An emergency automatic rescue elevator and control method thereof

Abstract

The present application discloses an emergency automatic rescue elevator and a control method thereof. The emergency automatic rescue elevator and a control method thereof include a lifting device, a car, a control device, an emergency power supply and an elevator detection device. The control device is electrically connected to the lifting device, the lifting device drives the car to lift and lower, the elevator detection device is connected to the control device, the emergency power supply is electrically connected to the control device, the lifting device, and the elevator detection device. The lifting device includes a counterweight, a traction machine, a car anti-roping pulley and a wire rope. The control device includes a self-rescue controller DCS. A brake device is installed on the traction machine, and the brake device is connected to the self-rescue controller DCS. The control method of the elevator is that when the elevator fails, the self-rescue controller DCS controls the descender, the counterweight and the brake device to achieve a stable stop of the car. The present application solves the technical problem that the trapped persons are physically uncomfortable and cannot escape in a short time due to the easy occurrence of failures in the elevator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of elevator electromechanical equipment, and in particular, to an emergency automatic rescue elevator and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] There are many high-rise buildings, whether office buildings or residential buildings, almost all of them are equipped with elevators. Although the safety of elevators has been improved, elevator failures still cannot be avoided, resulting in people being trapped in elevators or safety accidents. When the elevator stops at a non-level position in the shaft due to a failure, the elevator is trapped in the shaft for too long, causing indirect harm to passengers; especially villa elevators, and elevators installed in old buildings, where most passengers are elderly people, it is very dangerous.

[0003] Currently on the market there are problems with machine room elevators, machine roomless elevators, villa elevators, and even machine roomless elevators with doors that open to homes. When an elevator malfunctions, people trapped in the closed environment of the elevator car may become dizzy, nauseous, or irritable due to shock or prolonged time in the elevator car. Pregnant women may feel unwell. The elderly may suffer heart problems and fractures due to the shock of an emergency stop. Some impatient trapped people may even take more extreme actions, such as smashing doors.

[0004] There is currently no effective and comprehensive safety solution in the industry to address the technical problem that, in the event of a malfunction in an elevator with a permanent magnet synchronous traction machine (permanent magnet synchronous host) or an elevator with an asynchronous traction machine, trapped persons may suffer physical discomfort and be unable to escape within a short period of time. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of this application is to provide an automatic emergency rescue elevator for any type of traction machine and its control method, so as to solve the technical problem that the trapped persons are physically uncomfortable and cannot escape in a short time due to the easy occurrence of failures during the operation of the elevator. The core technology of this method is to use a method of installing an escapement mechanism on the traction wheel of the traction machine to control the rising or falling speed of the car and a method of throwing away the auxiliary counterweight or releasing the fluid when the total weight of the car is equal to the total weight of the counterweight, which is called the parabolic method. The parabolic method is used to break the balance on both sides of the elevator system and continue the rescue.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the present application, an emergency automatic rescue elevator is provided. The emergency automatic rescue elevator includes a lifting device, a car, a control device, an emergency power supply and an elevator detection device, the control device is electrically connected to the lifting device, the lifting device drives the car to lift, the elevator detection device is connected to the control device, the emergency power supply is electrically connected to the control device, the lifting device, and the elevator detection device, the lifting device includes a counterweight, a traction machine, a car return rope pulley and a wire rope, one end of the wire rope is connected to the counterweight, the traction machine is fixed in the elevator room or on the top of the elevator shaft, the car return rope pulley is fixed on the top of the car, the wire rope passes through the car return rope pulley and the traction machine in turn, and the traction machine drives the car up and down through the wire rope; a descender is installed under the traction machine; the control device includes a self-rescue controller DCS, the descender and the traction machine are both electrically connected to the self-rescue controller DCS, a brake device is installed on the traction machine, and the brake device is connected to the self-rescue controller DCS. The descender can effectively play the role of slow descent and slow descent.

[0007] Preferably, the meshing mode of the descending device gear and the traction machine gear includes but is not limited to spur gear meshing and helical gear meshing. Optimally, the traction machine wheel gear and the descending device gear should be helical gear meshing, because helical gears are relatively smoother when controlling the gears to engage and disengage.

[0008] Preferably, the descender is an escapement mechanism, and a gear engagement confirmation sensor and a clutch electromagnet are fixedly installed on the escapement mechanism, and the gear engagement confirmation sensor and the clutch electromagnet are electrically connected to the self-rescue controller DCS. When the gear on the traction wheel and the gear of the descender (i.e., the escapement mechanism) are controlled by the output of the self-rescue controller DCS to engage, when the gear engagement confirmation sensor has an engagement signal, it means that the engagement is good, and when the conduction signal is transmitted (feedback) to the self-rescue controller DCS, it means that the descender is started, and the descender formally plays a descending function.

[0009] Preferably, the elevator detection device includes a safety door lock detection device, a speed sensor, a leveling sensor, a leveling plug plate, an upper limit sensing device and a lower limit sensing device. The safety door lock detection device refers to the electrical connection sum of the switch fixed on the car for detecting the reliable locking of the car door and the switches fixed on the hall door for detecting the reliable locking of the hall door. The speed sensor is installed on the anti-ropes pulley at the top of the car; it is used to detect the up and down moving speed of the car, the leveling sensor is installed on the top of the car, the leveling plug plate is installed in the elevator shaft, the upper limit sensing device and the lower limit sensing device are respectively fixed on the upper part and the lower part of the elevator shaft; the safety door lock detection device, the speed sensor, the leveling sensor The upper limit sensing device and the lower limit sensing device are all electrically connected to the self-rescue controller DCS; an elevator door machine controller is also installed on the car, and an elevator leveling door opening module or contactor is also installed on the elevator machine room or the top of the elevator shaft. The elevator leveling door opening contactor is electrically connected to the self-rescue controller DCS, and the elevator leveling door opening contactor transmits the door opening signal to the elevator door machine controller on the top of the car through the accompanying cable, and opens the door to let people in when reaching the level; the leveling sensor on the top of the car cooperates with the leveling plug plate on each floor in the shaft to sense whether the elevator car has reached the leveling position. The lower limit sensing device is at the first floor position, and the upper limit sensing device should be set at the topmost floor of the elevator shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the traction machine includes but is not limited to an asynchronous main machine (asynchronous traction machine) and a permanent magnet synchronous main machine (permanent magnet synchronous traction machine).

[0011] Preferably, a star-sealing contactor may be connected to the driving circuit of the permanent magnet synchronous host.

[0012] The optimal technical solution is: to use a permanent magnet synchronous motor (i.e., a permanent magnet synchronous traction machine or a permanent magnet synchronous main machine) equipped with a star-sealing contactor. The star-sealing contactor slow descent and the slow descent device of the slow descent device escapement mechanism in the present invention can be set together, serving as redundant insurance for each other, and jointly acting on the slow descent rescue of the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine. When one solution fails during implementation, it can be immediately switched to another solution for slow descent operation, forming a beneficial double insurance, so that the rescue operation of the elevator car will be absolutely safe; the car will slowly slide down or up, which is safer.

[0013] In particular, since the traction machine of the asynchronous motor cannot use the star-sealed contactor to slow down the operation (the principle does not support it); and this type of traction machine is also widely used in elevators, especially in overseas countries, due to the shortage of rare earth resources, elevators mainly use traction machines of asynchronous motors. The descender (escapement mechanism) can be well applied to the elevator traction machine of the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine and the elevator traction machine of the asynchronous host to perform the automatic rescue slow down operation, so the descender (escapement mechanism) is applicable to both traction machines, which is the more comprehensive solution mentioned above.

[0014] Preferably, a guide wheel is installed in the elevator machine room (elevator with machine room), or a guide wheel is installed on the top of the elevator shaft (elevator without machine room), and the wire rope passes through the guide wheel. Counterweight guide rails for guiding the operation of the counterweight device are provided on both sides of the counterweight device in the shaft, and the counterweight guide rails are fixed on the wall of the elevator shaft. The counterweight device is restricted on the counterweight guide rails and can only move up and down.

[0015] Preferably, a weight adjustment mechanism is installed at the counterweight or the bottom end of the car.

[0016] Preferably, the weight adjustment mechanism comprises a secondary counterweight or a weight adjustment box.

