A hot gas circulation test system and method for pressure vessel

Abstract

The present invention discloses a hot gas circulation test system and method for a pressure vessel, the device includes a pipe heater, a fan and two dual-purpose valve groups for adding and supplementing heat, the two dual-purpose valve groups for adding and supplementing heat are connected by a flexible supplementary heat pipe, and each dual-purpose valve group for adding and supplementing heat is connected to a valve stem pusher; the method includes step one, test preparation; step two, parameter setting and data acquisition; step three, cyclic heating of the inner cavity of the pressure vessel; step four, pressurization of the inner cavity of the pressure vessel; step five, the test is ended and the condition of the pressure vessel is checked. The present invention sets two dual-purpose valve groups for adding and supplementing heat in the pressure vessel, can flexibly switch the valve groups to achieve heating and supplementary heat for the pressure vessel, can safely and evenly heat the inside of the pressure vessel to a preset temperature, can effectively improve the test efficiency and the reliability of the test results, help to discover quality problems of the pressure vessel, reduce the probability of damage and failure of the product during service, and is convenient for popularization and use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of hot gas circulation testing of containers, and in particular relates to a hot gas circulation testing system and method for pressure containers. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the chemical industry, rare metals such as titanium, zirconium, and tantalum are increasingly being used in the manufacture of pressure vessels. In order to save costs, thick-walled pressure vessels are manufactured and processed using composite plates. However, due to the large performance difference between the composite plate layer and the base layer, some simulation tests are needed to detect the performance of the composite plate container. The hot gas circulation test is a common simulation test widely used in composite plate pressure vessel equipment. However, the traditional hot gas circulation test is usually carried out in a large furnace body. However, it is difficult to apply to large composite plate equipment due to the size of the furnace body, and the cost will be very high. The traditional test method also has external heating belt heating. The heating belt heating is prone to local overheating, affecting the quality of the composite plate. The traditional test sample is an external heating method, but the actual operation of the equipment is heated internally, so the external heating cannot simulate the actual working conditions well. This device can be applied to pressure vessels of different sizes. By simulating the actual use conditions of the equipment with good internal heating, the problems existing in the traditional hot gas circulation test can be well solved. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a hot gas circulation test system for a pressure vessel in view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art. The system has a reasonable structural design, a simple and convenient operation method, wide adaptability, and is easy to assemble. By arranging two dual-purpose valve groups for adding and supplementing heat in the pressure vessel, the valve groups can be flexibly switched to achieve heating and supplementing heat for the pressure vessel, and the inside of the pressure vessel can be safely and evenly heated to a preset temperature. The test efficiency can be effectively improved, the reliability of the test results can be improved, it is helpful to discover quality problems of the pressure vessel, and the probability of damage and failure of the product during its service is reduced. The system has a good use effect and can be used for multiple turnovers, which is convenient for promotion and use.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a hot air circulation test system for a pressure vessel, characterized in that it includes a pipe heater, a fan and two dual-purpose heat-adding and supplementary valve groups arranged inside the pressure vessel, the air outlet of the pipe heater is connected to one dual-purpose heat-adding and supplementary valve group through an external hot air pipeline, the air inlet of the pipe heater is connected to the air outlet of the fan, the air inlet of the fan is connected to the other dual-purpose heat-adding and supplementary valve group through an external hot air pipeline, the two dual-purpose heat-adding and supplementary valve groups are connected by two flexible heat-adding pipelines, each of the dual-purpose heat-adding and supplementary valve groups is connected to a valve stem pusher, the pressure vessel is connected to a pressurized pipeline interconnected with its inner cavity, a temperature sensor for measuring the inner cavity temperature of the pressure vessel and a pressure sensor for measuring the inner cavity pressure of the pressure vessel are installed on the pressurized pipeline, and the pipe heater, the fan, the valve stem pusher, the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are all connected to a controller.

[0005] The above-mentioned hot gas circulation test system for a pressure vessel is characterized in that: the dual-purpose valve group for adding heat and supplementing heat includes a valve group hot gas pipeline connected to an external hot gas pipeline, one end of the valve group hot gas pipeline extends out of the pressure vessel and is connected to the external hot gas pipeline, and the other end of the valve group hot gas pipeline is provided with a valve body and a conical valve core that cooperate with each other.

[0006] The above-mentioned hot gas circulation test system for a pressure vessel is characterized in that: the valve body is a tapered pipe connected to the end of the hot gas pipe of the valve group, and the diameter of the valve body gradually shrinks inward from one end close to the hot gas pipe of the valve group to the end away from the hot gas pipe of the valve group.

[0007] The above-mentioned hot gas circulation test system for a pressure vessel is characterized in that: the valve stem pusher is arranged on the outside of the pressure vessel and is connected to the conical valve core through a valve stem, one end of the valve stem is fixed on the conical valve core, and the other end of the valve stem passes through the entire valve group hot gas pipeline and is connected to the valve stem pusher.

[0008] The above-mentioned hot gas circulation test system for a pressure vessel is characterized in that: two pipe joints for connecting flexible heat supplement pipes are symmetrically connected to the hot gas pipe of the valve group, and the pipe joints are arranged in the pressure vessel. The two pipe joints on the hot gas pipe of one valve group are interconnected with the two pipe joints on the hot gas pipe of another valve group through a flexible heat supplement pipe, and the two flexible heat supplement pipes are arranged relatively to each other.

