A photovoltaic module

Abstract

The present invention discloses a photovoltaic module, which belongs to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology. The photovoltaic module provided by the present invention includes, in addition to a battery total module, an adapter module and a junction box group. The adapter module has a first input terminal, a second input terminal and an output terminal. The battery total module is connected in parallel through the second input terminal and the output terminal, and the output terminal is used to output the electric energy of the photovoltaic module. The junction box group includes a first junction box and a last junction box. The positive and negative poles of the first battery group are arranged in the first junction box, and the positive and negative poles of the last battery group are arranged in the last junction box; the adapter module is arranged in the first junction box or the last junction box, and the first junction box is connected to the last junction box. In this scheme, when an abnormality or disaster occurs, the output state of the photovoltaic module can be adjusted in time, thereby quickly reducing the output voltage of the photovoltaic module, which is convenient for disaster relief construction personnel to effectively control the disaster under the premise of ensuring the personal safety of disaster relief construction personnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and in particular to a photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic panels convert solar energy into electrical energy and transmit the electrical energy to power supply stations.

[0003] Photovoltaic modules can be directly connected to power stations, that is, the output voltage of the photovoltaic modules is equal to the input voltage of the power station. In order to make the output voltage of the photovoltaic modules reach hundreds or even thousands of volts, the cells can be connected in series to form a battery pack, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, several battery packs are connected in series and arranged in sequence, and each battery pack has a corresponding junction box. All the battery packs are connected in series and then connected to the power supply station by connecting the junction boxes in series in sequence. Due to the rapid growth of the photovoltaic module market demand and the rapid development of photovoltaic module technology, solar photovoltaic power stations have been widely distributed around the world. However, with the increase of power stations, the reliability problems of some power stations have gradually been exposed. Sometimes fires are caused by power station reliability problems. Due to the high voltage of the component system, even up to 1500V, it brings inconvenience and great safety hazards to disaster relief construction workers. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem that the high voltage of the component system brings inconvenience and great safety hazards to disaster relief construction workers, the present invention provides a photovoltaic component that can be intelligently shut down. When a reliability problem such as a fire occurs in the power station, the output voltage of the photovoltaic component is instantly and significantly reduced through the adapter module, effectively ensuring the personal safety of the construction workers.

[0005] A photovoltaic module provided according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0006] A battery module, the battery module comprising a first battery group and a last battery group connected in series and arranged in sequence;

[0007] A switching module, comprising a first input end, a second input end and an output end, and connected in parallel to two ends of the battery module via the second input end and the output end;

[0008] A junction box group, the junction box group includes a first junction box and a last junction box, the positive and negative electrodes of the first battery group are arranged in the first junction box, the positive and negative electrodes of the last battery group are arranged in the last junction box, the adapter module is arranged in the first junction box or the last junction box, and the cathode of the first junction box is connected to the adapter module in the last junction box through an external cable.

[0009] In one embodiment, the switching module further includes an energy-consuming element, a switch, a resistor and a third input terminal.

[0010] The energy consumption element and the switch are connected in parallel between the second input terminal and the third input terminal;

[0011] The resistor is connected in series between the output terminal and the third input terminal.

[0012] In one embodiment, the resistance value of the resistor is 100KΩ-500KΩ, and the resistance value of the energy dissipation element is 40-80 times the resistance value of the resistor.

[0013] In one embodiment, the second input terminal and the output terminal are connected in parallel to the two ends of the battery module, specifically:

[0014] The second input terminal is connected to the cathode of the first battery group, and the output terminal is connected to the anode of the last battery group.

[0015] In one embodiment, the cathode of the first junction box is connected to the adapter module in the last junction box via an external cable, specifically:

[0016] One end of the external cable is connected to the cathode of the first junction box, and the other end of the external cable is connected to the third input end of the switching module in the last junction box.

