Safety monitoring device and method for construction of deep foundation pit adjacent to railway

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of safety monitoring of deep foundation pit construction adjacent to railways, and particularly discloses a safety monitoring device and method for deep foundation pit construction adjacent to railways. The system comprises a supporting structure safety analysis module, a settlement risk analysis module, a train passing construction safety evaluation module, a geological level risk evaluation module, a displacement level risk evaluation module, a database and a construction process construction safety evaluation module. Whether the construction of the deep foundation pit is safe or not is analyzed from the two levels of the safety change condition of the deep foundation pit when a train passes and the safety change condition of the deep foundation pit in the long-term construction process, that is, the deep foundation pit risk is automatically monitored from the four levels of the foundation pit supporting structure, the rail settlement risk, the foundation pit geology and the foundation pit displacement; the method avoids neglecting the instant safety risk, helps to evaluate the instant influence on railway facilities, and can grasp the overall safety trend, thereby helping to adjust the construction strategy and maintenance measures in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of safety monitoring of deep foundation pit construction adjacent to railways, and relates to a device and method for safety monitoring of deep foundation pit construction adjacent to railways. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, more and more infrastructure construction projects are being carried out around railways, among which the number of deep foundation pit projects adjacent to railways is increasing. Due to the particularity of railway transportation, the smoothness and stability of the track are extremely high. The deformation of soil displacement, settlement, etc. generated during the construction of deep foundation pits may have a serious impact on railway tracks, roadbeds and other railway facilities, and even endanger the safety of train driving. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop a safety monitoring method specifically for deep foundation pit construction adjacent to railways.

[0003] For example, the Chinese patent publication number CN113802622A discloses a method for monitoring the safety of deep foundation pit construction near railways, including: using a measuring robot, a level, a benchmark, an observation point, an electric water level gauge, a vibrating string anchor dynamometer, a vibrating string frequency reader, a building deformation analysis system software and a control measurement adjustment software, an inclinometer and an inclinometer, video monitoring and a smart construction site platform, etc., to monitor the horizontal displacement and settlement of the top of the soil nail wall slope, the displacement of the top of the supporting piles, the groundwater level, the stress of the anchor cable and the anchor rod, the deep displacement monitoring of the pile body, and the safety video monitoring of the foundation pit. It introduces an intelligent system to conduct all-round monitoring of the foundation pit, and is safe, reliable, accurate and practical.

[0004] For example, the Chinese patent publication number CN112459136A discloses a method, device, equipment and medium for monitoring the safety risks of deep foundation pit construction, including: collecting the actual strain value of the pile body of the target deep foundation pit. According to the actual strain value of the pile body and the preset equivalent underground continuous wall model, the optimal soil layer parameter value of the target deep foundation pit is obtained. The equivalent underground continuous wall model after obtaining the optimal soil layer parameter value is used as the equivalent underground continuous wall correction model to simulate the foundation pit excavation construction, obtain the change value of the foundation pit monitoring parameter, and compare the change value of the foundation pit monitoring parameter with the preset alarm threshold, and visualize the comparison result in the preset target deep foundation pit BIM model, so as to monitor the safety risks of deep foundation pit construction. The present invention can effectively monitor the changes in the deep foundation pit structure during the deep foundation pit construction process and improve the risk management capability of the deep foundation pit.

[0005] The above existing technologies still have the following problems: 1. The method of conducting risk analysis based on manual survey results is not only time-consuming, but also the survey process is relatively cumbersome and has a large error rate, which cannot ensure the rationality and reliability of the risk analysis results. The periodic monitoring method cannot ensure the timeliness and real-time nature of deep foundation pit risk management, thereby reducing the efficiency of abnormal risk management and increasing project costs.

[0006] 2. The safety of deep foundation pit construction was not analyzed from two aspects: the safety changes of deep foundation pits when trains pass by and the safety changes of deep foundation pits during long-term construction. Immediate safety risks were ignored, and the immediate impact on railway facilities could not be assessed. At the same time, the overall safety trend could not be grasped, making it difficult to adjust construction strategies and maintenance measures in a timely manner.

[0007] 3. The risk analysis is only conducted based on the superficial information of the deep foundation pit, and a comprehensive deep foundation pit construction risk analysis is not conducted in combination with the dynamic laws of the deep foundation pit. This results in insufficient analysis depth and can only judge the current risk situation of the deep foundation pit, but cannot predict the possibility of deep foundation pit risks. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of this, in order to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, a device and method for monitoring the safety of deep foundation pit construction near railways are proposed.

