Intelligent rail dressing and grinding equipment

Abstract

The present invention relates to an intelligent rail dressing and grinding equipment. The whole set of equipment consists of a traveling vehicle, a profile detection system, a mileage system, a grinding swing arm mechanism, a single chip microcomputer, a PLC control system and an electric control cabinet. After the vehicle enters the grinding operation area, it detects the rail profile in real time while traveling. The PLC control system automatically adjusts the position and posture of each grinding swing arm mechanism according to the data provided by the single chip microcomputer, and performs grinding according to the preset rail profile. The post-profile detection system is used to evaluate the rail grinding quality. Combined with the position information provided by the mileage system, the grinding operation data is pushed point by point, and the grinding quality, efficiency and degree of automation will be significantly improved. This device can not only perform multi-camera automatic profile grinding on the rails on the line, but also detect the rail profile grinding quality in real time. It has the functions of synchronous detection, automatic profiling, multi-head grinding and real-time evaluation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a railway track maintenance machine, in particular to an intelligent rail finishing and grinding device for performing multi-machine automatic profile grinding on rails on a line and having the function of real-time detection of rail profile grinding quality. Background Art

[0002] When the rails on the railway line are rolled to a certain extent, their contour shape changes, the contact geometry between the wheelset and the rails deteriorates, and the stability of operation and the service life of the rails are damaged. Therefore, since the speed increase of my country's railways, the railway department has attached great importance to the profile grinding of the line rails. At present, profile grinding is mainly carried out with small grinders, which are inefficient and have poor precision; large grinding trains are dispatched, which are too costly and not suitable for local operations. The present invention can effectively solve the problem. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve the above problems, thereby providing an intelligent rail dressing and grinding equipment with synchronous detection, automatic profiling, multi-head grinding and real-time evaluation functions.

[0004] The present invention solves the above-mentioned problem by adopting the following technical solution:

[0005] An intelligent rail dressing and grinding device comprises a traveling vehicle, a profile detection system, a mileage system, a grinding swing arm mechanism, a single chip microcomputer, a PLC control system and an electric control cabinet; the profile detection system is arranged on the body of the traveling vehicle, and is composed of a plurality of laser displacement sensors arranged relative to a plurality of characteristic points on the top surface of the rail, each laser displacement sensor is connected to the single chip microcomputer, and is used to continuously transmit the distance value detected to the corresponding characteristic point on the top surface of the rail to the single chip microcomputer; the mileage system is arranged at one end of the body of the traveling vehicle, and is composed of a rotary encoder and an industrial camera linked to the wheel, the rotary encoder is used to record the number of rotations of the wheel, the industrial camera is used to collect milestone images, the rotary encoder and the industrial camera are respectively connected to the single chip microcomputer, and the position information of the device is pushed through the single chip microcomputer; the grinding swing arm mechanism is provided with N pieces corresponding to two rails Arranged on both sides of the body of the traveling vehicle, the grinding swing arm mechanism is equipped with stepper motors for driving the grinding machine to lift, move horizontally, deflect and lock, inclination sensors for detecting the lifting and deflection angles of the grinding machine, and displacement sensors for detecting the lateral movement of the grinding machine. The driver of each stepper motor is connected to the PLC control system, the inclination sensor and the displacement sensor are respectively connected to the single-chip microcomputer, providing the single-chip microcomputer with the position and posture information of the grinding machine from three dimensions. A current variable sensor connected to the single-chip microcomputer is arranged in the electric control cabinet, which is used to provide the single-chip microcomputer with the load current change information of the grinding machine; the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the PLC control system to provide the PLC control system with instruction basis, and the PLC control system controls all the running, adjustment and grinding actions of the equipment according to the instructions provided by the single-chip microcomputer.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopting the above technical solution has the following outstanding features:

[0007] ① This device can not only perform multi-machine automatic profile grinding on the rails on the line, but also detect the quality of rail profile grinding in real time. It has the functions of synchronous detection, automatic profiling, multi-head grinding and real-time evaluation.

