A dual-function locking device with liquid lock and hand lock

Abstract

The present invention discloses a dual-function locking device of a liquid lock and a manual lock, which is installed on the main hydraulic cylinder cover of a gate blowout preventer, and drives the dual-function locking device of the liquid lock and the manual lock to lock and unlock the liquid lock piston rod in the gate blowout preventer through a hydraulic locking mechanism; and also locks the liquid lock piston rod in the gate blowout preventer through a manual locking mechanism. The present invention avoids the defect that a single "liquid lock" device is helpless when it fails due to long-term use or other unknown factors. At the same time, it solves the problem of high labor intensity and low efficiency of a single "hand lock" device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an oil well control device, in particular to a gate blowout preventer, and more particularly to a dual-function locking device of a liquid lock and a manual lock. After the gate blowout preventer uses hydraulic pressure to shut down the well, the dual-function locking device of the liquid lock and the manual lock automatically completes the gate locking action under the action of the hydraulic control oil pressure, and can also be manually locked after the liquid lock fails. It is a dual-safety locking device that adopts a redundant design concept. It is suitable for promotion and use on the oil drilling control equipment "hydraulic gate blowout preventer". Background Art

[0002] The locking device of the gate blowout preventer is an important device to ensure the reliable closing of the gate and the safety of well sealing. It is divided into a manual locking device and a hydraulic locking device.

[0003] Manual locking device: The locking shaft is rotated and locked by manually rotating the hand wheel to lock the gate; the structure is simple and the performance is stable and reliable. However, the operation is mainly completed manually, which is labor-intensive and inefficient; when there is harmful gas or liquid spraying in the well, the operation is difficult or impossible to complete the locking.

[0004] Hydraulic locking device: After the gate blowout preventer uses hydraulic pressure to shut down the well, it automatically completes the gate locking action under the action of hydraulic control oil pressure, with a high degree of automation. However, the hydraulic lock structure is complex, and once it fails, there is no emergency plan.

[0005] Currently, companies in the industry such as SHAFFER, CAMERON, and HYDRIL have all had various liquid lock device structures, but none of them can achieve manual locking emergency at the same time. Summary of the invention

[0006] Based on the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention proposes a dual-function locking device of a liquid lock and a hand lock for a gate blowout preventer. Compared with a single hand lock device, it improves the degree of automation; compared with a single liquid lock device, it has an emergency locking function, which improves the stability of the equipment. The dual-function locking device of the liquid lock and the hand lock includes both a liquid lock device and a hand lock device, which automatically completes the gate locking action under the action of the hydraulic control oil pressure. At the same time, the operator can prevent the existing liquid lock device from causing an accident due to locking failure by activating the manual locking device, thereby playing an auxiliary and backup locking role. The dual-function locking device of "liquid lock" and "hand lock" ensures the safety and reliability of oil extraction while improving the automation of the blowout preventer operation and preventing accidents.

[0007] The present invention provides a dual-function locking device of a gate blowout preventer with a hydraulic lock and a manual lock, which can realize the operation of hydraulically locking the gate and performing manual locking at the same time. While achieving the automation of the locking action of the gate blowout preventer, it has an emergency locking function of "manual locking".

[0008] In order to achieve the purpose of the above invention, the scheme adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A dual-function locking device of a liquid lock and a manual lock, characterized in that the dual-function locking device of the liquid lock and the manual lock is installed on the main hydraulic cylinder cover of the gate blowout preventer and locks and unlocks the liquid lock piston rod in the gate blowout preventer through a hydraulic locking mechanism; and also locks the liquid lock piston rod in the gate blowout preventer through a manual locking mechanism;

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dual-function locking device of liquid lock and hand lock comprises:

[0011] A hydraulic lock cylinder body having a first end seal in the axial direction and arranged on the main hydraulic cylinder cover;

[0012] A hydraulic lock cylinder cover is sealingly arranged on the second end of the hydraulic lock cylinder body in the axial direction, and a hydraulic cylinder lock cover oil passage is arranged on the hydraulic lock cylinder cover, and the hydraulic cylinder lock cover oil passage is communicated with the open cavity oil passage in the middle flange of the gate blowout preventer;

[0013] A locking piston is slidably disposed in the inner hole of the hydraulic lock cylinder body of the hydraulic lock cylinder body; a self-locking cavity is disposed between the outer circle of the locking piston and the inner hole of the hydraulic lock cylinder body, and the self-locking cavity is communicated with the closing cavity oil passage in the main hydraulic cylinder cover of the gate blowout preventer;

[0014] The liquid lock piston rod in the dual-function locking device of liquid lock and manual lock passes through the inner hole of the hydraulic lock cylinder body and the locking piston in sequence; the unlocking cavity between the side of the hydraulic cylinder lock cover facing the main hydraulic cylinder cover and the outer circle of the locking piston, the unlocking cavity is connected with the oil passage of the hydraulic cylinder lock cover;

[0015] At least one locking block is slidably disposed between the locking piston and the liquid lock piston rod, and the locking block is driven by the locking piston to lock and unlock the liquid lock piston rod;

