Ballast bed crushing equipment

Abstract

The ballast bed crushing equipment provided in the embodiment of the present invention relates to the field of ballasted track. It is intended to alleviate the problem that the ballast bed of the existing track turnout line section is heavy and difficult to tamp. The ballast bed crushing equipment includes: a walking structure, the walking structure is used to slide with the rail; a crushing structure and a rotating structure, the crushing structure is installed on the walking structure through the rotating structure, so that the crushing structure can rotate relative to the walking structure, thereby crushing the ballast on both sides of the rail. In the process of the walking structure moving along the rail, it drives the crushing structure and the rotating structure to move synchronously, and the crushing structure crushes and tamps the ballast on one side of the rail; the crushing structure can rotate relative to the walking structure to crush the ballast on both sides of the rail. Compared with the use of manually operated small mechanical equipment, the ballast bed crushing equipment provided in this embodiment saves labor, can increase the crushing strength, and is easy to crush and tamp the position where the ballast bed is heavily compacted in the turnout line section.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of ballasted track, and in particular to a ballast bed crushing device. Background Art

[0002] In ballasted track, as time goes by, the unclean rate of the ballast bed will gradually increase, and the pores of the ballast will gradually be blocked, hindering the normal drainage of the ballast bed. Under the power of the locomotive and vehicle, a hard layer will first form at the bottom of the ballast bed, and then gradually develop, causing the entire ballast bed to become compacted and lose its elasticity. When the unclean rate of the ballast bed is low, repair and maintenance operations are required; the main line is repaired using a slope cleaning machine; for sections that cannot be reached by turnout lines or large-scale road maintenance machinery, manual operation of small mechanical equipment is currently used for maintenance operations, which has the problem of difficulty in tamping. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention includes, for example, providing a ballast bed crushing device, which can alleviate the problem that the ballast bed of existing track turnout line sections is heavy and difficult to tamp.

[0004] The embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as follows:

[0005] The ballast bed crushing equipment provided by the embodiment of the present invention comprises:

[0006] A walking structure, which is used for sliding cooperation with the rails;

[0007] The crushing structure and the rotating structure, the crushing structure is installed on the traveling structure through the rotating structure, so that the crushing structure can rotate relative to the traveling structure, thereby crushing the ballast on both sides of the rail.

[0008] In addition, the ballast bed crushing equipment provided by the embodiment of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0009] Optionally:

[0010] The ballast bed crushing equipment includes a mounting shaft;

[0011] The rotating structure is rotatably arranged on the walking structure through a mounting shaft, the mounting shaft is vertically mounted, and the crushing structure rotates around the axis of the mounting shaft.

[0012] Optionally:

[0013] The rotating structure includes a first rotating shaft, which is installed transversely;

[0014] The crushing structure rotates around the axis of the first rotation shaft.

[0015] Optionally:

[0016] The rotating structure also includes a second rotating shaft, which is installed vertically;

[0017] The crushing structure rotates around the axis of the second rotation shaft.

[0018] Optionally:

[0019] The rotating structure is a cross universal joint, and the first rotating axis is perpendicular to the second rotating axis;

[0020] The cross universal joint includes a first yoke and a second yoke; the first yoke is fixed on the mounting shaft, and the two ends of the first rotating shaft are respectively rotatably connected to the two ends of the first yoke; the second yoke is located on the inner side of the first yoke, and the two ends of the second yoke are respectively rotatably connected to the two ends of the second rotating shaft.

[0021] Optionally:

[0022] The ballast bed crushing device also includes an adjustment frame connected to the rotating structure;

[0023] The crushing structure can be slidably arranged on the adjustment frame to be close to and away from the walking structure.

[0024] Optionally:

[0025] The adjustment frame comprises a limiting rod, a guide rod and a handrail rod which are connected in sequence, the guide rod is connected between the limiting rod and the handrail rod, the limiting rod is connected to the rotating structure, and the crushing structure is slidably arranged on the guide rod.

[0026] Optionally:

[0027] The crushing structure comprises a power group and a stepped drill bit arranged below the power group.

[0028] Optionally:

[0029] The crushing structure also includes a protective cover;

[0030] The protective cover is arranged on the outer periphery of the step drill bit.

