Automatic filling hydraulic coupling

Abstract

The present invention discloses an automatic filling hydraulic coupler, comprising a shell filled with working fluid and a hydraulic coupler installed in the shell, wherein the hydraulic coupler comprises an output shaft, a shell, a turbine, a pump wheel, an input shaft and an oil inlet plate; the pump wheel is fixedly installed on the input shaft, the shell and the edge of the pump wheel are fixedly docked to form a mounting cavity, the turbine is placed in the mounting cavity and fixedly installed on the output shaft, and the pump wheel and the turbine are symmetrically arranged to form a working cavity; the oil inlet plate is fixedly installed on the pump wheel, and an oil inlet cavity communicating with the internal space of the shell is formed between the two, and a plurality of oil inlet holes communicating with the oil inlet cavity are arranged on the pump wheel. The present invention has a simple structure, high reliability, and a wide range of applications. It can be used in sealed and negative pressure environments, realizes the integration of motors, hydraulic transmissions and working machines, simplifies the transmission structure, improves the starting ability and load starting ability of the motor, overload protection, and increases the service life of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic transmission, and in particular to an automatic liquid-filling hydraulic coupler. Background Art

[0002] The hydraulic coupling uses liquid as the transmission medium. The rotation of the pump wheel drives the spiral motion of the liquid in the working chamber. The spiral motion of the liquid drives the rotation of the turbine in the opposite direction. The liquid after releasing the energy flows to the pump wheel again, and the liquid accelerates to spiral motion again. This cycle continues to achieve power transmission.

[0003] At present, there are two types of hydraulic couplings: fixed filling and variable filling. The fixed filling hydraulic coupling determines the amount of liquid to be filled into the hydraulic coupling cavity according to the working speed and the transmitted power. Its performance is related to the product structure and the amount of liquid filled. Its products must have a high-temperature discharge or shutdown structure or control. This type of product is generally called a torque-limited hydraulic coupling (ordinary hydraulic coupling). The variable filling hydraulic coupling fills liquid into the rotating hydraulic coupling cavity and realizes power transmission suitable for the working conditions by controlling the amount of liquid in the cavity. Its performance is related to the product structure and the amount of liquid in the cavity. Its products must be equipped with a forced cooling device and a high-temperature alarm or shutdown structure or control. This type of product is generally called a speed-regulating hydraulic coupling.

[0004] The existing variable liquid-filled hydraulic coupling has a complex structure, and has certain deficiencies in product reliability and operational safety. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an automatic liquid-filling hydraulic coupling capable of utilizing its own rotational motion to fill liquid, which has the advantages of simple structure, high reliability and wide application range.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0007] An automatic liquid-filling hydraulic coupler comprises a shell filled with working fluid and a hydraulic coupler installed in the shell, wherein the hydraulic coupler comprises an output shaft, a shell, a turbine, a pump wheel, an input shaft and an oil inlet plate; the pump wheel is fixedly installed on the input shaft, the shell and the edge of the pump wheel are fixedly docked to form a mounting cavity, the turbine is placed in the mounting cavity and fixedly installed on the output shaft, and the pump wheel and the turbine are symmetrically arranged to form a working cavity; the oil inlet plate is fixedly installed on the pump wheel, and an oil inlet cavity communicating with the internal space of the shell is formed between the two, and a plurality of oil inlet holes communicating with the oil inlet cavity are arranged on the pump wheel.

[0008] Furthermore, the turbine and pump wheel are respectively provided with 30 to 40 radially distributed blades, and the number of blades of the two differs by 2 to 3.

[0009] Furthermore, the end surface clearance between the turbine and the pump wheel is 2 to 4 mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the number of the oil inlet holes is 4 to 8.

[0011] Furthermore, a heat dissipation pipe for cooling the working fluid is arranged in the shell.

[0012] Furthermore, there is a gap between the output shaft and the housing.

[0013] Furthermore, the working fluid in the shell is immersed to between 3 / 10 and 2 / 5 of the maximum outer diameter of the fluid coupling.

[0014] Furthermore, an O-ring is provided on the interface between the housing and the pump wheel.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] (1) The present invention has a simple structure, high reliability, and a wide range of applications. It can be used in sealed and negative pressure environments. The product is used in low-load starting equipment to replace elastic couplings, realize the integration of motors, hydraulic transmissions, and working machines, simplify the transmission structure, improve the motor's starting ability and load-starting ability, provide overload protection, and increase the service life of the equipment.

[0017] (2) The hydraulic coupling of the present application is installed in a sealed housing filled with a certain amount of working fluid. The working fluid is sucked into the working chamber of the hydraulic coupling by the rotation of the hydraulic coupling. When overloaded, the working fluid in the working chamber can be discharged into the housing. During the starting process, the amount of fluid in the working chamber gradually increases, and the transmission torque increases accordingly; when overloaded, the amount of fluid in the working chamber decreases, the amount of fluid discharged increases, and the rate of increase of the transmission torque is lower than the rate of increase of the load. When the overload torque exceeds the maximum braking torque of the hydraulic coupling, it no longer increases. It is particularly suitable for use in transmission systems and equipment with large starting loads and high sealing requirements.