[0009] The above-mentioned hot gas circulation test system for a pressure vessel is characterized in that: the pipe joint is an elbow joint, one end of the pipe joint is installed on the hot gas pipe of the valve group through a flange, and the other end of the pipe joint is connected to the end of the flexible heat supply pipe.

[0010] The above-mentioned hot gas circulation test system for a pressure vessel is characterized in that an annular reversing body for opening and closing the pipeline joint is installed on the valve stem, and the annular reversing body is located in the hot gas pipeline of the valve group.

[0011] The above-mentioned hot gas circulation test system for a pressure vessel is characterized in that the valve stem pusher is a cylinder, and the end of the valve stem extending out of the pressure vessel is connected to the piston of the valve stem pusher.

[0012] At the same time, the present invention also discloses a method for hot gas cycle testing of a pressure vessel with simple method steps, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: Test preparation. The process is as follows:

[0014] Step 101, measuring the inner cavity size of the pressure vessel, and determining the length of the flexible heating pipe according to the inner cavity length of the pressure vessel, so that the flexible heating pipe can be smoothly installed in the pressure vessel and has a sufficient length;

[0015] Step 102: Install two heating and supplementary heat dual-purpose valve groups in the pressure vessel, connect the two heating and supplementary heat dual-purpose valve groups through two flexible heating and supplementary heat pipes, connect the pipe heater and the fan, connect the pipe heater and one heating and supplementary heat dual-purpose valve group through an external hot gas pipe, and connect the fan and another heating and supplementary heat dual-purpose valve group through the external hot gas pipe;

[0016] The dual-purpose valve group for adding heat and supplementing heat includes a valve group hot gas pipeline connected to an external hot gas pipeline, one end of the valve group hot gas pipeline extends out of the pressure vessel and is connected to the external hot gas pipeline, the other end of the valve group hot gas pipeline is provided with a valve body and a conical valve core that cooperate with each other, the valve stem pusher is arranged on the outside of the pressure vessel and is connected to the conical valve core through a valve stem, one end of the valve stem is fixed on the conical valve core, and two pipe joints for connecting flexible supplementary heat pipelines are symmetrically connected to the hot gas pipeline of the valve group;

[0017] Step 103, purging the pressure vessel with dry nitrogen or pure air and sealing it;

[0018] Step 2: Parameter setting and data collection: Use the keyboard to set the heating temperature of the pipe heater and the initial speed of the fan, set the preset temperature and preset pressure required by the pressure vessel through the keyboard, collect the inner cavity temperature of the pressure vessel through the temperature sensor, collect the inner cavity pressure of the pressure vessel through the pressure sensor, and the temperature sensor and pressure sensor upload the output data to the controller in real time;

[0019] Step 3: Circulation heating of the inner cavity of the pressure vessel, the process is as follows:

[0020] Step 301, heating the air in the inner cavity of the pressure vessel: close the pressurized pipeline, start the valve stem pusher through the controller, so that the valve stem pusher pushes the valve stem to open the two valve group hot air pipes, and control the fan to start through the controller. Under the action of the fan, the air in the inner cavity of the pressure vessel enters the pipe heater through one valve group hot air pipe for heating, and then enters the pressure vessel through the other valve group hot air pipe, so that the internal temperature of the pressure vessel increases;

[0021] Step 302, determining whether the temperature of the inner cavity of the pressure vessel reaches a preset temperature: when the temperature value collected by the temperature sensor reaches the preset temperature, executing step 303; otherwise, executing step 301;

[0022] Step 303, heat preservation of the pressure vessel: start the valve stem pusher through the controller, so that the valve stem pusher pulls the valve stem to close the two valve group hot air pipes, and the air in the two flexible heat supplement pipes enters the pipe heater through one valve group hot air pipe under the action of the fan for heating, and then enters the two flexible heat supplement pipes again through the other valve group hot air pipe, and the pressure vessel is heat-insulated by thermal radiation through the flexible heat supplement pipes;

[0023] Step 4: Pressurize the inner cavity of the pressure vessel. The process is as follows:

[0024] Step 401, open the pressurizing pipeline to pressurize: a pressure valve connected to the controller is provided on the pressurizing pipeline, the pressure valve is opened by the controller, and nitrogen is filled into the pressure vessel through the pressurizing pipeline. As nitrogen is continuously filled into the pressure vessel, the temperature in the pressure vessel gradually decreases. When the pressure value collected by the pressure sensor reaches a preset pressure, the pressure valve is closed and pressurization is stopped. At this time, the temperature in the pressure vessel is lower than the preset temperature;

[0025] Step 402: The speed of the fan is increased by the controller, and the temperature of the inner cavity of the pressure vessel gradually increases under the heat radiation of the flexible heat supply pipe. When the temperature value collected by the temperature sensor reaches a preset temperature, the speed of the fan is reduced to the initial speed by the controller;

[0026] Step 403, observe the pressure vessel for 24 hours to see if there is any abnormal sound or change in the inner cavity pressure during the test. If there is no abnormal sound or change in the inner cavity pressure of the pressure vessel, it means that the plate quality of the pressure vessel is qualified, and step 5 is executed; if there is an abnormal sound or change in the inner cavity pressure of the pressure vessel, it means that there is a quality problem in the pressure vessel, and the test is stopped, and the inspector conducts a comprehensive inspection of the pressure vessel;

