A composite energy-dissipating seismic isolation device

Abstract

The present invention provides a composite energy-dissipating seismic isolation device. It includes an upper support plate, a lower support plate, a friction slider and a buffer unit; the upper surface of the lower support plate is an inner concave surface, the inner concave surface is a basin-shaped structure, the center of the inner concave surface is a circular plane, and the surrounding of the circular plane is a curved surface; one end of the friction slider is movably arranged at the center of the inner concave surface of the lower support plate, and the other end of the friction slider is movably connected to the upper support plate; one end of the buffer unit extends into the lower surface of the upper support plate, and the other end of the buffer unit contacts the inner concave surface of the lower support plate. The present invention adopts a plane joint friction slider, which effectively avoids the occurrence of the "lifting beam" problem. During the swinging process, the joint friction slider and the lower support plate move relative to each other, and the polytetrafluoroethylene plate at the lower part of the joint friction slider and the circular plane sliding surface of the lower support plate generate sliding friction to consume seismic energy; the introduction of a buffer unit composed of a spring, a damper, a slider and a steel ball greatly improves the ability to consume seismic energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bridge seismic reduction and isolation, and in particular to a composite energy-consuming seismic reduction and isolation device. Background Art

[0002] Earthquake disasters in recent years have shown that once an earthquake causes serious damage to transportation lines, the loss of life, property and indirect economic losses may become increasingly huge. As an important throat of the transportation network, the seismic performance of bridges is related to the smooth flow of the entire transportation lifeline, which in turn affects the speed of earthquake relief and post-disaster reconstruction. Therefore, the seismic research of bridge structures has always been a hot topic of concern to scholars.

[0003] The seismic design method of bridges has gone through the traditional strength seismic theory, ductility seismic theory and seismic isolation technology theory. Among them, seismic isolation technology is a simple, economical and advanced engineering seismic means. By selecting appropriate seismic isolation devices and setting positions, the internal force distribution of the structure can be effectively controlled.

[0004] At present, the seismic isolation bearings widely used in bridge structures are mainly of the following types: pot-type rubber bearings, lead core rubber bearings and friction pendulum seismic isolation bearings.

[0005] The basin-type rubber bearing utilizes the elastic rubber block in the semi-enclosed steel basin cavity, which has the properties of a fluid under three-dimensional force state, to realize the rotation of the upper structure; at the same time, it relies on the low friction coefficient between the polytetrafluoroethylene plate on the middle steel plate and the stainless steel plate on the upper seat plate to realize the horizontal displacement of the upper structure. The basin-type rubber bearing has the advantages of large bearing capacity, large horizontal displacement, small friction coefficient, large rotation angle, low bearing building height, and saving steel. However, the rubber in the bearing component is easy to age and needs to be replaced frequently, which increases the cost of the bearing; in order to meet the normal use of the rubber bearing, shear keys of the block type are often set around the bearing, and under the actual earthquake, the bearing and the blocks on both sides are stuck and fail to move normally. It also happens from time to time; not only that, it is difficult to achieve self-reset after the earthquake.

[0006] Lead rubber bearings are ordinary plate rubber bearings with one or more lead rods inserted into them. The addition of lead rods increases the horizontal shear resistance of the bearings and also greatly improves the damping performance of the bearings. Lead rubber bearings bear vertical and horizontal loads, causing the lead core to undergo plastic deformation with hysteresis damping, and provide horizontal restoring force through the rubber. The hysteresis curve of the lead rubber bearing is full, which gives it a good damping effect. However, rubber hardens under low temperature conditions, and the lead core will cause irreparable pollution to the environment during production and use. The stability of a single lead core is poor, and the lead core will undergo fatigue shear failure under the action of temperature and traffic loads (low-cycle fatigue), which will cause a significant decrease in the damping performance of the bearing.

[0007] The friction pendulum isolation bearing is essentially a friction damping bearing. Its working principle is that during an earthquake, the swinging slider in the center of the bearing swings and displaces along the concave spherical surface of the lower bearing plate, using the pendulum mechanism to extend the natural vibration period of the structure, and using the friction between the sliding layers to consume the seismic energy, thereby reducing the effect of the seismic force. After the earthquake, the bearing has good self-resetting ability under the gravity of the superstructure. However, general friction pendulum bearings will cause the superstructure to rise under the action of an earthquake, which may cause damage to the pavement layer or track structure. In addition, the limit device on one side may be sheared off, while the limit device on the other side may not be sheared off, which will cause the superstructure to always swing on one side of the initial position.