[0018] (3) This application adopts an open automatic liquid filling method. The product does not need a rotary seal or a rotary working chamber to be sealed, which improves the reliability and operational safety of the product. The external cooling method can effectively extend the product's start-up time and increase the number of product starts per unit time. It is particularly suitable for equipment with a long start-up time and a large number of starts per unit time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a fluid coupling body provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the connection between the automatic filling hydraulic coupling provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure and the motor and the working machine;

[0021] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1 - output shaft; 2 - housing; 3 - turbine; 4 - pump wheel; 5 - O-ring; 6 - input shaft; 7 - oil inlet pan; 100 - fluid coupling; 101 - motor; 102 - housing; 103 - working machine. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an automatic liquid-filling hydraulic coupling includes a housing 102 filled with working fluid and a hydraulic coupling 100 installed in the housing 102 .

[0024] The fluid coupling 100 is mainly composed of an output shaft 1, a housing 2, a turbine 3, a pump wheel 4, an O-ring 5, an input shaft 6 and an oil inlet plate 7. The input shaft 6 is installed on the shaft extension of the motor 101, the output shaft 1 is connected to the working machine 103, and the three are connected into one through the housing 102.

[0025] There are 30 to 40 radially distributed blades in the turbine 3 and the pump wheel 4, and the number of blades differs by 2 to 3 blades. The pump wheel 4 is fixedly mounted on the input shaft 6, and the outer shell 2 is fixedly docked with the edge of the pump wheel 4 to form a mounting cavity. The turbine 3 is placed in the mounting cavity and fixedly mounted on the output shaft 1, and the pump wheel 4 and the turbine 3 are symmetrically arranged to form a working cavity. The end surface clearance between the turbine 3 and the pump wheel 4 is 2 to 4 mm. The O-ring 5 is located at the docking surface of the outer shell 2 and the pump wheel 4, which can prevent the working fluid between the outer shell 2 and the pump wheel 4 from leaking from the joint surface between them, and ensure the stability of the liquid volume in the working cavity. The oil inlet plate 7 is fixedly mounted on the pump wheel 4, and an oil inlet cavity communicating with the internal space of the housing 102 is formed between the two. The pump wheel 4 is provided with 4 to 8 oil inlet holes communicating with the oil inlet cavity, and there is a gap between the output shaft 1 and the outer shell 2.

[0026] Preferably, during the operation of the automatic filling hydraulic coupling, the power loss caused by the slip increases the temperature of the working fluid. The temperature of the liquid in the automatic filling hydraulic coupling is 80°C, but due to the limitation of the heat dissipation of the working machine and the structure, the maximum working liquid temperature is 120°C. When the heat dissipation in the sealed housing 102 cannot meet the requirements, a heat dissipation pipe can be installed in the housing 102 to remove the heat through cooling water.

[0027] Preferably, the amount of working fluid filled into the housing 102 should be appropriate so that the liquid level just reaches between 3 / 10 and 2 / 5 of the maximum outer diameter of the fluid coupling 100 .

[0028] Working principle:

[0029] When the motor 101 is started and operated, the pump impeller 4 and the oil inlet plate 7 are driven to rotate through the input shaft 6. The oil inlet plate 7 brings the working fluid in the housing 102 into the oil inlet chamber formed by the pump impeller 4 and the oil inlet plate 7, and then enters the working chamber of the hydraulic coupling. The working fluid in the working chamber of the hydraulic coupling is accelerated and pressurized on the inner side of the pump impeller 4 (oil inlet) and flows to the outer edge (outlet) by the dual effects of centrifugal force and the impeller blades. The kinetic moment of the liquid increases, that is, the pump impeller 4 converts the mechanical energy input by the motor 101 into the kinetic energy and potential energy of the liquid, and rushes from the outlet of the pump impeller 4 to the opposite turbine 3. The liquid flow impacts the blades of the turbine 3, causing it to rotate in the same direction as the pump impeller 4. The kinetic energy and potential energy of the liquid are converted into mechanical energy again, driving the turbine 3 to rotate and driving the working machine 103 to rotate and do work. The working fluid flows from the outer edge of the turbine (inlet) to the inner edge (outlet), passes through the gap between the turbine 3 and the pump impeller 4 and flows back to the inner edge of the pump impeller 4 to enter the next working cycle. This cycle is repeated to achieve power transmission.

[0030] Before starting, the liquid level in the working chamber of the hydraulic coupling 100 is the same as the liquid level in the housing 102. During starting, since the liquid level of the working fluid only reaches 3 / 10 to 2 / 5 of the maximum outer diameter of the hydraulic coupling 100, the amount of liquid in the working chamber of the hydraulic coupling is small, and the resistance torque of the motor 101 when reaching the rated speed is also small, so that the motor can start without load. After starting, the hydraulic coupling 100 rotates and stirs the working fluid in the housing 102, so that the working fluid enters the oil inlet chamber from the oil inlet pan 7 and then enters the pump impeller 4, so that the amount of liquid in the working chamber gradually increases, and the transmission torque increases accordingly, so that the motor 101 can start slowly with load.