[0016] A buffer spring is sleeved on the liquid lock piston rod, one end of the buffer spring acts on the main hydraulic cylinder cover, and the second end of the buffer spring acts on the locking piston. The buffer spring drives the locking piston to unlock.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the closing chamber oil passage is connected to the self-locking chamber through a closing chamber short oil pipe and a locking cylinder oil passage hole.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a one-way damping valve is provided between the short oil pipe of the closing chamber and the oil passage hole of the locking hydraulic cylinder.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the open-cavity oil passage is communicated with the oil passage in the hydraulic cylinder lock cover via an open-cavity oil pipe.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the open-chamber oil pipe is arranged on the periphery of the master hydraulic cylinder body and the hydraulic lock cylinder body and passes through the master hydraulic cylinder cover.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the closed-chamber oil passage is communicated with the open-chamber oil passage arranged in the middle flange of the gate blowout preventer by closing the communicating oil passage.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the closed communicating oil passage is arranged in the cylinder wall of the main hydraulic cylinder in the dual-function locking device of the hydraulic lock and the manual lock.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the locking piston has a coaxial spring hole with a large diameter and a locking hole with a small diameter, the outer circle of the locking piston is composed of a section of a large diameter outer circle, a section of a small diameter outer circle and a sealing ring placement groove section, and the sealing ring placement groove section is arranged between the large diameter outer circle and the small diameter outer circle; the inner hole of the hydraulic lock cylinder body of the hydraulic lock cylinder body is divided into a small diameter inner hole and a large diameter inner hole; a part of the large diameter outer circle is slidably matched with the small diameter inner hole, and the self-locking cavity is arranged between another part of the large diameter outer circle and a part of the large diameter inner hole; a sealing ring is arranged on the sealing ring placement groove section, and the sealing ring is sealingly matched with another part of the large diameter inner hole; the buffer spring is arranged in the small diameter inner hole and the spring hole; a part of the small diameter outer circle of the locking piston is inserted into the inner hole of the hydraulic lock cylinder cover, and the unlocking cavity is arranged between the step surface between the small diameter outer circle of the locking piston and the sealing ring placement groove section and the side of the hydraulic cylinder lock cover facing the main hydraulic cylinder cover.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of lower axial wedge grooves are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer circumferential surface of the section of the liquid lock piston rod located in the upper hole of the hydraulic lock cylinder body and the locking piston, and a plurality of upper axial wedge grooves are evenly distributed circumferentially on the hole surface of the locking hole of the locking piston, and the plurality of lower axial wedge grooves correspond to the plurality of upper axial wedge grooves in a one-to-one correspondence, the upper end surface of each locking block is arranged in the corresponding upper axial wedge groove, and the lower end surface of each locking block is arranged in the corresponding lower axial wedge groove; the upper axial wedge groove on the locking piston cooperates with each other through the locking block and the lower axial wedge groove on the liquid lock piston rod to lock and unlock the liquid lock piston rod.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper surface of the locking block is an upper wedge-shaped locking inclined surface, and the lower surface is composed of a lower wedge-shaped locking inclined surface and a lower plane. The bottom of the upper axial wedge-shaped groove is an upper inclined wedge surface that matches the upper wedge-shaped locking inclined surface, and the bottom of the lower axial wedge-shaped groove is composed of a section of flat surface and a section of lower inclined wedge surface that matches the lower wedge-shaped locking inclined surface. When the lower plane of the locking block matches the flat surface in the bottom of the lower axial wedge-shaped groove, the locking block is in an unlocked state to unlock the liquid lock piston rod; when the lower wedge-shaped locking inclined surface of the locking block matches the lower inclined wedge surface, the locking block is in a locked state to lock the liquid lock piston rod.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a spring seat, the inner diameter of the first part of the spring seat is configured on the liquid lock piston rod, the outer diameter of the second part is configured as a spring seat in the locking hole of the locking piston, and the buffer spring is sleeved on the outer diameter of the first part of the spring seat; axial guide grooves are circumferentially spaced apart on the circumferential walls of the first and second parts of the spring seat, and the locking block is slidably configured in the axial guide grooves.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first end of the spring seat is connected to the main hydraulic cylinder cover via a fastener, and the second end of the spring seat is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder lock cover.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the manual locking mechanism comprises:

[0029] A hydraulic cylinder lock cover is sealed between the hydraulic lock cylinder cover and the end of the locking piston away from the main hydraulic cylinder cover; the hydraulic cylinder lock cover limits the axial position of the end of the locking piston away from the main hydraulic cylinder cover and a locking display rod hole is provided in the hydraulic cylinder lock cover;

[0030] A locking screw seat connected as one body with the hydraulic cylinder locking cover, wherein an inner screw hole is arranged in the locking screw seat;

[0031] A locking display rod in the inner hole of the second part of the spring seat, one end of the locking display rod is connected to the end of the liquid lock piston rod facing the locking display rod, and the other end of the locking display rod passes through the locking display rod hole and extends into the inner screw hole;

[0032] A locking screw disposed in the inner screw hole by means of a threaded connection;

[0033] A locking nut is fixed to the end of the locking screw seat away from the hydraulic cylinder locking cover, the locking nut axially restricts the external thread section of the locking screw within the internal screw hole, and the head of the locking screw can extend from the locking nut.

[0034] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] (1) The closing chamber hydraulic oil reaches the closing chamber hydraulic chamber of the main hydraulic cylinder body through the closing chamber oil passage in the main hydraulic cylinder cover, and reaches the self-locking chamber through the closing chamber oil passage, closing chamber short oil pipe, one-way damping valve, and locking cylinder oil passage hole in the main hydraulic cylinder cover; the opening chamber hydraulic oil reaches the opening chamber hydraulic chamber of the main hydraulic cylinder body through the opening chamber oil passage in the middle flange, and reaches the unlocking chamber between the step surface between the small diameter outer circle of the locking piston and the sealing ring placement groove section and the side of the hydraulic lock cylinder cover facing the main hydraulic cylinder cover. The oil passages of the self-locking chamber and the unlocking chamber of the liquid lock device do not pass through the locking pairs such as the upper axial wedge groove between the locking block and the locking piston and the lower axial wedge groove on the locking block and the liquid lock piston rod, so as not to affect the cleanliness of the original switch oil passage, and there is no need to improve the cleanliness of the switch oil passage.