[0008] In summary, there is an urgent need for a composite energy-dissipating seismic isolation device to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite energy-consuming seismic isolation device to solve some problems existing in the existing seismic isolation technology.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a composite energy-absorbing and seismic isolation device, including an upper support plate, a lower support plate, a friction slider and a buffer unit; the upper surface of the lower support plate is a concave surface, the concave surface is a basin-shaped structure, the center of the concave surface is a circular plane, and the surrounding of the circular plane is a curved surface; one end of the friction slider is movably arranged at the center of the concave surface of the lower support plate, and the other end of the friction slider is movably connected to the upper support plate.

[0011] Preferably, the lower surface of the upper support plate has a boss, a plurality of blind holes are opened on the surface of the boss, one end of the buffer unit extends into the blind hole, and the other end of the buffer unit contacts the inner concave surface of the lower support plate.

[0012] Preferably, a retaining ring is provided on the upper surface of the lower support plate, and the retaining ring is located around the inner concave surface of the lower support plate.

[0013] Preferably, the retaining ring is surrounded by a pin support platform, and a pin hole is provided at a position of the upper support plate opposite to the pin support platform; one end of the pin extends into the pin hole, and the other end of the pin is supported on the pin support platform.

[0014] Preferably, the lower surface of the friction slider in contact with the lower support plate is a plane, and a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene plate is attached to the lower surface; the upper surface of the friction slider is a convex spherical surface, and a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene plate is attached to the convex spherical surface; the center of the lower surface of the upper support plate has a concave spherical surface that matches the convex spherical surface of the friction slider.

[0015] Preferably, the buffer unit includes a spring, a damper, a slider and a steel ball; one end of the slider is connected to one end of the damper, and the other end of the slider has a concave spherical surface matching the steel ball; the other end of the damper is arranged in a blind hole; the spring is sleeved on the damper, one end of the spring is in contact with the slider, and the other end of the spring is arranged in the blind hole.

[0016] Preferably, the damper is a fluid viscous damper.

[0017] Preferably, the spring is of spiral type.

[0018] Preferably, a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene plate is attached to the outer surface and the concave spherical surface of the slider, and the outer diameter of the slider matches the inner diameter of the blind hole.

[0019] Preferably, the upper support plate is provided with a first anchor bolt hole for connecting to the upper structure of the bridge; the lower support plate is provided with a second anchor bolt hole for connecting to the lower structure of the bridge.

[0020] The application of the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) The main structure of the present invention is made of materials such as steel and polymer. Rubber and lead are avoided, and there are no problems of rubber aging, serious lead pollution, and fatigue damage of lead. Steel is an isotropic material with high tensile, compressive and shear resistance, and the manufacturing technology is mature; the polymer material is preferably polytetrafluoroethylene, which forms a movable friction pair with a stainless steel plate or a steel ball and has good sliding friction performance.

[0022] (2) The present invention adopts a plane joint friction slider, which effectively avoids the occurrence of the "lifting beam" problem. During the swinging process, the joint friction slider and the lower support plate move relative to each other, and the polytetrafluoroethylene plate at the bottom of the joint friction slider and the circular plane sliding surface of the lower support plate generate sliding friction, which consumes seismic energy.

[0023] (3) The present invention introduces a buffer unit consisting of a spring, a damper, a slider and a steel ball. The spring is of spiral type. When the displacement of the upper and lower structures is large, the spring on one side is highly compressed to provide a large reaction force for self-reset. The damper adopts a fluid viscous damper, which does not work under normal use. It works in parallel with the spring under the action of an earthquake to consume seismic energy. The upper part of the spring and the damper is connected to the bottom of the blind hole. The slider is connected in series with the parallel system formed by the spring and the damper. A layer of polytetrafluoroethylene plate is attached to the outer side of the slider in an annular direction, and a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene plate is attached to the concave spherical surface of the lower part to consume seismic energy through friction.

[0024] (4) The present invention adopts a detachable shear pin design, where one end of the pin extends into the pin hole and the other end of the pin is supported on the pin support platform. Under the action of an earthquake, when the shear pin on one side is sheared off and the position of the shear pin hole on the other side is located outside the pin support platform, the shear pin on the other side falls under the action of gravity, and the superstructure can swing freely on both sides of the initial position.

[0025] In addition to the above-described purposes, features and advantages, the present invention has other purposes, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 It is a disassembled three-dimensional diagram of the support;

[0028] Figure 2 It is the center section elevation view of the support;

[0029] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional graph of the buffer unit;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a cutaway three-dimensional diagram of the buffer unit;

[0031] Among them, 1-upper support plate, 11-first anchor bolt hole, 12-pin hole, 13-boss, 14-blind hole, 15-concave spherical surface, 2-lower support plate, 21-second anchor bolt hole, 22-pin support platform, 23-retaining ring, 3-friction slider, 4-steel ball, 5-damper, 6-spring, 7-slider, 8-pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

[0033] Embodiment 1:

[0034] See also Figure 1 to Figure 4 , a composite energy-absorbing and seismic isolation device, this embodiment is applied to bridge structures.