[0017] Preferably, the counterweight or the counterweight at the bottom of the car grabs the auxiliary counterweight through an automatic grabbing mechanism, and the automatic grabbing mechanism is provided with a balance-breaking electromagnet for releasing the auxiliary counterweight, and the self-rescue controller DCS is connected to the balance-breaking electromagnet coil.

[0018] Preferably, the weight adjusting box is fixed at the counterweight or the bottom of the car, the fluid is stored in the weight adjusting box, a guide pipe is installed at the bottom of the weight adjusting box, a solenoid valve is installed on the guide pipe, the solenoid valve is connected to the self-rescue controller DCS, a storage box is fixed at the bottom of the elevator shaft, the fluid flows into the storage box through the guide pipe, and the optimal fluid is liquid or sand.

[0019] According to one aspect of the present application, a control method for the emergency automatic rescue elevator is provided. When the elevator fails, the elevator fault signal is transmitted to the input end of the self-rescue controller DCS, and the self-rescue controller DCS starts the self-rescue operation when other input signals are available; when any one of the auxiliary counterweight or the weight-adjusting box is installed at the bottom of the counterweight, in particular, the door lock safety input signal of the input end of the self-rescue controller DCS is turned on, indicating that all the door locks of the elevator are closed normally; the car speed feedback signal is 0, the car leveling feedback signal is absent, the upper and lower limit signals are present, and the self-rescue controller DCS output disconnects the elevator main power switch, then the DCS detects that the elevator main power is disconnected and the feedback signal is present, indicating that the elevator is not interfered by the external power grid, and the emergency power supply is used for rescue at this time;

[0020] The DCS control output of the self-rescue controller energizes the coil of the brake device, and the brake device is controlled to open, and the traction machine has a state of sliding in which direction. However, whether it can slide safely and reliably depends on the following conditions, and the following control actions are implemented:

[0021] S1: Determine whether the total weight of the car is equal to the total weight of the counterweight;

[0022] When the traction mechanism brake device is open, the traction wheel does not move, and the car does not move, it means that the total weight of the car is equal to the total weight of the counterweight, and S2 is executed; otherwise, it means that the total weight of the car is not equal to the total weight of the counterweight, and S3 is executed;

[0023] S2: The self-rescue controller DCS controls the coil on the balance electromagnet to be energized and starts to release the auxiliary counterweight, or the self-rescue controller DCS sends an opening signal to the solenoid valve to release the fluid, causing the total weight of the counterweight to be less than the total weight of the car, and the car starts to descend, and S3 is executed;

[0024] S3: When the coil of the brake device is energized, the self-rescue controller DCS controls the electromagnet coil that controls the meshing in the descender to be energized, and the descender gear and the traction machine gear are meshed. At this time, the input end of the self-rescue controller DCS will receive the gear meshing confirmation sensor meshing feedback signal, which means that the escapement teeth of the descender are meshed with the gear teeth on the traction machine, and the elevator car is in the descender operation state; the elevator car is in the descender operation state;

[0025] S4: When the elevator car is slowly descending in the S3 state (the speed is controlled), the self-rescue controller DCS input end detects that the car's leveling sensor sends a leveling signal, and the self-rescue controller DCS output end controls the brake device coil to cut off the power, and the traction machine brake device locks the traction wheel, causing the elevator to stop. The self-rescue controller DCS output controls the elevator leveling door opening contactor to close, and sends a door opening signal to the car top door machine controller through the elevator's accompanying cable, controlling the car door to open and release people.

[0026] During the elevator rescue process, when the speed sensor speed signal is transmitted to the self-rescue controller DCS, if the speed signal detected by the speed sensor is greater than the speed set by the self-rescue controller DCS, the self-rescue controller DCS immediately outputs the control brake coil to cut off the power, and the brake device loses power to lock the traction wheel to stop the elevator and ensure the safety of the elevator; this measure will prevent the failure of the descending device due to a malfunction and fail to play the role of slowing down the descent, avoiding the dangerous situation of the car stalling and rising or falling.

[0027] According to another aspect of the present application, another control method of the emergency automatic rescue elevator is provided. When the elevator fails, the fault signal is transmitted to the self-rescue controller DCS, and the self-rescue controller DCS is started; when one of the auxiliary counterweight or the weight-adjusting box is installed at the bottom of the car, the door lock safety input signal at the input end of the self-rescue controller DCS is turned on, indicating that all the door locks of the elevator are closed normally, the car speed feedback signal is 0, the car leveling feedback signal is absent, the upper and lower limit signals are sometimes present, and the self-rescue controller DCS output disconnects the elevator main power switch. If the DCS detects that the elevator main power is disconnected, the feedback signal sometimes indicates that the elevator is not interfered by the external power grid, and the emergency power supply is used for rescue;

[0028] The DCS control output of the self-rescue control device energizes the brake coil, the brake device opens, and the traction machine is in a state of sliding in which direction. However, whether it can slide safely and reliably depends on the following conditions. The following control actions are implemented:

[0029] S1: Determine whether the total weight of the car is equal to the total weight of the counterweight;

[0030] When the brake device is open, the traction wheel does not move, and the car does not move, it means that the total weight of the car is equal to the total weight of the counterweight, and S2 is directly executed; otherwise, it means that the total weight of the car is not equal to the total weight of the counterweight, and S3 is executed;

[0031] S2: The self-rescue controller DCS controls the coil on the balance electromagnet to be energized and starts to release the auxiliary counterweight, or the self-rescue controller DCS sends an opening signal to the solenoid valve to release the fluid, causing the total weight of the car to be less than the total weight of the counterweight, and the car starts to rise;

[0032] S3: When the coil of the brake device is energized, the self-rescue controller DCS also energizes the clutch electromagnet coil that controls the meshing in the descender, and the descender gear and the traction machine gear are meshed. At this time, the input end of the self-rescue controller DCS will receive the gear meshing confirmation sensor meshing feedback signal, indicating that the gear on the descender and the gear on the traction machine are meshed successfully;

[0033] S4: The elevator car is in the S3 state and the descending device is also in the descending state. When the DCS input end of the self-rescue controller detects that the leveling sensor of the car sends a leveling signal, the DCS output end of the self-rescue controller controls the brake device coil to cut off the power, and the brake device locks the traction wheel on the traction machine, causing the elevator to stop. The DCS output of the self-rescue controller controls the elevator leveling door opening contactor to close, and sends a door opening signal to the car top door machine controller through the elevator's accompanying cable, controlling the car door to open and release people.

[0034] During the elevator rescue operation, when the speed sensor transmits the speed signal to the self-rescue controller DCS, if the speed signal detected by the speed sensor is greater than the speed set by the self-rescue controller DCS, the self-rescue controller DCS will immediately output to control the coil of the brake device to cut off the power. The brake device will lock the traction wheel due to power failure, stopping the elevator and ensuring the safety of the elevator. This measure will prevent the failure of the descending device due to a malfunction and the inability to slow down the descent, thus avoiding the dangerous situation of the car stalling and rising or falling.

[0035] In the present application, a self-rescue controller DCS is adopted, and each detected signal is transmitted to the self-rescue controller DCS, and then the self-rescue controller DCS issues a command to output a control brake device and a clutch electromagnet, so that when the elevator fails, the elevator can slowly descend to the leveling floor (including the first floor and the top floor). When it reaches the first floor or the top floor, the leveling sensor sends a leveling arrival signal and the upper limit sensing device or the lower limit sensing device senses the signal, and the DCS controls the elevator leveling door opening contactor to start and open the car door, so that the trapped persons can come out of the elevator, thereby achieving the technical effect that the trapped persons cannot escape in a short time. At the same time, due to the effect of the descender, the elevator is prevented from descending too fast, causing injuries to the people in the elevator. The speed sensor can detect the descending speed of the car, thereby solving the technical problem of physical discomfort to the trapped persons and inability to escape in a short time due to the easy occurrence of failures in the elevator.

[0036] The driving principle of the elevator's self-rescue is that after the brake is opened, the elevator car slides to the side that is heavier.

[0037] When the weight of the elevator car and the weight of the counterweight are exactly equal and the car cannot slip, the method of throwing away the auxiliary counterweight or the fluid in the weight adjustment car mentioned in this application is adopted (the detailed working process is described later) to break the balance, and normal self-rescue can continue. This is also the highlight of this solution.