[0009] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: The first aspect of the present invention provides a safety monitoring device for deep foundation pit construction near railways, including: a support structure safety analysis module, which is used to monitor the support status of the target deep foundation pit when each train passes by, collect images of each support column in the target deep foundation pit when each train passes by, and analyze the safety factor of the support structure of the target deep foundation pit when each train passes by.

[0010] The settlement risk analysis module is used to arrange settlement monitoring points on the adjacent railway tracks of the target deep foundation pit, collect the settlement amount of each settlement monitoring point on the adjacent railway tracks when each train passes by, and analyze the settlement risk index of the adjacent railway tracks when each train passes by.

[0011] The train passing construction safety assessment module is used to assess whether the construction of the target deep foundation pit is safe when the train passes by. If it is unsafe, a safety warning is initiated and feedback is provided.

[0012] The geological level risk assessment module is used to collect soil parameter information and groundwater level in the area where the target deep foundation pit is located during each monitoring time period, and analyze the risk assessment coefficient of the corresponding geological level during the construction process of the target deep foundation pit.

[0013] The displacement level risk assessment module is used to monitor the displacement change status of the target deep foundation pit, collect the horizontal displacement and vertical displacement of the target deep foundation pit in each monitoring time period, and analyze the risk assessment coefficient of the corresponding displacement level during the construction process of the target deep foundation pit.

[0014] The database is used to store the standard profiles of support columns, the safe settlement determined by the railway track type, and the permitted horizontal displacement set for a single monitoring period in deep foundation pit construction safety.

[0015] The construction process safety assessment module is used to assess whether the construction of the target deep foundation pit is safe during the construction process. If it is not safe, a safety warning is initiated and feedback is provided.

[0016] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for monitoring the safety of deep foundation pit construction adjacent to railways, comprising: S1, support structure safety analysis: monitoring the support status of the target deep foundation pit when each train passes by, collecting images of each support column in the target deep foundation pit when each train passes by, and analyzing the safety factor of the support structure of the target deep foundation pit when each train passes by.

[0017] S2. Settlement risk analysis: Set up settlement monitoring points on the adjacent railway tracks of the target deep foundation pit, collect the settlement amount of each settlement monitoring point on the adjacent railway tracks when each train passes by, and analyze the settlement risk index of the adjacent railway tracks when each train passes by.

[0018] S3. Safety assessment of construction when trains pass by: Assess whether the construction of the target deep foundation pit is safe when trains pass by. If it is unsafe, initiate a safety warning and provide feedback.

[0019] S4. Geological risk assessment: Collect soil parameter information and groundwater level in the area where the target deep foundation pit is located during each monitoring period, and analyze the risk assessment coefficient of the corresponding geological level during the construction of the target deep foundation pit.

[0020] S5. Risk assessment at the displacement level: monitor the displacement change status of the target deep foundation pit, collect the horizontal displacement and vertical displacement of the target deep foundation pit in each monitoring time period, and analyze the risk assessment coefficient of the target deep foundation pit at the corresponding displacement level during the construction process.

[0021] S6. Construction safety assessment during the construction process: Assess whether the construction of the target deep foundation pit is safe during the construction process. If it is not safe, initiate a safety warning and provide feedback.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages or beneficial effects: (1) The present invention automatically monitors deep foundation pit risks at four levels: foundation pit support structure, track settlement risk, foundation pit geology, and foundation pit displacement, intuitively displays the risk situation of the target deep foundation pit, and effectively solves the problems of long period of time and cumbersome survey process in the periodic survey risk analysis method of risk supervisors, reduces the error of risk monitoring and evaluation, ensures the rationality, accuracy and reliability of risk analysis results, and also ensures the safety of subsequent construction project operation.

[0023] (2) The present invention analyzes whether the construction of deep foundation pits is safe from two aspects: the safety changes of deep foundation pits when trains pass by and the safety changes of deep foundation pits during long-term construction. This avoids ignoring immediate safety risks and helps evaluate the immediate impact on railway facilities. At the same time, it can grasp the overall safety trend, thereby helping to adjust construction strategies and maintenance measures in a timely manner.

[0024] (3) The present invention calculates the deformation and verticality of each supporting column when each train passes, comprehensively analyzes the dynamic changes of the supporting structure when the train passes, promptly discovers the hidden dangers of structural deformation, helps evaluate the impact of verticality changes on stability, helps optimize the design and construction process of the supporting structure, effectively ensures the safety of railway operations, and reduces long-term damage to railway facilities.

