A tunnel comprehensive construction trolley and construction method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tunnel comprehensive construction trolley and a construction method. The trolley includes a plurality of step-by-step rock drills provided on the trolley body and having a drill-holding and drill-retracting device capable of withdrawing the drill bit when the drill rig is stuck; preferably, the trolley is provided with an arch mounting device, and the step-by-step rock drill is arranged by a universal arm; the trolley body is formed into a multi-layer movable structure by a bottom trolley, an intermediate trolley and a top trolley, and the arch frame is transported and installed on the trolley through two arch lifting devices and a plurality of arch bearing trolleys arranged on the lifting beam. The construction method is implemented based on the above-mentioned trolley. The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the trolley has comprehensive operation capabilities, and can conveniently withdraw the drill bit when the drill is stuck, and the construction method can be converted, and the conversion is convenient and the structure is stable; it is particularly suitable for solving the slow construction progress, low efficiency and long-term loss problems that have plagued the industry for many years. The construction method is implemented based on the above-mentioned trolley, and its construction efficiency is high, the progress is fast and the cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to tunnel construction technology, in particular to a tunnel comprehensive construction trolley and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] A tunnel construction trolley is a trolley with more than two functions, which can realize at least two operations among multiple operations such as tunneling, arch installation, and secondary lining laying. In tunneling operations, including drilling blasting holes and blasting operations, blasting holes are usually drilled by rock drills. In order to improve tunneling efficiency, the applicant has successively applied for a stepping rock drill, and then applied it to a tunnel construction trolley to form a multi-head tunneling drilling trolley. The stepping rock drill is formed by placing a manual shoulder-carried pneumatic rock drill on a guide rail. Specifically, it includes a drilling rig carrying slide and a gas leg carrying slide that can move on the guide rail. The drilling rig is set on the drilling rig carrying slide, one end of the gas leg is connected to the drilling rig carrying slide; the other end is connected to the gas leg carrying slide, and a locking device is provided between the two slides and the guide rail. When the drilling rig carrying slide is locked, the gas leg carrying slide moves forward or backward along the drilling direction as the gas leg is retracted or extended; when the gas leg carrying slide is locked, the drilling rig and the drilling rig carrying slide move forward and backward as the gas leg is extended or retracted; thus, a step-by-step rock drilling is formed, and automation can be achieved through simple industrial control technology. Compared with large-scale special large-scale rock drilling equipment, the drilling rig has low cost, low maintenance and use costs, and is particularly suitable for tunnel construction by domestic construction teams. However, in the actual construction process, due to factors such as changes in the geological structure of the tunnel, the drill bit is inevitably stuck. Although the gas leg has the function of retracting the drill, due to the large force of the drill, the gas leg is limited by its own structure and function and cannot smoothly withdraw the drill bit. In addition, the existing tunnel excavation methods mainly include full-section excavation, two-step excavation and three-step excavation. Although there are trolleys that are suitable for excavation mode conversion, the comprehensive operation capacity of the existing trolleys is limited, and there is no arch installation facility on the tunnel excavation trolley. Therefore, after tunnel excavation, it is necessary to withdraw and continue the operation by a special arch installation trolley, which not only leads to low construction efficiency, but also a large number of trolleys and a long construction step, and there are safety hazards of not installing the arch in time. For this reason, it is necessary to continue to improve. Summary of the invention

[0003] The first purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel comprehensive construction trolley to address the shortcomings of existing rock drilling trolleys, which are that it is difficult to withdraw the drill bit when the drill bit is stuck, which in turn affects the construction efficiency. By setting a drill-stuck and drill-withdrawing device on the stepping rock drill on the trolley, it is ensured that during the excavation process of the trolley, when the drill bit is stuck or stuck due to changes in the properties of the surrounding rock or other factors, the drill bit can be easily withdrawn, thereby ensuring smooth excavation and correspondingly improving the construction efficiency. Further, by setting the trolley into a multi-layer movable structure and providing an arch frame installation device on the trolley, a multifunctional trolley with convertible construction methods and excavation and arch frame installation can be realized. The second purpose of the present invention is to provide a construction method including the aforementioned trolley. The method is implemented based on the aforementioned trolley, and has high construction efficiency and diverse functions.

[0004] To achieve the first purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0005] A tunnel comprehensive construction trolley comprises a plurality of step-by-step rock drills arranged on a trolley body; the step-by-step rock drills are provided with a drill-holding and drill-retracting device for withdrawing a drill bit when the drill is stuck.

[0006] The present invention adopts the above-mentioned technical solution. A drill-holding and drill-retracting device for withdrawing the drill bit when the drill rig is stuck is provided on the step-by-step rock drill constituting the multi-head excavation trolley. When the drill bit is stuck or jammed due to changes in the properties of the surrounding rock or other factors during the excavation of the trolley, the drill bit can be conveniently withdrawn, thereby ensuring smooth excavation and correspondingly improving construction efficiency.

[0007] Preferably, the stepping rock drill comprises a rock drilling machine, a guide rail, and a drilling rig bearing slide, wherein a first locking device is provided between the drilling rig bearing slide and the guide rail; the drill withdrawal device comprises a locking slider and a drill withdrawal oil cylinder, wherein the drill withdrawal oil cylinder is connected between the drilling rig bearing slide and the locking slider, and the locking slider is provided on the drilling rig bearing slide so as to be movable only longitudinally; and the first locking device is provided between the locking slider and the guide rail. By providing a drill withdrawal device between the drilling rig bearing platform and the guide rail, the drill withdrawal device is provided by providing the first locking device of the drilling rig bearing slide between the slider and the guide rail, and the slider can be provided movably relative to the drilling rig bearing guide rail. When the slider and the guide rail are locked by the first locking device, the drilling rig bearing slide can be moved longitudinally under the action of the driving mechanism, so that when the drill needs to be withdrawn after being stuck, the drilling rig bearing slide is retreated to achieve the purpose of withdrawing the drill. The first locking device can be locked and unlocked according to the stuck drill situation, and the driving mechanism can alternately extend and retract, so as to complete the drill withdrawal process of a set distance or length. The drill retraction cylinder can also be replaced by a screw nut auxiliary drive structure or a crank slider drive structure. It has a simple structure, strong drill retraction capability, reliable function, and can be easily controlled automatically. For example, through manual observation or torque detection, it is determined that the drill bit is about to get stuck or is stuck, and the drill retraction action of the drill bit is implemented through wire control, remote control or remote control.