[0017] In one embodiment, the external cable includes two sections, one section is connected to the cathode of the first junction box, and the other section is connected to the third input terminal of the switching module of the last junction box, and the one section is connected to the other section by plugging.

[0018] In one embodiment, the battery module also includes at least one middle battery group connected in series and arranged between the first battery group and the last battery group; the junction box group also includes at least one middle junction box arranged between the first junction box and the last junction box, and the positive and negative poles of each middle battery group are arranged in each middle junction box.

[0019] In one embodiment, in the junction box group, any two adjacent junction boxes are interconnected in the battery module.

[0020] In one embodiment, the first battery group includes a plurality of first battery strings connected in parallel, the last battery group includes a plurality of last battery strings connected in parallel, and the middle battery group includes a plurality of middle battery strings connected in parallel.

[0021] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic module is used to charge the energy storage device, power the load or connect to the grid. The at least one technical solution adopted in the embodiment of the present application can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The photovoltaic assembly provided by the present invention arranges an adapter module in a junction box and connects the adapter module in parallel to the two ends of the battery total module. The adapter module can be used to adjust the output state of the photovoltaic assembly. When an abnormality or disaster occurs, the output state of the photovoltaic assembly can be adjusted in time, thereby quickly reducing the output voltage of the photovoltaic assembly, which is convenient for disaster relief construction personnel to effectively control the disaster while ensuring their personal safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module in the prior art;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a junction box group on a photovoltaic module in the prior art;

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of another photovoltaic module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of another photovoltaic module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module when the switch of the adapter module is disconnected;

[0030] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module when the switch of the adapter module is closed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the specific embodiments of the present invention and the corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] A photovoltaic assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention is used to solve the technical problem in the prior art that when a fire occurs in a power station due to reliability problems, the voltage of the self-test system is relatively large, causing inconvenience and great safety hazards to disaster relief workers.

[0033] See also Figure 3 As shown, a photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a battery total module, a switching module and a junction box group. The battery total module includes a first battery group Es and a last battery group En which are sequentially connected in series and arranged in sequence, and the switching module includes a first input terminal 11, a second input terminal 13 and an output terminal 12, which are connected in parallel to the two ends of the battery total module through the second input terminal 13 and the output terminal 12; the junction box group includes a first junction box Bs and a last junction box Bn, the positive and negative electrodes of the first battery group Es are arranged in the first junction box Bs, the positive and negative electrodes of the last battery group En are arranged in the last junction box Bn, and the switching module is arranged in the first junction box Bs or the last junction box Bn. The second input terminal 13 of the switching module is connected to the cathode of the first junction box.

[0034] In the embodiment of the present invention, the adapter module further includes an energy-consuming element Ec, a switch S, a resistor R and a third input terminal 14. The energy-consuming element Ec and the switch S are connected in parallel between the second input terminal 13 and the third input terminal 14; the resistor R is connected in series between the output terminal 12 and the third input terminal 14. In this configuration, when the switch S is disconnected, the resistor R and the energy-consuming element Ec are connected in series with the battery module, and the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is the voltage across the resistor R; and when the switch is closed, the energy-consuming element Ec is short-circuited, the resistor R is connected in parallel with the battery module, and the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is the voltage of the battery module. Among them, the energy-consuming element can be a pure resistance element or an energy-consuming device whose resistance meets the requirements, and the embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit it.

[0035] In the embodiment of the present invention, the resistance of the resistor is 100KΩ-500KΩ, such as 100KΩ, 300KΩ or 500KΩ, and the structure of the energy dissipation element is 40-80 times the resistance of the resistor.

[0036] In the embodiment of the present invention, the adapter module is connected in parallel to both ends of the battery module through the second input terminal 13 and the output terminal 12. The specific implementation method is: the second input terminal 13 is connected to the first battery pack Es, and the output terminal 12 is connected to the last battery pack En.

