A bypass type spherical float valve

Abstract

The present invention discloses a bypass-type ball float valve, comprising a valve body (10); a float seat (20), a sealing body (30), a splicing ring (40), a support sleeve (50) and a hole elastic retaining ring (60) are arranged in sequence from bottom to top in the valve body; a float ball (70) is arranged above the float seat; a locking device (80) is arranged on the outer circle of the sealing body, and a bypass ball (90) is arranged above the sealing body. The present invention skillfully combines the existing ball-dropping bypass valve and the one-way float valve into one component, so that one component has both the functions of the one-way float valve and the ball-dropping bypass valve, thereby eliminating the connector between the one-way float valve and the ball-dropping bypass valve, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the connector. The present invention has the advantages of fewer parts, simple structure, reliable sealing and not easy to be blocked. The present invention also improves the shear pin of the existing bypass valve, so that the shear pin does not need to be replaced every time the ball-dropping shear pin is cut off, which not only avoids the consumption of the shear pin, but also reduces the maintenance cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a bypass-type spherical floating valve, belonging to the technical field of oil field equipment. Background Art

[0002] At present, ball-drop bypass valves and one-way float valves have been successfully used in oil and gas drilling and repair processes. During normal drilling, drilling fluid passes through the drill bit through the drill hole and returns to the ground from the outer annulus of the drill. When a blowout occurs, the fluid in the drill hole will be reversely pressed back to the ground due to the formation pressure, which is a blowout. At this time, a check valve is needed to block the fluid channel in time, that is, to achieve one-way flow. When it is necessary to start drilling or plug leaks, it is necessary to open the side channel of the drill. The method of opening the side channel of the drill is to drop a bypass ball to block the water hole channel below the bypass valve and open the inner and outer annular channels of the drill. In order to facilitate drilling and meet safety requirements, the existing technology requires that a ball-drop bypass valve and a one-way float valve must be equipped in the standard configuration of the drill tool assembly for almost every well. This increases the drilling cost and connectors, and each additional connector increases a risk. The existing ball-dropping bypass valve has a screw hole drilled on the valve body and a shear pin installed in the screw hole. The shear pin needs to be sheared off after each ball drop, and there is a risk of the shear pin falling into the well. In addition, the shear pin needs to be replaced after it is sheared off, which not only wastes materials but also wastes time and effort and is very troublesome. Therefore, the existing technology still has shortcomings and needs further improvement. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a bypass type spherical float valve, which combines a ball-dropping bypass valve and a one-way float valve into one, thereby reducing the number of connectors used to connect the ball-dropping bypass valve and the one-way float valve and reducing the risk of damage to the connectors; at the same time, a locking device is used to replace the existing shear pins, thereby avoiding the risk of the shear pins falling into the well, and there is no need to frequently replace the shear pins, thereby reducing maintenance and material costs, so as to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] The invention discloses a bypass-type spherical float valve, comprising a valve body; a float seat, a sealing body, a splicing ring, a support sleeve and an elastic retaining ring for a hole are arranged in sequence from bottom to top in the valve body; a float is arranged above the float seat; a locking device is arranged on the outer circle of the sealing body, and a bypass ball is arranged above the sealing body.

[0006] In the aforementioned bypass-type spherical float valve, the valve body is a tubular structure; the inner hole of the valve body is a smooth through hole, an inner step is provided in the smooth through hole, a float seat is installed on the inner step, and an arc groove cooperating with a locking device is provided in the middle of the large-diameter section of the valve body to lock the axial position of the sealing body; the inner hole of the valve body at the upper part of the sealing body is provided with a splicing ring groove for installing a splicing ring to limit the upward movement of the sealing body; the side wall of the valve body is provided with more than three bypass holes evenly distributed along the circumference, and when the bottom surface of the sealing body descends to the upper end surface of the float seat, the drill water eye is connected with the outer annulus through the bypass hole.

