A round steel cold press forming method

Abstract

The application discloses a round steel cold-pressing forming method, which adopts a special round steel cold-pressing forming device, and comprises an upper die, a lower die and an oil press, wherein the upper die comprises an upper panel, a longitudinal pressing plate and a reinforcing triangular plate, the longitudinal pressing plate is vertically installed on the longitudinal pressing plate, and the longitudinal pressing plate is connected with the upper panel through the reinforcing triangular plate on both sides; the lower die comprises a lower panel, a positioning plate, a movable inserting plate and a side baffle, the positioning plate is vertically and symmetrically installed on both sides of the lower panel, the movable inserting plate is detachably fixed to the inner side of the positioning plate, the inner side of the positioning plate is provided with a matching closing sliding groove, and the side baffle is arranged between the positioning plates and located on the outer side of the movable inserting plate; the upper panel is fixedly installed on the upper pressing head of the oil press, and the lower panel is fixedly installed on the workbench of the oil press. The application replaces the manual heating forming method, is suitable for cold-pressing forming of round steels with various diameters, and improves the production efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of shipbuilding, and particularly relates to a round steel cold-press forming method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of modern shipbuilding, the bow column plate and the stern column plate of the bow and stern sections are replaced by large-diameter linear round steel with a diameter of 100-180 mm in the ship design, which solves the problem of difficult welding of the bow column plate and the stern column plate. The traditional method of processing large-diameter round steel is to make a linear template for each part according to the linear type, fix it on the fire platform, heat it to red, and then manually bend it to form. This processing method requires one template for each part, so each part needs to be made into a template, and the processing of each round steel requires 8 people to work simultaneously, which takes 2 days to complete. Moreover, the whole process is labor-intensive, has a high risk coefficient, and the surface quality of the completed product is not controlled. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the problems in the prior art, the present application provides a round steel cold-press forming method, which can replace traditional hot processing and apply mechanical force of an oil press vertically downward to the round steel to achieve cold pressing and forming, thereby meeting the forming requirements of all linear round steels in the process of ship section construction.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0005] The present application provides a round steel cold-press forming method, which adopts a specially-made round steel cold-press forming device, including an upper die, a lower die and an oil press. The upper die includes an upper panel, a longitudinal pressing plate, a reinforcing triangular plate and a matching sliding plate. The longitudinal pressing plate is vertically installed at the center line of the upper panel, and the two sides of the longitudinal pressing plate are connected to the upper panel through the reinforcing triangular plate. The two sides of the longitudinal pressing plate are provided with the matching sliding plate. The lower die includes a lower panel, a positioning plate, a movable insert plate and a side baffle. The positioning plate is vertically and symmetrically installed on the two sides of the lower panel. The movable insert plate is detachably fixed to the inner side of the positioning plate. The top of the movable insert plate is provided with a fixing groove matched with the round steel from top to bottom. The inner side of the positioning plate is provided with a matching sliding groove matched with the matching sliding plate. The side baffle is arranged between the two positioning plates and located on the outer side of the movable insert plate. The upper panel is fixedly installed on the upper pressing head of the oil press, and the lower panel is fixedly installed on the workbench of the oil press. The method includes the following steps:

[0006] Step 1, fixing the upper panel 1 in the upper die on the upper pressing head of the oil press, and fixing the lower panel 5 of the lower die on the workbench of the oil press;

[0007] Step 2, installing the appropriate movable insert plate 7 in the lower die according to the diameter of the round steel 10 to be processed; Step 3, placing the round steel 10 to be processed on the movable insert plate 7;

[0008] Step 3, on the cross section of the round steel 10 to be processed, a cross line is drawn from the center point of the cross section, and the cross lines of the two end cross sections are symmetrical;

[0009] Step 4, taking one of the cross lines as a reference, draw a reference line along the length direction of the round steel 10 to be processed;

[0010] Step 5, weld a lifting lug along the other cross line, which is used for moving forward and backward when the round steel 10 to be processed is pressed and for lifting;