[0038] Preferably, of course, the design of the auxiliary counterweight to be thrown away can be controlled within 150kg for safety reasons (it has been actually measured that the car can slide after 50kg of auxiliary counterweight is thrown away). The balance can be broken. Usually the rated load capacity of civil elevators is 400-2000kg. Even for the lightest elevator, according to the formula on both sides of the elevator: total weight of counterweight = car deadweight + half of the rated load of the car, the balance point on both sides of the elevator is also when the car is loaded with 200kg. At the maximum load, the weight difference on both sides is also 200kg, which will not cause unsafe factors to the traction machine brake. Therefore, the maximum weight of the auxiliary counterweight thrown should not exceed half of the rated load of the elevator car, otherwise, there is a risk that the elevator brake device will not be able to hold the traction wheel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of this application, so that other features, purposes and advantages of this application become more obvious. The schematic embodiment drawings and their descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an improper limitation on this application. In the drawings:

[0040] Figure 1: It is a structural diagram of an emergency automatic rescue elevator and a control method thereof according to the present application, in which the auxiliary counterweight is arranged on one side of the counterweight, and of course, either the auxiliary counterweight or the balancing weight box can also be arranged on one side of the car;

[0041] Figure 2 : is a partial circuit diagram of an emergency automatic rescue elevator and a control method thereof according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 3 : is a schematic diagram of the position of a traction machine and an escapement structure of an emergency automatic rescue elevator and a control method thereof according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 4 : is a detailed diagram of the escapement structure of an emergency automatic rescue elevator and a control method thereof according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 5 : is a car upper structure diagram of an emergency automatic rescue elevator and a control method thereof according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 6 : is a diagram of the meshing state of the traction wheel teeth of an emergency automatic rescue elevator and the gear on the escapement mechanism of the descending device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 7 : is a structural diagram of a counterweight side of an emergency automatic rescue elevator according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 8 : is a detailed diagram of an automatic grabbing mechanism for connecting the counterweight and the auxiliary counterweight of an emergency automatic rescue elevator according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Fig. 9 : is a structural diagram of an emergency automatic rescue elevator weight adjustment box and counterweight according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Fig.10 : is a schematic diagram of the connection state of the main and auxiliary counterweight grabbing mechanisms of an emergency automatic rescue elevator according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Fig.11 : is a schematic diagram of the disengagement of the main and auxiliary counterweight grabbing mechanisms of an emergency automatic rescue elevator according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Fig.12 : is a schematic diagram of an emergency automatic rescue elevator auxiliary counterweight being stuck on the counterweight guide rail according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Fig.13 : is a schematic diagram of a main counterweight grabbing a secondary counterweight of an emergency automatic rescue elevator according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Fig.14 : is a schematic diagram of the connection state of the main and auxiliary counterweight grabbing mechanisms of an emergency automatic rescue elevator according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Fig.15 : is a schematic diagram of the connection state of the main and auxiliary counterweight grabbing mechanisms of an emergency automatic rescue elevator according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figures 10 to 15 This is the exploded diagram of the parabolic method automatic grasping mechanism;

[0056] Fig.16 : is an emergency automatic rescue elevator car top reverse rope pulley speed detection device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Fig.17 : is a circuit diagram of a permanent magnet synchronous traction machine for an emergency automatic rescue elevator according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Fig.18 : is a circuit diagram of an asynchronous traction machine for an emergency automatic rescue elevator according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Fig.19 :The following embodiments are also referred to as “process Figure 1 ", is the step of the self-rescue process of the elevator with permanent magnet synchronous traction machine - the descending device solution is first, and the star-sealing self-rescue solution is a backup. When the descending device controlled by the self-rescue controller DCS has a problem and the gear cannot engage normally, it will automatically switch to the star-sealing self-rescue solution to play a backup redundancy role.

[0060] Fig. 20 The following embodiments are also referred to as "process Figure 2 ", is the step of the self-rescue process of the elevator with permanent magnet synchronous traction machine - the star-sealing contactor solution is first, and the descending device self-rescue solution is backup. When the star-sealing contactor device controlled by the self-rescue controller DCS has a problem and cannot connect the three-phase winding of the host, it will automatically switch to the descending device self-rescue solution to play a backup redundancy role.

[0061] Of course, in actual implementation, the above two solutions can also be used separately, especially the descending device solution, which has a wider range of adaptability.

[0062] Fig.21 The following embodiments are also referred to as "process Figure 3 ", is the step of the self-rescue process of the asynchronous traction machine elevator (with reduction box) - the descender solution.

[0063] Fig. 22 :It is the flow chart of the parabolic method. The detailed process of the separation and connection of the main and auxiliary counterweights will be described later;

[0064] Among them: 1. Car; 2. Leveling sensor; 3. Self-rescue controller DCS; 31. Safety door lock detection device; 32. Speed ​​sensor; 33. Elevator leveling door contactor; 4. Traction machine; 41. Braking device; 42. Traction machine turning gear; 5. Guide wheel; 6. Upper limit sensing device; 7. Wire rope; 8. Car anti-roping wheel; 9. Counterweight; 92. Auxiliary counterweight; 10. Lower limit sensing device; 11. Elevator shaft; 12. Descending device; 121. Descending device gear; 122. Gearbox; 123. Escape wheel; 124. End cover; 125. Bearing; 126. Escape wheel shaft; 127. Escape fork; 128. Escape fork shaft; 129. Clutch spring; 130. Fork; 131. Connecting rod ;132. Clutch electromagnet;133. Gear engagement confirmation sensor;50. Counterweight guide rail;51. Counterweight oil pot;52. Counterweight guide shoe;53. Counterweight reverse rope pulley;54. Counterweight frame;64. Buffer punch;65. Compensation chain suspension device;71. Auxiliary counterweight frame;73. Middle beam;74. Auxiliary counterweight release electromagnet;75. Auxiliary counterweight claw;76. Left connecting rod;77. Right connecting rod;78. Auxiliary counterweight brake shoe;79. Sliding beam seat;81. Sliding beam;82. Ejection spring;86. Winding shaft;101. Weight adjustment box;102; Guide pipe;103; Solenoid valve;104. Storage box;105. Drainage rope;165. Leveling plug plate;106. Break balance electromagnet;201. Door machine controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0066] It should be noted that the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. In this application, the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These terms are mainly used to better describe the present application and its embodiments, and are not used to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to have specific orientations, or to be constructed and operated in specific orientations.

[0067] In addition, some of the above terms may be used to express other meanings in addition to indicating orientation or positional relationship. For example, the term "on" may also be used to express a certain dependency or connection relationship in some cases. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0068] In addition, the terms "install", "set", "have", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other in the absence of conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0069] Embodiment 1:

[0070] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, an emergency automatic rescue elevator includes a lifting device, a car, a control device, an emergency power supply and an elevator detection device. The control device is electrically connected to the lifting device, the lifting device drives the car to lift and lower, the elevator detection device is connected to the control device, the emergency power supply is electrically connected to the control device, the lifting device and the elevator detection device, the lifting device includes a counterweight, a traction machine, a car return rope pulley and a wire rope, one end of the wire rope is connected to the counterweight, the traction machine is fixed at the top of the elevator shaft, the car return rope pulley is fixed at the top of the car, the wire rope passes through the car return rope pulley and the traction machine in sequence, and the traction wheel drives the car up and down through the wire rope; a descender 12 is installed under the traction wheel of the traction machine, and the descender gear 121 is meshed with the traction machine gear 42; the control device includes a self-rescue controller DCS; the descender 12 and the traction machine are both electrically connected to the self-rescue controller DCS; a brake device 41 is installed on the traction machine, and the brake device 41 coil is electrically connected to the self-rescue controller DCS. The descender can effectively slow down the descent of the elevator during self-rescue.

[0071] like Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown in , the meshing mode of the descender gear 121 and the traction machine gear 42 is helical meshing, and the helical meshing is smoother. The working principle of the descender is an escapement mechanism, and a gear meshing confirmation sensor 133 is fixedly installed on the escapement mechanism. The gear meshing confirmation sensor 133 is also called a gear meshing sensor. The gear meshing confirmation sensor 133 is electrically connected to the input end of the self-rescue controller DCS. When the output end of the self-rescue controller DCS controls the control clutch electromagnet 132 coil to be energized, causing the descender gear to mesh with the traction machine wheel gear, the gear meshing confirmation sensor 133 senses the meshing gear, and transmits the conduction signal feedback to the self-rescue controller DCS, the descender starts to formally play the descending function. The specific working principle of the descender is described later.