[0027] Step 5. After the test, check the condition of the pressure vessel: turn off the fan through the controller. When the temperature inside the pressure vessel drops to room temperature, the inspector checks whether there are cracks in the welds of the pressure vessel. If there are cracks in the welds of the pressure vessel, it means that the welding quality of the pressure vessel is unqualified, and the cracks should be repaired by welding; if there are no cracks in the welds of the pressure vessel, it proves that the overall quality of the pressure vessel is qualified.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0029] 1. The system adopted by the present invention connects the fan and the pipe heater on the pressure vessel through an external hot air pipe, which can extract the air in the pressure vessel, heat it, and then send it back to the pressure vessel, so as to realize the circulation heating of the air inside the pressure vessel. Compared with the heating in the heating furnace or the heating belt wrapped tank heating used in the traditional hot air circulation experiment, the adverse effect of local overheating on the container can be eliminated. At the same time, the pipe heater can directly control the temperature of the gas entering the pressure vessel to ensure that the hot air temperature does not exceed 350°C, and the inside of the pressure vessel can be safely and evenly heated to the preset temperature.

[0030] 2. The system adopted by the present invention installs two dual-purpose heat-adding and heat-supplementing valve groups in the pressure vessel for connecting to an external hot air pipeline. The hot air can be controlled to directly enter the container or enter the flexible heat-supplementing pipeline through the conversion of the valve group. When the hot air directly enters the inner cavity of the pressure vessel, the pressure vessel can be heated by the hot gas. When the temperature of the pressure vessel reaches the preset temperature, the hot gas is introduced into the flexible heat-supplementing pipeline to maintain the preset temperature for a long time.

[0031] 3. The system adopted by the present invention has a pressurized pipeline connected to the pressure vessel and interconnected with the inner cavity of the container. The pressure vessel can be inflated and pressurized through the pressurized pipeline to simulate the operating conditions of the container. It has a wide range of applications and reliable test results.

[0032] 4. The system adopted by the present invention uses titanium alloy materials for the flexible heat supply pipe, external hot air pipe, pressurized pipeline and heat supply dual-purpose valve group, thereby avoiding the introduction of iron ions into the traditional container during the test process, thereby affecting the corrosion performance of titanium, zirconium and other containers.

[0033] 5. The method adopted by the present invention can accurately control the required pressure and temperature in the pressure vessel by first heating, then pressurizing, and finally supplementing heat, which can effectively improve the test efficiency, while improving the accuracy of the test results, ensuring the quality of the pressure vessel, and reducing safety accidents caused by the quality of the pressure vessel.

[0034] To sum up, the present invention has a reasonable structural design, a simple and convenient operation method, a wide adaptability, and is easy to assemble. By arranging two dual-purpose valve groups for heating and supplementing heat in the pressure vessel, the valve groups can be flexibly switched to achieve heating and supplementing heat for the pressure vessel, and the inside of the pressure vessel can be safely and evenly heated to a preset temperature. The test efficiency can be effectively improved, the reliability of the test results can be improved, and it is helpful to discover quality problems of the pressure vessel, and the probability of damage and failure of the product during service is reduced. The use effect is good, and it can be used for multiple turnovers, which is convenient for promotion and use.

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hot air circulation test system of the present invention in the heating state.

[0037] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A.

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the annular commutator of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hot air circulation test system of the present invention in the state of supplementary heating or heat preservation.

[0040] Figure 5 It is a circuit principle block diagram of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 6 It is a flowchart of the method of the present invention.

[0042] Description of reference numerals:

[0043] 1—Pipeline heater; 2—Blower; 3—Valve stem pusher;

[0044] 4—pressure vessel; 5—flexible heating pipeline; 6—pressurized pipeline;

[0045] 7—external hot gas pipeline; 8—valve group hot gas pipeline; 9—valve body;

[0046] 10—conical valve core; 11—valve stem; 12—annular reversing body;

[0047] 12-1—circular sleeve; 12-2—fixing plate; 13—pipe joint;

[0048] 14—temperature sensor; 15—pressure sensor; 16—controller;

[0049] 17—Pressure valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the present invention includes a pipe heater 1, a fan 2 and two dual-purpose valve groups for adding heat and supplementing heat arranged inside a pressure vessel 4, the air outlet of the pipe heater 1 is connected to one dual-purpose valve group for adding heat and supplementing heat through an external hot air pipeline 7, the air inlet of the pipe heater 1 is connected to the air outlet of the fan 2, the air inlet of the fan 2 is connected to another dual-purpose valve group for adding heat and supplementing heat through an external hot air pipeline 7, the two dual-purpose valve groups for adding heat and supplementing heat are connected by two flexible heat supplementing pipelines 5, each of the dual-purpose valve groups for adding heat and supplementing heat is connected to a valve stem pusher 3, the pressure vessel 4 is connected to a pressurizing pipeline 6 interconnected with its inner cavity, the pressurizing pipeline 6 is installed with a temperature sensor 14 for measuring the inner cavity temperature of the pressure vessel 4 and a pressure sensor 15 for measuring the inner cavity pressure of the pressure vessel 4, the pipe heater 1, the fan 2, the valve stem pusher 3, the temperature sensor 14 and the pressure sensor 15 are all connected to a controller 16.