[0036] (2) When the gate assembly is closed, the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the opening chamber increases, and the liquid lock piston rod pushes the gate to move toward the center of the housing diameter under the action of the main piston hydraulic pressure; the locking piston has a tendency to continuously push the locking block to move toward the center of the liquid lock piston rod under the action of the thrust of the closing chamber hydraulic oil; the main piston continues to move toward the center of the housing diameter and achieves sealing, and the locking block continues to gather toward the center of the liquid lock piston rod under the action of the thrust of the closing chamber hydraulic oil, so that the lower wedge-shaped locking inclined surface on the locking block is close to the lower inclined wedge surface in the lower axial wedge groove on the liquid lock piston rod. The lower inclined wedge surface in the lower axial wedge groove on the liquid lock piston rod adopts a self-locking angle, which cooperates with the lower wedge-shaped locking inclined surface on the locking block, so that the locking block cannot move outward, thereby locking the position of the liquid lock piston rod. After the hydraulic pressure is unloaded, the liquid lock piston rod still cannot retreat and the gate is kept in a sealed state, achieving self-locking. That is, automatic locking is achieved while the hydraulic circuit closing and sealing action is achieved.

[0037] (3) The length of the upper inclined wedge surface in the upper axial wedge groove on the locking piston and the lower inclined wedge surface in the lower axial wedge groove on the liquid lock piston rod are both greater than the length of the upper wedge locking inclined surface and the lower wedge locking inclined surface on the locking block, which can realize multi-stroke position locking and automatically compensate for the wear of the gate rubber core, etc. The closing, sealing and automatic locking of the pipe gate, full-sealed gate, variable-diameter gate and shear full-sealed gate are effectively realized, ensuring the effectiveness and stability of the liquid lock.

[0038] (4) When the gate assembly is opened, the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the opening cavity increases, and the locking piston moves in the unlocking direction under the action of the hydraulic thrust of the opening cavity. At this time, the force of the locking piston on the locking block toward the center of the liquid lock piston rod disappears, and the locking block is pushed to move axially outward and diffuse under the action of the hydraulic pressure of the opening cavity. The locking piston continues to move to the unlocking position under the hydraulic thrust of the opening cavity, and the main piston pushes the locking block to move axially outward and diffuse to the unlocking position under the action of the hydraulic pressure of the opening cavity. Under the action of the hydraulic pressure of the opening cavity, the main piston continues to drive the liquid lock piston rod to move away from the center hole of the housing diameter until the gate is fully opened. That is, the hydraulic pressure of the opening cavity increases, the liquid lock device is automatically unlocked, and the gate is opened under the push of the hydraulic pressure.

[0039] (5) The locking indicator rod is connected to the liquid lock piston rod through the locking indicator rod hole of the hydraulic cylinder lock cover, and reciprocates with the liquid lock piston rod. It can not only display the gate switch position, but also transmit the force of the locking screw to the liquid lock piston rod to achieve manual locking. It realizes the combination of the "liquid lock" device and the "hand lock" device. As an auxiliary and backup locking device of the liquid lock, the manual locking mechanism can be used for emergency locking when the locking of the liquid lock device fails, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the blowout preventer.

[0040] The present invention includes both a liquid lock device and a hand lock device. When the liquid lock device closes the gate, the locking piston pushes the locking block to the locking position of the locking piston rod under the action of hydraulic pressure to complete the self-locking action, so as to prevent the gate from opening with the increase of well pressure after the hydraulic unloading area of ​​the chamber is closed; it can be automatically unlocked when the gate is opened. The hand lock device serves as an auxiliary and backup locking device of the liquid lock, and can be used for emergency locking when the locking of the liquid lock device fails, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the gate blowout preventer. At the same time, it has the function of displaying the closed and open status of the gate, which overcomes the defect of a single "liquid lock" device that is helpless when it fails due to long-term use or other unknown factors. When the hand lock device fails to lock, it can be manually locked to prepare for emergencies, thus overcoming the disadvantages of a single "hand lock" device with high labor intensity and low efficiency.

[0041] The liquid lock of the present invention improves the degree of automation of locking the gate blowout preventer, and the hand lock provides an auxiliary and backup locking device for the liquid lock, which absorbs the advantages of both and avoids the disadvantages of using them alone. The combination of the two locking devices is the first time and has important significance in practical use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the dual-function locking device of the present invention, which is a liquid lock and a manual lock, installed on a blowout preventer with a gate.

[0043] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the dual-function locking device of the present invention with liquid lock and manual lock.

[0044] Figure 3It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the hydraulic lock and manual lock dual-function locking device of the present invention closing the gate and hydraulically locking it automatically at the same time.

[0045] Figure 3a It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the hydraulic lock and manual lock dual-function locking device of the present invention when the gate is closed and hydraulically locked automatically.

[0046] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional diagram of the emergency locking of the manual locking mechanism of the dual-function locking device of liquid lock and manual lock of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional diagram of the hydraulic lock and hand lock dual-function locking device of the present invention in the unlocked and opened gate state

[0048] Figure 5a It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of some parts of the dual-function locking device of the liquid lock and the hand lock of the present invention at the moment of unlocking.

[0049] Figure 5b It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of some parts of the dual-function locking device of the liquid lock and the hand lock of the present invention when the gate is unlocked and opened.

[0050] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the locking block in the dual-function locking device of liquid lock and hand lock of the present invention viewed from one direction.

[0051] Figure 6a This is a schematic diagram of the locking block in the dual-function locking device of liquid lock and manual lock of the present invention viewed from another direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0053] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the dual-function locking device of the present invention, which is a liquid lock and a manual lock, installed on a blowout preventer with a gate.