[0008] ② Compared with small grinders, it has cross-generational advantages in grinding accuracy and efficiency; in terms of profile grinding, the advantages are even more significant.

[0009] ③Compared with grinding trains, it has the characteristics of compact structure, flexible operation and high cost-effectiveness, and is suitable for independent use by first-level construction units of railway bureau engineering sections.

[0010] Preferably, a further technical solution of the present invention is:

[0011] The car body is an I-shaped structure, with 1 / 2N grinding swing arm mechanisms installed on both sides of the car body corresponding to the two rails. The car body and the box of the grinding swing arm mechanism constitute a composite structure of an I-beam and a box beam; powered wheelsets are arranged at both ends of the car body; the motors of the wheelset groups are connected to the same frequency converter, which can jointly drive the car body and realize stepless speed regulation and synchronous operation. The car body is rigidly connected to one of the wheelset groups and is hinged to the other wheelset group to ensure that the four wheelsets are in good contact with the rails under any circumstances. All units of the equipment are carried by the car body.

[0012] A contour detection system is set at the front and rear ends of the vehicle body respectively. The front contour detection system is used to detect the profile of the rail before grinding, and the rear contour detection system is used to detect the profile of the rail after grinding.

[0013] The laser displacement sensors of the contour detection system are arranged centripetally with the point on the center line of the rail below the top surface of the rail as the center of the circle. All laser displacement sensors are installed in a frame processed by a CNC machine tool to ensure the correct position. The frame is fixed on the car body.

[0014] A base plate is fixedly installed on the vehicle body, and an arc-shaped guide rail, a rack sliding stepper motor, a pressure wheel and an arc-shaped rack are respectively installed on the base plate. The driver of the rack sliding stepper motor is connected to the PLC control system, and the driving gear of the rack sliding stepper motor is meshed with the arc-shaped rack. The arc-shaped rack is tightly attached to the base plate through the pressure wheel and can slide along the arc-shaped guide rail under the drive of the driving gear of the rack sliding stepper motor. The laser displacement sensors are evenly arranged on the arc-shaped rack. When working, when the rack sliding stepper motor drives the arc-shaped rack to rotate one angular unit each time, the laser displacement sensor collects the measurement data of the corresponding feature points and uploads them. The PLC control system controls the rack sliding stepper motor to drive the arc-shaped rack to rotate back and forth according to the set angular unit, and continuously uploads the collected measurement data of multiple corresponding feature points to the single-chip microcomputer.

[0015] The grinding swing arm mechanism consists of a grinding machine, a grinding machine base, a swing arm and a frame. The grinding machine is fixedly installed on the grinding machine base, the grinding machine base is slidably installed on the swing arm, the rear end of the swing arm is hinged to the frame through a rotating shaft, and the frame is fixedly installed on the vehicle body; the stepper motor includes a lifting stepper motor for driving the swing arm to rotate around the rotating shaft, a transverse stepper motor for driving the grinding machine base to slide on the swing arm, a deflection stepper motor for driving the grinding machine base to deflect, and a locking stepper motor for locking the grinding machine base.

[0016] The lifting stepper motor is fixedly installed on the frame, and the driving shaft of the lifting stepper motor is connected to the swing arm through the first ball screw pair. The swing arm is driven to rotate around the rotating shaft by driving the first roller screw pair, thereby driving the grinder on the grinder base to lift and lower. A first inclination sensor is installed on the swing arm to provide the swing arm rotation angle information to the single-chip microcomputer.

[0017] The swing arm has a box-type structure, and the transverse stepper motor is fixedly installed in the box of the swing arm. A second ball screw pair is also arranged in the box. One end of the screw of the second ball screw pair is fixedly connected to the driving shaft of the transverse stepper motor, and the other end of the screw is installed in the box through a bearing seat. The grinding machine base is arranged on the sliding nut of the second ball screw pair. A pull rope displacement sensor is installed on the sliding nut, which is used to provide the single-chip microcomputer with radius change information when the grinding machine rotates and rises and falls around the rotating shaft; the transverse stepper motor drives the screw of the second ball screw pair to rotate, thereby driving the grinding machine base on the sliding nut to move horizontally.