[0025] (4) The present invention realizes multi-dimensional analysis by conducting safety analysis of deep foundation pits during long-term construction according to soil state compliance, groundwater level changes, horizontal displacement of deep foundation pits, and vertical displacement of deep foundation pits, thereby ensuring the credibility of safety analysis results of deep foundation pits during long-term construction and improving the coverage of analysis. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system structure connection of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the method steps of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a flow chart for judging the construction safety of a deep foundation pit when a train passes by. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] See also Figure 1 As shown, the first aspect of the present invention provides a safety monitoring device for deep foundation pit construction adjacent to a railway, comprising: a support structure safety analysis module, a settlement risk analysis module, a train passing construction safety assessment module, a geological level risk assessment module, a displacement level risk assessment module, a database and a construction process construction safety assessment module.

[0032] The support structure safety analysis module and the settlement risk analysis module are both connected to the train passing construction safety assessment module, the geological level risk assessment module and the displacement level risk assessment module are both connected to the construction process construction safety assessment module, and the support structure safety analysis module, the settlement risk analysis module and the displacement level risk assessment module are all connected to the database.

[0033] The support structure safety analysis module is used to monitor the support status of the target deep foundation pit when each train passes by, collect images of each support column in the target deep foundation pit when each train passes by, and analyze the safety factor of the support structure of the target deep foundation pit when each train passes by.

[0034] It should be noted that the images of each support column in the target deep foundation pit when each train passes by are collected by a high-definition camera installed near each support column.

[0035] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the specific process of analyzing the safety factor of the support structure of the target deep foundation pit when each train passes by is as follows: A1. The contour of each support column is located from the image of each support column in the target deep foundation pit when each train passes by, and the contour of each support column is overlapped and compared with the standard contour of the support column stored in the database to obtain the contour overlap area of ​​each support column in the target deep foundation pit when each train passes by, and recorded as ,in, Indicates the number of the support column. , Indicates the number of each train passing by. .

[0036] A2. Calculate the deformation of each support column when each train passes by .

[0037] It should be noted that the specific process of calculating the deformation degree of each support column when each train passes is: locating the standard contour area of ​​the support column from the standard contour of the support column stored in the database and recording it as .

[0038] Calculate the deformation of each support column when each train passes by , ,in, Indicates the outline overlap area ratio of the setting reference.

[0039] A3. Locate the center point of each support column from the image of each support column in the target deep foundation pit when each train passes by, construct the center line with the support direction of the support column as the reference direction, obtain the angle between the center line of each support column and the supported plane of each support column, and record it as the installation deflection angle. Thus, the installation deflection angle of each support column when each train passes by is obtained and recorded as .

[0040] A4. Calculate the verticality of each support column when each train passes by , ,in, Indicates the installation deflection angle of the set reference.

[0041] It should be noted that the reference installation angle is set as stipulated by the industry standard for deep foundation pit construction safety.

[0042] A5. Calculate the safety factor of the support structure of the target deep foundation pit when each train passes by , ,in, and They represent the weights of the safety assessment of the supporting structure corresponding to the set deformation degree and verticality, , Indicates the number of supporting columns.

[0043] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, The setting value of is 0.5. The setting value is 0.5. When calculating the safety factor of the support structure of the target deep foundation pit when each train passes by, both deformation and verticality are very important. It is difficult to simply judge which one is more important. They reflect the safety status of the support structure from different angles.

[0044] The embodiment of the present invention calculates the deformation and verticality of each supporting column when each train passes, comprehensively analyzes the dynamic changes of the supporting structure when the train passes, promptly discovers the hidden dangers of structural deformation, helps evaluate the impact of verticality changes on stability, helps optimize the design and construction process of the supporting structure, effectively ensures the safety of railway operations, and reduces long-term damage to railway facilities.

[0045] The settlement risk analysis module is used to arrange settlement monitoring points on the adjacent railway tracks of the target deep foundation pit, collect the settlement amount of each settlement monitoring point on the adjacent railway tracks when each train passes by, and analyze the settlement risk index of the adjacent railway tracks when each train passes by.

[0046] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the adjacent railway track of the target deep foundation pit refers to the railway track within the area for ensuring railway operation safety delineated in accordance with relevant laws, regulations and standards during the construction of the target deep foundation pit. For example, in urban areas, the adjacent railway track of the target deep foundation pit is the adjacent railway track 10 meters outward from the edge of the target deep foundation pit; in suburban residential areas, the adjacent railway track of the target deep foundation pit is the adjacent railway track 12 meters outward from the edge of the target deep foundation pit; in village and town residential areas, the adjacent railway track of the target deep foundation pit is the adjacent railway track 15 meters outward from the edge of the target deep foundation pit; in other areas, the adjacent railway track of the target deep foundation pit is the adjacent railway track 20 meters outward from the edge of the target deep foundation pit.