[0072] like Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, the elevator detection device also includes a safety door lock detection device, a speed sensor of the car top anti-ropes pulley (see Fig.16 ), leveling sensor, leveling plug plate, upper limit sensing device and lower limit sensing device, the safety door lock detection device is fixed on the car, the speed sensor is installed on the top of the car, and the speed detection of the rotation of the anti-rope pulley can be used to determine the up and down moving speed of the car. The leveling sensor is installed on the top of the car, and the leveling plug plate is installed at the corresponding position next to the hall door of each floor in the elevator shaft. The upper limit sensing device and the lower limit sensing device are respectively fixed on the upper part and the lower part of the elevator shaft; the safety door lock detection device, speed sensor, leveling sensor, upper limit sensing device and lower limit sensing device are all electrically connected to the self-rescue controller DCS; the self-rescue controller DCS is installed in the control cabinet at the top of the elevator shaft, and the control cabinet has a control device and a self-rescue DCS controller. The elevator leveling door opening contactor is also installed in the control cabinet. The elevator leveling door opening contactor is connected to the self-rescue controller DCS, and the leveling door opening signal is transmitted to the door opening signal input point on the car top door machine controller via the elevator accompanying cable.

[0073] The leveling sensor 2 cooperates with the leveling plug plate 165 to sense whether the elevator car has reached the leveling position. The lower limit sensing device 10 is at the first floor position, and the upper limit sensing device 6 should be set at the top floor. The traction machine uses a permanent magnet synchronous traction machine. The permanent magnet synchronous traction machine drive circuit is equipped with a star-sealing circuit and a star-sealing contactor. The star-sealing contactor cooperates with the main circuit of the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine and combines with the descending device to form a double insurance. The car will slowly slide down, which is safer.

[0074] like Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, a guide wheel is installed on the top of the elevator room or the elevator shaft, and the wire rope 7 passes through the guide wheel 8 on the top of the car. Counterweight guide rails 50 are provided on both sides of the counterweight, and the counterweight guide rails are fixed on the wall of the elevator shaft. The counterweight guide shoes 52 are inserted into the counterweight guide rails 50 and guided to run. The elevator counterweight is divided into two parts, the main counterweight and the auxiliary counterweight (or weight adjustment box); a weight adjustment mechanism is installed at the bottom of the counterweight frame. The weight adjustment structure adopts an auxiliary counterweight structure, and the main counterweight grabs and fixes the auxiliary counterweight through an automatic grabbing mechanism. A balance-breaking electromagnet 106 for releasing the auxiliary counterweight is provided on the automatic grabbing mechanism (the detailed working process will be described later), and the self-rescue controller DCS is electrically connected to the balance-breaking electromagnetic coil. Considering the up and down movement of the counterweight, the connection can be a wired or wireless control connection.

[0075] The control method of the emergency automatic rescue elevator of this embodiment 1 is:

[0076] The self-rescue controller DCS is also called the self-rescue DCS controller or the self-rescue controller. When the elevator fails, the fault signal is transmitted to the self-rescue controller DCS, and the self-rescue controller DCS starts (when one of the auxiliary counterweight or the balancing weight box is installed at the bottom of the counterweight). See the process Figure 1 As shown, the control step flow is as follows:

[0077] 1. The elevator runs normally, go to step 2;

[0078] 2. If the elevator fails, go to step 3;

[0079] 3. The elevator self-rescue controller DCS detects the fault signal fed back by the elevator control system and goes to step 4;

[0080] 4. The elevator self-rescue controller DCS detects other feedback signal status of the input port;

[0081] 5. Check whether the speed of the elevator is 0 when it fails; the input end of the elevator self-rescue DCS controller detects whether the elevator speed is 0 through the speed sensor. If yes, proceed to step 6; if not, proceed to step 9;

[0082] 6. Check whether the elevator self-rescue controller DCS input terminal detects whether the hall and car door lock feedback signals are connected. If so, go to step 7; if not, go to step 6;

[0083] 7. Check whether the elevator self-rescue DCS controller input terminal detects the up and down leveling signals. If yes, go to step 8; if not, go to step 18;

[0084] 8. Check whether the elevator self-rescue DCS controller detects the upper and lower limits; if so, proceed to step 9; if not, proceed to step 18;

[0085] 9. Cut off the main power switch during normal operation of the elevator. The self-rescue controller DCS output disconnects the main power switch S1 during normal operation of the elevator;

[0086] 10. Ensure that the elevator main power supply is cut off; the input end of the self-rescue controller DCS detects the feedback signal that the elevator main power switch is disconnected, proving that the original non-emergency rescue power supply of the elevator is indeed cut off, see Figure 2 ;

[0087] 11. The gear of the descending device and the gear of the traction wheel are controlled to mesh; the DCS output of the elevator self-rescue controller controls the coil of the descending device solenoid valve 132 to be energized, so that the gear of the descending device and the gear of the elevator traction wheel are meshed;

[0088] 12. Confirmation of gear meshing; the gear meshing confirmation sensor feedback, whether the elevator self-rescue DCS controller input terminal detects the feedback signal that the traction wheel gear and the descending gear are indeed meshed; if yes, go to step 13; if not, go to step 15a;

[0089] 13. Control to open the elevator brake device, and the elevator has the possibility of slipping; the elevator self-rescue controller DCS output controls the coil of the brake device 41 to be energized, see Figure 3 , the elevator traction machine brake is opened, and the elevator enters the self-rescue state of slipping;

[0090] 14. Determine whether the elevator car is slipping, that is, whether the speed detected by the car speed detection input terminal of the self-rescue controller DCS is 0

[0091] If no, go to step 14a, the elevator is in a state of balance on both sides, go to step 14b, discard the auxiliary counterweight or the weight-adjusting box, break the balance on both sides of the elevator, the elevator self-rescue controller DCS output controls the balance-breaking coil to be energized, discard the auxiliary counterweight or the weight-adjusting box, and go to step 15; if yes (the car speed is 0), go to step 15;

[0092] 15. The elevator self-rescue descender runs slowly, and the process goes to step 16;

[0093] 16. Does the elevator self-rescue descender exceed the set speed? Figure 2 ; No, go to step 17; Yes, go to 15a;

[0094] 17. If the speed is not exceeded, the elevator will self-rescue and the sliding operation will continue;

[0095] 18. The leveling signal is fed back and the elevator stops; after the elevator self-rescue controller DCS input detects the elevator leveling conduction signal feedback, the brake device 41 coil loses power. The traction wheel is locked by the brake device brake shoe and the elevator stops;

[0096] 19. Output the car door opening signal to open the door and let people in; the elevator self-rescue controller DCS outputs, controls the elevator leveling door opening contactor to be energized, controls the car top door motor to be energized to open the door, and the elevator car door drives the hall door to open; at the same time, after the elevator stops at 19a, the DCS controller controls the coil of the descender clutch electromagnet 132 to lose power, separates the meshing of the descender gear and the traction machine gear, see Figure 2 , you can also skip this step and wait for rescuers to come and disengage the gear engagement of the descending device;

[0097] 20. Wait for maintenance personnel to arrive at the scene for rescue.