[0008] Further preferably, the front end of the guide rail is provided with a front support sleeve for supporting the drill rod, the middle section of the guide rail is provided with an intermediate support sleeve, and the intermediate support sleeve is provided on the jacking device; and the lower part of the front end of the guide rail is provided with a guide rail fixing device for supporting the guide rail through the rock mass. Taking advantage of the fact that the drill rod of the slender member has a certain deflection, the drill rod is jacked up in the middle of the drill rod to form an arch shape, so that when drilling the peripheral holes, the drill bit forms a certain bending arc to drill into the rock mass, avoiding serious over-excavation caused by the straight-line drilling method, so as to effectively reduce the over-excavation amount and improve the tunnel excavation efficiency. Usually, after the drill bit drills to a certain depth, such as 1-2 meters, the jacking state is released, and the drill hole with a certain arc forms a guide hole for the drill bit to drill forward, forming a drilling method that is the same as the over-excavation reduction measures in the manual drilling process. Among them, the jacking device uses a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, etc. as a power source to reduce the occupied space and facilitate layout. Of course, other linear motion drive structures can also be used if space permits, such as a screw nut auxiliary drive structure, a gear rack drive structure, or a crank slider drive structure; at the same time, a guide rail fixing device is provided below the front end of the guide rail, so as to form a support for the overhanging part of the guide rail through the front end fixing device, thereby improving the support strength and rigidity of the guide rail, thereby improving the drilling speed and construction efficiency. Among them, the guide rail fixing device uses a component that can be inserted into the rock mass to provide support, and different structures can be set according to the characteristics of the tunnel rock mass. For example, for soft rock mass, a steel drill with a cone tip at the front end can be set at the front end of the guide rail, and the steel drill is kept firmly inserted into the rock mass by a tightening spring; a drilling rig can also be fixed at the front end of the guide rail, and after the drill rod is drilled in, the drill rod is used to form a supporting component. Moreover, under the condition of having a guide rail fixing device, the effect of the intermediate jacking device will be more obvious, and the two form a synergistic effect of adjusting the deflection of the drill rod.

[0009] Further preferably, the jacking device includes a jacking base and a lifting block, the jacking base is arranged on the guide rail and fixedly connected with a jacking cylinder, the distal end of the piston rod of the jacking cylinder is connected with a push block, and the front end of the push block is provided with a pushing inclined surface; the lifting block can only be vertically lifted and lowered in the jacking cylinder, the jacking cylinder is fixed on the jacking base, and the lower end of the lifting block is provided with a roller, and the roller is rollingly connected with the pushing inclined surface; the intermediate support sleeve is fixedly connected to the upper end of the lifting block; the guide rail fixing device includes a positioning seat for fixing under the front end of the drill arm, and a positioning rock drill is slidably hoisted on the positioning seat, the front end of the positioning rock drill is used to set the drill rod, and the rear end of the positioning rock drill is provided with a pushing cylinder or an oil cylinder. The jacking device sets the jacking cylinder to be parallel to the longitudinal direction of the drill rod through the jacking inclined surface, so as to make full use of the length space, reduce the height space occupation, and improve the rationality of the layout; the guide rail fixing device sets a small pneumatic rock drill for positioning through the positioning seat arranged below the front end of the drill arm, so that before the main machine drills the hole, the positioning rock drill is used to drill the positioning hole. After the drill bit drills the set length, the drill bit embedded in the rock body is used to provide support and fixation for the far end of the guide rail to enhance stability, so as to achieve the purpose of guide rail positioning. It has a simple structure, is easy to use, and has reliable positioning, which is suitable for tunnel construction of various geology. Among them, the feed of the positioning rock drill is pushed by the jacking cylinder or the oil cylinder. Through appropriate air pressure control, it can not only achieve smooth drilling, but also prevent the drill bit from withdrawing after being embedded, ensuring that the front end of the guide rail is reliably positioned during the initial rock drilling.

[0010] Preferably, the trolley body is also provided with an arch frame installation device; the trolley body includes a bottom trolley and an upper trolley arranged on the bottom trolley; the upper trolley is composed of a top trolley; or the upper trolley is formed by a combination of a top trolley and an intermediate trolley; the top trolley can move longitudinally relative to the adjacent lower trolley; the arch frame installation device includes an arch frame lifting device, a first arch frame lifting device and a second arch frame lifting device; the arch frame lifting device is arranged at the rear end of the trolley body, and the second arch frame lifting device is arranged on the top trolley; in the scheme where the upper trolley is composed of the top trolley, the first arch frame lifting device is arranged on the bottom trolley; in the scheme where the upper trolley is formed by a combination of a top trolley and an intermediate trolley, the first arch frame lifting device is arranged on the intermediate trolley; a plurality of arch frame bearing trolleys that bear the arch frames are movably arranged on the lifting beams of the two lifting devices. An arch installation device is also provided on the trolley body, so that the trolley forms a trolley with both excavation function and arch installation function, so that after excavation or during excavation, the arch can be installed while excavating. When the upper trolley is composed of the top trolley, the trolley as a whole has an upper and lower layer structure. By setting a driving channel on the bottom layer, the upper layer is a telescopic structure that can move relative to the bottom layer. When the upper layer is extended, a three-step construction trolley can be formed, and when the upper layer is retracted, a two-step construction trolley can be formed; obviously, it is more suitable for the conversion between two-step and three-step construction; when the upper trolley is formed by the top trolley and the middle trolley, when the top trolley and the middle trolley are fully retracted, a full-section construction trolley is formed, and when the top trolley and the middle trolley are fully extended, a micro-step construction is formed, so it is suitable for micro-step + full-section set construction mode. Among them, an arch frame lifting device is arranged at the tail of the trolley facing the tunnel entrance, so that the arch frame can be conveniently lifted onto the arch frame carrying trolley of the trolley; since the trolley is provided with multiple carrying trolleys, the arch frames can be lifted onto the corresponding trolleys one by one, and then the arch frames can be pushed to the corresponding installation positions by the mobile trolley, and then, the arch frame can be lifted into place by the arch frame lifting device and then installed and fixed on the tunnel wall. In the construction of two steps, three steps or micro steps, the arch frame can be hoisted as a whole on the trolley of the first lifting device, and after removing the redundant segments at the bottom, the upper arch part can be transferred to the trolley of the second lifting device; or, the arch frame can be hoisted as a whole on the trolley of the first lifting device, and then the second lifting device lifts the arch frame from the trolley of the first lifting device to the trolley of the second lifting device, and after removing the redundant segments at the bottom, it is lifted and installed by the second lifting device, so that after the construction of the steps below the tunnel face below, it can be conveniently installed by lowering it from the trolley through a simple lifting device such as a winch. Compared with the complex conveying mechanism of the arch frame on the trolley in the prior art, the structure is simple, the operation is convenient, the lifting and installation efficiency of the arch frame is high, and it is conducive to reducing the cost of tunnel construction. Among them, the first arch frame lifting device adopts a vertical lifting structure; the second arch frame lifting device is a parallelogram frame lifting structure.The vertical lifting structure occupies a small space and has a compact structure, which is convenient for arrangement on both sides of the platform. There are products of screw nut lifting devices available for purchase on the market, so there is no need to manufacture them by yourself, which saves processing costs and shortens the manufacturing cycle. It can also be lifted by a lifting cylinder. The parallelogram frame lifting structure includes two parallel connecting rods of equal length, one end of which is hinged on the top trolley, and the other end of which is hinged on the lifting beam. A lifting cylinder is connected to any one or two connecting rods. The lifting cylinder drives the connecting rod to swing to realize the lifting of the lifting beam. During the lifting process, the lifting beam changes its longitudinal position as the position of the hinge point at the far end of the connecting rod changes, so as to realize the longitudinal movement of the arch frame along the tunnel with the help of its longitudinal position change. After the lifting beam falls, it occupies a small space, which is convenient for arrangement in the middle of the platform, so as to form a compact and coordinated layout with the first arch frame lifting device of the vertical lifting structure. In addition, the stepping rock drill can be set on each trolley, or it can be set on one of the three layers, or any two of the three layers.