[0047] It should be noted that the method for collecting the settlement amount of each settlement monitoring point of the adjacent railway track when each train passes is as follows: the high-precision level works based on the principle of leveling measurement. It determines the height difference between two points by establishing a horizontal line of sight and reading the readings on the level rod. When measuring the settlement, the level is placed in a stable position, and a level rod is erected at the benchmark point and settlement monitoring point with known elevation. By reading the readings of the level rods at the benchmark point and the monitoring point, the height difference change of the monitoring point relative to the benchmark point can be calculated according to the height difference calculation formula (height difference = rearsight reading - foresight reading), thereby obtaining the settlement.

[0048] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the specific process of analyzing the settlement risk index of the adjacent railway track when each train passes is as follows: B1, comparing the settlement amount of each settlement monitoring point of the adjacent railway track when each train passes with the safe settlement amount determined by the railway track type stored in the database; if the settlement amount of a settlement monitoring point of the adjacent railway track when a certain train passes is greater than the safe settlement amount determined by the railway track type, then the settlement monitoring point is recorded as an abnormal monitoring point, and the number of abnormal monitoring points of the adjacent railway track when each train passes is counted, recorded as .

[0049] B2. Calculate the settlement risk index of the adjacent railway track when each train passes by , ,in, Indicates the number of abnormal monitoring points set as reference.

[0050] The train passing construction safety assessment module is used to assess whether the construction of the target deep foundation pit is safe when the train passes by. If it is not safe, a safety warning is initiated and feedback is given.

[0051] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the specific process of evaluating whether the construction of the target deep foundation pit is safe when the train passes by is as follows: C1. Calculating the construction safety index of the target deep foundation pit when the train passes by .

[0052] It should be noted that the formula for calculating the construction safety index of the target deep foundation pit when the train passes by is: ,in, and They represent the weights of the construction safety assessment when the train passes by, respectively, of the safety factor of the support structure and the settlement risk index. , Indicates the number of times a train passes by.

[0053] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, The setting value of is 0.5. The set value is 0.5. When calculating the construction safety index of the target deep foundation pit when the train passes, the safety factor of the support structure and the settlement risk index are both extremely important. It is difficult to simply determine which one is more important, and they both play a key role.

[0054] See also Figure 3 As shown, C2, the construction safety index of the target deep foundation pit when the train passes by is compared with the construction safety index of the set reference train when the train passes by. If the construction safety index of the target deep foundation pit when the train passes by is greater than or equal to the construction safety index of the set reference train when the train passes by, it indicates that the construction of the target deep foundation pit when the train passes by is safe; otherwise, it indicates that the construction of the target deep foundation pit when the train passes by is unsafe.

[0055] The geological level risk assessment module is used to collect soil parameter information and groundwater level in the area where the target deep foundation pit is located during each monitoring time period, and analyze the risk assessment coefficient of the geological level corresponding to the target deep foundation pit during the construction process.

[0056] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the soil parameter information includes soil pH value, porosity and humidity corresponding to each soil monitoring sub-area.

[0057] It should be noted that the soil pH value, porosity and humidity corresponding to each soil monitoring sub-area are collected by a soil monitoring instrument installed in each soil monitoring sub-area, and the groundwater level is collected by a water level meter installed.

[0058] It should be noted that the soil monitoring sub-areas are divided as follows: the target deep foundation pit is externally expanded according to the set expansion distance to obtain the external expansion area, and the external expansion area is equally divided into the soil monitoring sub-areas.

[0059] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the specific process of analyzing the risk assessment coefficient of the corresponding geological level of the target deep foundation pit during the construction process is as follows: D1, extracting the soil pH value, porosity and humidity corresponding to each soil monitoring sub-area from the soil parameter information of the area where the target deep foundation pit is located in each monitoring time period, and calculating the soil state compliance coefficient of the target deep foundation pit during the construction process. .

[0060] It should be noted that the specific process of calculating the soil state compliance coefficient of the target deep foundation pit during the construction process is: the soil pH value, porosity and humidity corresponding to each soil monitoring sub-area in the area where the target deep foundation pit is located in each monitoring time period are recorded as and ,in, Indicates the number of the monitoring time period. , Indicates the number of the soil monitoring sub-area, .

