A photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic module, belonging to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology. The photovoltaic module provided by the invention has, in addition to a battery module, an adapter module and a middle junction box, wherein the adapter module is arranged in the middle junction box and connected in parallel at both ends of the battery module, and the output voltage of the photovoltaic module can be adjusted by using the adapter module. When an abnormality or disaster occurs, the output state of the photovoltaic module can be adjusted in time, thereby controlling the disaster and ensuring the safety of operators.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and in particular to a photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic panels convert solar energy into electrical energy and transmit the electrical energy to power supply stations.

[0003] Photovoltaic modules can be directly connected to power stations, that is, the output voltage of photovoltaic modules is almost equal to the input voltage of power stations. In order to make the output voltage of photovoltaic modules reach hundreds or even thousands of volts, the cells can be connected in series to form a battery pack, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, several battery groups are connected in series and arranged in sequence, and each battery group has a corresponding junction box. By connecting the junction boxes in series in sequence, all the battery groups are connected in series and then connected to the power supply station.

[0004] Due to the rapid growth of the market demand for photovoltaic modules and the rapid development of photovoltaic module technology, solar photovoltaic power stations have been widely distributed around the world. However, with the increase in power stations, reliability issues of some power stations have gradually been exposed. Sometimes fires are caused by reliability issues of power stations. Since the voltage of the module system is relatively large, even reaching 1500V, it brings inconvenience and great safety hazards to disaster relief construction workers. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to eliminate the above-mentioned inconvenience and potential safety hazard brought to disaster relief workers, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module that can be intelligently shut down.

[0006] A photovoltaic module provided according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0007] A laminate, wherein a battery total module is arranged in the laminate, and the battery total module includes a first battery group, a middle battery group and a last battery group which are connected in series and arranged in sequence;

[0008] A switching module, which is connected in parallel to two ends of the battery module via an external cable and has a variable resistance value;

[0009] A plurality of junction boxes include a first junction box, a middle junction box and a last junction box. The switching module is arranged in the middle junction box, and two adjacent junction boxes are also connected to each other inside the laminate.

[0010] In one embodiment, the middle junction box also leads out a pair of positive and negative cables with opposite polarities as output ends of the photovoltaic module.

[0011] In one embodiment, the plurality of junction boxes are arranged in parallel with the battery module; each junction box is connected to a corresponding battery pack in the battery module.

[0012] In one embodiment, a diode reversely connected in parallel with the first battery group is provided in the first junction box, a diode reversely connected in parallel with the last battery group is provided in the last junction box, and a diode reversely connected in parallel with the middle battery group is provided in the middle junction box.

[0013] In one embodiment, the adapter module includes an energy-consuming element, a switch and a resistor. The energy-consuming element is connected in series with the resistor, and the switch is connected in parallel to both ends of the energy-consuming element. The variable resistance value of the adapter module is achieved by opening or closing the switch.

[0014] In one embodiment, the resistance of the resistor ranges from 100KΩ to 500KΩ.

[0015] In one embodiment, the resistance of the energy dissipation element is 40 to 80 times the resistance of the resistor.

[0016] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic assembly further includes a control module and a monitoring module, wherein the control module is connected to the switching module and the monitoring module, and controls the opening and closing of the switch according to a remote signal instruction.

[0017] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic module includes a battery layer, a backplane, and a junction box layer stacked in sequence, the battery total module is arranged on the battery layer, and the plurality of junction boxes are arranged on the junction box layer; the wires connecting the first battery group, the middle battery group and the last battery group of each diode are arranged on the battery layer.