[0011] Further preferably, a gantry is movably provided at the rear end of the top trolley, and a gantry driving cylinder for moving the gantry is provided between the gantry and the top trolley; the stepper rock drill provided on the top trolley is arranged through the gantry. Regardless of whether the two-layer trolley is constructed from two steps to three steps, or the three-layer trolley is constructed from three steps after the full section is converted to micro steps, the construction space corresponding to the three steps is relatively small, and the stepper rock drill can only be arranged on the upper platform and both sides of the top trolley due to the limitation of the trolley structure. This layout is convenient for drilling holes around the face, and when it is necessary to drill a core hole on the face, the drilling rig must be suspended a long distance in front of the trolley to facilitate the adjustment of the drilling angle and position. However, when installing the arch frame on the top-level trolley, it is required that the front end of the top-level trolley is closer to the tunnel face so that the arch frame can be installed closer to the tunnel face, reducing the length of the unsupported section that cannot be supported by the working face and ensuring construction safety; and the rock drill is set up on the gantry, the gantry moves to the front when drilling, and moves back to the rear when the arch frame is installed, so that the entire rock drill is completely or mostly hidden under the top-level trolley, thereby achieving the purpose of being as close to the tunnel face as possible.

[0012] In addition, the top trolley is supported on the top roller by the top I-rail, the front end of the top I-rail is provided with a first hydraulic leg, the top roller is provided on the adjacent lower trolley, the adjacent lower trolley is also provided with a first rail wheel, the first rail wheel rolls and presses on the lower wing plate of the top I-rail; a top driving hydraulic cylinder for driving the top trolley to move is also provided between the top trolley and the adjacent lower trolley. The rolling moving auxiliary structure is formed by the roller, so that the corresponding layer of the trolley can be pushed to move by the hydraulic cylinder, which can effectively simplify the structure, lower the center of gravity, and improve stability. In the scheme formed by the combination of the top trolley and the middle trolley, the bottom trolley is provided with an middle track for guiding the movement of the middle track, the front end of the middle track is provided with a second hydraulic leg, the middle track includes an intermediate I-shaped rail body, the intermediate I-shaped rail body is supported on the middle roller, the middle roller is provided on the bottom trolley, the bottom trolley is also provided with a second track-gripping wheel, the second track-gripping wheel rolls and presses on the lower wing plate of the middle I-shaped rail body of the middle track; a track-driving hydraulic cylinder for driving the movement of the middle track is also provided between the bottom trolley and the middle roller; the middle trolley can move on the middle track. The structure can be effectively simplified, the center of gravity can be lowered, and the stability can be improved.

[0013] Preferably, the stepping rock drill is arranged on the trolley body through a universal arm; the universal arm includes a large arm, a front support is provided at the front end of the large arm, the front support is hinged to the front end of the large arm, and a hydraulic strut is also provided between the free end of the front support and the large arm; the front support is rotatably provided with a guide rail sliding frame through a first pivot, and a guide rail sliding frame rotation driving cylinder is connected between the guide rail sliding frame and the front support; the guide rail sliding frame is rotatably provided with a guide rail support through a second pivot parallel to the bearing surface of the front support, and the guide rail support and the guide rail sliding frame rotation driving oil cylinder are connected A flipping drive device for driving the guide rail support to flip is provided between the cylinders; the stepping rock drill is provided on the guide rail support; wherein the guide rail sliding frame is in the shape of a long strip, and at least two guide rail supports are distributed in the length direction of the guide rail sliding frame; the flipping drive cylinders on the multiple guide rail supports are synchronously extended and retracted; the guide rail support is in the form of a slide structure, the stepping rock drill is movably provided on the guide rail support, and a mobile drive cylinder is provided between the guide rail support and the stepping rock drill, and the mobile drive cylinder is used to drive the stepping rock drill to move on the guide rail support. The universal arm is a manipulator arm with multiple degrees of freedom, which is widely used in various large and small equipment, such as the arm of a robot in the automation equipment of industrial production, or the cement slurry spraying anchor of large construction equipment, and the manipulator arm used as a construction unit in large tunnel construction equipment; the stepping rock drill is a mechanized rock drilling equipment used to replace manual rock drilling in tunnel construction, which is formed by setting a manual shoulder-carrying pneumatic rock drill on the guide rail. It can realize the automated rock drilling with step-by-step advancement through simple industrial control technology. Compared with large-scale special large-scale rock drilling equipment, it is low in cost, maintenance and use cost, and is particularly suitable for tunnel construction by domestic construction teams. This solution combines the two, using the telescopic arm structure of the universal arm to hide the stepping rock drill in the internal space of the trolley, and after extending it, it can realize rock drilling, and use the stepping rock drill to realize the automatic feeding drilling method. The trolley function is significantly increased, providing effective guarantee for the mechanized construction of the tunnel. The universal arm is provided with a two-stage rotating mounting seat on the front support. The bearing surface of the front support forms the UV plane of the relative coordinate system UVW. The guide rail sliding frame can rotate around the W axis in the bearing surface. The stepping rock drill installed on the guide rail support can adjust the drilling direction. The guide rail sliding frame is in a long strip shape, which is convenient for setting the stepping rock drill so that the longitudinal direction of the rock drill guide rail is consistent with the length direction of the guide rail sliding frame. The second pivot axis is set along the length direction of the longitudinal beam, and the second pivot axis is parallel to the V axis. The rock drill can rotate longitudinally with the second pivot to meet the drilling position adjustment requirements of the peripheral holes of the tunnel face. The overall longitudinal movement of the rock drill relative to the guide rail support can be realized, and the telescopic length of the boom can be compensated, which is more convenient for adjusting the drilling position and the guide rail movement adjustment requirements during the fixing process of the front end of the guide rail. The front support can be rotated around the U axis in the VW plane of the UVW relative coordinate system to achieve fine adjustment of the drilling rig angle.The front support is hinged at the front end of the boom, and the angle is adjusted by the hydraulic strut, so that the front support can rotate around the U axis in the VW plane of the UVW relative coordinate system to achieve fine adjustment of the drilling rig angle. In addition, this solution replaces the traditional hydraulic motor with a structure combining a driving cylinder and a pivot, making the structure simple, reducing the occupied space, reducing the weight, and having reliable functions and a wide range of applications. Among them, the front support hinge axis, the first pivot and the second pivot constitute the UVW relative coordinate system relative to the boom.

[0014] More preferably, the rotation drive device includes a flip drive oil cylinder, and the cylinder body and piston rod of the flip drive oil cylinder are respectively hinged on the guide rail sliding frame and the guide rail support, so as to realize flip drive through a simple and mature telescopic power element, thereby simplifying the structure and reducing the probability of failure.

[0015] More preferably, the boom is a two-stage telescopic structure; the boom is hinged on the boom articulation seat, and the boom articulation seat is hinged on the rear support; a cross universal joint structure is formed between the boom and the rear support through the horizontal intersection axis and the vertical intersection axis on the boom articulation seat; wherein the pitch angle of the boom is adjusted by the pitch adjustment cylinder installed on the boom mounting seat; the horizontal rotation angle of the boom is adjusted by the horizontal adjustment cylinder installed on the rear support; the rear support is fixed to the skeleton of the corresponding layer trolley, and can also be composed of the skeleton of the corresponding layer trolley; when the universal arm is arranged on the platform of the corresponding trolley, the rear support is fixed to the skeleton of the platform part of the corresponding trolley. In the absolute coordinate system XYZ, the hinge axis of the boom and the boom articulation seat is parallel to the X axis, and the hinge axis of the boom and the rear support is parallel to the Z axis, and is telescopic along the Y axis. Ensure that the boom has multiple degrees of freedom to meet the requirements of drilling rig hiding, drilling position adjustment, etc.