[0018] The deflection stepper motor is fixedly mounted on the box body, and a first locking hexagonal shaft is arranged outside the box body. The driving shaft of the deflection stepper motor is connected to the first locking hexagonal shaft through a deflection driving gear and a deflection driven gear / hexagonal sleeve, and is used to drive the first locking hexagonal shaft to rotate. A worm is fixedly connected to the first locking hexagonal shaft, and a turbine matching the worm is installed on the sliding nut through a positioning bolt. The grinding wheel machine base is fixedly mounted on the turbine, and a second inclination sensor is installed on the grinding wheel machine base, which is used to provide the grinding wheel machine deflection angle information to the single-chip microcomputer; the deflection stepper motor drives the first locking hexagonal shaft and the worm to rotate, thereby driving the grinding wheel machine base on the turbine to deflect.

[0019] The locking stepper motor is fixedly mounted on the box body, and a second locking hexagonal shaft is arranged outside the box body. The driving shaft of the locking stepper motor is connected to the second locking hexagonal shaft through a locking driving gear and a locking driven gear / hexagonal sleeve, and is used to drive the second locking hexagonal shaft to rotate. The second locking hexagonal shaft is fixedly connected with a double-headed screw, and the double-headed screw is provided with threads of opposite rotation directions and is installed with two bevel nuts, a tension screw is arranged between the two bevel nuts, the double-headed screw is connected to the sliding nut through the tension screw, and a bevel slider matching the two bevel nuts is arranged between the double-headed screw and the box body; the locking stepper motor drives the second locking hexagonal shaft and the double-headed screw to rotate, thereby driving the two bevel nuts to move toward each other along the bevel slider, and locks the gap between the grinding machine and the swing arm box body through the tension screw, thereby realizing the locking of the grinding machine base. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a left-view structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is a right view structural schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the AA section structure;

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a top view of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 is a bottom-up structural schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the articulation between the vehicle body and the wheelset in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure viewed from above;

[0028] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the grinding swing arm mechanism of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.10 1 is a schematic diagram of the top view of the polishing swing arm mechanism of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.11 yes Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure in the middle K direction;

[0031] Fig.12 yes Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle BB section;

[0032] Fig.13 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a grinding wheel machine grinding a rail according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.14 is a block diagram of a control system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.15 is a schematic structural diagram of a profile detection system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.16 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser displacement sensor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.17 is a schematic structural diagram of a profile detection system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.18 yes Fig.17 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional side view structure of;

[0038] In the figure: vehicle body A; industrial camera B; rear profile detection system C; rear wheelset group D; grinding monitoring camera E; work lighting F; front wheelset group G; front profile detection system H; driving camera I; driving lighting J; silent diesel generator set K; first electric control cabinet L; second electric control cabinet M; N; rotary encoder O; industrial control display screen P; video display screen R; box S; current variable sensor U; lifting stepper motor V1; lateral movement stepper motor V2; deflection stepper motor V3; locking stepper motor V4; first inclination sensor W; second inclination sensor X; pull rope displacement sensor Y; swing arm Z;

[0039] The first roller screw pair 1; the grinding machine base 2; the frame 3; the sliding nut 4; the turbine 5; the worm gear housing 6; the worm 7; the locking driving gear 8; the locking driven gear / hexagonal sleeve 9; the second locking hexagonal shaft 10; the double-headed screw 11; the tension screw 12; the bevel nut 13; the bevel slider 14; the deflection driving gear 15; the deflection driven gear / hexagonal sleeve 16; the first locking hexagonal shaft 17; the grinding machine 18; the cup grinding wheel 19; the screw 20; the base plate 21; the pressure wheel 22; the rack sliding stepper motor 23; the driving gear 24; the arc rack 25; the arc guide rail 26; the laser displacement sensor 27; the frame 28. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments, the purpose of which is only to provide a better understanding of the content of the present invention. Therefore, the examples given do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] Embodiment 1:

[0042] See also Figures 1 to 16 , an intelligent rail dressing and grinding equipment, including a traveling vehicle, a profile detection system, a mileage system, a grinding swing arm mechanism, a single chip microcomputer, a PLC control system and an electric control cabinet.