[0018] In one embodiment, the volume of the middle junction box is larger than that of the first junction box and the last junction box.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the photovoltaic module provided by the present invention sets an adapter module in the middle junction box and connects the adapter module in parallel at both ends of the battery total module. The output state of the photovoltaic module can be adjusted by using the adapter module. When an abnormality or disaster occurs, the output state of the photovoltaic module can be adjusted in time, thereby controlling the disaster and the safety of the operators. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module in the prior art;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a junction box group observed from the outside on a photovoltaic module in the prior art;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a junction box group arranged on a photovoltaic module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the modularization of another photovoltaic assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic assembly when a switch of a conversion module is disconnected in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic assembly when a switch of a conversion module is closed in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the specific embodiments of the present invention and the corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] The embodiment of the present invention discloses a photovoltaic module. A conversion module is arranged in a central junction box, and the adapter module is connected in parallel to the two ends of a battery total module. The output voltage and current of the photovoltaic module can be adjusted by using the adapter module. When an abnormality or disaster occurs, the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic module can be adjusted in time, thereby controlling the disaster and ensuring the safety of operators.

[0030] See also Figure 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic module, including a laminate, a switching module and a plurality of junction boxes.

[0031] A total battery module is provided in the laminate, and the total battery module includes a first battery group Es, a middle battery group Em, and a final battery group En which are sequentially connected in series and arranged in sequence. It is noted here that the number of first battery groups Es is not limited to one, and similarly, the number of final battery groups En is not limited to one. If multiple first battery groups or final battery groups are included, multiple first battery groups or final battery groups can be sequentially arranged in series. Moreover, the number of first battery groups Es and the number of final battery groups En can be the same or different, and can be set according to specific needs.

[0032] The adapter module is connected in parallel to both ends of the battery module and has a variable resistance value. The different resistance values ​​of the adapter module can be connected to the circuit of the photovoltaic module as needed, thereby changing the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic module. The specific parallel connection method is: connect the second input terminal 13 of the adapter module to the cathode of the last battery group, and connect the output terminal 12 of the adapter module to the anode of the first battery group, thereby completing the parallel connection of the adapter module and the battery module. It is pointed out here that adjacent battery groups are connected in series inside the laminate, such as the cathode of the first junction box and the first input terminal 11 of the middle junction box are connected inside the laminate, and the anode of the middle junction box and the cathode of the last junction box are connected inside the laminate, thereby realizing the series connection between adjacent battery groups.

[0033] The plurality of junction boxes include a first junction box Bs, a middle junction box Bm and a last junction box Bn, the adapter module is arranged in the middle junction box Bm, and the adapter module is respectively connected to the first junction box Bs and the last junction box Bn through external cables, and two adjacent junction boxes are also connected to each other inside the laminate. The external cables may include two, one L1 connecting the first junction box Bs with the adapter module in the middle junction box Bm, and the other L2 connecting the last junction box Bn with the adapter module in the middle junction box Bm.

[0034] In the embodiment of the present invention, the anode of the first junction box Bs is connected to the first input terminal 11 (not shown in the figure) of the middle junction box Bm at the junction box layer, and the cathode of the first battery group Es is connected to one of the external cables L1, and the other end of the external cable L1 is connected to the second input terminal 13 of the adapter module 11 in the middle junction box Bm. The other end of the external cable can also be connected to the equipotential point of the second input terminal 13 of the adapter module. The anode of the last battery group En is connected to another external cable L2, and the other end of the other external cable L2 is connected to the output terminal 11 of the adapter module in the middle junction box Bm. In addition, the other end of an external cable L2 may not be directly connected to the anode of the last battery group, but may be connected to the equipotential point of the anode of the last battery group. In the middle junction box Bm, a pair of positive and negative cables with opposite polarities are led out from both ends of the resistor R, serving as the output end of the photovoltaic module. For example, a cable with a "positive" polarity is led out from the output end 11 of the junction box, and a cable with a "negative" polarity is led out from the third input end 14 of the adapter module. After multiple photovoltaic modules are connected in series, they can be directly connected to the energy storage module, or they can be connected to the load or the grid-connected mains through an inverter.

[0035] In an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of junction boxes are arranged in parallel with the battery packs in the battery module, and each junction box is connected to a corresponding battery pack in the battery module. In order to reduce the complexity of wiring, each junction box is located at a relative position to its corresponding battery pack and is connected accordingly. For example, the first junction box Bs is located opposite to and connected to the first battery pack Es, and the middle junction box Bm is located opposite to and connected to the middle battery pack Em.