[0016] To achieve the second purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0017] A tunnel construction method is implemented based on a trolley for achieving the first purpose of the invention; when the upper trolley is composed of a top trolley, it is used to perform two-step or three-step construction methods; when the top trolley and the middle trolley are combined, it is used to perform micro-step and full-section drilling methods; which includes rock drilling by a stepper rock drill; in a scheme in which the arch frame installation device is composed of an arch frame lifting device, a first arch frame lifting device and a second arch frame lifting device, the arch frame is lifted by an arch frame lifting device arranged at the rear of the trolley body facing the tunnel entrance, the arch frame is transported on the trolley by an arch frame carrying trolley, and the arch frame is lifted by a lifting device for arch frame installation.

[0018] The present invention using the aforementioned technical solution is suitable for the construction of two steps or three steps, and the conversion between two steps and three steps when the trolley is in a two-layer telescopic structure; when it is in a three-layer structure, it is suitable for micro-step or full-section construction, and micro-step + full-section sleeve construction. Among them, the construction content includes rock drilling for tunnel excavation, and arch installation construction immediately after excavation. In the excavation process of three steps or micro steps, it is possible to achieve simultaneous operation of excavation and arch installation; in the construction of two steps or full sections, cross-operation of excavation and arch installation can be achieved, which can effectively improve construction efficiency, and timely install arches to form support, shorten the length of the working surface, and improve construction safety.

[0019] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that when the drill bit is stuck in the rock drilling hole during tunnel excavation, the trolley can conveniently withdraw the drill bit, and further has the function of switching the construction mode, and the switching is convenient, and the step structure is stable and firm during the switching process and after the state switching; it is particularly suitable for solving the problems of slow construction progress, low efficiency, and long-term losses that have plagued the industry for many years. The construction method is implemented based on the above-mentioned trolley, and its construction efficiency is high, the progress is fast, and the cost is low. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic axonometric diagram of the structure including the universal arm and the stepping rock drill in Example 1 of the present invention, wherein the trolley is in a full-section construction state.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic axonometric diagram of the structure of the stepping rock drill in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the jacking device for the stepping rock drill in the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic front view of the guide rail structure for a stepping rock drill of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 The present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of part A in .

[0025] Figure 8 The present invention Figure 7 A top view of the extension locking mechanism, wherein the extension locking mechanism is in a locked state.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic axonometric diagram of the guide rail fixing device for a rock drill in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic front view of the structure of the guide rail fixing device for the rock drill in the present invention.

[0028] Fig. 9It is a partial gas path principle diagram of the present invention.

[0029] Fig.10 It is a schematic axonometric diagram of the structure of the trolley (excluding the rock drill and the universal arm) in Example 1 of the present invention, wherein the trolley is in an expanded state for micro-step construction.

[0030] Fig.11 It is a schematic isometric view of the structure of the second lifting device in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0031] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic axonometric diagram of the middle layer guide rail in the present invention.

[0032] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic axonometric diagram of the universal arm in the present invention.

[0033] Fig.14 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the universal arm in the present invention.

[0034] Fig.15 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the universal arm in the present invention, wherein the guide rail support is in a flipped state at a set angle.

[0035] Fig.16 It is a structural schematic axonometric diagram of the universal arm of the present invention from another perspective.

[0036] Fig.17 It is a structural schematic isometric diagram of the combined state of the universal arm and the stepping rock drill in the present invention.

[0037] Fig.18 It is a schematic axonometric diagram of the structure of a double-layer trolley (excluding a rock drill and a universal arm) according to Example 2 of the present invention, wherein the trolley is in a two-step construction state.

[0038] Fig.19 It is a schematic axonometric diagram of the structure of a double-layer trolley (excluding a rock drill and a universal arm) according to Example 2 of the present invention, wherein the trolley is in an unfolded state for three-step construction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the described embodiments.

[0040] Example 1, see Figure 1 A tunnel comprehensive construction trolley includes a plurality of step-by-step rock drills 400 arranged on a trolley body; the step-by-step rock drill 400 is provided with a drill-holding and drill-retracting device for withdrawing the drill bit when the drill is stuck.

[0041] See also Figure 2The stepping rock drill 400 includes a rock drilling main unit 1, a guide rail 2, a drilling rig carrying slide 3, an air leg 14 and an air leg carrying slide 18, a first locking device is provided between the drilling rig carrying slide 3 and the guide rail 2; a drill retracting device is also provided on the drilling rig carrying slide 3; the drill retracting device includes a locking slider 5 and a driving cylinder 6, the driving cylinder 6 is connected between the drilling rig carrying slide 3 and the locking slider 5, and the locking slider 5 is only longitudinally movable on the drilling rig carrying slide 3; the first locking device is provided between the locking slider 5 and the guide rail 2; the air leg 14 is connected between the drilling rig carrying slide 3 and the air leg carrying slide 18; a second locking device is provided between the air leg carrying slide 18 and the guide rail 2.

[0042] The driving oil cylinder 6 is connected to the drilling rig bearing slide 3 through its cylinder body, and the locking slider 5 is fixedly connected to the far end of the piston rod of the oil cylinder; with the drilling direction of the rock drill as the front, the locking slider 5 is located in front of the oil cylinder, and when the piston rod of the oil cylinder is in a retracted state, the locking slider 5 is locked with the guide rail through the first locking device, and the piston rod is extended to implement drilling withdrawal; by utilizing the characteristic that the thrust of the oil cylinder piston rod extending is greater than the thrust of the retraction, the drilling withdrawal thrust can be increased under the condition of the same cylinder diameter, or the cylinder diameter can be reduced under the condition of the same drilling withdrawal thrust. Two opposite guide grooves are provided on the drilling rig bearing slide 3 through a convex block, and the locking slider 5 is located between the two guide grooves, and guide parts that slide with the guide grooves are formed on both sides of the locking slider 5. The first locking device includes a first locking cylinder 4 and a plurality of locking holes distributed longitudinally on the guide rail 2; a locking pin integrally formed or fixedly connected on the piston rod of the first locking cylinder 4 cooperates with the locking hole to form a latch-type locking structure; a long hole is formed on the drilling rig bearing slide 3 for the locking pin to pass through and translate along the guide groove. The second locking device is also formed by using a plurality of locking holes distributed longitudinally on the guide rail 2 and a second locking latch on the piston rod of the second locking cylinder.

[0043] The front end of the guide rail 2 is provided with a front support sleeve 7 for supporting the drill rod, and the middle section of the guide rail 2 is provided with an intermediate support sleeve 8, which is arranged on the jacking device. Figure 3 The lifting device includes a lifting base and a lifting block 11. The lifting base 39 is adjustably arranged on the guide rail 2 and fixedly connected to the lifting cylinder 9. The distal end of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 9 is connected to a push block 10, and the front end of the push block 10 is provided with a pushing inclined surface; the lifting block 11 can only be vertically lifted and lowered in the lifting cylinder 12, and the lifting cylinder 12 is fixed on the lifting base. A roller 13 is provided at the lower end of the lifting block 11, and the roller 13 is rollingly connected to the pushing inclined surface; the intermediate support sleeve 8 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the lifting block 11.