[0051] In actual use, the pipe heater 1 is preferably a temperature-adjustable pipe heater of model GDK-460W with a power of 460kW. The temperature adjustment range of the pipe heater 1 is 50°C to 350°C with an accuracy of ±3°C. The fan 2 and the pipe heater 1 are connected to the pressure vessel 4 through the external hot air pipe 7, so that the air in the pressure vessel 4 can be extracted, heated and then sent back to the pressure vessel 4, so as to realize the circulation heating of the air inside the pressure vessel 4. Compared with the heating in the heating furnace or the heating belt wrapped tank heating used in the traditional hot air circulation experiment, the adverse effects of local overheating on the container can be eliminated, such as the separation of the base layer and the composite layer caused by the local overheating of the composite board. At the same time, the pipe heater 1 can directly control the temperature of the gas entering the pressure vessel 4 to ensure that the hot air temperature does not exceed 350°C, and the inside of the pressure vessel 4 can be safely and evenly heated to the preset temperature.

[0052] In this embodiment, the flexible heating pipe 5 is a flexible titanium alloy metal pipe with variable length, and is spliced ​​by short sections with a length of 300 mm, 500 mm or 1000 mm, which is convenient for being placed into the container cavity from a narrow manhole, and the length of the flexible heating pipe 5 can be set according to the container size, with excellent adaptability.

[0053] In actual use, two dual-purpose heat-adding valve groups are installed in the pressure vessel 4 to connect the external hot air pipeline 7. The hot air can be controlled to directly enter the container or enter the flexible heat-adding pipeline 5 through the conversion of the valve group. When the hot air directly enters the inner cavity of the pressure vessel 4, the pressure vessel 4 can be heated by the hot gas. When the temperature of the pressure vessel 4 reaches the preset temperature, the hot gas is introduced into the flexible heat-adding pipeline 5 to maintain the preset temperature for a long time.

[0054] It should be noted that the pressurizing pipeline 6 is a pressure-resistant pipeline and its maximum pressure resistance is 10MPa. The pressurizing pipeline 6 is a titanium alloy pipeline and can be inflated and pressurized according to the test conditions. By connecting the pressurizing pipeline 6 that is interconnected with the inner cavity of the container to the pressure vessel 4, the pressure vessel 4 can be inflated and pressurized through the pressurizing pipeline 6 to simulate the operating conditions of the container. It has a wide range of applications and reliable test results.

[0055] In this embodiment, the flexible heat supply pipe 5, the external hot air pipe 7, the pressurized pipeline 6 and the heat supply dual-purpose valve group are all made of titanium alloy, which avoids the introduction of iron ions into the traditional container during the test, thereby affecting the corrosion performance of titanium, zirconium and other containers.

[0056] In this embodiment, the fan 2 is a variable frequency centrifugal fan, which can adjust the wind pressure and air volume. The controllable range of the air volume is 8000 to 20000 standard cubic meters, and the controllable range of the wind pressure is 0.06 MPa to 0.12 MPa.

[0057] In this embodiment, the temperature sensor 14 is preferably a K-type armored thermocouple, the pressure sensor 15 is preferably a FAG3051 pressure sensor with a measuring range of 0 to 10 MPa, and the controller 16 is a computer. The setting of the temperature sensor 14 and the pressure sensor 15 can monitor the temperature and pressure in the pressure vessel 4 at any time to ensure the safety of the test.

[0058] In actual use, a pressure valve 17 is provided on the pressurizing pipeline 6, and the temperature sensor 14 and the pressure sensor 15 are installed between the pressure valve 17 and the pressure container 4 to ensure that the temperature sensor 14 and the pressure sensor 15 can monitor the temperature and pressure in the pressure container 4 in real time.

[0059] In this embodiment, the dual-purpose valve group for adding heat or supplementing heat includes a valve group hot gas pipeline 8 connected to an external hot gas pipeline 7. One end of the valve group hot gas pipeline 8 extends out to the pressure vessel 4 and is connected to the external hot gas pipeline 7. The other end of the valve group hot gas pipeline 8 is provided with a valve body 9 and a conical valve core 10 that cooperate with each other.

[0060] In actual use, the valve group hot gas pipeline 8 and the external hot gas pipeline 7 are both circular pipelines and are connected by flanges. By arranging a valve body 9 and a conical valve core 10 that cooperate with each other at the end of the valve group hot gas pipeline 8, the structure is simple, and the external hot gas pipeline 7 and the inner cavity of the pressure vessel 4 can be quickly connected and disconnected, which is convenient for heating and heat preservation of the pressure vessel 4.

[0061] In this embodiment, the valve body 9 is a tapered pipe connected to the end of the valve group hot gas pipe 8, and the diameter of the valve body 9 gradually shrinks inward from one end close to the valve group hot gas pipe 8 to one end away from the valve group hot gas pipe 8.

[0062] In actual use, the valve body 9 is a tapered tube with a circular cross section, and the end of the conical valve core 10 with a larger diameter can be clamped on the outside of the valve body 9 to close the opening of the valve body 9.

[0063] In this embodiment, the valve stem pusher 3 is arranged on the outside of the pressure vessel 4 and is connected to the conical valve core 10 through the valve stem 11. One end of the valve stem 11 is fixed on the conical valve core 10, and the other end of the valve stem 11 passes through the entire valve group hot air pipeline 8 and is connected to the valve stem pusher 3.