[0031] When overloaded, the speed difference between the turbine 3 and the pump wheel 4 increases, and the working fluid pressure in the working chamber increases, which hinders the working fluid in the oil inlet chamber from entering the pump wheel 4. At the same time, the amount of oil discharged from the working chamber through the gap between the outer shell 2 and the output shaft 1 increases, which reduces the amount of liquid in the working chamber and reduces the transmitted torque, thereby achieving overload protection.

[0032] Main technical parameters:

[0033] The main technical parameters of the automatic filling hydraulic coupling are as follows:

[0034]

[0035] Installation and debugging:

[0036] Before installation, check the relevant installation dimensions. After installation, make sure the end surface clearance between the pump wheel 4 and the turbine 3 meets the design requirements.

[0037] The specific installation and test steps are as follows:

[0038] 5.1. Install the pump wheel 4, O-ring 5, input shaft 6 and oil inlet plate 7 assembly on the shaft extension of the motor 101 and tighten it with bolts.

[0039] 5.2. Sleeve the housing 2 onto the assembly consisting of the output shaft 1 and the turbine 3. The output shaft 1 is connected and fixed to the mounting coupling plate of the working machine 103 or the output shaft 1 is installed on the shaft extension of the working machine 103 and fixed with bolts.

[0040] 5.3. Install the working machine 103 on the housing 102. The mounting joint surface may be coated with a suitable sealing material. Turn the turbine 3. The rotation should be flexible.

[0041] 5.4. Install the motor 101 on the housing 102. The mounting joint surface may be coated with a suitable sealing material. Turn the pump wheel 3. The rotation should be flexible.

[0042] 5.5. Push the housing 2 onto the pump wheel 4 at the installation window of the housing 102, so that the housing 2 contacts the end surface of the pump wheel 4. Tighten and fix with countersunk screws. Turn the housing 2, and it should rotate flexibly.

[0043] 5.6. Add filtered working oil (the oil quality should meet the requirements, generally use 32# turbine oil) to the shell 102 until the highest oil level of the shell is reached. After adding oil, install the installation window cover.

[0044] 5.7. Check the entire device to ensure it meets the test or operation requirements.

[0045] 5.8. Jog the motor 101 and observe whether the rotation direction is consistent with that required by the working machine 103. There should be no other abnormalities.

[0046] 5.9. Start the motor 101 and check the no-load operation. After no-load operation for a period of time, the motor can be loaded for operation. When running with load, pay attention to the working fluid temperature. The working fluid temperature is not allowed to exceed 120°C. If it exceeds this temperature, external cooling should be adopted to reduce the temperature.

[0047] 5.10. Start the motor 101 with load, and check the load start and operation. During operation, pay attention to the working fluid temperature, which is not allowed to exceed 120°C. If it exceeds, external cooling should be used to reduce the temperature.

[0048] 5.11. After the above test run is completed, the product can be put into use.

[0049] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable ordinary technicians in the field to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made based on the essence of the content of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic filling hydraulic coupling, characterized in that: The invention comprises a housing (102) filled with a working fluid and a hydraulic coupling (100) installed in the housing (102); the hydraulic coupling (100) comprises an output shaft (1), a housing (2), a turbine (3), a pump wheel (4), an input shaft (6) and an oil inlet plate (7); the pump wheel (4) is fixedly installed on the input shaft (6); the housing (2) and the edges of the pump wheel (4) are fixedly connected to form a mounting cavity; the turbine (3) is placed in the mounting cavity and fixedly installed on the output shaft (1); the pump wheel (4) and the turbine (3) are symmetrically arranged to form a working cavity; the oil inlet plate (7) is fixedly installed on the pump wheel (4) and an oil inlet cavity communicating with the internal space of the housing (102) is formed between the two; a plurality of oil inlet holes communicating with the oil inlet cavity are provided on the pump wheel (4); A heat dissipation pipe for cooling the working fluid is arranged in the housing (102); The working fluid in the housing (102) is immersed to between 3 / 10 and 2 / 5 of the maximum outer diameter of the fluid coupling (100); The turbine (3) and pump wheel (4) are respectively provided with 30 to 40 radially distributed blades, and the number of blades between the two differs by 2 to 3.

2. The automatic filling hydraulic coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end surface clearance between the turbine (3) and the pump wheel (4) is 2 to 4 mm.

3. The automatic filling hydraulic coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the oil inlet holes of the pump wheel (4) is 4 to 8.

4. The automatic filling hydraulic coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is a gap between the output shaft (1) and the housing (2).

5. The automatic filling hydraulic coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: An O-type sealing ring (5) is provided on the butt joint surface between the housing (2) and the pump wheel (4).

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