[0044] A guide rail fixing device 40 for supporting the guide rail 2 through the rock mass is provided at the lower front end of the guide rail 2. The front end fixing device forms a support for the overhanging part of the guide rail 2, thereby improving the support strength and rigidity of the guide rail. The guide rail fixing device 40 uses a component that can be inserted into the rock mass to provide support, and different structures can be set according to the characteristics of the tunnel rock mass. For example, for soft rock mass, a steel drill with a cone tip at the front end can be set at the front end of the guide rail, and the steel drill is kept firmly inserted into the rock mass by a tightening spring; a drill rig or a small rock drill can also be fixed at the front end of the guide rail, and after the drill rod is drilled in, the drill rod is used to form a supporting component.

[0045] See also Figure 4 , Figure 5 In the scheme in which the guide rail fixing device 40 is composed of a small rock drill, it includes a positioning seat 41 for fixing under the front end of the drill arm, a positioning rock drill 42 is slidably hoisted on the positioning seat 41, the front end of the positioning rock drill 42 is used to set a drill rod 47, and the rear end of the positioning rock drill 42 is provided with a push cylinder or oil cylinder 43; the front end of the positioning seat 41 is fixedly connected to a top 46.

[0046] Among them, a drill rod guide seat 48 is provided in front of the positioning rock drill 42, and a drill rod guide hole is provided on the drill rod guide seat 48, and the drill rod guide seat 48 is fixedly connected to the positioning seat 41. The positioning seat 41 is tubular; a crossbeam 49 is slidably fitted in the positioning seat 41, and a lifting lug seat 49a is provided on the crossbeam 49; a strip-shaped avoidance groove is provided on the lower side of the pipe wall of the positioning seat 41; the lifting lug seat 49a passes through the strip-shaped avoidance groove and is hinged to the lifting lug on the positioning rock drill 42; two supports 44 are fixedly connected in the positioning seat 41, and the two supports 44 are slidably fitted on the crossbeam 49.

[0047] The push cylinder or oil cylinder 43 is fixedly arranged in the protection tube 45, and the protection tube 45 is fixedly connected to the rear part of the lower end of the positioning seat 41. The push cylinder or oil cylinder 43 is hinged to the rear end of the positioning rock drill 42. When the piston rod of the cylinder or oil cylinder retracts, the pneumatic rock drill is pulled back, and then the drill rod is withdrawn from the positioning hole, which is convenient for the drill arm to change its position. Among them, a guide sleeve 48a is provided in the drill rod guide seat 48, and the guide hole is provided in the guide sleeve 48a. So that the guide sleeve 48a can be replaced separately after being worn, reducing the use cost.

[0048] See also Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8The guide rail 2 is formed of a base section 21 and an extension section 22 to form a structure with variable length; an extension positioning structure and an extension locking mechanism are provided between the base section 21 and the extension section 22; and the base section 21 and the extension section 22 are connected by an inclined joint surface; the joint surface gradually tilts outward from top to bottom on the base section 21; the extension positioning structure is used to prevent the base section 21 and the extension section 22 from being misaligned left and right and up and down. The guide rail 2 includes a guide rail body and a track, the track is made of a round tube, and the guide rail body is made of a square tube or a rectangular tube; the extension positioning structure includes a positioning column 24 that matches the inner hole of the round tube of the track, a part of the positioning column 24 is inserted into the tube hole of the round tube track of the base section 21, and the other part is inserted into the tube hole of the round tube track of the extension section 22. The square tube or rectangular tube can be a rolled or drawn profile, or can be formed by bending and welding the steel plate; the guide rail body is formed by a combination of two square tubes in the height direction; a round tube is welded to the upper ends of both sides of the upper square steel tube, and the round tube constitutes the track, and a round tube, square tube or, shaped tube, flat steel or angle iron is welded to both sides of the lower end of the lower square steel tube, and the lower round tube, square tube or, shaped tube, flat steel or angle iron is used for guide rail installation and fixation.

[0049] The guide rail body is provided with two parallel rails; the positioning columns 24 are provided in the tube holes of the two circular tube rail joints of the base section 21 and the extension section 22. The base section 21 and the extension section 22 are connected by two connecting plates 25, and the joint surfaces of the two connecting plates 25 constitute the joint surfaces of the base section 21 and the extension section 22. The two connecting plates 25 are welded and fixed on the guide rail bodies of the base section 21 and the extension section 22 respectively. The connecting plate 25 is welded to the square tube below, and the end plate is welded to the end of the square tube above, and the positioning tube is welded to the end plate; the third positioning column 23 is inserted into the positioning tubes on the two end plates, and the three positioning columns are distributed on the three corners of the isosceles triangle. Among them, the extension locking mechanism is an eccentric locking structure. The extension locking mechanism includes a hook 26 and a buckle 27, and the hook 26 is fixed on the base section 21; the buckle 27 is hinged on the handle 28, and the handle 28 is hinged on the extension section 22. The buckle 27 is movably arranged on the buckle seat 29, the buckle seat 29 is hinged on the handle 28, and a loading spring 30 is passed between the buckle seat 29 and the buckle 27. Among them, a connecting rod 27a is welded at one end of the buckle 27, and a guide block 27b is welded at the free end of the connecting rod 27a; one end of the buckle seat 29 has a rod-shaped structure, the buckle seat 29 is hinged with the handle 28 through one end of the rod-shaped structure, and the other end of the buckle seat 29 is a frame-shaped structure, the connecting rod 27a extends from one end of the frame-shaped structure into the frame, and the frame walls on both sides of the frame-shaped structure are provided with a slide groove 29a, and the guide block 27b is slidably matched in the slide groove 29a; one end of the loading spring 30 abuts on the guide block 27b, and the other end abuts on the inner wall of one end of the frame-shaped structure. The hinge seat of the handle 28 is composed of two independent ears 28a, and the intersection axis is composed of two half shafts 8b; in the locked state, the hinge center of the buckle seat 29 and the handle 28 and the hinge center of the handle 28 and the extension section 22 coincide with the axis of the connecting rod 27a. Among them, the hook 26 can also be set on the extension section 22, and the handle 28 is hinged on the base section 21.