[0043] The car body A of the traveling vehicle is an I-shaped structure, and six grinding swing arm mechanisms are installed on both sides of the car body A corresponding to the two rails. The car body A and the box body j of the grinding swing arm mechanism form a composite structure of an I-beam and a box beam; the front and rear ends of the car body A are respectively provided with a front wheel pair group G and a rear wheel pair group D with power; their electric motors are controlled by the same frequency converter, which can jointly drive the car body A and realize stepless speed regulation and synchronous operation. The car body A is rigidly connected to one of the wheel pair groups and is hinged to the other wheel pair group to ensure that the four wheel pairs are in good contact with the rails under any circumstances. All units of the equipment are carried by the car body A.

[0044] The profile detection system consists of 12 laser displacement sensors 27 arranged centripetally along the center line of the rail, with a radius of 300 mm and a point 60 mm below the top surface of the rail as the center. Each laser displacement sensor 27 is connected to a single-chip microcomputer. During operation, each laser displacement sensor 27 continuously detects the distance to the corresponding feature point on the top surface of the rail, and the measured value is continuously transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer to generate a profile graphic of the top of the detected rail, which is used to compare with the standard rail profile stored in the single-chip microcomputer to obtain the error value; all laser displacement sensors 27 are installed in a frame 28 processed by a CNC machine tool to ensure the correct position, and the frame 28 is fixedly installed on the car body A; a set of profile detection systems are respectively set at the front and rear ends of the car body A, and the front profile detection system H detects the rail profile error value before grinding through the single-chip microcomputer, and the rear profile detection system C detects the quality of the rail after grinding through the single-chip microcomputer.

[0045] The mileage system is set at one end of the vehicle body A, and consists of a rotary encoder O and an industrial camera B linked to the wheel. The rotary encoder O is used to record the distance corresponding to the number of rotations of the wheel, and the industrial camera B is used to collect milestone images to determine the mileage of the device on the line and eliminate the error of the rotary encoder O caused by wheel slip. The rotary encoder O and the industrial camera B are connected to the single-chip microcomputer respectively, and the two work together to provide accurate location information of the device;

[0046] There are 12 grinding swing arm mechanisms and the corresponding two rails are arranged on both sides of the vehicle body A of the traveling vehicle. The grinding swing arm mechanisms are respectively provided with stepper motors for driving the grinding machine to lift, move horizontally, deflect and lock, and inclination sensors for detecting the lifting and deflection angles of the grinding machine, and displacement sensors for detecting the lateral movement of the grinding machine. The driver of each stepper motor is connected to the PLC control system, and the inclination sensor and displacement sensor are respectively connected to the single-chip microcomputer to provide the single-chip microcomputer with the position and posture information of the grinding machine from three dimensions. A current variable sensor U connected to the single-chip microcomputer is provided in the electric control cabinet to provide the single-chip microcomputer with the load current change information of the grinding machine;

[0047] The grinding swing arm mechanism consists of a grinding machine 18, a grinding machine base 2, a swing arm Z and a frame 3. The grinding machine 18 uses a Y100-2 motor. The grinding machine 18 is fixedly mounted on the grinding machine base 2. The grinding machine base 2 is slidably mounted on the swing arm Z. The rear end of the swing arm Z is hinged on the frame 3 through a rotating shaft. The frame 3 is fixedly mounted on the vehicle body A. The stepper motor includes a lifting stepper motor V1 for driving the swing arm Z to rotate around the rotating shaft, a transverse stepper motor V2 for driving the grinding machine base 2 to slide on the swing arm Z, a deflection stepper motor V3 for driving the grinding machine base 2 to deflect, and a locking stepper motor V4 for locking the grinding machine base 2. These four stepper motors are controlled by the PLC hierarchy.

