I (54) and a gear IV (53) are fixedly connected to a transmission shaft I (52), a pulley II (49) is fixedly connected to a transmission shaft II (48), a pulley I (54) is connected to a pulley II (49) is driven by a belt (51) chain, the two ends of the transmission shaft I (52) are connected to the vertical bearing III (55) and the vertical bearing IV (57), the two ends of the transmission shaft II (48) are connected to the vertical bearing I (58) and the vertical bearing II (47), and the belt rotation area is the sensor monitoring distance scale range marked with a 2 cm range in units of 2 mm on the belt (51); the box body (9) of the electric control cabinet (A) is fixed to the upper surface of the frame (4); the front and rear ends of the support bracket I (31), the box plate I (25), the box plate II (15) and the box plate III (18) of the quantitative seed supply device (B) are respectively connected to the support bracket I (3) and the support bracket II (3 5) the inner wall is fixed; the seed supply roller (16) of the quantitative seed supply device (B) is located between the inner wall of the support bracket I (3) and the support bracket II (35); the roller shaft (17) of the quantitative seed supply device (B) and the inner wall of the support bracket I (3) and the support bracket II (35) are connected by a bearing pair (36); the fixing plate I (20) of the quantitative seed supply device (B) is fixed to the frame (4); the bracket II (37) of the socket seed cleaning device (C) is fixed to the seeder frame (4) via screws I (38); the seed cleaning piece group (40) of the socket seed cleaning device (C) corresponds to the seeding device socket (41) of the seeding device (1) in the Panax notoginseng precision seeder;The optical fiber transmitting sensor (50) and the optical fiber receiving sensor (46) of the seeding monitoring device (D) of the seeding machine are projected on both sides of the wall of the seed guide tube (5), the fixing plate II (43) of the seeding monitoring device (D) of the seeding machine is fixedly connected to the frame (4), the signal amplifier (44) of the seeding monitoring device (D) of the seeding machine is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the right side of the frame (4), and the front and rear ends of the sensor bracket (45) of the seeding monitoring device (D) of the seeding machine are fixedly connected to the frame (4), and the vertical distance between the support surface and the seeding port of the seeding device (1) is 30-60 mm, the outer rings of the vertical bearing I (58), vertical bearing II (47), vertical bearing III (55) and vertical bearing IV (57) of the seeding machine seeding monitoring device (D) are respectively fixed to the lower end of the frame (4); the speed measuring magnetic plate group (59) of the seeding device speed monitoring device (E) is evenly arranged on the front circumference of the seeding device (1), the speed sensor (62) of the seeding device speed monitoring device (E) is installed at the front lower end of the seeding device (1), and the bracket III (61) of the seeding device speed monitoring device (E) is fixed to the right end surface of the frame (4). ; 2. The seeding performance monitoring system of Panax notoginseng precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric control cabinet (A) is composed of a buzzer group (6), a switching power supply (7), a display (8), a box (9), a frequency converter (10), a stepper motor driver (11), a servo motor driver (12) and a PLC (13), wherein the buzzer group (6) is composed of four buzzers and is fixedly connected to the rear end of the upper surface of the box (9); the display (8) is fixedly connected to the front end of the upper surface of the box (9); the switching power supply (7) and the stepper motor driver (11) are arranged up and down and are placed in the middle of the box (9); the PLC (13) and the servo motor driver (12) are arranged up and down and are placed in the rear end of the box (9); and the frequency converter (10) is placed in the front end of the box (9).

3. The seeding performance monitoring system of Panax notoginseng precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed metering device speed monitoring device (E) is composed of a speed measuring magnetic sheet group (59), a nut (60), a bracket III (61) and a speed sensor (62), wherein the speed measuring magnetic sheet group (59) is composed of 10-20 speed measuring magnetic sheets, the distance between the speed sensor (62) and the speed measuring magnetic sheet group (59) is 3mm-11mm, and the speed sensor (62) is fixedly connected to the bracket III (61) through the nut (60).

Images