[0061] Calculate the soil state compliance coefficient of the target deep foundation pit during construction , ,in, and Respectively represent the soil pH value, porosity and moisture of the set reference, and They represent the soil pH deviation, porosity deviation and moisture deviation of the set reference respectively. Indicates the number of monitoring time periods. Indicates the number of soil monitoring sub-areas.

[0062] D2. Extract the highest and lowest water levels from the groundwater level in the target deep foundation pit in each monitoring period, and record them as and , and extract the monitoring time periods corresponding to the highest and lowest water levels, and then obtain the monitoring intervals corresponding to the highest and lowest water levels, recorded as .

[0063] D3. Calculate the groundwater level change rate of the target deep foundation pit during construction , .

[0064] D4. Calculate the risk assessment coefficient of the target deep foundation pit at the corresponding geological level during the construction process , ,in, and They represent the risk assessment weights of the geological level corresponding to the set soil state compliance coefficient and groundwater level change rate, respectively. .

[0065] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, The setting value of is 0.5. The set value is 0.5. When calculating the risk assessment coefficient of the corresponding geological level during the construction of the target deep foundation pit, the soil state compliance coefficient and the groundwater level change rate are both extremely important. It is difficult to simply determine which one is more important. They play a key role in different geological conditions and construction stages.

[0066] The displacement level risk assessment module is used to monitor the displacement change status of the target deep foundation pit, collect the horizontal displacement and vertical displacement of the target deep foundation pit in each monitoring time period, and analyze the risk assessment coefficient of the corresponding displacement level during the construction process of the target deep foundation pit.

[0067] It should be noted that the horizontal displacement and the vertical displacement are respectively monitored by displacement sensors arranged in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the target deep foundation pit.

[0068] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the specific process of analyzing the risk assessment coefficient of the corresponding displacement level of the target deep foundation pit during the construction process is as follows: E1, taking the monitoring time period as the horizontal coordinate and the horizontal displacement as the vertical coordinate, constructing a horizontal displacement change curve of the target deep foundation pit, and locating the slope value from the curve as the horizontal displacement change rate of the target deep foundation pit, marking it as .

[0069] E2. According to the analysis method of the horizontal displacement change rate of the target deep foundation pit, the vertical displacement change rate of the target deep foundation pit is analyzed in the same way, which is recorded as .

[0070] E3. Calculate the risk assessment coefficient of the target deep foundation pit at the corresponding displacement level during the construction process , ,in, and They represent the displacement change rate correction factors corresponding to the horizontal displacement and the vertical displacement, and They respectively represent the displacement change rates corresponding to the horizontal displacement and vertical displacement of the set reference.

[0071] It should be noted that the displacement change rates corresponding to the horizontal displacement and vertical displacement of the set reference are specified in the industry standards for deep foundation pit construction safety.

[0072] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the displacement change rate correction factors corresponding to the horizontal displacement and the vertical displacement are set in the same way, wherein the setting process of the displacement change rate correction factor corresponding to the horizontal displacement is as follows: F1. Subtract the horizontal displacement of the target deep foundation pit in each monitoring time period from the horizontal displacement allowed for a single monitoring time period in the deep foundation pit construction safety stored in the database to obtain the horizontal displacement deviation of the target deep foundation pit in each monitoring time period.

[0073] F2. Count the number of monitoring time periods in which the horizontal displacement deviation of the target deep foundation pit is not 0, and record it as the number of deviation time periods of the target deep foundation pit, recorded as .

[0074] F3. Extract the maximum horizontal displacement deviation and the minimum horizontal displacement deviation from the horizontal displacement deviations corresponding to the target deep foundation pit in each monitoring time period, and record them as and .

[0075] F4. Calculate the displacement change rate correction factor corresponding to the horizontal displacement , ,in, and They represent the number of deviation time periods and the extreme value of horizontal displacement deviation for setting reference respectively. Represents a natural constant.

[0076] The database is used to store the standard profile of the support column, the safe settlement determined by the railway track type, and the permitted horizontal displacement set in a single monitoring time period in the deep foundation pit construction safety. The data sources in the database of this embodiment are shown in Table 1 below.

[0077] Table 1 Data sources in the database

[0078]

[0079] The construction process construction safety assessment module is used to assess whether the construction of the target deep foundation pit is safe during the construction process. If it is not safe, a safety warning is initiated and feedback is given.

[0080] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the specific process of evaluating whether the construction of the target deep foundation pit is safe during the construction process is as follows: G1. Calculating the construction safety index of the target deep foundation pit during the construction process .