[0098] The above are the process steps of automatic rescue. It can be seen that when the door lock safety input signal at the input end of the self-rescue controller is turned on, it means that when all the door locks of the elevator are closed normally, the self-rescue controller DCS controls the output to energize the coil of the brake device 41, and the brake device 41 is controlled to open. The traction machine has a state of sliding in which direction, but whether it can slide safely and reliably depends on the following conditions. The following control actions are implemented:

[0099] S1: Determine whether the total weight of the car is equal to the counterweight;

[0100] When the traction mechanism brake device is opened, the traction wheel does not move, and the car will not move, it means that the total weight of the car is equal to the total weight of the counterweight, then the self-rescue controller DCS outputs to energize the coil of the balance-breaking electromagnet 106, release the auxiliary counterweight, or control the solenoid valve 103 to conduct, release the fluid, so that the total weight of the counterweight is less than the total weight of the car, breaking the balance on both sides; if the total weight of the car is greater than or less than the total weight of the counterweight, directly execute S2;

[0101] S2: Determine whether the total weight of the car is equal to the counterweight;

[0102] When the traction machine brake device is opened, the traction wheel rotates, driving the car to move; if the total weight of the car is not equal to the total weight of the counterweight, the car starts to slide; when the total weight of the car is less than the total weight of the counterweight, the car starts to rise; when the total weight of the car is greater than the total weight of the counterweight, the car starts to fall; the speed of movement is limited by S3 to ensure safety;

[0103] S3: When the coil of the brake device 41 is energized, the self-rescue controller DCS simultaneously controls the clutch electromagnet 132 coil of the descender control engagement to be energized, and the descender gear and the traction machine gear are engaged. At this time, the input end of the self-rescue controller DCS will receive the gear engagement confirmation sensor 133 engagement feedback signal, indicating that the escapement teeth of the descender are engaged with the gear teeth on the traction machine, and the elevator car is in the descender operation state; the elevator car is in the descender operation state;

[0104] When to stop running, open the door to let people out, and execute S4;

[0105] S4: When the elevator car is in the S3 state and is slowly descending (the speed is controlled), the self-rescue controller DCS input end detects that the car's leveling sensor 2 sends a leveling arrival signal, and the self-rescue controller DCS output end controls the brake device 41 coil to cut off the power, and the traction machine brake device locks the traction wheel, causing the elevator to stop. The self-rescue controller DCS output controls the elevator leveling door opening contactor to close, and sends an opening signal to the car top door machine controller 201 through the elevator's accompanying cable, controlling the car door to open and release people.

[0106] The speed signal of the speed sensor is transmitted to the input end of the self-rescue controller DCS. When the elevator self-rescues and slips, if the car running speed detected by the speed sensor is greater than the speed set inside the self-rescue controller DCS, the self-rescue controller DCS outputs control to de-energize the coil of the brake device 41, and the brake device 41 locks the traction wheel to stop the elevator and ensure the safety of the elevator. This will prevent the car from rising or falling continuously due to a malfunction of the descending device and the inability to slow down the descent.

[0107] Embodiment 2:

[0108] like Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, an emergency automatic rescue elevator includes a lifting device, a car, a control device, an emergency power supply and an elevator detection device. The control device is electrically connected to the lifting device, the lifting device drives the car to lift, the elevator detection device is connected to the control device, the emergency power supply is electrically connected to the control device, the lifting device, and the elevator detection device. The lifting device includes a counterweight, a traction machine, a car return rope pulley and a wire rope. One end of the wire rope is connected to the counterweight. The traction machine is fixed at the top of the elevator shaft, the car return rope pulley is fixed at the top of the car, the wire rope passes through the car return rope pulley and the traction machine in sequence, and the traction machine drives the car up and down through the wire rope; a retarder is installed under the traction machine, and the retarder gear is meshed with the traction machine gear; the control device includes a self-rescue controller DCS, the retarder and the traction machine are both electrically connected to the self-rescue controller DCS, and a brake device is installed on the traction machine, and the brake device is connected to the self-rescue controller DCS. The self-rescue controller DCS is a DCS self-rescue controller DCS. The retarder can effectively play the role of slowing down.

[0109] like Figure 1-Figure 6 and Fig. 9 As shown in the figure, the gear of the descender and the gear of the traction machine are meshed in a helical gear meshing manner. The descender is an escapement mechanism, on which a gear meshing confirmation sensor is fixedly installed, and the gear meshing confirmation sensor is electrically connected to the self-rescue controller DCS. When the gear meshing confirmation sensor transmits a signal to the self-rescue controller DCS, the descender is started and the descending function is officially played.

[0110] like Figure 1-Figure 6 and Fig. 9 As shown, the elevator detection device includes a safety door lock detection device, a speed sensor, a leveling sensor, a leveling plug plate, an upper limit sensing device and a lower limit sensing device. The safety door lock detection device is composed of electrical switches fixed on the car door and N hall doors in series. The circuit is fed back to the input end of the self-rescue controller DCS. The speed sensor is installed on the anti-ropes pulley on the top of the car. When the car moves up and down, the anti-ropes pulley is driven to rotate. The teeth on the toothed wheel disc on the anti-ropes pulley are sensed by the speed sensor. The faster the car is, the faster the anti-ropes pulley rotates. In this way, the self-rescue can be used to detect the speed of the car moving up and down.

[0111] The leveling sensor is installed on the top of the car, and the leveling plug is installed next to the hall door on each floor in the elevator shaft, with one set on each floor in the shaft. When the car moves up and down, the leveling plug passes through the corresponding sensing head of the leveling sensor. Then, the leveling sensor can output an on / off signal. The signal is transmitted through the accompanying cable at the bottom of the elevator car. There is a control cabinet on the top of the elevator shaft, and there is a self-rescue controller DCS in the control cabinet.

[0112] The upper limit sensing device and the lower limit sensing device are fixed on the upper and lower parts of the elevator shaft respectively; the elevator fault alarm device, the safety door lock detection device, the speed sensor, the leveling sensor, the upper limit sensing device and the lower limit sensing device are all electrically connected to the self-rescue controller DCS; an elevator door opener is also installed on the top of the car, and the elevator leveling door opening contactor in the control cabinet is electrically connected to the self-rescue controller DCS. After completing the self-rescue, the DCS controller outputs a door opening signal, and the accompanying cable sends a signal to the door machine controller to control the car door to open and let people in. See the process Figure 1 Step 19. The leveling sensor and the leveling plug plate work together to sense whether the elevator has reached the leveling floor. The lower limit sensor is at the first floor, and the upper limit sensor should be set at the top floor. See the overall installation position. Figure 1 shown.

[0113] like Figure 1-6 and Fig. 9 As shown, (1) Elevator traction machine permanent magnet synchronous traction machine. The elevator (for example, in the control cabinet) can be equipped with a self-rescue star-sealing contactor, and the elevator self-rescue controller DCS controls when to act and conduct; for example, when the elevator fails, the elevator self-rescue controller DCS controls the action of the slow-down device, and the star-sealing contactor can be switched to attract, and the three-phase disconnected winding in the motor of the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine is connected, so that the main machine of the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine is in a power generation braking state when the car slides. At this time, the elevator sliding speed is also controlled at a very low speed, so the slow-down device and the star-sealing contactor cooperate with each other on the elevator of the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine, forming a double insurance, and the car will slowly slide down, which is safer. A guide wheel is installed on the top of the elevator shaft, and the wire rope passes through the guide wheel. Counterweight guide rails are provided on both sides of the counterweight, and the counterweight guide rails are fixed on the wall of the elevator shaft, and the counterweight is stuck in the counterweight guide rails.

[0114] (2) Of course, when the elevator uses a three-phase asynchronous traction machine as the main unit, since the asynchronous main unit does not have the possibility of star-lock braking (connecting the three-phase winding), the only way to use the descending device method described in this article is to automatically open the brake to slide the car to rescue and release people.

[0115] like Figure 1-6 and Fig. 9As shown, another parabolic method is proposed, namely, a fluid parabolic method, that is, a weight adjustment mechanism is installed at the bottom of the counterweight of the elevator. The weight adjustment mechanism includes a weight adjustment box 101. The weight adjustment box is fixed at the bottom of the counterweight, and water is stored in the weight adjustment box. A guide pipe, namely a water pipe 102, is installed at the bottom of the weight adjustment box. A solenoid valve 103 is installed on the guide pipe. The solenoid valve 103 is electrically connected to the self-rescue controller DCS in the elevator control cabinet through the elevator accompanying cable. A storage box 104 is fixed at the bottom of the elevator shaft. There is a vertical drainage rope 105 from the top to the bottom of the elevator shaft. The water in the conduit pipe flows out, flows onto the drainage rope, and flows into the storage box (water tank) through the drainage rope.