[0036] In the embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 4 As shown, a diode reversely connected in parallel with the first battery group is provided in the first junction box Bs to prevent the current in the first battery group from being transmitted in reverse. Similarly, in addition to the adapter module, a diode reversely connected in parallel with the first battery group is also provided in the middle junction box Bm to prevent the current in the middle battery group from being transmitted in reverse. A diode reversely connected in parallel with the first battery group is provided in the last junction box Bn to prevent the current in the last battery group En from being transmitted in reverse.

[0037] In addition, a switch S and an energy-consuming element Ec are connected in parallel between the third input terminal 14 and the second input terminal 12 of the adapter module in the middle battery pack Bm, and a resistor R is connected in series between the output terminal of the adapter module and the third input terminal 14. The adapter module controls whether to connect the energy-consuming element Ec to the circuit of the photovoltaic module through the open or closed state of the switch S to control the variable resistance value of the resistor, thereby changing the current and output voltage in the photovoltaic module. The second input terminal 13 of the adapter module in the middle junction box Bm is connected to the cathode of the first junction box Bs through an external cable L1, and the output terminal 12 of the adapter module in the middle junction box Bm is connected to the anode of the last junction box Bn through an external cable L2.

[0038] In the embodiment of the present invention, the resistance value of the resistor R is 100KΩ to 500KΩ, such as 100KΩ, 350KΩ or 500KΩ. The resistance value of the energy dissipation element is 40-80 times the resistance value of the resistor R, such as 40 times, 60 times or 80 times the resistance value of the resistor. Therefore, when the energy dissipation element Ec is connected, the resistance of the photovoltaic module is greatly increased, thereby greatly reducing the current in the photovoltaic module.

[0039] In the implementation of the present invention, see Figure 5As shown, the first battery group Es includes several first battery groups, such as including the first battery group string Es1 and the first battery group string Es2, and the first battery group string Es1 and the first battery group string Es2 are connected in parallel; the middle battery group Em includes several first battery groups, such as including the middle battery group string Em1 and the middle battery group string Em2, and the middle battery group string Em1 and the middle battery group string Em2 are connected in parallel; the last battery group En includes several last battery groups, such as including the last battery group string En1 and the last battery group string En2, and the last battery group string En1 and the last battery group string En2 are connected in parallel. Of course, the number of first battery groups contained in the first battery group, the number of middle battery groups contained in the middle battery group, and the number of last battery groups contained in the last battery group can be the same or different, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0040] In an embodiment of the present invention, the photovoltaic module includes a battery layer, a backplane, and a junction box layer which are stacked in sequence, the battery total module is arranged on the battery layer, and the plurality of junction boxes are arranged on the junction box layer; the wires connecting each junction box to the battery group are arranged on the battery layer, that is, the wires connecting the diode in the first junction box to the first battery group are arranged on the battery layer, the wires connecting the diode in the middle junction box to the middle battery group are arranged on the battery layer, and the wires connecting the diode in the last junction box to the last battery group are arranged on the battery layer.

[0041] In an embodiment of the present invention, the photovoltaic assembly may further include a control module and a monitoring module, wherein the monitoring module is used to detect the energy storage device and obtain monitoring data. The control module is used to connect the transformer module and the monitoring module to obtain the monitoring data of the monitoring module and analyze the monitoring data to decide whether to act on the switch S in the transformer module. Of course, the control module may be a wireless connection between the transformer module and the monitoring module. Specifically, the control module is wirelessly connected to the switch S to control the closing and opening of the switch S.

[0042] The photovoltaic assembly may further include an alarm module, which is connected to the control module and is used to issue an alarm message after the control module receives abnormal monitoring data from the monitoring module.

[0043] In the embodiment of the present invention, the volume of the middle junction box Bm may be larger than the volume of the first junction box Bs and the volume of the last junction box Bn. Therefore, when it is necessary to directly operate the adapter module arranged in the middle junction box Bm, it is convenient for the user to quickly identify the location of the adapter module and operate the adapter module.