[0031] Optionally:

[0032] The walking structure includes a walking frame, a fixed roller, a movable roller, a fixed limiting wheel and a movable limiting wheel;

[0033] The fixed roller and the fixed limiting wheel are fixed on one side of the traveling frame, and the movable roller and the movable limiting wheel are both slidably arranged on the other side of the traveling frame. The fixed roller and the movable roller roll together with the top of the upper edge of the rail, and the fixed limiting wheel and the movable limiting wheel press against the bottom of the upper edge of the rail.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the ballast bed crushing device of the embodiment of the present invention include, for example:

[0035] The ballast bed crushing equipment, the crushing structure and the rotating structure are supported on the rails by the walking structure. When the walking structure moves along the rails, the crushing structure and the rotating structure are driven to move synchronously, so that the crushing structure crushes and tamps the ballast on one side of the rails; the crushing structure is installed on the walking structure through the rotating structure, and the crushing structure can rotate relative to the walking structure, so as to crush the ballast on both sides of the rails. Compared with the maintenance work on the rails by manually operating small mechanical equipment, the ballast bed crushing equipment provided in this embodiment saves labor, can increase the crushing strength, and is easy to crush and tamp the position where the ballast bed is heavily compacted in the branch line section. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a first state of a ballast bed crushing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a second state of the ballast bed crushing equipment provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 A partial cross-sectional view of a ballast bed crushing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Icons: 10-ballast bed crushing equipment; 100-walking structure; 110-fixed roller; 120-moving roller; 130-fixed limiting wheel; 140-moving limiting wheel; 200-rotating structure; 210-limiting block; 300-adjusting frame; 310-limiting rod; 320-guide rod; 330-handrail rod; 400-power group; 500-step drill bit; 700-first fixed ring; 800-second fixed ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0042] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. appear to indicate an orientation or position relationship, they are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when used. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0045] In addition, the terms “first”, “second”, etc., if used, are merely used to distinguish between the descriptions and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0046] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other.

[0047] At present, the turnout lines of the track or the sections that cannot be reached by large-scale road maintenance machinery are all maintained by manually operated small mechanical equipment, such as the existing internal combustion tamping machine, which is used to tamp the railway track bed, adjust the level and height of the railway track, tamp the track bed, maintain the quality of the line track, and ensure the smooth operation of the train. The principle of the internal combustion tamping machine is to use the tamping head to generate high-frequency disturbance force to rearrange and compact the ballast under the pillow to achieve the purpose of tamping the ballast of the road bed, but this operation method is difficult to solve the problem of heavy road bed compaction. The road bed crushing equipment provided in this embodiment can alleviate this technical problem.

[0048] Combine the following Figures 1 to 3 The ballast bed crushing device 10 provided in this embodiment is described in detail.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 1 The ballast bed crushing device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes: a walking structure 100, which is used to slide with the rail; a crushing structure and a rotating structure 200, wherein the crushing structure is installed on the walking structure 100 through the rotating structure 200 so that the crushing structure can rotate relative to the walking structure 100, thereby crushing the ballast on both sides of the rail.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 1 The walking structure 100 is in sliding cooperation with the rail. The rotating structure 200 is arranged on the walking structure 100. The walking structure 100 can move back and forth along the extension direction of the rail, driving the rotating structure 200 to move synchronously, and driving the crushing structure to move synchronously. Under the action of the rotating structure 200, the crushing structure can rotate relative to the walking structure 100. The crushing structure can be located at different positions relative to the walking structure 100, and the ballast at different positions can be crushed and tamped, mainly referring to the ballast on both sides of the rail.

[0051] The rotating structure 200 and the crushing structure are driven to move by the walking structure 100, and there is no need to rely on manpower to move the crushing structure to the corresponding crushing position, which saves labor and improves processing efficiency.

[0052] Please continue to refer to Figure 1 In this embodiment, the ballast bed crushing device 10 includes a mounting shaft; the rotating structure 200 is rotatably disposed on the walking structure 100 through the mounting shaft, the mounting shaft is vertically installed, and the crushing structure rotates around the axis of the mounting shaft.

[0053] by Figure 1 The relative position in the installation is introduced, the installation axis is installed vertically, along Figure 1 The rotating structure 200 can rotate around the axis of the mounting shaft, driving the crushing structure to rotate around the axis of the mounting shaft, and the crushing structure can move around the walking structure 100 to be located on the inner and outer sides of the rails to crush the ballast on the inner and outer sides of the rails.

[0054] Please continue to refer to Figure 1 The rotating structure 200 includes a first rotating shaft, which is installed transversely; the crushing structure rotates around the axis of the first rotating shaft.