[0064] In actual use, the valve stem 11 is connected to the end of the conical valve core 10 with a smaller diameter, and the valve stem 11 and the hot gas pipeline 8 of the valve group are coaxially arranged.

[0065] In this embodiment, the external hot gas pipeline 7 is a bent pipe. When the valve stem 11 is connected to the valve stem pusher 3, the valve stem 11 needs to pass through the valve group hot gas pipeline 8 and the segment on the external hot gas pipeline 7 coaxially arranged with the valve group hot gas pipeline 8 in sequence and then be connected to the valve stem pusher 3. The parts of the valve group hot gas pipeline 8 and the external hot gas pipeline 7 through which the valve stem 11 passes are both sealed.

[0066] In this embodiment, two pipe joints 13 for connecting flexible heat supply pipes 5 are symmetrically connected to the hot gas pipe 8 of the valve group. The pipe joints 13 are arranged in the pressure vessel 4. The two pipe joints 13 on the hot gas pipe 8 of one valve group are connected to the two pipe joints 13 on the hot gas pipe 8 of another valve group through a flexible heat supply pipe 5 respectively, and the two flexible heat supply pipes 5 are arranged relatively to each other.

[0067] In actual use, two air pipes are symmetrically arranged on the valve group hot air pipeline 8, and the two air pipes are arranged perpendicular to the valve group hot air pipeline 8. One end of the pipe joint 13 is flange-connected to the air pipe, and the other end of the pipe joint 13 is flange-connected to the flexible heat supply pipeline 5.

[0068] In this embodiment, two flexible heat supply pipes 5 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the valve group hot gas pipe 8 and are arranged parallel to the valve group hot gas pipe 8; by symmetrically connecting two pipe joints 13 to the valve group hot gas pipe 8, when the valve core is retracted to the valve body, the two valve group hot gas pipes 8 are connected by two flexible heat supply pipes 5 to form two heat supply branches, which can provide heat radiation heat supply or insulation for the pressure vessel 4.

[0069] In this embodiment, the pipe joint 13 is an elbow joint, one end of which is mounted on the hot gas pipe 8 of the valve group through a flange, and the other end of which is connected to the end of the flexible heat supply pipe 5.

[0070] In this embodiment, an annular reversing body 12 for opening and closing a pipeline joint 13 is installed on the valve stem 11 , and the annular reversing body 12 is located in the hot gas pipeline 8 of the valve group.

[0071] like Figure 3 As shown, in actual use, the annular reversing body 12 includes a circular sleeve 12-1, the outer diameter of the circular sleeve 12-1 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the valve group hot gas pipeline 8, ensuring that the circular sleeve 12-1 is in close contact with the inner wall of the valve group hot gas pipeline 8, and four fixing plates 12-2 for fixed connection with the valve stem 11 are arranged along its circumference in the circular sleeve 12-1. The circular sleeve 12-1 is sleeved on the valve stem 11 through multiple fixing plates 12-2. The circular sleeve 12-1 and the valve stem 11 are coaxially arranged, and the fixing plate 12-2 and the valve stem 11 and the fixing plate 12-2 and the circular sleeve 12-1 are welded and fixed.

[0072] It should be noted that when heating is required, the conical valve core 10 is pushed out of the valve body 9, and the annular reversing body 12 moves to the two pipe joints 13 on the hot gas pipe 8 of the valve group to seal its interface; when insulation or supplementary heat is required, the conical valve core 10 is retracted into the valve body 9, the annular reversing body 12 leaves the pipe joint 13, and the hot gas pipe 8 of the valve group is connected to the pipe joint 13.

[0073] In this embodiment, the valve stem pusher 3 is a cylinder, and one end of the valve stem 11 extending out of the pressure container 4 is connected to the piston of the valve stem pusher 3 .

[0074] like Figure 6 A method for hot gas cycle testing of a pressure vessel is shown, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

[0075] Step 1: Test preparation. The process is as follows:

[0076] Step 101, measuring the inner cavity size of the pressure vessel 4, and determining the length of the flexible heat supply pipe 5 according to the inner cavity length of the pressure vessel 4, so that the flexible heat supply pipe 5 can be smoothly installed in the pressure vessel 4 and has a sufficient length;

[0077] Step 102, two valve groups for adding or supplementing heat are installed in the pressure vessel 4, the two valve groups for adding or supplementing heat are connected through two flexible heat supplementation pipes 5, the pipe heater 1 and the fan 2 are connected, the pipe heater 1 and one valve group for adding or supplementing heat are connected through an external hot gas pipe 7, and the fan 2 and another valve group for adding or supplementing heat are connected through the external hot gas pipe 7;

[0078] The dual-purpose valve group for adding heat and supplementing heat includes a valve group hot gas pipeline 8 connected to an external hot gas pipeline 7, one end of the valve group hot gas pipeline 8 extends out to the pressure vessel 4 and is connected to the external hot gas pipeline 7, the other end of the valve group hot gas pipeline 8 is provided with a valve body 9 and a conical valve core 10 that cooperate with each other, the valve stem pusher 3 is arranged on the outside of the pressure vessel 4 and is connected to the conical valve core 10 through a valve stem 11, one end of the valve stem 11 is fixed on the conical valve core 10, and two pipe joints 13 for connecting the flexible supplementary heat pipeline 5 are symmetrically connected to the valve group hot gas pipeline 8;