[0007] In the aforementioned bypass-type spherical float valve, the float seat is a tower-shaped hollow structure; the bottom is a large circular ring, the middle is a conical ring that is larger at the bottom and smaller at the top, and the upper part is a small circular ring; the outer circle of the large circular ring is provided with a sealing groove, and a sealing ring is provided in the sealing groove; the side wall of the conical ring is provided with more than three leakage holes evenly distributed along the circumference, and the leakage holes are long holes arranged longitudinally; the leakage holes can pass fluid and are not easy to be blocked; the top surface of the small circular ring is an inner spherical surface for supporting the float.

[0008] In the aforementioned bypass-type spherical float valve, the sealing body is a tubular structure; the lower section of the sealing body is a large-diameter section, and the large-diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of the float so that the float can easily enter the large-diameter section, and the large-diameter section guides the up and down movement of the float; a through square hole is provided on the side of the large-diameter section for fluid circulation; threaded blind holes for installing locking devices are provided on both side walls of the through square hole; the upper section of the sealing body is a small-diameter section, and both ends of the small-diameter section are inner cones to form a double trumpet-shaped structure; two annular grooves for installing sealing rings are provided on the upper outer circle of the sealing body.

[0009] In the aforementioned bypass-type spherical float valve, the locking device includes a locking screw, which is a tubular structure with a closed outer end; a locking ball and a spring are provided in the inner hole of the locking screw; a screw groove for tightening the locking screw is provided on the closed outer end surface of the locking screw; the closing of the outer end of the locking screw prevents the locking ball from being squeezed out of the locking screw; when the inserted bypass ball descends to the sealing body and blocks the inner conical surface of the small aperture top of the sealing body, the water eye pressure increases, and the force of the compression spring squeezed by the arc groove of the locking ball valve body is also greater, so that the locking ball compression spring enters the inner hole of the locking screw to unlock, the sealing body descends, and the bypass hole is gradually exposed, thereby realizing the connection between the drilling tool water eye and the outer annulus.

[0010] In the aforementioned bypass-type spherical float valve, the splicing ring is provided with an L-notch for installing the support sleeve; the splicing ring is a circular ring structure composed of four fan-shaped blocks, so as to be easily installed in the splicing ring groove of the inner hole of the valve body; an installation groove is provided on the side of the L-notch, and an elastic retaining ring for the hole is provided in the installation groove; the elastic retaining ring for the hole serves to limit the withdrawal of parts in the valve body hole.

[0011] In the aforementioned bypass-type spherical float valve, the float is a hollow ball or a lightweight ball to reduce the weight of the float. When a blowout occurs, the float moves upward with the fluid by its own buoyancy and contacts and seals with the inner conical surface at the lower end of the small aperture section of the sealing body.

[0012] Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the present invention realizes the function of a floating valve for one-way flow of fluid in the drilling tool and drops a bypass ball at the wellhead on the ground by placing a floating ball in a cylindrical sealing body provided with a square hole and a double-sealed inner conical surface, and releases the axial lock of the locking device provided on the outer circumference of the sealing body, thereby realizing the function of a ball-dropping bypass valve. The present invention has a compact structure, is simple and reliable, realizes two functions of a single set of products, and realizes the reuse of the locking device. The ball-dropping bypass valve of the present invention does not require lateral drilling of shear pin holes and installation of shear pins on the valve body, which simplifies the structure, while improving the strength of the valve body and realizing the reuse of the locking device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 is an axonometric cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 The invention relates to a ball-dropping bypass valve transformed from the bypass-type spherical floating valve of the invention;

[0016] Figure 4 The utility model relates to a spherical floating valve transformed from the bypass-type spherical floating valve of the present invention.