[0081] It should be noted that the formula for calculating the construction safety index of the target deep foundation pit during the construction process is: ,in, and They represent the risk assessment coefficients of the set geological level and displacement level corresponding to the weight of the construction safety assessment in the construction process. .

[0082] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, The setting value of is 0.5. The set value is 0.5. When calculating the construction safety index during the construction of the target deep foundation pit, the risk assessment coefficients at the geological level and the displacement level are very important. They play a key role in different stages and aspects, and it is difficult to simply determine which one is more important.

[0083] The embodiment of the present invention realizes multi-dimensional analysis by conducting safety analysis of deep foundation pits during long-term construction according to soil state compliance, groundwater level changes, horizontal displacement of deep foundation pits, and vertical displacement of deep foundation pits, thereby ensuring the credibility of safety analysis results of deep foundation pits during long-term construction and improving the coverage of the analysis.

[0084] G2. Compare the construction safety index of the target deep foundation pit during the construction process with the construction safety index of the set reference during the construction process. If the construction safety index of the target deep foundation pit during the construction process is greater than or equal to the construction safety index of the set reference during the construction process, it indicates that the construction of the target deep foundation pit during the construction process is safe; otherwise, it indicates that the construction of the target deep foundation pit during the construction process is unsafe.

[0085] The embodiment of the present invention analyzes whether the construction of a deep foundation pit is safe from two aspects: the safety changes of the deep foundation pit when a train passes by and the safety changes of the deep foundation pit during the long-term construction process, thereby avoiding ignoring immediate safety risks and helping to evaluate the immediate impact on railway facilities. At the same time, it can grasp the overall safety trend, thereby helping to adjust construction strategies and maintenance measures in a timely manner.

[0086] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the second aspect of the present invention provides a method for monitoring the safety of deep foundation pit construction adjacent to railways, including: S1, support structure safety analysis: monitoring the support status of the target deep foundation pit when each train passes by, collecting images of each support column in the target deep foundation pit when each train passes by, and analyzing the safety factor of the support structure of the target deep foundation pit when each train passes by.

[0087] S2. Settlement risk analysis: Set up settlement monitoring points on the adjacent railway tracks of the target deep foundation pit, collect the settlement amount of each settlement monitoring point on the adjacent railway tracks when each train passes by, and analyze the settlement risk index of the adjacent railway tracks when each train passes by.

[0088] S3. Safety assessment of construction when trains pass by: Assess whether the construction of the target deep foundation pit is safe when trains pass by. If it is unsafe, initiate a safety warning and provide feedback.

[0089] S4. Geological risk assessment: Collect soil parameter information and groundwater level in the area where the target deep foundation pit is located during each monitoring period, and analyze the risk assessment coefficient of the corresponding geological level during the construction of the target deep foundation pit.

[0090] S5. Risk assessment at the displacement level: monitor the displacement change status of the target deep foundation pit, collect the horizontal displacement and vertical displacement of the target deep foundation pit in each monitoring time period, and analyze the risk assessment coefficient of the target deep foundation pit at the corresponding displacement level during the construction process.

[0091] S6. Construction safety assessment during the construction process: Assess whether the construction of the target deep foundation pit is safe during the construction process. If it is not safe, initiate a safety warning and provide feedback.

[0092] The embodiment of the present invention automatically monitors deep foundation pit risks at four levels: foundation pit support structure, track settlement risk, foundation pit geology, and foundation pit displacement. It intuitively displays the risk situation of the target deep foundation pit, effectively solves the problems of long period of time and cumbersome survey process in the periodic survey risk analysis method of risk supervisors, reduces the error of risk monitoring and evaluation, ensures the rationality, accuracy and reliability of risk analysis results, and also ensures the safety of subsequent construction project operation.