[0035] A composite energy-absorbing and seismic isolation device comprises an upper support plate 1, a lower support plate 2, a friction slider 3 and a buffer unit; the upper surface of the lower support plate 2 is an inner concave surface, the inner concave surface is a basin-shaped structure, the center of the inner concave surface is a circular plane, and the surrounding of the circular plane is a curved surface; one end of the friction slider 3 is movably arranged at the center of the inner concave surface of the lower support plate 2, and the other end of the friction slider 3 is movably connected to the upper support plate 1.

[0036] The lower surface of the upper support plate 1 has a boss 13, and a plurality of blind holes 14 are opened on the surface of the boss 13. One end of the buffer unit extends into the blind hole, and the other end of the buffer unit contacts the inner concave surface of the lower support plate.

[0037] The upper surface of the lower support plate 2 is provided with a retaining ring 23, which is located around the inner concave surface of the lower support plate 2. The retaining ring 23 is surrounded by a pin support platform 22, and the upper support plate 1 is provided with a pin hole 12 at a position opposite to the pin support platform 22; one end of the pin 8 extends into the pin hole 12, and the other end of the pin 8 is supported on the pin support platform 22. The pin 8 is a shear pin.

[0038] The shear pin holes of the upper bearing plate only constrain the shear pins in the horizontal direction, and the pin support platform of the lower bearing plate only constrains the shear pins in the vertical direction. As far as the fixed bearing is concerned, the shear pins can withstand the horizontal forces generated under various normal use conditions without being damaged. Under the action of an earthquake, when the shear pins on one side are sheared off and the position of the shear pin holes on the other side is located outside the pin support platform, the shear pins on the other side fall under the action of gravity, and the upper structure can swing freely on both sides of the initial position.

[0039] When the present invention is used for a fixed support, shear pins are arranged in both horizontal directions. When the present invention is used for a one-way sliding support, shear pins are arranged in the fixed direction. When the present invention is used for a two-way sliding support, no shear pins are arranged.

[0040] The friction slider 3 is a plane joint friction slider. The lower surface of the friction slider 3 in contact with the lower support plate 2 is a plane, and a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene plate is attached to the lower surface so as to form a movable friction pair with the plane sliding surface of the lower support plate to consume earthquake energy. The upper surface of the friction slider 3 is a convex spherical surface, and a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene plate is attached to the convex spherical surface; the center of the lower surface of the upper support plate 1 has a concave spherical surface 15 matching the convex spherical surface of the friction slider 3.

[0041] The vertical bearing capacity can be met by adjusting the size of the concave spherical surface of the upper support plate and the size of the articulated friction slider. The concave spherical surface of the upper support plate and the convex spherical surface on the upper side of the articulated friction slider adopt the same curvature radius to ensure a safe and reliable vertical force transmission path. The design of leaving a gap between the upper support plate and the lower support plate retaining ring can release the corner of the beam end.

[0042] The buffer unit includes a spring 6, a damper 5, a slider 7 and a steel ball 4; one end of the slider 7 is connected to one end of the damper 5, and the other end of the slider 7 has a concave spherical surface matching the steel ball 4; the other end of the damper 5 is arranged in a blind hole 14; the spring 6 is sleeved on the damper 5, one end of the spring 6 is in contact with the slider 7, and the other end of the spring 6 is arranged in the blind hole 14.

[0043] The damper 5 is a fluid viscous damper; it does not work in normal use, but works in parallel with the spring under the action of an earthquake to consume earthquake energy.

[0044] The spring 6 is of spiral type; when the upper and lower structures are displaced greatly, the spring on one side is highly compressed, providing a greater reaction force for self-reset.

[0045] A layer of polytetrafluoroethylene is attached to the outer surface and concave spherical surface of the slider 7 to consume seismic energy through friction; the outer diameter of the slider 7 matches the inner diameter of the blind hole 14 .

[0046] The upper support plate 1 is provided with a first anchor bolt hole 11 for connecting to the upper structure of the bridge; the lower support plate 2 is provided with a second anchor bolt hole 21 for connecting to the lower structure of the bridge.