[0048] The lifting stepper motor V1 is fixedly installed on the frame 3. The driving shaft of the lifting stepper motor V1 is connected to the swing arm Z through the first ball screw pair 1. The swing arm Z is driven to rotate around the rotating axis by driving the first roller screw pair 1, thereby driving the grinder 18 on the grinder base 2 to lift and lower. A first inclination sensor W is installed on the swing arm Z to provide the single-chip microcomputer with the rotation angle information of the swing arm Z.

[0049] The swing arm Z has a box-type structure, and the transverse stepper motor V2 is fixedly installed in the box of the swing arm Z. A second ball screw pair is also arranged in the box. One end of the screw 20 of the second ball screw pair is fixedly connected to the driving shaft of the transverse stepper motor V2, and the other end of the screw 20 is installed in the box through a bearing seat. The grinder base 2 is arranged on the sliding nut 4 of the second ball screw pair. A pull rope displacement sensor Y is installed on the sliding nut 4, which is used to provide the single-chip microcomputer with radius change information when the grinder 18 rotates and rises around the rotating shaft; the transverse stepper motor V2 drives the screw 20 of the second ball screw pair to rotate, thereby driving the grinder base 2 on the sliding nut 4 to move horizontally.

[0050] The deflection stepper motor V3 is fixedly mounted on the box body, and a first locking hexagonal shaft 17 is arranged outside the box body. The driving shaft of the deflection stepper motor V3 passes through the deflection driving gear 15; the deflection driven gear / hexagonal sleeve 16 is connected to the first locking hexagonal shaft 17, and is used to drive the first locking hexagonal shaft 17 to rotate. The first locking hexagonal shaft 17 is fixedly connected with a worm 7, and a turbine 5 that cooperates with the worm 7 is installed on the sliding nut 4 through a positioning bolt. The grinding wheel machine base 2 is fixedly mounted on the turbine 5, and a turbine housing 6 covering the outside of the turbine 5 is installed on the grinding wheel machine base 2. A second inclination sensor X is installed on the grinding wheel machine 2, which is used to provide the single-chip microcomputer with the deflection angle information of the grinding wheel machine 18; the deflection stepper motor V3 drives the first locking hexagonal shaft 17 and the worm 7 to rotate, thereby driving the grinding wheel machine base 2 on the turbine 5 to deflect.

[0051] The locking stepper motor V4 is fixedly mounted on the box body, and a second locking hexagonal shaft 10 is arranged outside the box body. The driving shaft of the locking stepper motor V4 passes through the locking driving gear 8; the locking driven gear / hexagonal sleeve 9 is connected to the second locking hexagonal shaft 10, which is used to drive the second locking hexagonal shaft 10 to rotate. The second locking hexagonal shaft 10 is fixedly connected with a double-headed screw 11, which is provided with threads with opposite rotation directions and is installed with two bevel nuts 13, and a The tension screw 12 and the double-headed screw 11 are connected to the sliding nut 4 through the tension screw 12, and an inclined slider 14 cooperating with two inclined nuts 13 is arranged between the double-headed screw 11 and the box body; the locking stepper motor V4 drives the second locking hexagonal shaft 10 and the double-headed screw 11 to rotate, driving the two inclined nuts 13 to move toward each other along the inclined slider 14, and locking the gap between the grinding machine 18 and the swing arm Z box body through the tension screw 12, thereby realizing the locking of the grinding machine base 2.

[0052] The electric control cabinet includes a first electric control cabinet L and a second electric control cabinet M which are arranged inside and outside the cab. The hardware part of the single chip computer is installed in the second electric control cabinet M. There are multiple data streams flowing into the data storage module of the single chip computer, including: (1) rail profile detection information provided by the profile detection system; (2) fixed point information provided by the mileage system; (3) spatial position information of the grinding mechanism provided by the first inclination sensor W (lifting), the second inclination sensor X (deflection) and a group of pull rope displacement sensors Y (lateral displacement) embedded in the grinding mechanism; (4) information on the load current change of the grinding motor e provided by the current variable sensor U; there are multiple data stored in the data storage module of the single chip computer, including: (1) standard profiles of various specifications of rails; (2) spatial position parameters of the grinding swing arm mechanism; (3) grinding operation mode, namely preventive grinding, repair grinding, and profile (section) grinding; the above information is comprehensively processed to provide a control basis for the PLC control system.