[0116] The control method of the emergency automatic rescue elevator of the second embodiment is as follows: when the elevator fails, the fault signal is transmitted to the DCS input port of the self-rescue controller, and then after detecting that other conditions are met, the Fig.19 (process Figure 1 ), Fig. 20 (process Figure 2 ), Fig.21 (process Figure 3 ), start the self-rescue mode and implement the following control actions:

[0117] S1: Determine whether the total weight of the car is equal to the counterweight;

[0118] When the traction machine brake device is open, the traction wheel does not move, and the car will not move, it means that the total weight of the car is equal to the total weight of the counterweight, and the self-rescue controller DCS outputs;

[0119] Determine whether the total weight of the car is equal to the total weight of the counterweight; if the total weight of the car is equal to the total weight of the counterweight, send an opening signal to the solenoid valve to release the water in the water tank, so that the total weight of the counterweight is less than the total weight of the car; if the total weight of the car is greater than or less than the total weight of the counterweight, directly execute S2; the total weight of the car includes the sum of the weight of the passengers and the car, and the total weight of the counterweight side includes the sum of the weight of the counterweight plus the weight of the weight-adjusting box and the water inside it;

[0120] If the total weight of the car is greater than or less than the total weight of the counterweight, directly execute S2;

[0121] S2: Determine whether the total weight of the car is equal to the counterweight;

[0122] When the traction machine's brake device opens, the traction wheel rotates, driving the car to move; if the total weight of the car is not equal to the total weight of the counterweight, the car starts to slide; when the total weight of the car is less than the total weight of the counterweight, the car starts to rise; when the total weight of the car is greater than the total weight of the counterweight, the car starts to descend; the speed of movement is limited by S3 to ensure safety.

[0123] S3: When the coil of the brake device 41 is energized, the self-rescue controller DCS simultaneously controls the clutch electromagnet 132 coil of the descender control engagement to be energized, and the descender gear and the traction machine gear are engaged. At this time, the input end of the self-rescue controller DCS will receive the gear engagement confirmation sensor 133 engagement feedback signal, indicating that the escapement teeth of the descender are engaged with the gear teeth on the traction machine, and the elevator car is in the descender operation state; the elevator car is in the descender operation state;

[0124] S4: When the elevator car is in the S3 state and is slowly descending (the speed is controlled), the self-rescue controller DCS input end detects that the car's leveling sensor 2 sends a leveling arrival signal, and the self-rescue controller DCS output end controls the brake device 41 coil to cut off the power, and the traction machine brake device locks the traction wheel, causing the elevator to stop. The self-rescue controller DCS output controls the elevator leveling door opening contactor to close, and sends an opening signal to the car top door machine controller 201 through the elevator's accompanying cable, controlling the car door to open and release people.

[0125] When the speed sensor 2 speed signal is transmitted to the self-rescue controller DCS input terminal, Figure 2 If the speed signal detected by the speed sensor is greater than the speed set in the self-rescue controller DCS, the self-rescue controller DCS outputs and controls the coil of the brake device 41 to lose power. The brake device locks the traction wheel to stop the elevator and ensure the safety of the elevator. This will prevent the car from rising or falling continuously due to a failure of the descending device and the inability to slow down the descent.

[0126] In the two embodiments, a self-rescue controller DCS is adopted. By transmitting various signals detected by the elevator detection device to the input end of the self-rescue controller DCS, the signals are processed and judged by the internal software of the controller, and then the self-rescue controller DCS outputs instructions to start the braking device and the descender, so that when the elevator fails, the elevator can slowly descend to the level floor. When reaching the level floor, and the detected upper limit sensing device signal or the lower limit sensing device signal is normal, the DCS controls the elevator leveling door opening contactor to be energized, and transmits the door opening signal to the door machine controller on the top of the car, thereby controlling the opening of the car door to allow the trapped people to come out of the elevator, thereby achieving the technical effect that the trapped people cannot escape in a short time.

[0127] The working principle of the escapement mechanism of the descending device is as follows:

[0128] After the clutch electromagnet 132 coil of the descender in the figure above is energized, the traction machine gear is meshed with the descender input gear, and the rotation of the traction machine shaft is transmitted to the descender mechanism. After the elevator brake device is opened and the car enters the sliding state, the escapement mechanism in the descender starts to move. The periodic movement, stop, and movement of the escapement mechanism limits the speed of the car release, thereby achieving the purpose of limiting the speed of the car. The speed of the car can be designed.

[0129] Specific mechanism connection: The rotation of the traction machine is transmitted to the escapement wheel 123 of the descending mechanism through the meshing of the winch gear 42 on the outer edge of the traction wheel and the descending gear 121. The escapement wheel 123 realizes the impulse transmission process for the escapement fork 127, and relies on the inherent rotational inertia of the escapement fork 127 and the impulse transmission torque of the escapement wheel to cause the escapement fork 127 to swing back and forth, thereby realizing the escapement process. In order to ensure that the descending mechanism does not affect the normal operation of the elevator when the elevator is in a normal state, the descending gear 121 is designed as a movable gear-engaging structure. When the elevator is operating normally, the clutch electromagnet 132, the connecting rod 131 and the fork 130 are used to disengage the descending gear 121 from the winch gear 42 on the outer edge of the traction wheel, which does not affect the normal operation of the elevator. After judgment by the electrical system, when the elevator enters the rescue state, see the flow chart. Figure 1 ,process Figure 2 ,process Figure 3 , relying on the elastic force of the clutch spring 129, the descending device gear 121 is pushed to engage with the turning gear 42 on the outer edge of the traction wheel.

[0130] The escapement mechanism is inserted into the rotation process of the traction machine. After the proximity sensor is used to confirm that the meshing is good, the self-rescue controller DCS outputs to open the traction machine brake device 41, so that the elevator system enters a slow sliding state.

[0131] Considering that the number of passengers in the elevator is sometimes more and sometimes less, when the elevator system enters the brake-opening slipping state, when there are many passengers, the car slides down and the traction machine rotates clockwise; when there are few passengers, the counterweight slides down and the traction machine rotates counterclockwise. In other words, the escapement mechanism must be able to move in both clockwise and counterclockwise directions.

[0132] The escape wheel 123 and the escape fork 127 are designed as shown in the figure: the tooth shape of the escape wheel 123 is a straight line type or a helical symmetrical tooth shape, and the escape fork 127 is designed as a pin type. In this way, both the forward rotation escapement and the reverse rotation escapement can be satisfied, thereby ensuring that the elevator car can be slipped in any direction regardless of the number of passengers in the car.

[0133] The tooth end faces of the turning gear and the pinion are processed into chamfered state to facilitate smooth meshing of the pinion when sliding. The pinion and the shaft slide with splines.

[0134] At the same time, due to the effect of the descender, the elevator is prevented from descending too fast, which may cause injuries to people in the elevator. The speed sensor can detect the descending speed of the car, thereby solving the technical problem that due to the easy occurrence of malfunctions in the elevator, passengers are trapped in the car for a long time, causing physical discomfort to the trapped people and being unable to escape in a short time.

[0135] When an elevator breaks down, the trapped elevator stops at a non-level area of ​​the elevator shaft. The trapped people can use this elevator system to automatically stop the elevator at the level area smoothly. When it reaches the first floor or the top floor, the elevator door is automatically opened through circuit control, allowing the trapped people to automatically escape. Moreover, when the weight of the counterweight is equal to the weight of the elevator plus the weight of the elevator, the parabolic method can be used to release the auxiliary counterweight (the auxiliary counterweight can be a combination of one or more auxiliary counterweights) or release the fluid to reduce the weight, so that the elevator can smoothly descend to the level position, achieving the purpose of rescue, which is very convenient and practical.

[0136] Elevator parabolic method - breaking the balance mechanism separation and docking working principle is as follows:

[0137] See Figure 10-15 , counterweight guide rail 50, counterweight oil pot 51, counterweight guide shoe 52, counterweight counter-ropes 53, main counterweight frame 54, buffer punch 64, compensation chain suspension device 65, grabbing mechanism middle beam 73, auxiliary counterweight release electromagnet 74, auxiliary counterweight claw 75, grabbing mechanism left connecting rod 76, grabbing mechanism right connecting rod 77, auxiliary counterweight brake shoe 78, auxiliary counterweight frame 71, sliding beam seat 79, sliding beam 81, ejection spring 82.

[0138] Of course, for the sake of safety, the design of the auxiliary counterweight to be thrown away can be controlled within 150kg (actually measured, the car can slide after 50kg of auxiliary counterweight is thrown away). The balance can be broken. Usually the rated load of civil elevators is 400-2000kg. Even for the lightest elevator, according to the formula on both sides of the elevator: total weight of counterweight = car weight + half of the rated load of the car, the balance point on both sides of the elevator is also when the car is loaded with 200kg. At the maximum load, the weight difference on both sides is also 200kg, which will not cause unsafe factors to its traction machine brake. Therefore, the maximum weight of the auxiliary counterweight thrown should not exceed half of the rated load of the elevator car, otherwise, there is a risk that the elevator brake device will not be able to hold the traction wheel.