[0055] by Figure 1 The first rotation axis is installed horizontally. Figure 2 In the process of the crushing structure rotating around the axis of the first rotating shaft, the crushing structure as a whole moves in an arc, rising and falling relative to the horizontal plane. The crushing structure is lifted up, and the crushing structure rotates upward around the axis of the first rotating shaft to be away from the ground ballast, and the walking structure 100 is moved along the rail to the ballast to be crushed, and the crushing structure is lowered, and the crushing structure rotates downward around the axis of the first rotating shaft to be close to the ground ballast to crush and tamp the ballast.

[0056] Please refer again Figure 1 The rotating structure 200 also includes a second rotating shaft, which is vertically installed; the crushing structure rotates around the axis of the second rotating shaft.

[0057] by Figure 1The relative position in the second rotation axis is introduced, and the second rotation axis is installed vertically. Figure 1 In the embodiment, the second rotating shaft and the mounting shaft are coaxially arranged, and the axis of the second rotating shaft coincides with the axis of the mounting shaft. The crushing structure can rotate around the second rotating shaft, that is, the crushing structure can rotate around the mounting shaft or the second rotating shaft in the horizontal plane. The mounting shaft can realize 360° rotation of the crushing structure in the horizontal plane. Due to the limitation of the setting position of the second rotating shaft, the crushing structure can rotate around the second rotating shaft at a limited angle.

[0058] Please refer again Figure 1 In this embodiment, the rotating structure 200 is a cross universal joint, and the first rotating axis and the second rotating axis are perpendicular; the cross universal joint includes a first yoke and a second yoke; the first yoke is fixed on the mounting shaft, and the two ends of the first rotating axis are respectively rotatably connected to the two ends of the first yoke; the second yoke is located on the inner side of the first yoke, and the two ends of the second yoke are respectively rotatably connected to the two ends of the second rotating axis.

[0059] Specifically, the first fork and the second fork are both in a semicircular arc shape. Figure 1 The relative positions in the embodiment are introduced as follows: the first yoke opens upward, the bottom of the first yoke is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting shaft, the first rotating shaft is located between the two ends of the first yoke, and the two ends of the first rotating shaft are respectively rotatably connected to the two ends of the first yoke. The second rotating shaft is also located in the first yoke, the second yoke opens to the left, and the two ends of the second yoke are respectively rotatably connected to the two ends of the second rotating shaft. The second yoke can rotate around the axis of the second rotating shaft, and can also rotate around the axis of the first rotating shaft.

[0060] Please refer to Figure 3 The ballast bed crushing equipment 10 also includes a first fixing ring 700 and a second fixing ring 800. The first fixing ring 700 is fixed on the walking structure 100, and the second fixing ring 800 is detachably fixed to the top of the first fixing ring 700 to form a space for limiting the limit block 210 between the inner side of the first fixing ring 700 and the bottom of the second fixing ring 800. The limit block 210 can rotate around the axis of the mounting shaft in the space, and the bottom end of the mounting shaft is fixed on the limit block 210. The first fixing ring 700 and the second fixing ring 800 are detachably connected, and the second fixing ring 800 is used to stop the limit block 210 to prevent the limit block 210 from detaching from the first fixing ring 700. The first yoke, the mounting shaft and the limit block 210 can all rotate around the axis of the mounting shaft. Figure 3 The relative positions in the figure are introduced, the first fixing ring 700 and the second fixing ring 800 are arranged in sequence from bottom to top, and the limit block 210 and the installation shaft are arranged in sequence from bottom to top.

[0061] The first yoke is fixed by a limiting bolt during the process of rotating around the installation axis. In this embodiment, a limiting screw hole is provided on the side of the first fixing ring 700, and the limiting bolt thread is provided in the limiting screw hole. After the rotating structure 200 rotates to the position to be crushed, the limiting bolt is rotated so that the end of the limiting bolt abuts against the limiting block 210 to fix the first yoke. Specifically, the limiting block 210 is a quadrilateral block, and the ends of the limiting bolt abut against the four side walls of the limiting block 210 respectively to fix the first yoke at different positions.

[0062] Please refer again Figure 1 In this embodiment, the ballast bed crushing equipment 10 further includes an adjustment frame 300 connected to the rotating structure 200 ; the crushing structure is slidably disposed on the adjustment frame 300 to move closer to and away from the walking structure 100 .