[0054] The specific structure of the present invention is shown in Figure 2-6a The following is combined with the attached Figure 1-6a , the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, the dual-function locking device 2 of the liquid lock and hand lock of the present invention is installed at the tail of the main liquid cylinder 3 of the gate blowout preventer, and the main liquid cylinder 3 is installed on the housing 5 of the gate blowout preventer through the middle flange 4 (side door). When the gate blowout preventer closes the gate, the liquid lock is automatically locked, and the hand lock function provides an auxiliary and backup locking device for the liquid lock.

[0056] The dual-function locking device of hydraulic lock and manual lock comprises: a hydraulic lock cylinder body 13, a hydraulic lock cylinder cover 16, a locking piston 14, a buffer spring 30, a spring seat 31, a plurality of locking blocks 15 and a manual locking mechanism.

[0057] The manual locking mechanism includes a locking display rod 34 , a locking screw seat 17 , a locking screw seat 22 , a locking nut 20 and a locking screw 21 .

[0058] The master cylinder 3 includes a master hydraulic cylinder body 3a and a master hydraulic cylinder cover 32. The intermediate flange 4 is fixed to the end side of the housing 5 by fasteners. An open-chamber oil passage 41 is provided in the intermediate flange 4. One end 3aa of the master hydraulic cylinder body 3a in the axial direction is sealed on the intermediate flange 4, and the master hydraulic cylinder cover 32 is sealed on the other end 3ab of the master hydraulic cylinder body 3a in the axial direction. A closed-chamber oil passage 32a is provided in the master hydraulic cylinder cover 32. The closed-chamber oil passage 32a is communicated with the closed-chamber hydraulic chamber 3ac in the master hydraulic cylinder body 3a. The open-chamber oil passage 41 is communicated with the open-chamber hydraulic chamber 3ad in the master hydraulic cylinder body 3a.

[0059] The closing hydraulic chamber 3ac and the opening hydraulic chamber 3ad are separated by a main piston 33 slidably disposed in the main hydraulic cylinder 3a.

[0060] The first end 13a of the hydraulic lock cylinder 13 in the axial direction is sealed and arranged on the main hydraulic cylinder cover 32, and the second end 13b in the axial direction is sealed and arranged with the hydraulic lock cylinder cover 16. A hydraulic cylinder lock cover oil passage 161 is arranged in the hydraulic lock cylinder cover 16. The hydraulic cylinder lock cover oil passage 161 is connected with the open cavity oil passage 41 through the open cavity oil pipe 29 and the intermediate flange oil passage hole 42. The open cavity oil pipe 29 is arranged on the periphery of the main hydraulic cylinder 3a and the hydraulic lock cylinder 13 and passes through the main hydraulic cylinder cover 32.

[0061] The inner hole of the hydraulic lock cylinder 13 is divided into a small-diameter inner hole 13c and a large-diameter inner hole 13d.

[0062] The locking piston 14 is slidably disposed in the inner hole of the hydraulic lock cylinder body 13, wherein there are coaxial spring holes 14a with a large diameter and locking holes 14b with a small diameter. The outer circle of the locking piston 14 is composed of a large diameter outer circle 14c, a small diameter outer circle 14d, and a sealing ring placement groove section 14e. The sealing ring placement groove section 14e is disposed between the large diameter outer circle 14c and the small diameter outer circle 14d; wherein a part of the large diameter outer circle 14c is slidably matched with the small diameter inner hole 13c, and a sealing member 28 is disposed between the large diameter outer circle 14c and the small diameter inner hole 13c. A self-locking chamber 133 is disposed between another part of the large diameter outer circle 14c and a part of the large diameter inner hole 13d; the self-locking chamber 133 is communicated with the closing chamber oil passage 32a through the locking cylinder oil passage hole 131, the one-way damping valve 12, and the closing chamber short oil pipe 11.

[0063] A sealing ring 27 is provided on the sealing ring placement groove section 14e, and the sealing ring 27 is sealed with another part of the large diameter inner hole 13d; an unlocking chamber 132 is provided between the small diameter outer circle 14d of the locking piston 14 and the step surface 14f between the sealing ring placement groove section 14e and the side 16a of the hydraulic lock cylinder cover 16 facing the main hydraulic cylinder cover 32. The unlocking chamber 132 is communicated with the hydraulic cylinder lock cover oil passage 161. A part of the small diameter outer circle 14d of the locking piston 14 is inserted into the inner hole 16b of the hydraulic cylinder lock cover 16.

[0064] The liquid lock piston rod 10 coming out of the main hydraulic cylinder cover 32 in the gate blowout preventer passes through the small diameter inner hole 13c of the hydraulic lock cylinder body 13 and the large diameter spring hole 14a of the locking piston 14 and is inserted into the small diameter locking hole 14b of the locking piston 14. A spring seat 31 is sleeved on this section of the liquid lock piston rod 10, and the first end 31a of the spring seat 31 is connected to the main hydraulic cylinder cover 32 by a fastener such as a screw 31b, and the second end 24 of the spring seat 31 is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder lock cover 17 by a fastener such as a screw 23. The inner diameter of the first part 31c of the spring seat 31 is arranged on the liquid lock piston rod 10, and the outer diameter of the second part 31d is arranged in the small diameter locking hole 14b of the locking piston.

[0065] The buffer spring 30 is sleeved on the outer diameter of the first part 31c of the spring seat 31; axial guide grooves 31e are circumferentially spaced on the circumferential walls of the first part 31c and the second part 31d of the spring seat 31, and at the same time, a plurality of lower axial wedge grooves 10a are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer circumferential surface of the section of the liquid lock piston rod 10 coming out of the main hydraulic cylinder cover 32 in the gate blowout preventer, that is, the inner hole of the hydraulic lock cylinder body 13 and the section of the liquid lock piston rod 10 in the locking piston 14, and a plurality of upper axial wedge grooves 14ba are evenly distributed circumferentially on the hole surface of the locking hole 14b of the locking piston 14.