[0079] Step 103, purging the pressure vessel 4 with dry nitrogen or pure air and sealing it;

[0080] Step 2, parameter setting and data collection: Use the keyboard to set the heating temperature of the pipe heater 1 and the initial speed of the fan 2, set the preset temperature and preset pressure required by the pressure vessel 4 through the keyboard, collect the inner cavity temperature of the pressure vessel 4 through the temperature sensor 14, collect the inner cavity pressure of the pressure vessel 4 through the pressure sensor 15, and the temperature sensor 14 and the pressure sensor 15 upload the output data to the controller 16 in real time;

[0081] In actual use, the required preset temperature of the pressure vessel 4 is 200° C., the air volume of the fan 2 at the initial speed is 10,000 standard cubic meters, and the air pressure is 0.1 MPa.

[0082] Step 3: Circulation heating of the inner cavity of the pressure vessel, the process is as follows:

[0083] Step 301, heating the air in the inner cavity of the pressure vessel: close the pressurizing pipeline 6, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the valve stem pusher 3 is started by the controller 16, so that the valve stem pusher 3 pushes the valve stem 11, and the valve group hot air pipeline 8 is connected with the inner cavity of the pressure vessel 4. The controller 16 controls the fan 2 to start, and the air in the inner cavity of the pressure vessel 4 enters the pipeline heater 1 through one valve group hot air pipeline 8 under the action of the fan 2, and is heated, and then enters the pressure vessel 4 through another valve group hot air pipeline 8, so that the internal temperature of the pressure vessel 4 is increased;

[0084] In actual use, the air in the pressure vessel 4 can be circulated and heated by the fan 2 and the duct heater 1, which can help control the temperature of the pressure vessel 4 and avoid damage to the equipment due to excessive temperature.

[0085] Step 302, determining whether the temperature of the inner cavity of the pressure vessel reaches a preset temperature: when the temperature value collected by the temperature sensor 14 reaches the preset temperature, executing step 303; otherwise, executing step 301;

[0086] Step 303: Insulation of the pressure vessel: Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the valve stem pusher 3 is started by the controller 16, so that the valve stem pusher 3 pulls the valve stem 11, and the two valve group hot air pipes 8 are connected to the flexible heat supply pipe 5 through the pipe joint 13. Under the action of the fan 2, the air in the two flexible heat supply pipes 5 enters the pipe heater 1 through one valve group hot air pipe 8 for heating, and then enters the two flexible heat supply pipes 5 again through the other valve group hot air pipe 8, and the pressure vessel 4 is heat-insulated by thermal radiation through the flexible heat supply pipes 5;

[0087] In actual use, when the temperature in the pressure container 4 reaches the preset temperature, if no insulation treatment is performed, the temperature in the pressure container 4 will gradually decrease, and the test time and test requirements required by the container cannot be achieved, making the test result unreliable.

[0088] In this embodiment, after the pressure vessel 4 is heated, it is only necessary to control the switching of the dual-purpose heating valve group through the valve stem pusher 3, so that the pressure vessel 4 can be thermally radiated and insulated through the flexible heating pipe 5. The whole operation process is simple and convenient, and the switching between heating and insulation is convenient, which can effectively reduce the test time and improve the accuracy of the test results.

[0089] It should be noted that, in the heating state, the conical valve core 10 extends to the outside of the valve body 9, the hot gas pipeline 8 of the valve group is connected to the inner cavity of the pressure vessel 4, and the annular reversing body 12 is located at the position of the pipeline joint 13 to seal the pipeline joint 13; in the insulation or supplementary heat state, the conical valve core 10 retracts into the valve body 9, the hot gas pipeline 8 of the valve group is not connected to the inner cavity of the pressure vessel 4, and the annular reversing body 12 is located away from the pipeline joint 13, so that the pipeline joint 13 and the hot gas pipeline 8 of the valve group are connected to each other.

[0090] Step 4: Pressurize the inner cavity of the pressure vessel. The process is as follows:

[0091] Step 401, open the pressurizing pipeline for pressurization: the pressurizing pipeline 6 is provided with a pressure valve 17 connected to the controller 16, the pressure valve 17 is opened by the controller 16, and nitrogen is filled into the pressure vessel 4 through the pressurizing pipeline 6. As nitrogen is continuously filled into the pressure vessel 4, the temperature in the pressure vessel 4 gradually decreases. When the pressure value collected by the pressure sensor 15 reaches the preset pressure, the pressure valve 17 is closed and the pressurization is stopped. At this time, the temperature in the pressure vessel 4 is lower than the preset temperature;

[0092] In actual use, nitrogen is filled into the pressure vessel 4 through the pressurizing pipeline 6. Since nitrogen is an inert gas, it can pressurize the pressure vessel 4 while ensuring the safety of the entire test process.

[0093] In this embodiment, the preset pressure is 3 MPa, which needs to be achieved by continuously filling the pressure vessel 4 with nitrogen for about 11 hours.