[0011] Step 6, use a shaped wood template or shaped data to press the linear iron sample in the round steel cold pressing forming device to verify whether it meets the forming standard; the shaped data is a shaped wood template or a 1:1 paper linear profile provided by the design department, and the operator knocks the iron sample according to the shaped wood template or the paper linear profile. The iron sample generally adopts 6*30 or 6*40 flat steel. After the iron sample is knocked, the bow and stern are marked according to the information on the shaped wood template or the paper. When the round steel is pressed in the cold pressing die, the iron sample is used to correct the forming effect;

[0012] Step 7, hoist the round steel 10 to be processed into the movable plug plate 7 of the lower die of the oil press, and the reference line on the longitudinal surface of the round steel is upwardly matched with the vertical center pressure point of the longitudinal pressing plate 2 in the upper die;

[0013] Step 8, the center pressure point of the longitudinal pressing plate 2 is aligned with the reference line during the pressing process to prevent twisting during the pressing process of the round steel;

[0014] Step 9, during the pressing process, the linear iron sample is used to check the pressing forming effect every 1-2 times of pressing to prevent overforming;

[0015] Step 10, draw the position where the pressing does not reach the iron sample forming effect, and press again to reach the design forming requirement;

[0016] Step 11, after the round steel is pressed and formed, it is hoisted to the platform to check the flatness of the round steel.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution, the positioning plate is of an asymmetric U-shaped structure, and the longer side of the positioning plate is provided with the matching sliding groove.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution, the height of the upper die when completely matched with the lower die is 4 / 5 of the effective working stroke of the oil press.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution, the area of the upper panel is equal to the area of the bottom surface of the upper pressing head.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution, the movable plug plate is connected with the positioning clamping or connected through bolts and nuts.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution, the upper mold and the lower mold are both made of steel material.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0023] (1) The present application replaces manual heating forming, reduces energy consumption and thus reduces shipbuilding cost, can be applied to cold pressing of round steel of various diameters, improves production efficiency and has certain popularization prospect.

[0024] (2) The present application can replace the movable insert plate according to the shape of the round steel, solves the disadvantage that one part needs to be made with one template during manual heating, saves material consumption and conforms to the concept of environmental protection and green shipbuilding.

[0025] (3) The present application can meet the processing and forming requirements of all linear round steels in the process of ship block construction, reduces the use of manpower and greatly reduces the shipbuilding cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structure diagram of the upper mold in the round steel cold pressing device of the present application.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a structure diagram of the lower mold in the round steel cold pressing device of the present application.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a use state diagram of the round steel cold pressing device of the present application.

[0030] Among them, the specific explanation of the reference signs is as follows: upper panel 1, longitudinal pressing plate 2, reinforcing triangular plate 3, closing sliding plate 4, lower panel 5, positioning plate 6, movable insert plate 7, closing sliding groove 8, side baffle 9, round steel to be processed 10, fixed groove 11. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0032] This embodiment provides a round steel cold pressing forming device, including an upper mold, a lower mold and a hydraulic press.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the upper mold includes an upper panel 1, a longitudinal pressure plate 2, a reinforcing triangular plate 3, and a mating slide plate 4. The longitudinal pressure plate 2 is vertically installed at the center line of the upper panel 1, forming a T-shaped structure. The reinforcing triangular plate 3 is welded to both sides of the longitudinal pressure plate 2 and also welded to the upper panel 1, serving a reinforcing function. The mating slide plate 4 is thickly welded to both sides of the longitudinal pressure plate 2 and mates with the mating groove 8 in the lower mold, facilitating installation and determining the vertical center pressure point after installation. The upper panel 1 is fixedly installed on the upper pressure head of the hydraulic press. The area of ​​the upper panel 1 is equal to the bottom area of ​​the upper pressure head for safe connection and fixation. Holes are opened on both sides of the upper panel 1, corresponding to the bolt holes of the upper pressure head of the hydraulic press, facilitating the connection between the upper mold and the upper pressure head of the hydraulic press. The thickness of the upper panel 1 is 25mm, the thickness of the longitudinal pressure plate 2 is 45mm, the thickness of the reinforcing triangular plate 3 is 25mm, and the thickness of the mating slide plate 4 is 25mm.