[0066] The bottom of each lower axial wedge groove 10a is composed of a flat surface 101 and a lower inclined wedge surface 102, and the bottom of each upper axial wedge groove 14ba is an upper inclined wedge surface 14baa. Each locking block 15 is slidably disposed in the axial guide groove 31e of the spring seat 31, and its upper surface is an upper wedge-shaped locking inclined surface 154. The lower surface of the locking block 15 is composed of a lower wedge-shaped locking inclined surface 153 and a lower plane 152, and the end surface of the locking block 15 facing the buffer spring 30 is a plane 151.

[0067] The manual locking mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder lock cover 17, a locking indicator rod 34, a locking screw seat 22, a locking screw 23 and a locking nut 20. The hydraulic cylinder lock cover 17 is sealed and arranged on the hydraulic lock cylinder cover 16 and the end of the locking piston 14 away from the main hydraulic cylinder cover 32 and is fixedly connected to the hydraulic lock cylinder cover 16 through fasteners such as connecting bolts 18 and nuts 19. The hydraulic cylinder lock cover 17 limits the axial position of the end 14g of the locking piston 14 away from the main hydraulic cylinder cover 32 and is provided with a locking indicator rod hole 17a in the hydraulic cylinder lock cover 17.

[0068] The locking display rod 34 is disposed in the inner hole of the second portion 31d of the spring seat 31, one end of the locking display rod 34 is connected to the end of the liquid lock piston rod 10 facing the locking display rod 34 (i.e., the tail end of the liquid lock piston rod 10), and the other end of the locking display rod 34 passes through the locking display rod hole 17a and extends into the inner screw hole 22a of the locking screw seat 22;

[0069] The external thread section 21a of the locking screw 21 is arranged in the internal screw hole 22a by threaded connection. The locking nut 20 is fixed to the end of the locking screw seat 22 away from the hydraulic cylinder lock cover 17. The locking nut 20 axially restricts the external thread section 21a of the locking screw 21 in the internal screw hole 22a, and the head 21b of the locking screw 21 can extend out of the locking nut 20.

[0070] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0071] On the one hand, the closing chamber hydraulic oil reaches the closing hydraulic chamber 3ac of the main hydraulic cylinder body 3a of the master cylinder 3 through the closing chamber oil passage 32a in the main cylinder cover 32, and on the other hand, it reaches the self-locking chamber 133 between another part of the large-diameter outer circle 14c of the locking piston 14 and a part of the large-diameter inner hole 13d of the hydraulic lock cylinder body 13 through the closing chamber oil passage 32a in the main cylinder cover 32, the closing chamber short oil pipe 11, the one-way damping valve 12 and the locking cylinder oil passage hole 131; the opening chamber hydraulic oil reaches the self-locking chamber 133 between another part of the large-diameter outer circle 14c of the locking piston 14 and a part of the large-diameter inner hole 13d of the hydraulic lock cylinder body 13 through the closing chamber oil passage 32a in the main cylinder cover 32, the closing chamber short oil pipe 11, the one-way damping valve 12 and the locking cylinder oil passage hole 131; The open-chamber oil passage 41 in the flange 4 reaches the open-chamber hydraulic chamber 3ad in the main hydraulic cylinder body 3a. At the same time, the open-chamber hydraulic oil reaches the open-chamber hydraulic chamber 3ad in the main hydraulic cylinder body 3a through the open-chamber oil passage 41 in the middle flange 4, the middle flange oil passage hole 42, the open-chamber oil pipe 29, and the hydraulic cylinder lock cover oil passage 161 in the hydraulic lock cylinder cover 16. An unlocking chamber 132 is provided between the step surface 14f between the small-diameter outer circle 14d of the locking piston 14 and the sealing ring mounting groove section 14e, and the side 16a of the hydraulic lock cylinder cover 16 facing the main hydraulic cylinder cover 32.

[0072] The above two oil circuits are separated from the locking pair including the locking block 15, the straight surface 101 of the lower axial wedge groove 10a on the outer peripheral surface of the liquid lock piston rod 10, the lower inclined wedge surface 102, etc., which does not affect the cleanliness of the original switch oil circuit oil, and there is no need to improve the cleanliness of the switch oil circuit oil.

[0073] The lower axial wedge groove 10a on the outer peripheral surface of the liquid lock piston rod 10 adopts a groove design to prevent the liquid lock piston rod 10 from rotating relative to the locking block 15 during reciprocating motion, thereby ensuring that the locking block 15 effectively contacts the lower inclined wedge surface 102 when moving to the lower inclined wedge surface 102.

[0074] The main hydraulic cylinder body 3a of the master hydraulic cylinder 3 has a main piston 34, and the liquid lock piston rod 10 is connected to the center of the main piston 34. On the outer circumferential surface of the liquid lock piston rod 10 that comes out of the main hydraulic cylinder cover 21 in the gate blowout preventer, that is, the inner hole of the hydraulic lock cylinder body 13 and the locking piston 14, there are a plurality of lower axial wedge grooves 10a evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The main piston 34 reciprocates under the hydraulic pressure, driving the liquid lock piston rod 10 to reciprocate.

[0075] like Figure 3 , Figure 3a and Figure 6 As shown, when the gate in the gate blowout preventer is closed, the closing chamber hydraulic oil pressure in the closing chamber hydraulic chamber 3ac in the main hydraulic cylinder body 3a will increase, and the liquid lock piston rod 10 pushes the gate to move toward the center of the diameter of the housing 5 through the liquid lock piston rod 10 under the action of the hydraulic pressure of the main piston 34. At the same time, the closing chamber hydraulic oil in the closing chamber oil passage 32a reaches the self-locking chamber 133 through the closing chamber short oil pipe 11, the one-way damping valve 12, and the locking cylinder oil passage hole 131.