[0047] Under the action of earthquake, after the shear pin is cut off or falls off, the upper structure can swing freely within the displacement range allowed by the bearing. During the swinging process, the articulated friction slider moves relative to the lower bearing plate, and the polytetrafluoroethylene plate at the bottom of the articulated friction slider and the circular plane sliding surface of the lower bearing plate produce sliding friction, which consumes earthquake energy. During the swinging process, the buffer unit composed of springs, dampers, sliders and steel balls is always located on the curved surface of the lower bearing plate. The designed spiral spring is in a compressed state during the use of the bearing. When the relative position of the steel ball and the slider rises or falls rapidly, the reaction force generated by the compression of the spiral spring can well ensure the close contact between the slider and the steel ball and the curved surface of the lower bearing plate. The steel ball contacts the curved surface of the lower bearing plate and rolls on the curved surface; sliding friction is generated between the steel ball and the slider, which consumes earthquake energy. When the relative position of the steel ball and the slider rises or falls rapidly, the viscous damper piston and the oil cylinder produce rapid relative displacement, consuming seismic energy. At the same time, the circumferential polytetrafluoroethylene plate on the outer side of the slider and the inner wall of the blind hole have both radial mutual extrusion and vertical relative displacement, and the generated sliding friction can consume seismic energy. The limit displacement of the support is the distance from the edge of the boss of the upper support plate to the inner side of the retaining ring of the lower support plate at the initial position, which is less than or equal to the distance from the edge of the articulated friction slider at the initial position to the edge of the plane sliding surface of the lower support plate, so as to ensure that the articulated friction slider is within the range of the circular plane sliding surface under the limit displacement state, avoiding the lifting of the upper structure. After the earthquake, the compression degree of each spring is different. Under the action of the unbalanced spring compression reaction force, the upper structure moves toward the initial position and has good self-reset ability.

[0048] The present invention adopts a design of a buffer unit composed of a spring, a damper, a slider and a steel ball, and a detachable shear pin. The buffer unit composed of a spring, a damper, a slider and a steel ball is used in conjunction with a plane joint friction slider to effectively extend the natural vibration period of the structure, consume seismic energy, and avoid the occurrence of beam lifting problems. When the shear pins on one side are cut off and the position of the shear pin holes on the other side is located outside the pin support platform, the shear pins on the other side fall under the action of gravity, and the upper structure can swing freely on both sides of the initial position.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite energy-dissipating seismic isolation device, characterized in that: The invention comprises an upper support plate (1), a lower support plate (2), a friction slider (3) and a buffer unit; the upper surface of the lower support plate (2) is an inner concave surface, the inner concave surface is a basin-shaped structure, the center of the inner concave surface is a circular plane, and the periphery of the circular plane is a curved surface; one end of the friction slider (3) is movably arranged at the center of the inner concave surface of the lower support plate (2), and the other end of the friction slider (3) is movably connected to the upper support plate (1); A retaining ring (23) is provided on the upper surface of the lower support plate (2), and the retaining ring (23) is located around the inner concave surface of the lower support plate (2); The retaining ring (23) is surrounded by a pin support platform (22), and a pin hole (12) is provided at a position opposite to the pin support platform (22) on the upper support plate (1); one end of the pin (8) extends into the pin hole (12), and the other end of the pin (8) is supported on the pin support platform (22); The shear pin holes (12) of the upper support plate (2) only constrain the shear pins in the horizontal direction, and the pin support platform (22) of the lower support plate (2) only constrains the shear pins in the vertical direction.

2. A composite energy-absorbing and seismic-isolating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the upper support plate (1) has a boss (13), a plurality of blind holes (14) are formed on the surface of the boss (13), one end of the buffer unit extends into the blind hole (14), and the other end of the buffer unit contacts the inner concave surface of the lower support plate (2).

3. The composite energy dissipation seismic isolation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the friction slider (3) in contact with the lower support plate (2) is a plane, and a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene plate is attached to the lower surface; the upper surface of the friction slider (3) is a convex spherical surface, and a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene plate is attached to the convex spherical surface; the center of the lower surface of the upper support plate (1) has a concave spherical surface (15) matching the convex spherical surface of the friction slider (3).

4. A composite energy-absorbing and seismic-isolating device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The buffer unit comprises a spring (6), a damper (5), a slider (7) and a steel ball (4); one end of the slider (7) is connected to one end of the damper (5), and the other end of the slider (7) has a concave spherical surface matching the steel ball (4); the other end of the damper (5) is arranged in a blind hole (14); the spring (6) is sleeved on the damper (5), one end of the spring (6) is in contact with the slider (7), and the other end of the spring (6) is arranged in the blind hole (14).

5. A composite energy-absorbing and seismic-isolating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The damper (5) is a fluid viscous damper.

6. A composite energy dissipation seismic isolation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spring (6) is of spiral type.

7. A composite energy dissipation seismic isolation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A layer of polytetrafluoroethylene plate is attached to the outer surface and the concave spherical surface of the slider (7), and the outer diameter of the slider (7) matches the inner diameter of the blind hole (14).

8. A composite energy dissipation seismic isolation device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The upper support plate (1) is provided with a first anchor bolt hole (11) for connecting to the upper structure of the bridge; the lower support plate (2) is provided with a second anchor bolt hole (21) for connecting to the lower structure of the bridge.

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