[0017] The marks in the accompanying drawings are: 10-valve body, 11-smooth through hole, 12-inner step, 13-arc groove, 14-ring groove, 15-bypass hole, 20-float seat, 21-large ring, 22-cone ring, 23-small ring, 24-sealing groove, 25-leakage hole, 26-inner spherical surface, 30-sealing body, 31-large aperture, 32-through square hole, 33-threaded blind hole, 34-small aperture, 35-inner cone, 36-ring groove, 40-ring, 41-L notch, 42-sector block, 43-mounting groove, 50-support sleeve, 60-elastic retaining ring for hole, 70-float, 80-locking device, 81-locking screw, 82-locking ball, 83-spring, 84-screw groove, 90-bypass ball. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] The overall structure of a bypass-type spherical float valve of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1As shown, it includes a valve body 10; a float seat 20, a sealing body 30, a splicing ring 40, a support sleeve 50 and an elastic retaining ring 60 for the hole are arranged in sequence from bottom to top in the valve body 10; a float 70 is arranged above the float seat 20; a locking device 80 is arranged on the outer circle of the sealing body 30, and a bypass ball 90 is arranged above the sealing body 30.

[0020] The specific structure of the present invention is as follows Figure 2As shown, the valve body 10 is a tubular structure; the inner hole of the valve body 10 is a smooth through hole 11 and an inner step 12, a float seat 20 is installed at the bottom of the inner step 12, and an arc groove 13 cooperating with the locking device 80 is provided in the middle of the large-diameter section of the valve body 10 to lock the axial position of the sealing body 30; the inner hole of the valve body 10 at the upper part of the sealing body 30 is provided with a splicing ring groove 14 for installing a splicing ring 40 to limit the upward movement of the sealing body 30; the side wall of the valve body 10 is provided with more than three bypass holes 15 evenly distributed along the circumference, and when the bottom surface of the sealing body 30 descends to the upper end surface of the float seat 20, the drill water eye is communicated with the outer annulus through the bypass hole 15. The float seat 20 is a tower-shaped hollow structure; the bottom is in the shape of a large circular ring 21, the middle is in the shape of a tapered ring 22 which is larger at the bottom and smaller at the top, and the upper part is in the shape of a small circular ring 23; a sealing groove 24 is provided on the outer circle of the large circular ring 21, and a sealing ring is provided in the sealing groove 24; the side wall of the tapered ring 22 is provided with more than three drainage holes 25 which are evenly distributed along the circumference, and the drainage holes 25 are long holes arranged longitudinally; the drainage holes 25 can pass fluid and are not easily blocked; the top surface of the small circular ring 23 is an inner spherical surface 26 for supporting the float 70. The sealing body 30 is a tubular structure; the lower section of the sealing body 30 is a large-aperture section 31, which is slightly larger than the diameter of the float 70 so that the float 70 can easily enter the large-aperture section 31, and the large-aperture section 31 guides the up and down movement of the float 70; a through square hole 32 for fluid circulation is provided on the side of the large-aperture section 31; threaded blind holes 33 for installing the locking device 80 are respectively provided on the two side walls of the through square hole 32; the upper section of the sealing body 30 is a small-aperture section 34, and both ends of the small-aperture section 34 are inner cones 35 to form a double trumpet-shaped structure; two annular grooves 36 for installing a sealing ring are provided on the upper outer circle of the sealing body 30. The locking device 80 includes a locking screw 81, which is a tubular structure with a closed outer end; a locking ball 82 and a spring 83 are provided in the inner hole of the locking screw 81; a screwing groove 84 is provided on the outer end surface of the closed end of the locking screw 81 for tightening the locking screw 81; the closing of the outer end of the locking screw 81 prevents the locking ball 82 from being squeezed out of the locking screw 81; when the inserted bypass ball 90 descends to the sealing body 30 and blocks the inner conical surface 35 at the top of the small aperture 34 of the sealing body 30, the water eye pressure increases, and the arc groove 13 of the valve body 10 of the locking ball 82 squeezes the compression spring 83. The locking ball 82 compresses the spring 83 and enters the inner hole of the locking screw 81 to unlock, the sealing body 30 descends, and the bypass hole 15 is gradually exposed, so that the drilling tool water eye and the outer annulus are connected. The ring 40 is provided with an L-shaped notch 41 for installing the support sleeve 50; the ring 40 is a circular ring structure composed of four sector blocks 42, so as to be conveniently installed in the ring groove 14 of the inner hole of the valve body 10; the side of the L-shaped notch 41 is provided with an installation groove 43 for installing the hole elastic retaining ring 60; the hole elastic retaining ring 60 serves to limit the withdrawal of the parts in the hole of the valve body 10. The floating ball 70 is a hollow ball or a light ball; in order to reduce the weight of the floating ball, when a blowout occurs, the floating ball 70 relies on its own buoyancy to move upward with the fluid and contact and seal with the inner cone surface 35 at the lower end of the small aperture 34 section of the sealing body 30.