[0034] like Figure 2As shown, the lower mold includes a lower panel 5, positioning plate 6, movable plug plate 7 and side baffle 9, the positioning plate 6 is vertically and symmetrically installed on both sides of the lower panel 5, the movable plug plate 7 is detachably fixed on the inner side of the positioning plate 6, and is connected with the positioning plate 6 by clamping or through bolt and nut connection. The top of the movable plug plate 7 is provided with a fixed groove 11 matched with the round steel from top to bottom, and the movable plug plate 7 with different diameter fixed grooves 11 is replaced according to the processing of round steel with different diameters, and is installed on the inner side of the positioning plate 6 and can be replaced flexibly. The inner side of the positioning plate 6 is provided with a matching butt sliding groove 8, and the side baffle 9 is arranged between the two positioning plates 6 and located on the outer side of the movable plug plate 7. The lower panel 5 ensures that the whole lower mold can be safely and firmly fixed on the workbench of the oil press during the whole operation, and its area is designed according to the size of the workbench of the oil press, and is fixed and installed. The positioning plate 6 is of asymmetric U-shaped structure, one side with longer length is used for installing the butt sliding groove 8, and the other side with lower height is convenient for feeding and discharging. Among them, the thickness of the lower panel 5 is 25mm, the thickness of the positioning plate 6 is 45mm, the thickness of the butt sliding groove 8 is 25mm, the thickness of the side baffle 9 is 45mm, the height of the side baffle 9 is 100mm, and the round steel is prevented from moving in the movable plug plate 7 during pressing.

[0035] The height of the upper mold when completely matched with the lower mold is 4 / 5 of the effective working stroke of the oil press, in order to ensure that the vertical pressure of the oil press is used to the maximum extent, 1 / 5 of the effective working stroke of the oil press is left as the actual working stroke to facilitate feeding and discharging.

[0036] In the embodiment, the upper mold and the lower mold are both made of steel material.

[0037] The working process is as follows, Figure 3 As shown, the embodiment provides a round steel cold pressing forming method:

[0038] Step 1, fix the upper panel 1 in the upper mold on the upper pressing head of the oil press, and fix the lower panel 5 of the lower mold on the workbench of the oil press.

[0039] Step 2, according to the diameter of the round steel 10 to be processed, select the appropriate movable plug plate 7 and install it in the lower mold.

[0040] Step 3, on the cross section of both ends of the round steel 10 to be processed, extend a cross line from the center point of the cross section, and the cross lines of the cross sections of both ends are symmetrical.

[0041] Step 4, taking one of the cross lines as a reference, draw a reference line along the length direction of the round steel 10 to be processed.

[0042] Step 5, weld a lifting code along the other cross line, which is used for moving forward and backward and lifting during pressing of the round steel 10 to be processed.

[0043] Step 6, the round steel is pressed in the round steel cold pressing forming device with the shaped wood template or shaped data to press the linear iron sample to verify whether it meets the shaping standard. The shaped data is the shaped wood template or 1:1 drawing line type provided by the design department. The operator knocks the iron sample according to the shaped wood template or drawing line type. The iron sample generally adopts 6*30 or 6*40 flat steel. After the iron sample is knocked, the bow and stern are marked according to the information on the shaped wood template or drawing. When the round steel is pressed in the cold pressing die, the iron sample is used to correct the shaping effect.

[0044] Step 7, the round steel 10 to be processed is hoisted to the movable plug plate 7 fixed groove 11 in the lower die of the oil press. The reference line on the longitudinal surface of the round steel is upwardly matched with the vertical center pressure point of the longitudinal pressing plate 2 in the upper die.

[0045] Step 8, the center pressure point of the longitudinal pressing plate 2 is aligned with the reference line during the pressing process to prevent the round steel from being twisted during the pressing process.

[0046] Step 9, the linear iron sample is used to check the pressing forming effect during the pressing process every 1-2 times of pressing to prevent over shaping.