[0053] The hardware part of the PLC control system is installed in the second electric control cabinet M. Its architecture is PLC subsystem-PLC core system-display screen; 12 PLC subsystems each control 4 stepper motors in a grinding swing arm mechanism to complete the lifting, lateral movement, deflection, locking and other actions of the grinding swing arm mechanism; the display screen is composed of an industrial control display screen P and a video display screen R. The PLC core system connects the industrial control display screen P and the video display screen R, and centrally controls the 12 PLC subsystems through the industrial control display screen P and the video display screen R.

[0054] The vehicle body A is provided with a driving camera I and a driving light J in front for video monitoring of the front of the vehicle. The lower end of the vehicle body A is also provided with a grinding monitoring camera E and a working light F for observing the grinding operation. The vehicle body A is also provided with a silent diesel generator set K, which provides all the power for the equipment.

[0055] In this equipment: the profile detection system uses a laser displacement sensor 27 to detect several characteristic points on the top of the rail in real time, generates a rail cross-section graphic through a single-chip microcomputer, compares it with the stored rail standard graphic, obtains the profile error value of the rail to be polished, and provides polishing operation data; the mileage system is a combination of a wheel-linked rotary encoder O and an industrial camera B, and pushes the location information of the equipment through a single-chip microcomputer; the single-chip microcomputer calculates and processes the imported rail profile information, the position and posture information of the polishing swing arm mechanism, the mileage information, the load change of the polishing motor, and other information to provide instructions for the PLC control system; the PLC control system displays the information on the screen The terminal controls all the running, adjustment and grinding actions of the equipment; in the swing-arm grinding mechanism, the lifting, lateral movement, deflection and locking functions driven by the stepper motor are integrated, and multiple displacement sensors and inclination sensors are embedded to feedback the position and posture information of the grinder 18 and the cup grinding wheel 19 thereon to the single-chip microcomputer; the middle part of the vehicle body A is an I-shaped structure, with a set of self-powered wheels at each end, forming a four-wheel (group) drive layout, one of the wheelsets is connected to the I-shaped structure by hinge + bolt connection, ensuring that all wheelsets are in contact with the rail tread when traveling; all electricity is provided by the on-board silent diesel generator set K.

[0056] The working mode of the present invention is:

[0057] The first step is to hoist into the site;

[0058] The second step is to start the silent diesel generator set and prepare for power;

[0059] The third step is to turn on the PLC control system, and each grinding swing arm mechanism will automatically reset;

[0060] Step 4: Turn on the power of the grinding motor and start the grinding motors one by one;

[0061] Step 5: Turn on the running system and gradually accelerate the vehicle to the grinding running speed;

[0062] Step 6: Operate the PLC industrial control terminal to select the track type and operation mode;

[0063] Step 7: Complete the tool setting and automatic grinding;

[0064] Step 8: Automatically detect the polishing quality and complete the evaluation;

[0065] Step 9: Lift and evacuate the scene.

[0066] Embodiment 2:

[0067] See also Fig.17 , Fig.18, the structure is different from that of Example 1 in that: three laser displacement sensors 27 are provided, a base plate 21 is fixedly mounted on the vehicle body A, an arc guide rail 26, a rack sliding stepping motor 23, a pressure wheel 23 and an arc rack 25 are respectively mounted on the base plate 21, a driver of the rack sliding stepping motor 23 is connected to the PLC control system, a driving gear 24 of the rack sliding stepping motor 23 is meshed with the arc rack 25, the arc rack 25 is closely attached to the base plate 21 through the pressure wheel 22 and can slide along the arc guide rail 26 under the drive of the driving gear 24 of the rack sliding stepping motor 23, and three laser displacement sensors 27 are embedded in the arc rack 25 On the top, there are 4 angular units (1 angular unit = 8.6°) between them; when working, the rack sliding stepper motor 23 drives the arc rack 25 to rotate one angular unit each time, the laser displacement sensor 27 collects the measurement data of the corresponding feature points once and uploads it to the single-chip microcomputer. After rotating 4 angular units, the measurement of 12 feature points is completed, and then the PLC control system controls the rack sliding stepper motor 23 to achieve reversal, and the next round of measurement is carried out according to the above procedure. The PLC control system controls the rack sliding stepper motor 23 to drive the arc rack 25 to rotate back and forth according to the set angular unit, and continuously uploads the collected measurement data of multiple corresponding feature points to the single-chip microcomputer.