[0093] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the concept of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the present invention, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A safety monitoring device for deep foundation pit construction near railway, characterized in that: include: The support structure safety analysis module is used to monitor the support status of the target deep foundation pit when each train passes by, collect images of each support column in the target deep foundation pit when each train passes by, and analyze the safety factor of the support structure of the target deep foundation pit when each train passes by; The settlement risk analysis module is used to arrange settlement monitoring points on the adjacent railway tracks of the target deep foundation pit, collect the settlement amount of each settlement monitoring point of the adjacent railway tracks when each train passes by, and analyze the settlement risk index of the adjacent railway tracks when each train passes by; The adjacent railway track of the target deep foundation pit refers to the railway track within the area for ensuring railway operation safety demarcated in accordance with laws, regulations and standards during the construction of the target deep foundation pit; The train passing construction safety assessment module is used to assess whether the construction of the target deep foundation pit is safe when the train passes by. If it is not safe, a safety warning is initiated and feedback is given; The geological risk assessment module is used to collect soil parameter information and groundwater level in the area where the target deep foundation pit is located during each monitoring period, and analyze the risk assessment coefficient of the corresponding geological level during the construction process of the target deep foundation pit; The displacement level risk assessment module is used to monitor the displacement change status of the target deep foundation pit, collect the horizontal displacement and vertical displacement of the target deep foundation pit in each monitoring time period, and analyze the risk assessment coefficient of the target deep foundation pit corresponding to the displacement level during the construction process; Database for storing standard profiles of support columns, safe settlement determined by railway track types, and permitted horizontal displacements set for a single monitoring period in deep foundation pit construction safety; The construction process safety assessment module is used to assess whether the construction of the target deep foundation pit is safe during the construction process. If it is not safe, a safety warning is initiated and feedback is provided.

2. The device for monitoring the safety of deep foundation pit construction near railway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of analyzing the safety factor of the support structure of the target deep foundation pit when each train passes by is as follows: A1. Locate the contours of each support column in the target deep foundation pit from the images of each support column when each train passes by, and overlap and compare the contours of each support column with the standard contours of the support columns stored in the database to obtain the contour overlap area of ​​each support column in the target deep foundation pit when each train passes by, and record it as ,in, Indicates the number of the support column. , Indicates the number of each train passing by. ; A2. Calculate the deformation of each support column when each train passes by ; A3. Locate the center point of each support column from the image of each support column in the target deep foundation pit when each train passes by, construct the center line with the support direction of the support column as the reference direction, obtain the angle between the center line of each support column and the supported plane of each support column, and record it as the installation deflection angle. Thus, the installation deflection angle of each support column when each train passes by is obtained and recorded as ; A4. Calculate the verticality of each support column when each train passes by , ,in, Indicates the installation deflection angle of the setting reference; A5. Calculate the safety factor of the support structure of the target deep foundation pit when each train passes by , ,in, and They represent the weights of the safety assessment of the supporting structure corresponding to the set deformation degree and verticality, , Indicates the number of supporting columns.

3. The device for monitoring the safety of deep foundation pit construction near railway according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific process of analyzing the settlement risk index of the adjacent railway track when each train passes is as follows: B1. Compare the settlement amount of each settlement monitoring point of the adjacent railway track when each train passes by with the safe settlement amount determined by the railway track type stored in the database. If the settlement amount of a settlement monitoring point of the adjacent railway track when a certain train passes by is greater than the safe settlement amount determined by the railway track type, then the settlement monitoring point is recorded as an abnormal monitoring point. The number of abnormal monitoring points of the adjacent railway track when each train passes by is counted and recorded as ; B2. Calculate the settlement risk index of the adjacent railway track when each train passes by , ,in, Indicates the number of abnormal monitoring points set as reference.

4. The device for monitoring the safety of deep foundation pit construction near railway according to claim 3, characterized in that: The specific process of evaluating whether the construction of the target deep foundation pit is safe when a train passes by is as follows: C1. Calculate the construction safety index of the target deep foundation pit when the train passes by ; C2. Compare the construction safety index of the target deep foundation pit when the train passes with the construction safety index of the set reference train when the train passes. If the construction safety index of the target deep foundation pit when the train passes is greater than or equal to the construction safety index of the set reference train when the train passes, it indicates that the construction of the target deep foundation pit when the train passes is safe; otherwise, it indicates that the construction of the target deep foundation pit when the train passes is unsafe.

5. The device for monitoring the safety of deep foundation pit construction near railway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil parameter information includes soil pH value, porosity and humidity corresponding to each soil monitoring sub-area.

6. The device for monitoring the safety of deep foundation pit construction near railway according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific process of analyzing the risk assessment coefficient of the target deep foundation pit corresponding to the geological level during the construction process is as follows: D1. Extract the soil pH value, porosity and humidity corresponding to each soil monitoring sub-area from the soil parameter information of the target deep foundation pit in each monitoring time period, and calculate the soil state compliance coefficient of the target deep foundation pit during the construction process. ; D2. Extract the highest and lowest water levels from the groundwater level in the target deep foundation pit in each monitoring period, and record them as and , and extract the monitoring time periods corresponding to the highest and lowest water levels, and then obtain the monitoring intervals corresponding to the highest and lowest water levels, recorded as ; D3. Calculate the groundwater level change rate of the target deep foundation pit during construction , ; D4. Calculate the risk assessment coefficient of the target deep foundation pit at the corresponding geological level during the construction process , ,in, and They represent the risk assessment weights of the geological level corresponding to the set soil state compliance coefficient and groundwater level change rate, respectively. .