[0050] See also Fig. 9When the gas leg 14 propels the rock drilling machine 1 to drill, the air inlet and exhaust pipelines of the gas leg 14 are respectively composed of an air inlet pipeline 15 and an exhaust pipeline 34. The air inlet pipeline 15 is provided with an electric switch valve 16 and an electric flow regulating valve 17 which are arranged in parallel. The rock drilling machine 1 is connected with a drilling air supply pipe 32 and a slag blowing air supply pipe 33 through the rear cover of the drilling machine. The drilling air supply pipe 32 and the slag blowing air supply pipe 33 are connected to the main air supply pipeline through an electric control valve; the air inlet pipeline 15 and the exhaust pipeline 34 are connected to an electromagnetic reversing valve 35, the air inlet of the electromagnetic reversing valve 35 is connected to the main air supply pipeline, and the exhaust port of the electromagnetic reversing valve 35 is connected to the atmospheric environment. The electric switch valve 16 is connected to the air inlet pipeline 15, and the electric flow regulating valve 17 is connected to the air inlet bypass. The bypass is arranged in parallel with the air inlet pipeline 15, and the diameter of the bypass is smaller than that of the air inlet pipeline 15. The electric switch valve 16 is a normally closed structure; the electromagnetic reversing valve 35 is a three-position five-way valve with a center-sealed structure; the electrically controlled valves used to control the drilling air supply pipe 32 and the slag blowing air supply pipe 33 are composed of a first electromagnetic valve 36 and a second electromagnetic valve 37, and the first electromagnetic valve 36 and the second electromagnetic valve 37 are both switch valves; an oil pot 38 is also provided on the main air supply pipeline; the diameter of the drilling air supply pipe 32 is larger than that of the slag blowing air supply pipe 33.

[0051] See also Fig.10 The trolley body includes a bottom trolley 200 and an upper trolley arranged on the bottom trolley 200; the upper trolley is formed by a combination of a top trolley 210 and an intermediate trolley 220; the top trolley 210 can move longitudinally relative to the adjacent lower trolley; it also includes an arch frame lifting device 230 arranged at the rear end of the trolley; a first arch frame lifting device 240 is provided on the intermediate trolley 220; a second arch frame lifting device 250 is provided on the top trolley 210; and a plurality of arch frame carrying trolleys 260 for carrying the arch frames are movably provided on the lifting cross beams of the two lifting devices; a stepping rock drill is provided on the bottom trolley 200, the intermediate trolley 220 and the top trolley 210 through a universal arm 300; and there is a driving space for a mucking vehicle under the bottom trolley 200. Among them, a gantry 270 is movably provided at the rear end of the top-layer trolley 210, and a gantry driving cylinder for moving the gantry 270 is provided between the gantry 270 and the top-layer trolley 210; the stepping rock drill 400 installed on the top-layer trolley 210 is arranged through the gantry 270; the first arch frame lifting device 240 is a vertical lifting structure, which is composed of four vertically arranged first lifting cylinders installed at the four corners of the middle-layer trolley 220, and every two first lifting cylinders form a group, and synchronously lift the same first lifting beam 241, and the arch frame is lifted by two arch frame carrying trolleys 260 on the two first lifting beams 241; the second arch frame lifting device 250 is a parallelogram frame lifting structure. Among them, Fig.10The gantry 270 is shown in the figure moving with the top trolley 210 at the front extreme position, and the trolley is in the state of rock drilling. When the arch is installed, the top trolley 210 is still in the position shown in the figure, and the gantry 270 is retracted to Fig.18 The position shown is at the rear limit position.

[0052] See also Fig.11 The parallelogram frame lifting structure includes two parallel connected connecting rods 251 of equal length, one end of the two connecting rods is hinged on the top trolley 210, and the other end of the two connecting rods 251 is hinged on the second lifting beam 252. The two connecting rods 251 are respectively connected with a second lifting cylinder 253, and the second lifting cylinder 253 is hinged on the top trolley 210 through the middle cylinder body. The end of the piston rod of the second lifting cylinder 253 is hinged on the connecting rod 251. The two second lifting cylinders 253 synchronously extend and retract to drive the connecting rod 251 to swing, thereby realizing the lifting of the second lifting beam 252; the second lifting beam 252, the connecting rod 251 and the second lifting cylinder 253 are arranged in the same vertical plane. Each second lifting beam 252 and the corresponding connecting rod 251 and second lifting cylinder 253 form a group; the second lifting beams 252 of the two groups are arranged in parallel, and all the second lifting cylinders 253 of the two groups are extended and retracted synchronously; the arch frame is lifted by two arch frame carrying trolleys 260 on the two second lifting beams 211. Among them, the top-level trolley 210 is supported on the top-level roller 212 through the top-level I-rail 211, and the front end of the top-level I-rail 211 is provided with a first hydraulic support leg 214. The top-level roller 212 is arranged on the adjacent lower-level trolley, and the adjacent lower-level trolley is also provided with a first rail-gripping wheel 213. The first rail-gripping wheel 213 rolls and presses on the lower wing plate of the top-level I-rail 211; a top-level driving hydraulic cylinder for driving the top-level trolley 210 to move is also provided between the top-level trolley 210 and the adjacent lower-level trolley, and the adjacent lower-level trolley is the middle-level trolley 220, wherein the top-level roller 212 has a top point only 5mm to 20mm higher than the platform of the top-level trolley 210. Among them, two parallel intermediate layer tracks 221 for guiding the movement of the intermediate layer track 220 are provided on the bottom layer trolley 200, and a second hydraulic support leg 225 is provided at the front end of the intermediate layer track 221. The intermediate layer track 221 includes an intermediate I-rail body, which is supported on an intermediate layer roller 222. The intermediate layer roller 222 is arranged on the bottom layer trolley 200. The bottom layer trolley 200 is also provided with a second track-gripping wheel 223, and the second track-gripping wheel 223 rolls and presses on the lower wing plate of the intermediate I-rail body of the intermediate layer track 221; a track-driving hydraulic cylinder for driving the intermediate layer track 221 to move is also provided between the bottom layer trolley 200 and the intermediate layer roller 222; the intermediate layer trolley 220 can move on the intermediate layer track 221.

[0053] See also Fig.12The front ends of the two middle layer rails 221 are fixedly connected together through the middle cross beam 224, and the second hydraulic support leg 225 is arranged on the middle cross beam 224; a movable mobile support leg frame 226 is arranged in the middle of the two middle layer rails 221, and a movable hydraulic support leg 227 is arranged on the mobile support leg frame 226, and a suspension box is fixedly connected to the cylinder body of the movable hydraulic support leg 227, and a suspension box is arranged on the suspension box. The movable support leg frame 226 is suspended on the lower wing plate of the middle I-rail body through the suspension wheel 228, and an auxiliary roller 229 is also arranged on the suspension box, so that after the middle layer rail 221 is extended to a set length, an intermediate auxiliary support is formed by the movable hydraulic support leg 227, and it is lifted by the auxiliary roller 229, so that the middle layer rail 221 can continue to extend forward, thereby increasing the telescopic length of the middle layer rail 221.