[0068] This device can not only perform multi-machine automatic profile grinding on the rails on the line, but also detect the quality of rail profile grinding in real time. It has the functions of synchronous detection, automatic profiling, multi-head grinding and real-time evaluation. Compared with small grinders, it has cross-generational advantages in grinding accuracy and efficiency. In terms of profile grinding, the advantages are more significant. Compared with grinding trains, it has the characteristics of compact structure, flexible operation and high cost-effectiveness, and is suitable for independent use by first-level construction units of railway bureau engineering sections.

[0069] The above description is only a preferred feasible embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the scope of rights of the present invention. All equivalent changes made using the contents of the present specification and its drawings are included in the scope of rights of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent rail dressing and grinding equipment, including a traveling vehicle, a profile detection system, a mileage system, a grinding swing arm mechanism, a single chip microcomputer, a PLC control system and an electric control cabinet; characterized in that: The contour detection system is installed on the body of the traveling vehicle and is composed of a plurality of laser displacement sensors arranged relative to a number of characteristic points on the top surface of the rail. Each laser displacement sensor is connected to a single-chip microcomputer and is used to continuously transmit the distance value detected to the corresponding characteristic point on the top surface of the rail to the single-chip microcomputer. The mileage system is set at one end of the vehicle body, and consists of a rotary encoder and an industrial camera linked to the wheel. The rotary encoder is used to record the number of rotations of the wheel, and the industrial camera is used to collect milestone images. The rotary encoder and the industrial camera are respectively connected to the single-chip microcomputer, and the location information of the device is pushed through the single-chip microcomputer; N grinding swing arm mechanisms are provided and the corresponding two rails are arranged on both sides of the vehicle body of the traveling vehicle. Stepper motors for driving the grinding machine to lift, move horizontally, deflect and lock are provided inside the grinding swing arm mechanisms, as well as inclination sensors for detecting the lifting and deflection angles of the grinding machine and displacement sensors for detecting the amount of lateral movement of the grinding machine. The driver of each stepper motor is connected to the PLC control system, and the inclination sensor and displacement sensor are connected to the single-chip microcomputer respectively to provide the single-chip microcomputer with the position and posture information of the grinding machine from three dimensions. A current variable sensor connected to the single-chip microcomputer is provided in the electric control cabinet to provide the single-chip microcomputer with the load current change information of the grinding machine; The single-chip microcomputer is connected to the PLC control system to provide the PLC control system with instructions. The PLC control system controls all the running, adjustment and grinding actions of the equipment according to the instructions provided by the single-chip microcomputer. The car body is an I-shaped structure. Multiple grinding swing arm mechanisms are installed on the two rails on both sides of the car body. The car body and the box of the grinding swing arm mechanism form a composite structure of an I-beam and a box beam. Powered wheelsets are arranged at both ends of the car body. The motors of the wheelsets are connected to the same inverter. The car body is rigidly connected to one of the wheelsets and is hinged to the other wheelset. The laser displacement sensors of the contour detection system are arranged centripetally with the point on the center line of the rail below the top surface of the rail as the center of the circle. All laser displacement sensors are installed in a frame processed by a CNC machine tool, and the frame is fixedly installed on the car body. A base plate is fixedly mounted on the vehicle body, and an arc-shaped guide rail, a rack sliding stepper motor, a pressure wheel and an arc-shaped rack are respectively mounted on the base plate, the driver of the rack sliding stepper motor is connected to the PLC control system, the driving gear of the rack sliding stepper motor is meshed with the arc-shaped rack, the arc-shaped rack is closely attached to the base plate through the pressure wheel and can