[0044] In addition, the photovoltaic module may further include a first coated tempered glass layer, a first vinyl acetate copolymer layer, and a second vinyl acetate copolymer layer. On the photovoltaic module, the first coated tempered glass layer, the first vinyl acetate copolymer layer, the battery layer, the second vinyl acetate copolymer layer, the back plate and the junction box layer are stacked in sequence. The back plate may be glass, that is, the back plate may be the second coated tempered glass.

[0045] In the embodiment of the present invention, when a problem such as a fire occurs in the photovoltaic power station, after the switch S receives a signal such as "0" representing "disconnect switch" sent by the transmitter, the switch S is disconnected, and the energy-consuming element Ec, the battery module and the resistor R1 are connected in series. Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the output voltage at this time is the voltage across the resistor R. Since the resistance of the energy-consuming element is 40-80 times that of the resistor R, the output voltage can be quickly reduced to a few tenths of the voltage of the total battery module, thus effectively ensuring the safety of firefighters. At the same time, the lower output voltage effectively reduces the further spread of the fire and the explosion caused by it.

[0046] After returning to normal, the switch S receives a signal such as "1" from the transmitter, which represents "close the switch", and the switch S is closed. At this time, the energy-consuming element Ec is short-circuited. The actual circuit can be seen in Figure 6 As shown, at this time, the resistor R1 is connected in parallel with the battery module, and the output voltage is the voltage of the battery module. At the same time, compared with the resistance of the battery module, the resistor R is already a large resistor, and its shunt effect is very small, so it does not affect the output current.

[0047] A photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present invention has an adapter module arranged in a central junction box and adjusts the output voltage of the photovoltaic module through a switch in the adapter module. When a fire occurs in a photovoltaic power station, the output voltage of the photovoltaic module can be greatly reduced through the adapter module, thereby facilitating disaster relief construction personnel to effectively control the disaster while ensuring their personal safety.

[0048] The specific examples described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: include: A laminate, wherein a battery total module is arranged in the laminate, and the battery total module includes a first battery group, a middle battery group and a last battery group which are connected in series and arranged in sequence; A switching module, wherein the switching module is connected in parallel to two ends of the battery module via external cables; The adapter module includes an energy-consuming element, a switch and a resistor. The energy-consuming element is connected in series with the resistor, and the switch is connected in parallel to both ends of the energy-consuming element. The variable resistance value of the adapter module is realized by opening or closing the switch. The resistance value of the energy-consuming element is 40 to 80 times the resistance value of the resistor. Several junction boxes, including a first junction box, a middle junction box and a last junction box, wherein the adapter module is arranged in the middle junction box and is respectively connected to the first junction box and the last junction box through external cables, and two adjacent junction boxes are also connected to each other inside the laminate; The external cables include two cables, the first cable is connected to one end of the switch of the first junction box and the adapter module in the middle junction box, and the second cable is connected to one end of the resistor of the last junction box and the adapter module in the middle junction box; A pair of positive and negative cables with opposite polarities are led outward from the middle junction box and the two ends of the resistor to serve as output ends of the photovoltaic module.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of junction boxes are arranged in parallel with the battery module; each junction box is connected to a corresponding battery pack in the battery module.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first junction box is provided with a diode reversely connected in parallel with the first battery group, the last junction box is provided with a diode reversely connected in parallel with the last battery group, and the middle junction box is provided with a diode reversely connected in parallel with the middle battery group.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resistance value of the resistor ranges from 100KΩ to 500KΩ.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic assembly further includes a control module and a monitoring module. The control module is connected to the switching module and the monitoring module, and controls the opening and closing of the switch according to a remote signal instruction.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The photovoltaic assembly includes a battery layer, a back plate, and a junction box layer stacked in sequence, the battery total module is arranged on the battery layer, and the plurality of junction boxes are arranged on the junction box layer; the wires connecting the first battery group, the middle battery group and the last battery group of each diode are arranged on the battery layer.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume of the middle junction box is larger than that of the first junction box and the last junction box.

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