[0139] Mechanical connection relationship: See the process for separation of main and auxiliary counterweights. Figure 1 ,process Figure 2 ,process Figure 3When the self-rescue controller DCS determines that the auxiliary counterweight needs to be abandoned, the output control grabbing mechanism closes the electromagnet 106 to be energized, and the magnetism generated by the coil inside the electromagnet causes the auxiliary counterweight to release the electromagnet 74 to pull the middle beam 73 upward. After the electromagnet pulls the middle beam 73, the auxiliary counterweight claws on both sides are pulled through the pull rods and small connecting rods symmetrically installed on both sides and the small connecting rods hingedly installed therewith (the outermost shaft is fixed); the auxiliary counterweight claws rotate counterclockwise around the axis, so that they are disengaged from the inclined surface of the sliding beam; the sliding beam is separated from the top pressure of the auxiliary counterweight claws, and moves to both sides under the elastic force of the ejection spring, so that the auxiliary counterweight brake shoe supports the counterweight guide rail 50, ensuring that the auxiliary counterweight can be stably stuck on the counterweight guide rail. After the auxiliary counterweight is separated from the main counterweight, the auxiliary counterweight claws are restored to the initial position by the pulling action of the ejection spring.

[0140] The process of connecting the main and auxiliary counterweights: When the main body of the counterweight moves close to the auxiliary counterweight, the auxiliary counterweight claw 75 contacts the slide beam. When the main body of the counterweight continues to move downward, the auxiliary counterweight claw is clamped into the inclined surface of the slide beam. At this time, the auxiliary counterweight release electromagnet is controlled to push out, and through the action of the pull rod, left connecting rod and right connecting rod, the auxiliary counterweight claw is pushed to the limit position, thereby pushing the slide beam inward, so that the auxiliary counterweight brake shoe is separated from the counterweight guide rail.

[0141] At this time, the left connecting rod and the right connecting rod are in a collinear state, forming a two-force rod, so that the auxiliary counterweight claw firmly supports the sliding beam. At this time, the auxiliary counterweight and the counterweight body form a whole and can move up and down. The same auxiliary counterweight structure can also be installed at the bottom of the car.

[0142] Parabolic method flow chart, parabolic method: main and auxiliary counterweight separation and connection work flow chart.

[0143] 1. The elevator enters self-rescue state.

[0144] 2. Control the elevator descender to engage and open the elevator brake.

[0145] See process Figure 1 ,process Figure 2 ,process Figure 3 When the self-rescue controller DCS controls the output control of the descender to engage (the descender clutch electromagnet 132 coil is energized), the two gears are engaged, and the self-rescue controller DCS also controls the output control of the brake device 41 coil in the brake opening to energize, the brake device opens, and the traction wheel brake is not applied.

[0146] 3. Both sides are balanced and the elevator does not slip.

[0147] Balance on both sides. The elevator does not slip. When the self-rescue controller DCS controls the descender and opens the brake, the elevator does not slip, indicating that both sides are balanced, and the counterweight includes the main counterweight and the auxiliary counterweight.

[0148] 4. Abandon the secondary counterweight to break the balance.

[0149] Execute the abandonment of the auxiliary counterweight, break the balance, and the self-rescue controller DCS output breaks the balance output point conduction, see attached Figure 2 , the solenoid valve (iron) coil of the parabolic mechanism is energized, the solenoid valve push rod is attracted upward, driving the claw to disengage from the slot and release the secondary counterweight.

[0150] 5. The main and auxiliary counterweights are separated, and the auxiliary counterweight is stuck in the guide rail

[0151] The spring in the auxiliary counterweight mechanism pushes out the auxiliary counterweight guide shoe through the push rod, and fixes the auxiliary counterweight on the counterweight guide rail 50.

[0152] 6. The elevator slides, and the main counterweight is driven to slide upward

[0153] After the auxiliary counterweight is thrown away, when the elevator system's brake is open, the elevator car, which is heavier than the counterweight, drives the main counterweight to slide upward and the car to slide downward.

[0154] 7. The elevator stops at the same level and the passengers are released. Self-rescue is completed.

[0155] When the car slides to the leveling position in the shaft (the plug plate is inserted into the leveling sensor, and the sensor conduction signal is fed back to the DCS controller), the DCS control cuts off the coil power supply of the brake device 41, and the brake device loses power and holds the traction wheel, and the elevator stops at the leveling position in the shaft. After that, the DCS controller outputs the door opening signal, the car door opens to release the passengers, and the self-rescue is completed.

[0156] 8. After the elevator is rescued, operate the main counterweight to automatically grab the auxiliary counterweight to ensure the safety of subsequent maintenance work.

[0157] After the faulty elevator stops at the level and releases the passengers, it is in a waiting state. After n minutes, the maintenance and rescue personnel arrive and disconnect the self-rescue control mode. At this time, the coil of the clutch solenoid valve 132 of the elevator descender loses power, the meshing mechanism separates, climbs to the top of the car, and operates the elevator car to go up slowly for maintenance. At this time, the main counterweight goes down.

[0158] 9. The elevator continues to go down, and the grabbing mechanism naturally contacts the upper

[0159] The maintenance personnel operate the elevator to slowly ascend on the car top, so that the main counterweight of the elevator descends. When it is close to separation, the auxiliary counterweight stuck on the guide rail, the auxiliary counterweight claw rotates inward by the deadweight of the middle beam and the multi-link mechanism formed by the small connecting rod and the right connecting rod 77 (at this time, the DCS controller has cut off the power supply to the coil of the balance-breaking electromagnet 106 in the figure, and the electromagnet coil is in a power-off state).

[0160] 10. The elevator main and auxiliary counterweights are successfully connected

[0161] The main and auxiliary counterweights are successfully docked. When the counterweight body continues to move close to the auxiliary counterweight, the main counterweight claw contacts the slide beam. When the counterweight body continues to move downward, the auxiliary counterweight claw 75 is clamped into the inclined surface of the slide beam 81 to automatically grab the auxiliary counterweight.

[0162] like Fig. 20 , also known as process Figure 1 , wherein, step 10 ensures that the elevator main power supply is cut off, and the input end of the self-rescue controller DCS detects the feedback signal of the elevator main power switch, proving that the original non-emergency rescue power supply of the elevator is indeed cut off;

[0163] Step 11, the star-sealing contactor is energized, the three-phase winding of the traction machine is connected end to end, the elevator self-rescue controller DCS outputs, controls the star-sealing contactor coil to be energized, and the three-phase winding of the traction machine is connected end to end;

[0164] Step 13, control to open the elevator brake device, the elevator has the possibility of slipping, the elevator self-rescue controller DCS output, control the brake device upper coil to be energized, the elevator traction mechanism brake device is opened, and the elevator enters the slipping self-rescue state;

[0165] Step 14, determining whether the elevator car is slipping, that is, whether the speed detected by the car speed detection input terminal of the self-rescue controller DCS is 0;

[0166] Step 18, after the elevator self-rescue controller DCS input terminal detects the elevator leveling conduction signal feedback, it immediately controls the output brake device 41 coil to lose power, the traction wheel is locked by the brake device brake shoe, and the elevator stops.

[0167] Step 19, output the car door opening signal, open the door to let people in, the elevator self-rescue controller outputs, controls the elevator leveling door opening contactor to be energized, controls the car top door motor to be energized to open the door, and the elevator car door drives the hall door to open.

[0168] like Fig.21 As shown, the process Figure 2 , is the self-rescue flow chart of three-phase asynchronous traction machine elevator.