[0094] Step 402: the speed of the fan 2 is increased by the controller 16, and the temperature of the inner cavity of the pressure vessel 4 is gradually increased under the heat radiation of the flexible heat supply pipe 5. When the temperature value collected by the temperature sensor 14 reaches the preset temperature, the speed of the fan 2 is reduced to the initial speed by the controller 16;

[0095] In actual use, without changing the internal pressure of the pressure vessel 4, the temperature of the pressure vessel 4 can only be increased through the flexible heat supply pipe 5. Therefore, the rotation speed of the fan 2 needs to be increased by 30% based on the initial rotation speed to achieve heating of the pressure vessel 4 through heat radiation.

[0096] Step 403, observe the pressure vessel 4 for 24 hours to see if there is any abnormal sound or change in the inner cavity pressure during the test. If there is no abnormal sound or change in the inner cavity pressure of the pressure vessel 4, it means that the plate quality of the pressure vessel 4 is qualified, and step 5 is executed; if there is an abnormal sound or change in the inner cavity pressure of the pressure vessel 4, it means that there is a quality problem in the pressure vessel 4, and the test is stopped, and the inspector conducts a comprehensive inspection of the pressure vessel 4;

[0097] In actual use, the pressure vessel 4 is a composite plate container, so the base layer may separate under high temperature and high pressure, and the separation will produce abnormal noise, which is generally loud and easy for inspectors to hear. If there is no abnormal noise, it is considered that the quality of the composite plate is qualified.

[0098] Step 5. After the test is finished, check the condition of the pressure vessel: turn off the fan 2 through the controller 16. When the temperature in the pressure vessel 4 drops to room temperature, the inspector checks whether there are cracks in the weld of the pressure vessel 4. If there are cracks in the weld of the pressure vessel 4, it means that the welding quality of the pressure vessel 4 is unqualified, and the crack position is repaired by welding; if there are no cracks in the weld of the pressure vessel 4, it proves that the overall quality of the pressure vessel 4 is qualified.