[0063] The rotating structure 200 can rotate around the axis of the installation shaft, and the adjusting frame 300 and the crushing structure can also rotate around the axis of the installation shaft. After the crushing structure rotates around the axis of the installation shaft, the crushing structure can move on the adjusting frame 300 to approach and move away from the walking structure 100, crushing the ballast at different distances from both sides of the rail, expanding the crushing range and improving the processing efficiency.

[0064] Continue to refer to Figure 1 In this embodiment, the adjustment frame 300 includes a limit rod 310, a guide rod 320 and a handrail rod 330 connected in sequence, the guide rod 320 is connected between the limit rod 310 and the handrail rod 330, the limit rod 310 is connected to the rotating structure 200, and the crushing structure is slidably disposed on the guide rod 320.

[0065] by Figure 1 310, the guide rod 320 and the handrail rod 330 are arranged in sequence from left to right, the limit rod 310 is arranged vertically, the guide rod 320 is arranged horizontally, the handrail rod 330 is arranged vertically, the left end of the guide rod 320 is connected to the limit rod 310, and the right end of the guide rod 320 is connected to the handrail rod 330. The limit rod 310, the guide rod 320 and the handrail rod 330 form a structure approximately in the shape of a "U". The limit rod 310 is fixed to the side of the second fork away from the opening. The crushing structure moves back and forth along the guide rod 320, and after the adjustment frame 300 rotates around the installation axis to the right position, it moves away from and approaches the walking structure 100. The limit rod 310 can isolate the walking structure 100 and the crushing structure to prevent the crushing structure from touching the walking structure 100 during the movement along the guide rod 320. The handrail rod 330 can stop the crushing structure, and when the crushing structure moves along the guide rod 320 away from the walking structure 100, the crushing structure can be prevented from sliding out of the guide rod 320.

[0066] Please refer again Figure 1In this embodiment, the crushing structure includes a power group 400 and a stepped drill bit 500 disposed below the power group 400. The stepped drill bit 500 rotates at high speed, and the crushing range is from small to large, from shallow to deep, which is easy to achieve and is suitable for crushing operations of different degrees of compacted ballast.

[0067] In this embodiment, the power group 400 adopts a gasoline motor group, which can slide and position on the guide rod, and can realize lateral movement operation perpendicular to the track, so that the crushing structure can be adjusted to the position to be crushed.

[0068] Continue to refer to Figure 1 In this embodiment, the crushing structure further includes a protective cover (not shown); the protective cover is arranged on the outer periphery of the step drill bit 500. The protective cover is designed to prevent the ballast fragments after the high-speed rotating drill bit is crushed from splashing and causing personal injury.

[0069] Please refer to Figure 1 , combined with Figure 3 In this embodiment, the walking structure 100 includes a walking frame, a fixed roller 110, a movable roller 120, a fixed limiting wheel 130 and a movable limiting wheel 140; the fixed roller 110 and the fixed limiting wheel 130 are fixed on one side of the walking frame, and the movable roller 120 and the movable limiting wheel 140 can be slidably arranged on the other side of the walking frame, the fixed roller 110 and the movable roller 120 are jointly rollingly matched with the top of the upper edge of the rail, and the fixed limiting wheel 130 and the movable limiting wheel 140 are jointly against the bottom of the upper edge of the rail.

[0070] The rail includes an upper edge and a lower edge, and the walking structure 100 is slidably matched with the upper edge. The distance between the moving roller 120 and the fixed roller 110 is adjustable, so that the spacing between the moving roller 120 and the fixed roller 110 can be adjusted according to the width of the upper edge, so that the moving roller 120 and the fixed roller 110 can better match the upper edge. The distance between the moving limiting wheel 140 and the fixed limiting wheel 130 is adjustable. When the distance increases, the moving limiting wheel 140 and the fixed limiting wheel 130 are clamped on both sides of the rail. When the distance decreases, the moving limiting wheel 140 and the fixed limiting wheel 130 are pressed against the bottom of the upper edge, so that the walking structure 100 is more compatible with the rail.

[0071] The ballast bed crushing device 10 provided in this embodiment has at least the following advantages:

[0072] The crushing structure can rotate 360° around the installation axis, so as to realize the crushing operation of the ballast inside and outside the rail and the running operation parallel to the track. The crushing structure can rotate around the first rotation axis to realize the rise and fall of the crushing structure, so that the crushing structure is in an ideal position, effectively crushing the hardened ballast bed between the rails and the outer line, and preventing the crushing structure from colliding with the ballast during the movement of the running structure 100.