[0047] Step 10, the position where the pressing does not reach the iron sample shaping effect is drawn, and the pressing is pressed again to reach the design shaping requirement.

[0048] Step 11, the round steel is hoisted to the platform after being pressed and shaped to check the flatness of the round steel.

[0049] The round steel is bent and shaped by fire without using the round steel cold pressing forming device. 8 people are needed to work simultaneously to process each round steel, which takes 2 days to complete. However, using the round steel cold pressing forming device of the embodiment, 4 people are needed to operate, which only takes 3 hours. The economic benefit is 10 times that of the original. As shown in the following table:

[0050] Work flow Personnel Work time Forming rate Labor intensity Heating bending forming 8 2 days Multiple heating Large Cold bending forming 4 3 hours One forming Small

[0051] Although the above embodiment has been specifically described, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements can be made based on the disclosure of the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and these modifications and improvements are within the spirit and scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for cold pressing round steel bars, characterized in that, A specially designed round steel cold-pressing forming device includes an upper mold, a lower mold, and a hydraulic press. The upper mold includes an upper panel, a longitudinal pressure plate, a reinforcing triangular plate, and a mating slide plate. The longitudinal pressure plate is vertically installed at the center line of the upper panel. The two sides of the longitudinal pressure plate are connected to the upper panel through the reinforcing triangular plate. The mating slide plates are provided on both sides of the longitudinal pressure plate. The lower mold includes a lower panel, a positioning plate, a movable insert plate, and a side baffle. The positioning plate is vertically and symmetrically installed on both sides of the lower panel. The movable insert plate is detachably fixed to the inner side of the positioning plate. The top of the movable insert plate has a fixing groove from top to bottom that matches the round steel. The inner side of the positioning plate has a mating slide groove that matches the mating slide plate. The side baffle is located between the two positioning plates and outside the movable insert plate. The upper panel is fixedly installed on the upper pressure head of the hydraulic press, and the lower panel is fixedly installed on the worktable of the hydraulic press. The process includes the following steps: Step 1. Fix the upper panel of the upper mold to the upper press head of the hydraulic press, and fix the lower panel of the lower mold to the worktable of the hydraulic press; Step 2. Select a suitable movable insert plate according to the diameter of the round steel to be processed and install it in the lower mold; Step 3. On the cross-sections at both ends of the round steel to be processed, extend cross lines from the center point of the cross-section, and make the cross lines at both ends symmetrical; Step 4. Using one of the crosshairs as a reference, draw a baseline along the length of the round steel bar to be processed; Step 5. Weld lifting brackets along another line of the crosshairs for moving and lifting the round steel bars to be processed during pressing; Step 6. Press a linear iron sample into a round steel cold pressing device using a pre-formed wooden template or forming data to verify whether it meets the forming standards; Step 7. Hoist the round steel to be processed into the fixed groove of the movable insert plate in the lower mold of the hydraulic press, with the baseline on the longitudinal surface of the round steel facing upward and coinciding with the vertical center pressure point of the longitudinal pressure plate in the upper mold; Step 8. During the pressing process, align the center pressure point of the longitudinal pressure plate with the baseline to prevent twisting during the pressing of the round steel. Step 9. During the pressing process, check the pressing effect with a linear iron sample every 1-2 times of pressing to prevent over-pressing; Step 10. Mark the areas where the pressing did not achieve the desired iron sample forming effect, and press again to achieve the designed forming requirements; Step 11. After pressing the round steel into shape, hoist it onto the platform to check the flatness of the round steel forming.

2. The method for cold pressing round steel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning plate has an asymmetrical U-shaped structure, with the mating groove provided on the longer side.

3. The method for cold pressing round steel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The height at which the upper mold and the lower mold are fully engaged is 4 / 5 of the effective working stroke of the hydraulic press.

4. The method for cold pressing round steel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The area of ​​the upper panel is equal to the area of ​​the bottom surface of the upper pressure head.

5. The method for cold pressing round steel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The movable insert plate is engaged with the positioning plate or connected by bolts and nuts.

6. The method for cold pressing round steel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the upper mold and the lower mold are made of steel.

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