[0054] See also Fig.13 , Fig.14 , Fig.15 , Fig.16 The universal arm 300 includes a boom 100, a front support 110 is provided at the front end of the boom 100, the upper end surface of the front support 110 constitutes the front support bearing surface, the front support 110 is rotatably provided with a guide rail sliding frame 120 through a first pivot, and a guide rail sliding frame rotation driving cylinder 121 is connected between the guide rail sliding frame 120 and the front support 110; a guide rail support 130 is rotatably provided on the guide rail sliding frame 120 through a second pivot parallel to the front support bearing surface, and a flip driving device for driving the guide rail support 130 to flip is provided between the guide rail support 130 and the guide rail sliding frame rotation driving cylinder 121. Figure 5The guide rail support 130 is a slide structure, and a mobile drive cylinder 142 is provided on the guide rail support 130; the mobile drive cylinder 142 is used to drive the third member set through the guide rail support 130; the bearing member 130 and the third member are connected by a rolling friction connection relationship to reduce the friction resistance of the third member sliding on the bearing member 130; the rotation drive device includes a flip drive cylinder 141, and the cylinder body and piston rod of the flip drive cylinder 141 are hinged on the guide rail sliding frame 120 and the guide rail support 130 respectively. The guide rail sliding frame 120 is in a long strip shape, and at least two guide rail supports 130 are distributed in the length direction of the guide rail sliding frame 120; the flip drive cylinders 141 on multiple guide rail supports 130 are synchronously extended and retracted. Among them, the front support 110 is hinged to the front end of the boom 100, and a hydraulic support rod 111 is also provided between the free end of the front support 110 and the boom 100. The boom 100 is a two-stage telescopic structure. The boom 100 is hinged on the boom articulated seat 101, and the boom articulated seat 101 is hinged on the rear support 102. A cross universal joint structure is formed between the boom 100 and the rear support 102 through the horizontal intersection axis and the vertical intersection axis on the boom articulated seat 101. The pitch angle of the boom 100 is adjusted by the pitch adjustment cylinder 103 installed on the boom mounting seat 101; the horizontal rotation angle of the boom 100 is adjusted by the horizontal adjustment cylinder 104 installed on the rear support 102. Among them, the rear support 102 is fixed on the frame of the corresponding layer trolley, and can also be composed of the frame of the corresponding layer trolley; when the universal arm is set on the platform of the corresponding trolley, the rear support 102 is fixed on the frame of the platform part of the corresponding trolley.

[0055] In this embodiment, the boom 100 includes a base arm 100a, which is a rectangular tube structure. A first-level telescopic arm 100b is installed in the base arm 100a. The first-level telescopic arm 100b is driven to telescopically move by a first-level telescopic cylinder 100c. The two ends of the first-level telescopic cylinder 100c are respectively hinged on the base arm 100a and the first-level telescopic arm 100b; the first-level telescopic arm 100b is also a rectangular tube structure. A second-level telescopic arm 100d is installed in the first-level telescopic arm 100b. The free end of the second-level telescopic arm 100d is connected to the front support 110. The secondary telescopic arm 100d is driven to telescopically move by the secondary telescopic cylinder 100e. The two ends of the secondary telescopic cylinder 100e are respectively hinged on the secondary telescopic arm 100d and the primary telescopic arm 100b. The primary telescopic arm 100b is provided with an articulated lug 100f hinged to the secondary telescopic cylinder 100e. The articulated lug 100f is located on the side wall of the primary telescopic arm 100b. The side wall of the base arm 100a is provided with a long waist groove, which is used to avoid the articulated lug 100f during the movement of the primary telescopic arm 100b. Among them, the articulation axis of the boom 100 and the boom articulated seat 101, the articulation axis of the boom articulated seat 101 and the rear support 102, and the telescopic axis of the boom 100 correspond to the X-axis, Z-axis and Y-axis in the basic coordinate system XYZ respectively; the articulation axis of the front support 110 and the boom 100, the first pivot axis and the second pivot axis correspond to the U-axis, W-axis and V-axis in the relative coordinate system UVW respectively, and the moving direction of the third component is consistent with the V-axis.

[0056] See also Fig.17 , and combined with Figures 13-16 The stepping rock drill 400 is mounted on the guide rail support 130 of the universal arm 300, and the guide rail support 130 is a slide structure; the stepping rock drill 400 can be longitudinally movably arranged on the guide rail support 130, and a drilling rig moving drive cylinder 142 is provided between the guide rail support 130 and the stepping rock drill 400.

[0057] Among them, the articulation axis of the boom 100 and the boom articulated seat 101, the articulation axis of the boom articulated seat 101 and the rear support 102, and the telescopic axis of the boom 100 correspond to the X-axis, Z-axis and Y-axis in the basic coordinate system XYZ respectively; the articulation axis of the front support 110 and the boom 100, the first pivot axis and the second pivot axis correspond to the U-axis, W-axis and V-axis in the relative coordinate system UVW respectively, and the overall moving direction of the stepping rock drill 400 is consistent with the V-axis.

[0058] In this embodiment, when the guide rail support 130 does not adopt a slide structure, the walking rock drill 400 is fixedly connected to the guide rail support 130. The walking rock drill 400 of this solution cannot move as a whole on the guide rail support 130, and its connection is firm and has good rigidity. It is suitable for tunnel boring rock drills that do not need to adjust the longitudinal position.

[0059] In this embodiment, the electromagnetic reversing valve 35 may also adopt a two-position five-way valve to replace a three-position five-way valve. Moreover, the electric switch valve 16 and the electric flow regulating valve 17 may also be connected in parallel to the exhaust pipeline 34 of the gas leg 14.

[0060] In this embodiment, the front support sleeve 7 and the intermediate support sleeve 8 both include a bushing and a bushing seat. The bushing can rotate freely relative to the bushing seat. The bushing seat of the front support sleeve 7 is fixedly connected to the front end of the guide rail 2 through the front bracket; the bushing seat of the intermediate support sleeve 8 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the lifting block 11.

[0061] The arch lifting device 230 in this embodiment is the same as the arch lifting mechanism announced on May 8, 2018 with announcement number CN108005687A.

[0062] Example 2, see Fig.18 , Fig.19 A tunnel comprehensive construction trolley comprises a bottom trolley 200 and a top trolley 210 arranged on the bottom trolley 200; the top trolley 210 can move longitudinally relative to the bottom trolley 200; and also comprises an arch frame lifting device 230 arranged at the rear end of the trolley; a first arch frame lifting device 240 is arranged on the bottom trolley 200; a second arch frame lifting device 250 is arranged on the top trolley 210; and a plurality of arch frame bearing trolleys 260 for bearing the arch frames can be movably arranged on the lifting cross beams of the two lifting devices; a stepping rock drill 400 is arranged on both the bottom trolley 200 and the top trolley 210 through a universal arm 300; and there is a driving space for a mucking vehicle under the bottom trolley 200. Among them, a gantry 270 is movably provided at the rear end of the top trolley 210, and a gantry driving cylinder for moving the gantry 270 is provided between the gantry 270 and the top trolley 210; the step rock drill 400 arranged on the top trolley 210 is arranged through the gantry 270.

[0063] in, Fig.19 The gantry 270 is shown in the figure moving with the top trolley 210 at the front extreme position, and the trolley is in the state of rock drilling. When the arch is installed, the top trolley 210 is still in the position shown in the figure, and the gantry 270 is retracted to Fig.18 The position shown is at the rear limit position.

[0064] The rest of the structure of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1 and will not be described again.

[0065] Embodiment 3, a tunnel construction method, is implemented based on the trolley of embodiment 1 or 2; when the trolley of embodiment 1 is used, it is used to perform the construction method of micro-step and full-section punching; when the trolley of embodiment 2 is used, it is used to perform the construction method of two-step or three-step. It includes rock drilling by a stepping rock drill; in the scheme where the arch frame installation device is composed of an arch frame lifting device 230, a first arch frame lifting device 240 and a second arch frame lifting device 250, the arch frame is lifted by the arch frame lifting device set at the rear of the trolley body facing the tunnel entrance, the arch frame is transported on the trolley by the arch frame carrying trolley, and the arch frame is lifted by the lifting device for arch frame installation.