[0021] The working process and principle of the present invention are further described as follows:

[0022] During normal operation, since the diameter of the float 70 on the top of the float seat 20 is smaller than the small aperture 34 in the sealing body 30, the drilling fluid can pass through the gap around the float 70 and enter the drilling tool water hole through the leakage hole 25 on the float seat 20 to flow to the drill bit, and return to the ground from the outer annulus of the drilling tool. When a blowout occurs, the float 70 moves upward under the action of the formation pressure, and the float 70 contacts the inner cone 35 at the lower end of the small aperture 34 section of the sealing body 30 to close the upward passage of the fluid. The above process realizes the function of a one-way floating valve. When it is necessary to start drilling or plug leaks, only a bypass ball 90 needs to be dropped from the center of the drill bit on the ground. The bypass ball 90 falls into the inner cone 35 at the upper end of the small aperture 34 in the sealing body 30 by its own weight to close the downward passage of the drilling fluid. After the downward passage of the drilling fluid is closed, the water eye pressure increases, and the sealing body 30 is continuously exerted with pressure, so that the locking ball 82 is squeezed by the arc groove 13 on the valve body 10, and overcomes the force of the spring 83 to enter the inner hole of the locking screw 81 to unlock, and the sealing body 30 moves downward, gradually opening the bypass hole 15, so that the drilling bit water eye and the outer annulus are connected. The above process realizes the ball-dropping bypass function. After starting drilling, the bypass ball 90 is taken out, and after cleaning and inspection, the sealing body 30 is reinstalled in the locking position and can be used again without replacing the locking position 80.

[0023] The bypass spherical floating valve of the present invention is processed as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the ring groove 14 on the valve body 10 and the through square hole 32 on the sealing body 30 are not processed, and the ring 40, the support sleeve 50, the hole elastic retaining ring 60, the floating ball 70 and the support seat 20 are eliminated. It can be used alone as a ball-dropping bypass valve.

[0024] The bypass spherical floating valve of the present invention is processed as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the locking device 80 is cancelled, the bypass hole 15, the arc groove 13 on the valve body 10 and the threaded blind hole 33 on the sealing body 30 are not processed, and the lower end of the sealing body 30 is extended to the upper end surface of the large circular ring 21 of the support seat 20, so that it can be used alone as a spherical float valve.

[0025] The supplementary explanation of the present invention is as follows: The bypass-type spherical float valve of the present invention cleverly combines the two components of the ball-dropping bypass valve and the one-way float valve of the prior art into one, so that one component has both the functions of a one-way float valve and a ball-dropping bypass valve, achieving the purpose of one machine with two uses. It has the advantages of fewer parts, simple structure, reliable sealing and not easy to clog. Since one component has both the functions of a one-way float valve and a ball-dropping bypass valve, the connector between the one-way float valve and the ball-dropping bypass valve can be omitted, reducing the risk of damage to the connector. In addition, the present invention improves the shear pin of the bypass valve of the prior art, and adopts a locking device to replace the shear pin structure of the prior art, so that there is no need to replace the shear pin every time the ball-dropping shear pin is cut off, which not only avoids the consumption of the shear pin, but also reduces the maintenance cost. The locking device in the present invention can automatically return to its position for repeated use.