[0073] The walking structure 100 is attached to the rail. When in working state, the movable limiting wheel 140 and the fixed limiting wheel 130 clamp the rail, providing a fulcrum during the operation of the crushing equipment and reducing the workload of the operator. At the same time, when in the walking state, the rollers of the clamping mechanism can move along the rail without manual handling.

[0074] The crushing effect is significantly improved. The high-speed rotating stepped drill bit 500 can easily crush the ballast bed from small to large and from shallow to deep. It is suitable for crushing ballast beds of different degrees. When the internal combustion tamping machine is working, it is difficult for the tamping head to form a large concentrated destructive force by manual force alone, and it cannot effectively crush the severely compacted ballast bed, thus reducing work efficiency.

[0075] It is safe to use and easy to maintain. The protective cover can prevent the ballast fragments from splashing after being broken by the high-speed rotating drill bit, causing personal injury.

[0076] Each component is designed to be easy to load and unload. If a component fails, it can be easily replaced with a spare component to continue working.

[0077] Simple structure, flexible operation, easy to carry, greatly reducing the labor of operators. Light weight, single-person operation.

[0078] In summary, the ballast bed crushing device 10 provided in this embodiment has the characteristics of reasonable structure, flexible assembly and disassembly, light weight, flexible and labor-saving operation, good safety in use, etc. While effectively crushing the compacted ballast bed, it takes humanized design into consideration, and is an effective device for crushing operations in areas where turnout lines or large road maintenance machinery cannot reach.

[0079] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A ballast bed crushing device, characterized in that: include: A walking structure, the walking structure is used for sliding cooperation with the rail; A crushing structure and a rotating structure, wherein the crushing structure is mounted on the traveling structure via the rotating structure so that the crushing structure can rotate relative to the traveling structure, thereby crushing the ballast on both sides of the rail; The ballast bed crushing device includes a mounting shaft; The rotating structure is rotatably arranged on the traveling structure through the mounting shaft, the mounting shaft is vertically mounted, and the crushing structure rotates around the axis of the mounting shaft to move around the periphery of the traveling structure, so as to be located on the inner side and the outer side of the rail, and crush the ballast on the inner side and the outer side of the rail; The rotating structure comprises a first rotating shaft, which is installed transversely; The crushing structure rotates around the axis of the first rotating shaft. During the rotation around the axis of the first rotating shaft, the crushing structure moves in an arc as a whole, rising and falling relative to the horizontal plane. The crushing structure is lifted up, and the crushing structure rotates upward around the axis of the first rotating shaft to be away from the ground ballast. The walking structure is moved along the rail to the ballast to be crushed. The crushing structure is lowered, and the crushing structure rotates downward around the axis of the first rotating shaft to be close to the ground ballast to crush and tamp the ballast. The rotating structure further comprises a second rotating shaft, which is vertically mounted; The crushing structure rotates around the axis of the second rotating shaft; The rotating structure is a cross universal joint, and the first rotating axis is perpendicular to the second rotating axis; The cross universal joint includes a first yoke and a second yoke; the first yoke is fixed to the mounting shaft, and the two ends of the first rotating shaft are respectively rotatably connected to the two ends of the first yoke; the second yoke is located on the inner side of the first yoke, and the two ends of the second yoke are respectively rotatably connected to the two ends of the second rotating shaft; The walking structure includes a walking frame, a fixed roller, a movable roller, a fixed limiting wheel and a movable limiting wheel; The fixed roller and the fixed limiting wheel are fixed on one side of the traveling frame, and the movable roller and the movable limiting wheel can be slidably arranged on the other side of the traveling frame. The fixed roller and the movable roller jointly roll with the top of the upper edge of the rail, and the fixed limiting wheel and the movable limiting wheel jointly resist the bottom of the upper edge of the rail.

2. The ballast bed crushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ballast bed crushing equipment also includes an adjustment frame connected to the rotating structure; The crushing structure is slidably arranged on the adjusting frame to be close to and away from the walking structure.

3. The ballast bed crushing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustment frame comprises a limiting rod, a guide rod and a handrail rod which are connected in sequence, the guide rod is connected between the limiting rod and the handrail rod, the limiting rod is connected to the rotating structure, and the crushing structure is slidably arranged on the guide rod.

4. The ballast bed crushing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The crushing structure comprises a power group and a stepped drill bit arranged below the power group.

5. The ballast bed crushing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The crushing structure also includes a protective cover; The protective cover is arranged on the outer periphery of the step drill bit.

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