[0076] Under the action of the closing chamber hydraulic thrust in the self-locking chamber 133, the locking piston 14 cooperates with the upper inclined wedge surface 14baa in the upper axial wedge groove 14ba of the locking piston 14 and the upper wedge-shaped locking inclined surface 154 of each locking block 15, continuously pushing the lower plane 152 of the locking block 15 to closely adhere to the flat surface 101 of the lower axial wedge groove 10a of the liquid lock piston rod 10 and move toward the center of the liquid lock piston rod 10.

[0077] When the lower inclined wedge surface 102 of the lower axial wedge groove 10a of the liquid lock piston rod 10 moves to the corresponding position of the locking block 15, the locking block 15 immediately gathers toward the center of the liquid lock piston rod 10 under the action of the closing chamber liquid pressure thrust in the self-locking chamber 133, so that the lower wedge-shaped locking inclined surface 153 of the locking block 15 is tightly attached to the lower inclined wedge surface 102 of the lower axial wedge groove 10a of the liquid lock piston rod 10. After the main piston 34 continues to move toward the center of the diameter of the housing 5 and achieves sealing, the closing chamber hydraulic oil is unloaded, and the sealing rebound force of the gate rubber core and the well fluid pressure are transmitted to the locking block 15 through the lower inclined wedge surface 102 of the lower axial wedge groove 10a of the liquid lock piston rod 10 and the lower wedge-shaped locking inclined surface 153 of the locking block 15. The locking block 15 transmits the force to the locking piston 14 respectively, and the second end 24 of the spring seat 31 restricts the locking block 15 from moving along the center line direction of the liquid lock piston rod 10.

[0078] The lower inclined wedge surface 102 of the lower axial wedge groove 10a of the liquid lock piston rod 10 is greater than the inclined surface length of the lower wedge locking inclined surface 153 of the locking block 15. When the gate is sealed, the lower wedge locking inclined surface 153 can be completely in contact with the lower inclined wedge surface 102 of the lower axial wedge groove 10a of the liquid lock piston rod 10, and the upper inclined wedge surface 14baa in the upper axial wedge groove 14ba of the locking piston 14 and the upper wedge locking inclined surface 154 of each locking block 15 are in contact with each other and self-locking, which limits the locking block 15 from moving axially outward along the lower axial wedge groove 10a of the liquid lock piston rod 10, so that the liquid lock piston rod 10 cannot retreat and continue to maintain a sealed state, thereby realizing automatic locking of the gate under the action of hydraulic control oil pressure. The upper inclined wedge surface 14baa in the upper axial wedge groove 14ba of the locking piston 14 and the upper wedge-shaped locking inclined surface 154 of each locking block 15 can be a plane or a curved surface.

[0079] like Figure 3a As shown, the length of the upper inclined wedge surface 14baa in the upper axial wedge groove 14ba of the locking piston 14 and the length of the lower inclined wedge surface 102 in the lower axial wedge groove 10a of the liquid lock piston rod 10 are both greater than the lengths of the upper wedge-shaped locking inclined surface 154 and the lower wedge-shaped locking inclined surface 153 of the locking block 15. When the shear gate, the reducing gate and the pipe gate in the gate blowout preventer are closed to achieve sealing, the lower inclined wedge surface 102 in the lower axial wedge groove 10a of the liquid lock piston rod 10 will be located at different positions and can be in close contact with the lower wedge-shaped locking inclined surface 153 of the locking block 15. At the same time, the upper wedge-shaped locking inclined surface 154 of the locking block 15 is also in close contact with the upper inclined wedge surface 14baa in the upper axial wedge groove 14ba of the locking piston 14, so that the gate locking action is automatically completed under the action of the hydraulic control oil pressure, and at the same time, the wear of the gate rubber core can be automatically compensated.

[0080] like Figure 4 As shown, the locking indicator rod 34 passes through the locking indicator rod hole 17a of the hydraulic cylinder lock cover 17 and is connected to the tail end of the hydraulic lock piston rod 10 by threading. The locking indicator rod 34 can also be processed as one piece with the hydraulic lock piston rod 10 and reciprocate with the hydraulic lock piston rod 10. The hydraulic cylinder lock cover 17 can be processed as one piece with the hydraulic lock cylinder cover 16, and can also be fixed to the hydraulic lock cylinder cover 16 by bolts 18 and nuts 19.

[0081] The inner wall of the locking screw seat 22 is provided with an inner screw hole 22a, which is a coarse pressed inner thread. The outer thread section 21a of the locking screw 21 is also a coarse thread outer thread matching the inner screw hole 22a. The outer thread section 21a of the locking screw 21 is arranged in the inner screw hole 22a by threaded connection, and the head 21b of the locking screw 21 is rotated to move in the inner screw hole 22a in the locking screw seat 22 to tighten the end of the locking indicator rod 34, thereby tightening the liquid lock piston rod 10, and realizing manual operation piston stroke locking. The manual locking mechanism, as an auxiliary and backup locking device of the liquid lock, can be locked in an emergency when the locking device of the liquid lock fails, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the blowout preventer.

[0082] Before opening the gate, observe the position of the locking screw 21. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the manual locking mechanism is in an unlocked state when the end face 21c of the external thread section 21a of the locking screw 21 is close to the limiting plane 20a of the locking nut 20. If the locking screw 21 is in the locked state, the locking screw 21 is manually rotated back until its end face 21c is close to the limiting plane 20a of the locking nut 20, so that the manual locking mechanism is in an unlocked state.