[0066] When the arch frame is installed in the three-step construction state, the universal arm and the step rock drill combination on the top trolley 210 are retracted to the rear limit position toward the cave entrance through the gantry.

[0067] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tunnel comprehensive construction trolley, comprising a plurality of stepping rock drills arranged on a trolley body; characterized in that: The stepping rock drill is provided with a drill-sticking and drill-retracting device for withdrawing the drill bit when the drill is stuck; The stepping rock drill comprises a rock drilling main body (1), a guide rail (2), and a drilling rig bearing slide (3); a first locking device is provided between the drilling rig bearing slide (3) and the guide rail (2); the drill withdrawal device comprises a locking slider (5) and a drill withdrawal cylinder (6); the drill withdrawal cylinder (6) is connected between the drilling rig bearing slide (3) and the locking slider (5); the locking slider (5) is provided on the drilling rig bearing slide (3) so as to be movable only longitudinally; the first locking device is provided between the locking slider (5) and the guide rail (2); The front end of the guide rail (2) is provided with a front support sleeve (7) for supporting a drill rod, the middle section of the guide rail (2) is provided with an intermediate support sleeve (8), and the intermediate support sleeve (8) is arranged on a jacking device; and the lower part of the front end of the guide rail (2) is provided with a guide rail fixing device (40) for supporting the guide rail (2) through a rock mass; The jacking device comprises a jacking base and a lifting block (11), the jacking base is arranged on the guide rail (2) and is fixedly connected to a jacking cylinder (9), the piston rod of the jacking cylinder (9) is connected to a push block (10) at the far end, and a jacking inclined surface is arranged at the front end of the push block (10); the lifting block (11) can only be vertically lifted and lowered in the jacking cylinder (12), the jacking cylinder (12) is fixed on the jacking base, a roller (13) is arranged at the lower end of the lifting block (11), and the roller (13) is rollingly connected to the jacking inclined surface; the intermediate support sleeve (8) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the lifting block (11); the guide rail fixing device (40) comprises a positioning seat (41) for fixing below the front end of the drill arm, a positioning rock drill (42) is slidably hoisted on the positioning seat (41), the front end of the positioning rock drill (42) is used to set a drill rod (47), and the rear end of the positioning rock drill (42) is provided with a jacking cylinder or an oil cylinder (43); The drill retraction cylinder (6) is connected to the drilling rig bearing slide (3) through its cylinder body, and the locking slider (5) is fixedly connected to the far end of the piston rod of the cylinder; with the drilling direction of the rock drill as the front, the locking slider (5) is located in front of the cylinder, and when the piston rod of the cylinder is in a retracted state, the locking slider (5) is locked with the guide rail through the first locking device, and then the piston rod is extended to implement drill retraction.

2. The comprehensive tunnel construction trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trolley body is also provided with an arch mounting device; the trolley body comprises a bottom trolley (200) and an upper trolley arranged on the bottom trolley (200); the upper trolley is composed of a top trolley (210); or the upper trolley is formed by a combination of a top trolley (210) and an intermediate trolley (220); the top trolley (210) is capable of longitudinal movement relative to an adjacent lower trolley; the arch mounting device comprises an arch hoisting device (230), a first arch lifting device (240) and a second arch lifting device (250); the arch hoisting device ( The first arch frame lifting device (230) is arranged at the rear end of the trolley body, and the second arch frame lifting device (250) is arranged on the top trolley (210); in the scheme where the upper trolley is composed of the top trolley (210), the first arch frame lifting device (240) is arranged on the bottom trolley (200); in the scheme where the upper trolley is formed by the top trolley (210) and the middle trolley (220), the first arch frame lifting device (240) is arranged on the middle trolley (220); and a plurality of arch frame bearing trolleys (260) for bearing the arch frames are movably arranged on the lifting cross beams of the two lifting devices.

3. The comprehensive tunnel construction trolley according to claim 2, characterized in that: A gantry (270) is movably provided at the rear end of the top trolley (210), and a gantry driving oil cylinder for moving the gantry (270) is provided between the gantry (270) and the top trolley (210); the stepping rock drill (400) provided on the top trolley (210) is arranged via the gantry (270).

4. The comprehensive tunnel construction trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stepping rock drill is arranged on the trolley body through a universal arm (300); the universal arm (300) comprises a large arm (100), a front support (110) is provided at the front end of the large arm (100), the front support (110) is hinged to the front end of the large arm (100), and a hydraulic support rod (111) is provided between the free end of the front support (110) and the large arm (100); a guide rail sliding frame (120) is rotatably provided on the front support (110) through a first pivot, and a guide rail sliding frame rotation driving cylinder (121) is connected between the guide rail sliding frame (120) and the front support (110); a guide rail support (130) is rotatably provided on the guide rail sliding frame (120) through a second pivot parallel to the front support bearing surface, and the guide rail support (130) and the guide rail sliding frame rotation driving cylinder A turning drive device for driving the guide rail support (130) to turn over is provided between the guide rail support (121); the stepping rock drill is arranged on the guide rail support (130); wherein the guide rail sliding frame (120) is in the shape of an elongated strip, and at least two guide rail supports (130) are distributed in the length direction of the guide rail sliding frame (120); the turning drive cylinders (141) on the plurality of guide rail supports (130) are synchronously extended and retracted; the guide rail support (130) is in the form of a slide table structure, the stepping rock drill is movably provided on the guide rail support (130) via a guide rail (2), and a moving drive cylinder (142) is provided between the guide rail support (130) and the stepping rock drill (400), and the moving drive cylinder (142) is used to drive the stepping rock drill (400) to move on the guide rail support (130).

5. The comprehensive tunnel construction trolley according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cylinder body and piston rod of the tilting drive oil cylinder (141) are respectively hinged on the guide rail sliding frame (120) and the guide rail support (130).

6. The comprehensive tunnel construction trolley according to claim 4, characterized in that: The boom (100) has a two-stage telescopic structure; the boom (100) is hinged on a boom articulated seat (101), and the boom articulated seat (101) is hinged on a rear support (102); a cross universal joint structure is formed between the boom (100) and the rear support (102) via a horizontal intersection axis and a vertical intersection axis on the boom articulated seat (101); wherein the pitch angle of the boom (100) is adjusted by a pitch adjustment cylinder (103) installed on the boom articulated seat (101); and the horizontal rotation angle of the boom (100) is adjusted by a horizontal adjustment cylinder (104) installed on the rear support (102); and the rear support (102) is fixed on a frame of a corresponding layer of trolleys, or is formed by the frame of a corresponding layer of trolleys.

7. A tunnel construction method, characterized in that: The method is implemented based on the comprehensive construction trolley described in any one of claims 1 to 6; when the upper trolley is composed of the top trolley (210), it is used to perform two-step or three-step construction methods; when the top trolley (210) and the middle trolley (220) are combined, it is used to perform micro-step and full-section drilling methods; wherein, it includes rock drilling by means of a step rock drill; in a scheme in which the arch frame installation device is composed of an arch frame lifting device (230), a first arch frame lifting device (240) and a second arch frame lifting device (250), the arch frame is lifted by an arch frame lifting device arranged at the rear of the trolley body facing the hole, the arch frame is transported on the trolley by means of an arch frame carrying trolley, and the arch frame is lifted by means of a lifting device for arch frame installation.

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