slide along the arc-shaped guide rail under the drive of the driving gear of the rack sliding stepper motor, and the laser displacement sensors are evenly arranged on the arc-shaped rack; The grinding swing arm mechanism is composed of a grinding machine, a grinding machine base, a swing arm and a frame. The grinding machine is fixedly installed on the grinding machine base, the grinding machine base is slidably installed on the swing arm, the rear end of the swing arm is hinged on the frame through a rotating shaft, and the frame is fixedly installed on the vehicle body; the stepper motor includes a lifting stepper motor for driving the swing arm to rotate around the rotating shaft, a lateral stepper motor for driving the grinding machine base to slide on the swing arm, a deflection stepper motor for driving the grinding machine base to deflect, and a locking stepper motor for locking the grinding machine base; The lifting stepper motor is fixedly installed on the frame, and the driving shaft of the lifting stepper motor is connected to the swing arm through the first ball screw pair. The swing arm is driven to rotate around the rotating shaft by driving the first roller screw pair, thereby driving the grinder on the grinder base to lift. The swing arm is equipped with a first inclination sensor for providing the single-chip microcomputer with the swing arm rotation angle information; The swing arm is of a box-shaped structure, the lateral stepping motor is fixedly installed in the box of the swing arm, a second ball screw pair is also arranged in the box, one end of the screw of the second ball screw pair is fixedly connected to the driving shaft of the lateral stepping motor, and the other end of the screw is installed in the box through a bearing seat, the grinding machine base is arranged on the sliding nut of the second ball screw pair, and a pull rope displacement sensor is installed on the sliding nut, which is used to provide the single-chip microcomputer with radius change information when the grinding machine rotates and rises around the rotating shaft; the lateral stepping motor drives the screw of the second ball screw pair to rotate, thereby driving the grinding machine base on the sliding nut to move horizontally; The deflection stepper motor is fixedly mounted on the box body, a first locking hexagonal shaft is arranged outside the box body, the driving shaft of the deflection stepper motor is connected with the first locking hexagonal shaft through a deflection driving gear and a deflection driven gear / hexagonal sleeve, and is used to drive the first locking hexagonal shaft to rotate, a worm is fixedly connected to the first locking hexagonal shaft, a turbine matched with the worm is installed on the sliding nut through a positioning bolt, the grinding machine base is fixedly mounted on the turbine, and a second inclination sensor is installed on the grinding machine base, and is used to provide the single-chip microcomputer with the deflection angle information of the grinding machine; the deflection stepper motor drives the first locking hexagonal shaft and the worm to rotate, thereby driving the grinding machine base on the turbine to deflect; The locking stepper motor is fixedly mounted on the box body, and a second locking hexagonal shaft is arranged outside the box body. The driving shaft of the locking stepper motor is connected to the second locking hexagonal shaft through a locking driving gear and a locking driven gear / hexagonal sleeve, and is used to drive the second locking hexagonal shaft to rotate. The second locking hexagonal shaft is fixedly connected with a double-headed screw, and the double-headed screw is provided with threads of opposite rotation directions and is installed with two bevel nuts, a tension screw is arranged between the two bevel nuts, the double-headed screw is connected to the sliding nut through the tension screw, and a bevel slider matching the two bevel nuts is arranged between the double-headed screw and the box body; the locking stepper motor drives the second locking hexagonal shaft and the double-headed screw to rotate, thereby driving the two bevel nuts to move toward each other along the bevel slider, and locks the gap between the grinding machine and the swing arm box body through the tension screw, thereby realizing the locking of the grinding machine base.

2. The intelligent rail dressing and grinding equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A contour detection system is set at the front and rear ends of the vehicle body respectively. The front contour detection system is used to detect the profile of the rail before grinding, and the rear contour detection system is used to detect the profile of the rail after grinding.

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