[0083] like Figure 5 , Figure 5a , Figure 5b and Figure 6 As shown in FIG. 1 , when the gate is opened, the opening cavity hydraulic oil in the opening cavity hydraulic cavity 3ad rises, driving the main piston 34 to move toward the main hydraulic cylinder cover 32. At the same time, the opening cavity hydraulic oil in the opening cavity hydraulic cavity 3ad enters the unlocking cavity 132 through the opening cavity oil passage 41, the middle flange oil passage hole 42, the opening cavity oil pipe 29, and the hydraulic cylinder lock cover oil passage 161. The locking piston 14 moves in the unlocking direction under the action of the opening cavity hydraulic thrust. At this time, as shown in FIG. Figure 5a As shown, the upper inclined wedge surface 14baa in the upper axial wedge groove 14ba of the locking piston 14 is disengaged from the upper wedge-shaped locking inclined surface 154 of the locking block 15, and the force of the locking piston 14 on the locking block 15 toward the center of the liquid lock piston rod 10 disappears. Under the action of the opening liquid pressure, the main piston 34 drives the liquid lock piston rod 10 to push the locking block 15 to move axially outward.

[0084] like Figure 5bAs shown, the locking piston 14 continues to move to the unlocking position under the hydraulic thrust of the cavity opening, and the lower inclined wedge surface 102 of the lower axial wedge groove 10a of the liquid lock piston rod 10 contacts the upper wedge locking inclined surface 154 of the locking block 15 under the action of the cavity opening hydraulic pressure and pushes the locking block 15 to move axially outward until the unlocking position: the locking block 15 moves outward to the position where the lower wedge locking inclined surface 153 matches the flat surface 101 of the lower axial wedge groove 10a of the liquid lock piston rod 10. Under the action of the cavity opening hydraulic pressure, the main piston 34 continues to drive the liquid lock piston rod 10 to move away from the center of the diameter of the housing 5 until the gate is fully opened. That is, the cavity opening hydraulic oil pressure increases, the liquid lock device automatically unlocks, and the gate is opened.

[0085] like Figure 2 As shown, a one-way damping valve 12 is provided between the closing chamber oil passage 32a of the locking cylinder and the self-locking chamber 133, so that the speed of the oil entering the self-locking chamber 133 is slowed down when the gate is closed, so that the gathering speed of the locking block 15 is slower than the speed of closing the gate, and the gate is closed first and then automatically locked. When unlocking and opening the gate, since the damping direction of the one-way damping valve 12 is one-way, the closing chamber oil passage can quickly return when unlocking, so that the action of first unlocking and then opening the gate is realized.

[0086] In addition, the one-way damping valve 12 can also be installed between the opening chamber oil passage 41 and the unlocking chamber 132 to slow down the oil return speed when the locking piston 14 is closed. Or it can be installed between the closing chamber oil passage 32a and the self-locking chamber 133 and between the opening chamber oil passage 41 and the unlocking chamber 132 at the same time to slow down the oil entering speed and oil return speed when the locking piston 14 is closed, so as to achieve the action of first unlocking and then opening the gate.

Claims

1. A dual-function locking device with a liquid lock and a hand lock, characterized in that: The dual-function locking device of liquid lock and manual lock is installed on the main hydraulic cylinder cover of the ram blowout preventer and locks and unlocks the liquid lock piston rod in the ram blowout preventer through a hydraulic locking mechanism; and also locks the liquid lock piston rod in the ram blowout preventer through a manual locking mechanism; The dual-function locking device of liquid lock and hand lock comprises: A hydraulic lock cylinder body having a first end seal in the axial direction and arranged on the main hydraulic cylinder cover; A hydraulic lock cylinder cover is sealingly arranged on the second end of the hydraulic lock cylinder body in the axial direction, and a hydraulic lock cylinder cover oil passage is arranged on the hydraulic lock cylinder cover, and the hydraulic lock cylinder cover oil passage is communicated with the open cavity oil passage in the middle flange of the gate blowout preventer; A locking piston is slidably disposed in the inner hole of the hydraulic lock cylinder body of the hydraulic lock cylinder body; a self-locking cavity is disposed between the outer circle of the locking piston and the inner hole of the hydraulic lock cylinder body, and the self-locking cavity is communicated with the closing cavity oil passage in the main hydraulic cylinder cover of the gate blowout preventer; The liquid lock piston rod in the dual-function locking device of liquid lock and manual lock passes through the inner hole of the hydraulic lock cylinder body and the locking piston in sequence; the unlocking cavity between the side of the hydraulic lock cylinder cover facing the main hydraulic cylinder cover and the outer circle of the locking piston, the unlocking cavity is connected with the oil passage of the hydraulic lock cylinder cover; At least one locking block is slidably disposed between the locking piston and the liquid lock piston rod, and the locking block is driven by the locking piston to lock and unlock the liquid lock piston rod; A buffer spring sleeved on the liquid lock piston rod, one end of the buffer spring acts on the main hydraulic cylinder cover, the second end of the buffer spring acts on the locking piston, and the buffer spring drives the locking piston to unlock; The closing chamber oil passage is connected with the self-locking chamber through the closing chamber short oil pipe and the locking cylinder oil passage hole; A one-way damping valve is arranged between the short oil pipe of the closing chamber and the oil circuit hole of the locking cylinder to slow down the speed of the oil entering the self-locking chamber when closing the gate plate, so that the gathering speed of the locking block is slower than the speed of closing the gate plate, thereby realizing the automatic locking after closing the gate plate; when unlocking and opening the gate plate, since the damping direction of the one-way damping valve is one-way, the closing chamber oil circuit can quickly return when unlocking, thereby realizing the action of unlocking first and then opening the gate plate.