Claims

1. A bypass-type spherical float valve, comprising a valve body (10); characterized in that: A float seat (20), a sealing body (30), a splicing ring (40), a support sleeve (50) and a hole elastic retaining ring (60) are arranged in sequence from bottom to top in the valve body (10); a float (70) is arranged above the float seat (20); a locking device (80) is arranged on the outer circle of the sealing body (30), and a bypass ball (90) is arranged above the sealing body (30); the sealing body (30) is a tubular structure; the lower section of the sealing body (30) is a large aperture (31) section, and the large aperture (31) is slightly larger than the diameter of the float (70), so that the float (70) can easily enter the large aperture (31) section, and the large aperture (31) section is provided to the float. (70) plays a guiding role in the up and down movement; a through square hole (32) for fluid circulation is provided on the side of the large aperture (31); threaded blind holes (33) for installing the locking device (80) are provided on both side walls of the through square hole (32); the upper section of the sealing body (30) is a small aperture (34) section, and both ends of the small aperture (34) section are inner cones (35) to form a double trumpet structure; two annular grooves (36) for installing the sealing ring are provided on the upper part of the outer circle of the sealing body (30); the locking device (80) includes a locking screw (81), and the locking screw (81) is a tubular structure with a closed outer end; the locking screw (81) 1) A locking ball (82) and a spring (83) are provided in the inner hole; a screwing groove (84) for tightening the locking screw (81) is provided on the outer end surface of the locking screw (81); the outer end of the locking screw (81) prevents the locking ball (82) from being squeezed out of the locking screw (81); when the bypass ball (90) is inserted and moves down to the sealing body (30) and blocks the inner conical surface (35) at the top of the small aperture (34) of the sealing body (30), the water eye pressure increases, and the force of the locking ball (82) pressing the arc groove (13) of the valve body (10) to compress the spring (83) also increases, so that the locking ball (82) compresses the spring (83) enters the inner hole of the locking screw (81) to unlock, the sealing body (30) moves downward, the bypass hole (15) is gradually exposed, and the drilling tool water hole and the outer annulus are connected; the splicing ring (40) is provided with an L-notch (41) for installing the support sleeve (50); the splicing ring (40) is a circular ring structure composed of four fan-shaped blocks (42) to facilitate installation into the splicing ring groove (14) of the inner hole of the valve body (10); a mounting groove (43) is provided on the side of the L-notch (41), and a hole elastic retaining ring (60) is provided in the mounting groove (43); the hole elastic retaining ring (60) serves to limit the withdrawal of parts in the hole of the valve body (10).

2. The bypass spherical float valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve body (10) is a tubular structure; the inner hole of the valve body (10) is a smooth through hole (11), an inner step (12) is provided in the smooth through hole (11), a float seat (20) is installed at the inner step (12), and a circular arc groove (13) cooperating with a locking device (80) is provided in the middle of the large-diameter section of the valve body (10) to lock the axial position of the sealing body (30); the inner hole of the valve body (10) above the sealing body (30) is provided with a splicing ring groove (14) for installing a splicing ring (40) to limit the upward movement of the sealing body (30); the side wall of the valve body (10) is provided with more than three bypass holes (15) evenly distributed along the circumference, and when the bottom surface of the sealing body (30) descends to the upper end surface of the float seat (20), the drilling tool water hole and the outer annulus are communicated through the bypass holes (15).

3. The bypass type spherical float valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The float seat (20) is a tower-shaped hollow structure; the bottom is in the shape of a large circular ring (21), the middle is in the shape of a tapered ring (22) which is larger at the bottom and smaller at the top, and the top is in the shape of a small circular ring (23); the outer circle of the large circular ring (21) is provided with a sealing groove (24), and a sealing ring is provided in the sealing groove (24); the side wall of the tapered ring (22) is provided with more than three drainage holes (25) evenly distributed along the circumference, and the drainage holes (25) are longitudinally arranged long holes; the drainage holes (25) can flow fluid and are not easily blocked; the top surface of the small circular ring (23) is an inner spherical surface (26) for supporting the float (70).

4. The bypass-type spherical float valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The float (70) is a hollow ball or a lightweight ball to reduce the weight of the float. When a blowout occurs, the float (70) moves upward with the fluid by its own buoyancy and contacts and seals with the inner conical surface (35) at the lower end of the small aperture (34) section of the sealing body (30).

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