[0037] In the embodiment of the present invention, an external cable L1 is further included. The specific method of connecting the first junction box Bs and the last junction box Bn can be: one end of the external cable L1 is connected to the cathode of the first junction box Bs, and the other end is connected to the second input terminal 13 of the adapter module in the last junction box Bn.

[0038] In an embodiment of the present invention, the external cable includes two sections, wherein one section includes a male plug-in connector, and the other end of the section except the end where the male plug-in connector is located is connected to the cathode of the first junction box Bs, and the other section includes a female plug-in connector, and the other end of the section except the end where the female plug-in connector is located is connected to the second input terminal 13 of the adapter module.

[0039] In the embodiment of the present invention, the battery module also includes at least one middle battery pack Em which is sequentially connected in series and arranged between the first battery pack Es and the last battery pack En. Correspondingly, the junction box group also includes at least one middle junction box Bm arranged between the first junction box and the last junction box, and the positive and negative electrodes of each middle battery pack Em are arranged in each middle junction box Bm. A diode connected in reverse parallel to the first battery pack Es is arranged in the first junction box Bs, a diode connected in reverse parallel to the last battery pack En is arranged in the last junction box Bn, and a diode connected in reverse parallel to the middle battery pack Em is arranged in the middle junction box Bm, so as to prevent the reverse transmission of current in the first battery pack Es, the middle battery pack Em and the last battery pack En.

[0040] Furthermore, in an embodiment of the present invention, any two adjacent junction boxes in the junction box group are interconnected within the battery module. For example, when the junction box group includes a first junction box Bs, a middle junction box Bm and a last junction box Bn, the first junction box Bs and the middle junction box Bm are interconnected within the battery module, and the middle junction box Bm and the last junction box Bn are also interconnected within the battery module.

[0041] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first battery group Es includes several first battery strings connected in parallel, the last battery group En includes several last battery strings connected in parallel, and the middle battery group Em includes several middle battery strings connected in parallel, such as: the first battery group Es includes two first battery strings Es1 and first battery string Es2 connected in parallel, the last battery group En includes two last battery strings En1 and first battery string En2 connected in parallel, and the middle battery group Em includes two first battery strings Em1 and first battery string Em2 connected in parallel, so as to improve the output voltage and output current of the photovoltaic module. It is pointed out here that the number of first battery strings contained in the first battery group, the number of middle battery strings contained in the middle battery group, and the number of last battery strings contained in the last battery group can be the same or different, and can be set according to actual needs. Here, there is no specific restriction on their number.

[0042] Furthermore, each first battery string includes a plurality of solar cells connected in series to convert solar energy into electrical energy. Similarly, each last battery string includes a plurality of solar cells connected in series, and each middle battery string also includes a plurality of solar cells connected in series.

[0043] In an embodiment of the present invention, the output end of the photovoltaic module can be connected to an energy storage device, a load and a mains supply. It is worth noting that when the output end of the photovoltaic module is connected to a load to power the load, or is connected to the mains supply, an inverter needs to be connected. Since the photovoltaic module generates direct current, an inverter is required to convert it into alternating current before charging the energy storage device, or to power the load and connect to the mains supply.

[0044] In the embodiment of the present invention, when a problem such as a fire occurs in the photovoltaic power station, after the switch S receives a signal such as "0" representing "disconnect switch" sent by the transmitter, the switch S is disconnected, and the energy-consuming element Ec, the battery module and the resistor R1 are connected in series. Figure 6 As shown, the output voltage at this time is the voltage across the resistor R1. Since the resistance of the energy-consuming element is 40-80 times that of the resistor R, the output voltage can be quickly reduced to a few tenths of the voltage of the total battery module, thus effectively ensuring the safety of firefighters. At the same time, the lower output voltage effectively reduces the further spread of the fire and the explosion caused by it.