7. The device for monitoring the safety of deep foundation pit construction near railway according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific process of analyzing the risk assessment coefficient of the target deep foundation pit corresponding to the displacement level during the construction process is as follows: E1. Using the monitoring time period as the abscissa and the horizontal displacement as the ordinate, a horizontal displacement change curve of the target deep foundation pit is constructed, and the slope value is located from the curve as the horizontal displacement change rate of the target deep foundation pit, which is marked as ; E2. According to the analysis method of the horizontal displacement change rate of the target deep foundation pit, the vertical displacement change rate of the target deep foundation pit is analyzed in the same way, which is recorded as ; E3. Calculate the risk assessment coefficient of the target deep foundation pit at the corresponding displacement level during the construction process , ,in, and They represent the displacement change rate correction factors corresponding to the horizontal displacement and the vertical displacement, and They respectively represent the displacement change rates corresponding to the horizontal displacement and vertical displacement of the set reference.

8. The device for monitoring the safety of deep foundation pit construction near railway according to claim 7, characterized in that: The displacement change rate correction factors corresponding to the horizontal displacement and the vertical displacement are set in the same manner, wherein the setting process of the displacement change rate correction factor corresponding to the horizontal displacement is: F1. Subtract the horizontal displacement of the target deep foundation pit in each monitoring time period from the horizontal displacement allowed in a single monitoring time period in the deep foundation pit construction safety stored in the database to obtain the horizontal displacement deviation of the target deep foundation pit in each monitoring time period; F2. Count the number of monitoring time periods in which the horizontal displacement deviation of the target deep foundation pit is not 0, and record it as the number of deviation time periods of the target deep foundation pit, recorded as ; F3. Extract the maximum horizontal displacement deviation and the minimum horizontal displacement deviation from the horizontal displacement deviations corresponding to the target deep foundation pit in each monitoring time period, and record them as and ; F4. Calculate the displacement change rate correction factor corresponding to the horizontal displacement , ,in, and They represent the number of deviation time periods and the extreme value of horizontal displacement deviation for setting reference respectively. Represents a natural constant.

9. The device for monitoring the safety of deep foundation pit construction near railway according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific process of evaluating whether the construction of the target deep foundation pit is safe during the construction process is as follows: G1. Calculate the construction safety index of the target deep foundation pit during the construction process ; G2. Compare the construction safety index of the target deep foundation pit during the construction process with the construction safety index of the set reference during the construction process. If the construction safety index of the target deep foundation pit during the construction process is greater than or equal to the construction safety index of the set reference during the construction process, it indicates that the construction of the target deep foundation pit during the construction process is safe; otherwise, it indicates that the construction of the target deep foundation pit during the construction process is unsafe.

10. A method for monitoring the safety of deep foundation pit construction near a railway, characterized in that: include: S1. Support structure safety analysis: monitor the support status of the target deep foundation pit when each train passes by, collect images of each support column in the target deep foundation pit when each train passes by, and analyze the safety factor of the support structure of the target deep foundation pit when each train passes by; S2. Settlement risk analysis: Set up settlement monitoring points on the railway tracks adjacent to the target deep foundation pit, collect the settlement amount of each settlement monitoring point when each train passes by, and analyze the settlement risk index of the railway tracks adjacent to each train. S3. Safety assessment of construction when trains pass by: assess whether the construction of the target deep foundation pit is safe when trains pass by. If it is not safe, initiate safety warning and provide feedback; S4. Geological risk assessment: Collect soil parameter information and groundwater level in the area where the target deep foundation pit is located during each monitoring period, and analyze the risk assessment coefficient of the target deep foundation pit corresponding to the geological level during the construction process; S5. Risk assessment at the displacement level: monitor the displacement change status of the target deep foundation pit, collect the horizontal displacement and vertical displacement of the target deep foundation pit in each monitoring time period, and analyze the risk assessment coefficient of the target deep foundation pit at the corresponding displacement level during the construction process; S6. Construction safety assessment during the construction process: Assess whether the construction of the target deep foundation pit is safe during the construction process. If it is not safe, initiate a safety warning and provide feedback.

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