[0099] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent structural change made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for conducting a hot gas cycle test of a pressure vessel using a hot gas cycle test system, characterized in that: The system comprises a pipe heater (1), a fan (2) and two dual-purpose valve groups for adding or supplementing heat, which are arranged inside a pressure vessel (4); the air outlet of the pipe heater (1) is connected to one of the dual-purpose valve groups for adding or supplementing heat via an external hot air pipeline (7); the air inlet of the pipe heater (1) is connected to the air outlet of the fan (2); the air inlet of the fan (2) is connected to the other dual-purpose valve group for adding or supplementing heat via an external hot air pipeline (7); the two dual-purpose valve groups for adding or supplementing heat are connected via two flexible hot air pipelines (5); each of the two dual-purpose valve groups for adding or supplementing heat is connected to the air outlet of the fan (2); The heating and supplementing dual-purpose valve group is connected to a valve stem pusher (3); the pressure vessel (4) is connected to a pressurizing pipeline (6) which is interconnected with its inner cavity; the pressurizing pipeline (6) is installed with a temperature sensor (14) for measuring the inner cavity temperature of the pressure vessel (4) and a pressure sensor (15) for measuring the inner cavity pressure of the pressure vessel (4); the pipeline heater (1), the fan (2), the valve stem pusher (3), the temperature sensor (14) and the pressure sensor (15) are all connected to a controller (16); The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Test preparation. The process is as follows: Step 101, measuring the inner cavity size of the pressure vessel (4), and determining the length of the flexible heat supply pipe (5) according to the inner cavity length of the pressure vessel (4), so that the flexible heat supply pipe (5) can be smoothly installed in the pressure vessel (4) and has a sufficient length; Step 102: Install two dual-purpose valve groups for heating and supplementing heat in the pressure vessel (4); connect the two dual-purpose valve groups for heating and supplementing heat via two flexible supplementary heat pipes (5); connect the pipe heater (1) and the fan (2); connect the pipe heater (1) and one dual-purpose valve group for heating and supplementing heat via an external hot air pipe (7); and connect the fan (2) and another dual-purpose valve group for heating and supplementing heat via an external hot air pipe (7); The dual-purpose valve group for adding heat and supplementing heat comprises a valve group hot gas pipeline (8) connected to an external hot gas pipeline (7); one end of the valve group hot gas pipeline (8) extends out of the pressure vessel (4) and is connected to the external hot gas pipeline (7); the other end of the valve group hot gas pipeline (8) is provided with a valve body (9) and a conical valve core (10) that cooperate with each other; the valve stem pusher (3) is arranged on the outside of the pressure vessel (4) and is connected to the conical valve core (10) via a valve stem (11); one end of the valve stem (11) is fixed on the conical valve core (10); and two pipe joints (13) for connecting a flexible supplementary heat pipeline (5) are symmetrically connected to the valve group hot gas pipeline (8); Step 103, purging the pressure vessel (4) with dry nitrogen or pure air and sealing it; Step 2: parameter setting and data collection: using the keyboard to set the heating temperature of the pipe heater (1) and the initial speed of the fan (2), using the keyboard to set the preset temperature and preset pressure required by the pressure vessel (4), using the temperature sensor (14) to collect the inner cavity temperature of the pressure vessel (4), using the pressure sensor (15) to collect the inner cavity pressure of the pressure vessel (4), and the temperature sensor (14) and the pressure sensor (15) to upload the output data to the controller (16) in real time; Step 3: Circulation heating of the inner cavity of the pressure vessel, the process is as follows: Step 301, heating the air in the inner cavity of the pressure vessel: the pressurizing pipeline (6) is closed, and the valve stem pusher (3) is started through the controller (16), so that the valve stem pusher (3) pushes the valve stem (11), and the valve group hot air pipeline (8) is connected to the inner cavity of the pressure vessel (4). The controller (16) controls the fan (2) to start, and the air in the inner cavity of the pressure vessel (4) enters the pipeline heater (1) through one valve group hot air pipeline (8) under the action of the fan (2) and is heated, and then enters the pressure vessel (4) through another valve group hot air pipeline (8), so that the internal temperature of the pressure vessel (4) is increased; Step 302, determining whether the temperature of the inner cavity of the pressure vessel reaches a preset temperature: when the temperature value collected by the temperature sensor (14) reaches the preset temperature, executing step 303; otherwise, executing step 301; Step 303, heat preservation of the pressure vessel: the valve stem pusher (3) is started by the controller (16), so that the valve stem pusher (3) pulls the valve stem (11), and the two valve group hot air pipes (8) are connected to the flexible heat supply pipe (5) through the pipe joint (13). Under the action of the fan (2), the air in the two flexible heat supply pipes (5) enters the pipe heater (1) through one valve group hot air pipe (8) for heating, and then enters the two flexible heat supply pipes (5) again through the other valve group hot air pipe (8), and the pressure vessel (4) is heat-insulated by thermal radiation through the flexible heat supply pipes (5); Step 4: Pressurize the inner cavity of the pressure vessel. The process is as follows: Step 401, opening the pressurizing pipeline for pressurization: a pressure valve (17) connected to the controller (16) is provided on the pressurizing pipeline (6), the pressure valve (17) is opened by the controller (16), and nitrogen is filled into the pressure container (4) through the pressurizing pipeline (6). As nitrogen is continuously filled into the pressure container (4), the temperature in the pressure container (4) gradually decreases. When the pressure value collected by the pressure sensor (15) reaches a preset pressure, the pressure valve (17) is closed and pressurization is stopped. At this time, the temperature in the pressure container (4) is lower than the preset temperature. Step 402: the rotation speed of the fan (2) is increased by the controller (16), and the temperature of the inner cavity of the pressure vessel (4) gradually increases under the heat radiation of the flexible heat supply pipe (5). When the temperature value collected by the temperature sensor (14) reaches a preset temperature, the rotation speed of the fan (2) is reduced to the initial rotation speed by the controller (16); Step 403, during the 24-hour observation test, the pressure vessel (4) is observed to see if there is any abnormal sound or any change in the inner cavity pressure. When the pressure vessel (4) has no abnormal sound and the inner cavity pressure has no change, it indicates that the plate material of the pressure vessel (4) is of qualified quality, and step 5 is executed. When the pressure vessel (4) has an abnormal sound or the inner cavity pressure has changed, it indicates that there is a quality problem in the pressure vessel (4), and the test is stopped, and the inspector conducts a comprehensive inspection of the pressure vessel (4); Step 5. After the test is completed, check the condition of the pressure vessel: turn off the fan (2) through the controller (16). When the temperature in the pressure vessel (4) drops to room temperature, the inspector checks whether there are cracks in the weld of the pressure vessel (4). If there are cracks in the weld of the pressure vessel (4), it means that the welding quality of the pressure vessel (4) is unqualified, and the crack position is repaired by welding; if there are no cracks in the weld of the pressure vessel (4), it proves that the overall quality of the pressure vessel (4) is qualified.

2. A method for performing a hot gas cycle test on a pressure vessel using a hot gas cycle test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve body (9) is a tapered pipe connected to the end of the valve group hot gas pipe (8), and the diameter of the valve body (9) gradually shrinks inward from an end close to the valve group hot gas pipe (8) to an end away from the valve group hot gas pipe (8).

3. A method for performing a hot gas cycle test on a pressure vessel using a hot gas cycle test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The other end of the valve stem (11) passes through the entire valve group hot air pipeline (8) and is connected to the valve stem pusher (3).

4. A method for performing a hot gas cycle test on a pressure vessel using a hot gas cycle test system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pipe joints (13) are arranged in the pressure vessel (4); the two pipe joints (13) on one valve group hot gas pipe (8) are connected to the two pipe joints (13) on another valve group hot gas pipe (8) via a flexible heat supplement pipe (5), respectively; the two flexible heat supplement pipes (5) are arranged opposite to each other.

5. A method for performing a hot gas cycle test on a pressure vessel using a hot gas cycle test system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pipe joint (13) is a bent pipe joint, one end of the pipe joint (13) is mounted on the valve block hot air pipe (8) via a flange, and the other end of the pipe joint (13) is connected to the end of the flexible heat supply pipe (5).

6. A method for performing a hot gas cycle test on a pressure vessel using a hot gas cycle test system according to claim 4, characterized in that: An annular reversing body (12) for opening and closing a pipeline joint (13) is mounted on the valve stem (11); the annular reversing body (12) is located in a hot gas pipeline (8) of the valve assembly.

7. A method for performing a hot gas cycle test on a pressure vessel using a hot gas cycle test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve stem pusher (3) is a cylinder, and one end of the valve stem (11) extending outside the pressure container (4) is connected to the piston of the valve stem pusher (3).

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