[0045] When the photovoltaic power station returns to normal, the switch S receives a signal such as "1" sent by the transmitter, which represents "close the switch", and the switch S is closed. At this time, the energy-consuming element Ec is short-circuited. The actual circuit can be seen in Figure 7 As shown, at this time, the resistor R is connected in parallel with the battery module, and the output voltage is the voltage of the battery module.

[0046] A photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present invention has an adapter module arranged in a terminal junction box and adjusts the output voltage of the photovoltaic module through a switch in the adapter module. When a fire occurs in a photovoltaic power station, the output voltage of the photovoltaic module can be greatly reduced through the adapter module, thereby facilitating disaster relief construction personnel to effectively control the disaster while ensuring their personal safety.

[0047] It is pointed out here that the present invention only lists the embodiment in which the adapter module is arranged in the final junction box, which is only for the convenience of description and is not limited to only being arranged in the final junction box. The adapter module in the embodiment of the present invention is arranged in the first junction box, which still falls within the scope of protection of the embodiment of the present application.

[0048] In addition to the above-mentioned battery total module, adapter module and wiring group, the photovoltaic module also includes a stacked battery layer, a backplane and a wiring box layer. The battery total module is built into the battery layer, and the wiring box group is located in the wiring box layer, wherein the battery layer is a built-in layer and the wiring box layer is an exposed layer. The wires connecting the middle wiring box with the first wiring box and the last wiring box are arranged in the battery layer to prevent the wires from leaking out and being easily pulled. The wires connecting the first wiring box and the last wiring box are arranged in the wiring box layer, that is, except for the output end of the photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module has an exposed wire.

[0049] The photovoltaic module also includes a first coated tempered glass layer, a first vinyl acetate copolymer layer, and a second vinyl acetate copolymer layer. On the photovoltaic module, the first coated tempered glass layer, the first vinyl acetate copolymer layer, the battery layer, the second vinyl acetate copolymer layer, the back plate and the junction box layer are stacked in sequence.

[0050] The back plate may be glass, that is, the back plate may be second-coated tempered glass.

[0051] The specific examples described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: include: A battery module, the battery module comprising a first battery group and a last battery group connected in series and arranged in sequence; The switching module comprises a first input terminal, a second input terminal and an output terminal. A junction box group, the junction box group includes a first junction box and a last junction box, the positive and negative electrodes of the first battery group are arranged in the first junction box, the positive and negative electrodes of the last battery group are arranged in the last junction box, the adapter module is arranged in the last junction box, and the cathode of the first junction box is connected to the adapter module in the last junction box through an external cable; The external cable comprises two sections, one section comprises a male plug connector, and the other end of the section except the end where the male plug connector is located is connected to the cathode of the first junction box, and the other section comprises a female plug connector, and the other end of the section except the end where the female plug connector is located is connected to the third input end of the switching module of the last junction box, and the one section is connected to the other section by plugging; The switching module also includes an energy-consuming element, a switch, a resistor and a third input terminal. The energy consumption element and the switch are connected in parallel between the second input terminal and the third input terminal; The resistor is connected in series between the output terminal and the third input terminal; The output end and the third input end serve as output ends of the photovoltaic assembly; The resistance value of the energy dissipation element is 40-80 times the resistance value of the resistor.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resistance value of the resistor is 100KΩ-500KΩ.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second input terminal is connected to the cathode of the first battery group, and the output terminal is connected to the anode of the last battery group.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery module also includes at least one middle battery group connected in series and arranged between the first battery group and the last battery group; the junction box group also includes at least one middle junction box arranged between the first junction box and the last junction box, and the positive and negative poles of each middle battery group are arranged in each middle junction box.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: In the junction box group, any two adjacent junction boxes are interconnected in the battery module.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first battery group includes a plurality of first battery strings connected in parallel, the last battery group includes a plurality of last battery strings connected in parallel, and the middle battery group includes a plurality of middle battery strings connected in parallel.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module is used to charge the energy storage device, supply power to the load or connect to the grid.

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