[0169] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Connecting the weight adjustment mechanism to the bottom of the car is also within the protection scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An emergency automatic rescue elevator, comprising a lifting device, a car (1), a control device, an emergency power supply and an elevator detection device, wherein the control device is electrically connected to the lifting device, the lifting device drives the car to rise and fall, the elevator detection device is connected to the control device, and the emergency power supply is electrically connected to the control device, the lifting device and the elevator detection device, characterized in that: The lifting device comprises a counterweight (9), a traction machine (4), a car return rope pulley (8) and a steel wire rope (7); the traction machine (4) is fixed on the top of an elevator machine room or an elevator shaft (11); the car return rope pulley (8) is fixed on the top of the car; the steel wire rope (7) passes through the car return rope pulley (8) and the traction machine (4) in sequence; the traction machine (4) drives the car to move up and down through the steel wire rope; a descender (12) is installed below the traction machine (4), and the gear of the descender (12) is meshed with the gear of the traction machine (4); the control device comprises a self-rescue controller DCS (3); the descender (12) and the traction machine (4) are both electrically connected to the self-rescue controller DCS; a brake device (41) is installed on the traction machine, and the brake device (41) is connected to the self-rescue controller DCS; A weight adjustment mechanism may also be installed at the bottom end of the counterweight (9); the weight adjustment mechanism comprises a secondary counterweight (92); The bottom end of the counterweight (9) is connected to the auxiliary counterweight (92) via an automatic grabbing mechanism, the automatic grabbing mechanism is provided with a balance-breaking electromagnet (106) for releasing the auxiliary counterweight, and the self-rescue controller DCS (3) is connected to the coil on the balance-breaking electromagnet (106); Separation process of the main and auxiliary counterweights: When the self-rescue controller DCS determines that the auxiliary counterweight needs to be abandoned, the output control grabbing mechanism breaks the balance electromagnet (106) and is energized, causing the auxiliary counterweight release electromagnet (74) to pull the middle beam (73) upward, thereby pulling the auxiliary counterweight claws (75) on both sides and the inclined surface of the slide beam (81) out; the slide beam is freed from the pressure of the auxiliary counterweight claws and moves to both sides under the elastic force of the ejection spring (82), so that the auxiliary counterweight brake shoe (78) is pressed against the counterweight guide rail (50); The connection process between the main and auxiliary counterweights: when the main body of the counterweight moves close to the auxiliary counterweight, the auxiliary counterweight claw contacts the slide beam. When the main body of the counterweight (9) continues to move downward, the auxiliary counterweight claw (75) is clamped into the inclined surface of the slide beam. At this time, the auxiliary counterweight release electromagnet (74) is controlled to be pushed out. Through the action of the pull rod, the left connecting rod (76) and the right connecting rod (77), the auxiliary counterweight claw is pushed to the limit position, thereby pushing the slide beam (81) inward, so that the auxiliary counterweight brake shoe (78) is separated from the counterweight guide rail.

2. The emergency automatic rescue elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The meshing mode of the gear of the descending device (12) and the gear of the traction machine (4) includes spur gear meshing or helical gear meshing.

3. The emergency automatic rescue elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The descender (12) is an escapement mechanism, on which a gear meshing confirmation sensor (133) and a clutch electromagnet (132) are fixedly mounted, and the gear meshing confirmation sensor (133) and the clutch electromagnet (132) are both electrically connected to a self-rescue controller DCS.

4. The emergency automatic rescue elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elevator detection device comprises a safety door lock detection device (31) for the entire electrical connection of the elevator car door and the hall door, a speed sensor (32), a leveling sensor (2), a leveling plug plate (165), an upper limit sensing device (6) and a lower limit sensing device (10), wherein the safety door lock detection device is fixed on the car; the speed sensor (32) is installed on the reverse rope pulley at the top of the car to detect the speed of the car moving up and down; the leveling sensor (2) is installed on the top of the car, and the leveling plug plate corresponding to each floor is installed on the In the elevator shaft; the upper limit sensing device and the lower limit sensing device are respectively fixed at the upper part and the lower part of the elevator shaft; the safety door lock detection device, the speed sensor, the leveling sensor, the upper limit sensing device and the lower limit sensing device are all electrically connected to the self-rescue controller DCS; an elevator leveling door opening contactor (33) is also installed on the top of the elevator machine room or the elevator shaft (11), and the elevator leveling door opening contactor is connected to the self-rescue controller DCS, and transmits the door opening signal to the door machine controller (201) on the top of the car through the accompanying cable.

5. The emergency automatic rescue elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traction machine (4) is a permanent magnet synchronous main machine or an asynchronous main machine.

6. The emergency automatic rescue elevator according to claim 5, characterized in that: A star-sealing contactor is connected to the driving circuit of the permanent magnet synchronous host.

7. The emergency automatic rescue elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide wheel (5) is installed on the top of an elevator machine room or an elevator shaft (11), and a steel wire rope (7) passes through the guide wheel (5). The counterweight is divided into a main counterweight and an auxiliary counterweight (92). Counterweight guide shoes (52) and counterweight guide rails (50) are provided on both sides of the main counterweight and the auxiliary counterweight. The counterweight guide rails are fixed on the wall of the elevator shaft. The counterweight guide shoes (52) are installed on the main counterweight and the auxiliary counterweight (92) and are clamped in the counterweight guide rails (50).

8. The control method of the emergency automatic rescue elevator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: When an elevator fails, the fault signal is transmitted to the self-rescue controller DCS. After the self-rescue controller DCS determines that other safety conditions are met, the self-rescue function is activated; when the auxiliary counterweight is installed at the bottom of the counterweight, the self-rescue controller DCS implements the following control actions: S1: Determine whether the total weight of the car is equal to the total weight of the counterweight; When the brake device (41) is opened, the traction wheel on the traction machine does not move, and the car does not move, it means that the total weight of the car is equal to the total weight of the counterweight, and S2 is directly executed; otherwise, it means that the total weight of the car is not equal to the total weight of the counterweight, and S3 is directly executed; S2: The self-rescue controller DCS controls the coil on the balance electromagnet (106) to be energized and starts to release the auxiliary counterweight (92), so that the total weight of the counterweight is less than the total weight of the car, and the car starts to descend, and then executes S3; S3: When the coil of the brake device (41) is energized, the self-rescue controller DCS simultaneously energizes the coil of the clutch electromagnet (132) for controlling the meshing in the descender, and the descender gear and the traction machine gear mesh. At this time, the input end of the self-rescue controller DCS receives the meshing feedback signal of the gear meshing confirmation sensor (133), and the gear on the descender and the gear on the traction machine are meshed successfully. S4: The elevator car is in the S3 state and the entire electrical connection between the car door and the hall door is such that when the self-rescue controller DCS input end detects that the car's leveling sensor (2) sends a leveling signal, the self-rescue controller DCS output end controls the brake device (41) to cut off the power to the coil, and the brake device locks the traction wheel on the traction machine, causing the elevator to stop. The self-rescue controller DCS output controls the elevator leveling door opening contactor to close, and sends a door opening signal to the door machine controller (201) via the elevator's accompanying cable, controlling the car door to open and release people.

9. The control method of the emergency automatic rescue elevator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: When an elevator fails, the fault signal is transmitted to the self-rescue controller DCS. After the self-rescue controller DCS determines that other safety conditions are met, the elevator self-rescue function is activated; when the auxiliary counterweight is installed at the bottom of the car, the following control actions are implemented: S1: Determine whether the total weight of the car is equal to the total weight of the counterweight; When the brake device is opened, the traction wheel on the traction machine does not move, and the car does not move, it means that the total weight of the car is equal to the total weight of the counterweight, and S2 is directly executed; otherwise, it means that the total weight of the car is not equal to the total weight of the counterweight, and S3 is directly executed; S2: The self-rescue controller DCS controls the coil on the balance electromagnet (106) to be energized, and starts to release the auxiliary counterweight (92), causing the total weight of the car to be less than the total weight of the counterweight, and the car starts to rise; S3: When the coil of the brake device (41) is energized, the self-rescue controller DCS simultaneously energizes the coil of the clutch electromagnet (132) for controlling the meshing in the descending device, and the descending device gear and the traction machine gear mesh. At this time, the input end of the self-rescue controller DCS receives a meshing feedback signal from the gear meshing confirmation sensor (133), indicating that the meshing of the gear on the descending device and the gear teeth on the traction machine are successful; S4: The elevator car is in the S3 state and the descending retarder also plays a descending retarding role. When the self-rescue controller DCS input end detects that the car's leveling sensor (2) sends a leveling signal, the self-rescue controller DCS output end controls the brake device (41) to cut off the power to the coil, and the brake device locks the traction wheel on the traction machine, causing the elevator to stop. The self-rescue controller DCS output controls the elevator leveling door opening contactor to close, and sends a door opening signal to the door machine controller (201) through the elevator's accompanying cable, controlling the car door to open and release people.

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