2. A dual-function locking device of liquid lock and hand lock as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The open-cavity oil passage is communicated with the oil passage in the hydraulic lock cylinder cover through an open-cavity oil pipe.

3. A dual-function locking device of liquid lock and hand lock as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The open-chamber oil pipe is arranged on the periphery of the main hydraulic cylinder body and the hydraulic lock cylinder body and passes through the main hydraulic cylinder cover.

4. A dual-function locking device of liquid lock and hand lock as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The closed cavity oil passage is communicated with the open cavity oil passage arranged in the middle flange of the gate blowout preventer by closing the communicating oil passage.

5. A dual-function locking device of liquid lock and hand lock as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The closed communicating oil passage is arranged in the cylinder wall of the main hydraulic cylinder in the dual-function locking device of the liquid lock and the manual lock.

6. A dual-function locking device of liquid lock and hand lock according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The locking piston is provided with a coaxial large-diameter spring hole and a small-diameter locking hole, the outer circle of the locking piston is composed of a large-diameter outer circle, a small-diameter outer circle and a sealing ring placement groove section, and the sealing ring placement groove section is arranged between the large-diameter outer circle and the small-diameter outer circle; the inner hole of the hydraulic lock cylinder body of the hydraulic lock cylinder body is divided into a small-diameter inner hole and a large-diameter inner hole; a part of the large-diameter outer circle is slidably matched with the small-diameter inner hole, and the self-locking cavity is arranged between another part of the large-diameter outer circle and a part of the large-diameter inner hole; a sealing ring is arranged on the sealing ring placement groove section, and the sealing ring is sealingly matched with another part of the large-diameter inner hole; the buffer spring is arranged in the small-diameter inner hole and the spring hole; a part of the small-diameter outer circle of the locking piston is inserted into the inner hole of the hydraulic lock cylinder cover, and the unlocking cavity is arranged between the step surface between the small-diameter outer circle of the locking piston and the sealing ring placement groove section and the side of the hydraulic lock cylinder cover facing the main hydraulic cylinder cover.

7. A dual-function locking device of liquid lock and hand lock as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of lower axial wedge grooves are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer circumferential surface of the section of the liquid lock piston rod located in the upper hole of the hydraulic lock cylinder body and the locking piston, and a plurality of upper axial wedge grooves are evenly distributed circumferentially on the hole surface of the locking hole of the locking piston. The plurality of lower axial wedge grooves correspond to the plurality of upper axial wedge grooves in a one-to-one relationship, the upper end surface of each locking block is arranged in the corresponding upper axial wedge groove, and the lower end surface of each locking block is arranged in the corresponding lower axial wedge groove; the upper axial wedge groove on the locking piston cooperates with each other through the locking block and the lower axial wedge groove on the liquid lock piston rod to lock and unlock the liquid lock piston rod.

8. A dual-function locking device of liquid lock and hand lock as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The upper surface of the locking block is an upper wedge-shaped locking inclined surface, and the lower surface is composed of a lower wedge-shaped locking inclined surface and a lower plane. The bottom of the upper axial wedge-shaped groove is an upper inclined wedge surface that matches the upper wedge-shaped locking inclined surface, and the bottom of the lower axial wedge-shaped groove is composed of a section of flat surface and a section of lower inclined wedge surface that matches the lower wedge-shaped locking inclined surface. When the lower plane of the locking block matches the flat surface in the bottom of the lower axial wedge-shaped groove, the locking block is in an unlocked state to unlock the liquid lock piston rod; when the lower wedge-shaped locking inclined surface of the locking block matches the lower inclined wedge surface, the locking block is in a locked state to lock the liquid lock piston rod.

9. A dual-function locking device of liquid lock and hand lock as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The lengths of the upper inclined wedge surface in the upper axial wedge groove on the locking piston and the lower inclined wedge surface in the lower axial wedge groove on the liquid lock piston rod are both greater than the lengths of the upper wedge-shaped locking inclined surface and the lower wedge-shaped locking inclined surface on the locking block.

10. A dual-function locking device of liquid lock and hand lock as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a spring seat, the inner diameter of the first part of the spring seat is arranged on the liquid lock piston rod, the outer diameter of the second part is arranged on the spring seat in the locking hole of the locking piston, and the buffer spring is sleeved on the outer diameter of the first part of the spring seat; axial guide grooves are circumferentially spaced apart on the circumferential walls of the first and second parts of the spring seat, and the locking block is slidably arranged in the axial guide grooves.

11. A dual-function locking device of liquid lock and hand lock as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that: The first end of the spring seat is connected to the main hydraulic cylinder cover via a fastener, and the second end of the spring seat is fixedly connected to the hydraulic lock cylinder cover.

12. A dual-function locking device of liquid lock and hand lock according to claim 11, characterized in that: The manual locking mechanism comprises: A hydraulic lock cylinder cover is sealed between the hydraulic lock cylinder cover and the end of the locking piston away from the main hydraulic cylinder cover; the hydraulic lock cylinder cover limits the axial position of the end of the locking piston away from the main hydraulic cylinder cover and a locking display rod hole is provided in the hydraulic lock cylinder cover; A locking screw seat integrally connected to the hydraulic locking cylinder cover, wherein an inner screw hole is provided in the locking screw seat; A locking display rod in the inner hole of the second part of the spring seat, one end of the locking display rod is connected to the end of the liquid lock piston rod facing the locking display rod, and the other end of the locking display rod passes through the locking display rod hole and extends into the inner screw hole; A locking screw disposed in the inner screw hole by means of a threaded connection; A locking nut is fixed to the end of the locking screw seat away from the hydraulic locking cylinder cover, the locking nut axially restricts the external thread section of the locking screw within the internal screw hole, and the head of the locking screw extends out from the locking nut.

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